Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for conducting a variety of assays that are responsive to a change in the viscosity of a sample fluid and relates to methods of conducting such assays. In particular, the present invention is related to the use of a cartridge for conducting one or more coagulation assays or, conversely, fibrinolysis assays. The disclosed device enjoys simplicity and is adaptable to the point-of-care clinical diagnostic area, including use in accident sites, emergency rooms, surgery or intensive care units.

Abstract: A novel method for the sequential degradation from the N-terminus of small samples of proteins or peptides. The released amino acids may be detected by mass spectrometry.

Abstract: Non-primate or primate cells are provided comprising a functional human transporter for neurotransmitter uptake. The cells allow for dissection of the mechanism of neurotransmitter transport, as well as screening for agonists and antagonists of the neurotransmitter with respect to its uptake. Methods are provided for producing such cells. Specifically, the cells are transformed with human DNA comprising the gene encoding for the neurotransmitter transporter, whereby this protein(s) is expressed and incorporated into the plasma membrane and is capable of functioning to transfer the neurotransmitter from the extracellular space to intracellular domains. The physiological, kinetic and pharmacological characteristics of transport in these cells conform to known characteristics of high-affinity neurotransmitter transport in the CNS.

Abstract: An assay method which comprises utilizing chemiluminescence of a pyridopyridazine compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group each of which may be substituted and R.sub.2 is hydroxy group, thiol group, amino group or a monosubstituted amino group, and when R.sub.2 is a monosubstituted amino group, R.sub.2 may be taken together with R.sub.1 to form the ring; R.sub.3 is hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group which may be substituted, an amino group which may be substituted, a thiol group which may be substituted, a halogen atom, a heterocyclic group, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group which may be esterified or amidated, azido group, sulfo group or an organic sulfonyl group, provided that when R.sub.1 is an aliphalic group, R.sub.3 is not hydrogen atom; and X is oxygen atom or sulfur atom/or a salt thereof; and a novel compound of the formula (I) wherein the symbols are as defined above with proviso that R.sub.3 is hydrogen atom, R.sub.

Abstract: Methods for collecting neonatal meconium samples, preparing meconium specimens for testing and for chemically analyzing neonatal meconium samples to determine their chemical composition are provided. A novel extraction method is employed in accordance with the invention to provide a non-aqueous, concentrated "cocktail" meconium extract containing substantially all of many possible target analytes in a single extraction step. Preliminary screening by fluorescence polarization immunoassay methods may be performed on the cocktail extract to qualitatively determine the presence of the target analytes in the meconium sample. If a positive preliminary result is obtained, new and improved quantitative GC/MS confirmatory procedures are provided by this invention to unequivocally identify and quantitate the amount of target analyte present in the sample in terms of nanograms of analyte per gram of meconium tested.

Abstract: Chromogenic solvent detectors are used to detect and map the presence of organic solvent-containing materials on a surface. The detector need only be applied to the surface to be tested. When removed, the dark areas on the detector correspond to those areas of the surface where an organic solvent-containing material was present. This method can be used to test the release properties of a release film.

Abstract: The concentration of an aromatic azole corrosion inhibitor in the water of an aqueous system is monitored by a fluorometric method which is based upon the measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the aromatic azole corrosion inhibitor itself, and the precise determination of concentration permits control of the dosage of such aromatic azole corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: A protein microsequencing method for use in conjunction with the thiobenzoylation degradation of polypeptides and proteins is disclosed. The process involves reaction of the N-terminal amino acid of a polypeptide with an excess of a thiobenzoylating reagent. The derivatized polypeptide is subjected to cleavage by acid which forms a 4-substituted 2-phenyl-5(4H) thiazolone. The thiazolone is acylated to form a 5-acyloxy-2-phenylthiazole and subjected to detection by both gas chromatography and chemical ionization mass spectroscopy.

Abstract: Spectrophotometric methods, including the use of convention spectroscopic absorption or circular dichroism, for clinical chemistry detection methods. More specifically, with the use of such spectrophotometric methods in the measurement of cholesterol levels and direct measurement of cholesterol subfractions in clinical samples, and in the measurement of lipoprotein levels in a clinical test sample, as well as in the detection of anabolic steroids and other steroid products. The invention is also concerned with providing certain CD and conventional spectrophotometric apparatus useful in each of the aforesaid chemical methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chromogenic benzoisothiazolone polymer derivative for measuring the presence or appearance of thiols in an aqueous system.

Abstract: An improved method for detecting the presence of durg metabolites in the meconium of newborn infants is described. The method involves a single step extraction of the drug metabolites from meconium using a buffered aqueous solution containing methanol in an amount between about 10 and 30% by volume and buffered to a pH between 6 and 7 and then assaying the extract individually for the presence of the drug metabolites. The method is particularly useful for detection of cocaine, morphine, cannabinoid and amphetamine metabolites; however, any drug metabolite in the infant meconium can be tested if it is extracted by the solution from the meconium. Various assay methods are used for the drug metabolites in the solutions derived from the meconium, including immunoassays, fluorescent assays and mass spectroscopy. The method provides for early detection of drug presence in newborn infants which contribute to infant illness.

Abstract: Naphthotriazolium salts which are chromogenic indicators for reducing substrate, such as NADH or NADPH.

Abstract: A method for determining the concentration of isothiazolones in an aqueous system comprising:(a) mixing a known volume of solution to be analyzed with a volume containing a known quantity of aromatic thiol salts which form colored solutions for a specified period of time;(b) determining color of the resultant solution; and(c) comparing the color to a standard of known concentration.This invention is especially applicable to cooling towers and in the metal working industry and for fuel.

Abstract: A method for detecting amino acid derivatives in which 2-anilino-5-thiazolinone derivatives of amino acids are reacted with an amino compound of fluorescein or rhodamine derivative amino compounds to form phenylthiocarbamyl amino acids derivatives. The phenylithiocarbamyl amino acids derivatives are detected with a high level of sensitivity by a fluorescence spectrophotometer.

Abstract: Tetra-substituted aryl cyclic formazan dyes are useful in assaying for lithium. The dyes have the structure: ##STR1## in which X represents CN or NO.sub.2 ;Y represents CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 ; andR.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each independently represent butyl, halogen, alkoxy or NO.sub.2.

Abstract: New internal standards for use in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry test methods, comprising deuterated cannabinoids, have been developed for the analysis of tetrahydrocannabinol and its metabolites in biological fluids.

Abstract: A method for detecting the presence of drug metabolites in the meconium of newborn infants is described. The method involves separation of the drug metabolites from meconium in solution and then assaying the solution for the presence of the drug metabolites. The method is particularly useful for detection of cocaine, morphine and cannabinoids; however, any drug metabolite in the infant meconium can be tested. Conventional assay methods are used for the drug metabolites in the solutions derived from the meconium. The method provides for early detection of drug presence in infants which contribute to infant illness.

Abstract: A method of detecting and identifying amino acid derivatives produced by sequential cleavage of N-terminal residues from a polypeptide chain. The polypeptide is first reacted with an isothiocyanate to produce an N-terminal-thiocarbamyl polypeptide. This derivative is then cleaved to form a cyclic ATZ derivative, which is subsequently combined with a detectable alcohol in anhydrous acid to primarily produce a stable thiocarbamyl amino acid ester. This compound may be readily detected and identified.

Abstract: A method of making drug abuse test papers wherein bibulous paper carriers are impregnated with specific test chemicals, (bismuth subnitrate, potassium iodide, acetic acid, and platinum salt), in two coatings and dried after each coating under specific temperature conditions. The test chemicals are provided for the detection of the drug abuse compounds of amphetamine, cocaine, marijuana, and narcotics contained in low concentrations in animal or human urine. Additionally described is a means of preserving urine samples using esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid.

Abstract: Methods for the detection and measurement of compounds containing beta-lactam rings by chemiluminescence of the compounds in the presence of a chemiluminescent compound such as luminol, and for improving the sensitivity of assays using chemiluminescent reactions such as the luminol reaction utilizing compounds containing beta-lactam rings are described. A kit for conducting such chemiluminescent assays is also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is biotin or iminobiotin, X is CH.sub.2, P is psoralen or a psoralen derivative, r is an integer equal to or greater than 2 and s is an integer equal to or greater than 1.The invention also provides a method for preparing a biotinylated psoralen or a biotinylated psoralen derivative.Further provided are methods for detecting, purifying, and isolating nucleic acids, and methods for delivering an iminobiotinylated psoralen to a cell.

Abstract: A method for detecting amino acid derivatives in which 2-anilino-5-thiazolinone derivatives of amino acids are reacted with radioactive iodine siotope-labeled amino compounds or with fluorescent amino compounds to form phenylthiocarbamyl amino acid derivatives. The phenylthiocarbamyl amino acid derivatives are detected with a high level of sensitivity by a radioactive detector or a fluorescence spectrophotometer.

Abstract: A sequencing method which exploits the thioacylation degradation of polypeptides and proteins is disclosed. The process involves reaction of the N-terminal amino acid of a polypeptide with an excess of a thioacylating reagent. After sufficient time to insure quantitative coupling and removal of excess reagent, the N-thioacyl polypeptide is subjected to cleavage by acid which affords a 2-substituted-5(4H)-thiazolinone of the N-terminal amino acid. Subsequent addition of a large excess of an aliphatic primary or secondary alcohol, either directly to the cleavage acid or after its removal, yields the corresponding N-thioacyl amino acid ester, a stable compound suitable for chromatographic separation and subsequent detection by contemporary methods of high pressure liquid chromatography.

Abstract: A protein micro sequencing method for use in conjunction with the thiocylation degradation of polypeptides and proteins is disclosed. The process involves reaction of the N-terminal amino acid of a polypeptide with an excess of a thioacylating reagent. After sufficient time to insure quantitative coupling and removal of excess reagent, the derivatized polypeptide is subjected to cleavage by acid which affords a 2-substituted-5(4H)-thiazolinone. After removal of excess acid, the thiazolinone is reacted with a small excess of a fluorescent or enhanced ultraviolet absorbance reagent having a reactive carboxylic acid chloride, sulfonic acid chloride, chloroformate, isocyanate or anhydride functionality, in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst, to yield the corresponding 5-O-acyl-2-(substituted)thiazole derivative, detectible by enhanced ultravoilet absorobance or fluorescence emission at extremely low concentration thereby providing a method of sequencing very small amounts of protein.

Abstract: A carrier for detecting drug abuse compounds which changes color upon contact with such compounds. Metabolites of abusable drugs such as natural opiates, i.e., morphine and heroin, are qualitatively and semi-quantitatively detected in physiological fluids by the use of the carrier which has been treated with certain stain-producing components adapted to react with the dug abuse compound residues to form colored products and which may be enhanced by intense light and/or heat.

Abstract: A method of preparing a sulfonamide-food color additive for detecting the presence of a compound such as a sulfonamide in animal feeds and pharmaceutical preparations for human or veterinary use involves admixing a minor amount of an approved food color additive with the compound in the presence of water and drying the resulting mixture to the desired form so as to incorporate the food color additive into the water of crystallization or other molecular structure of the compound. Upon being wetted, the resulting compound-food color additive produces a readily detectable color indicative of the presence of the compound. The method is particularly useful for detecting unacceptable levels of sulfonamides in animal feeds.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the presumptive identification of cocaine or heroin street drug comprising applying to a sample of the suspected drug a reagent which gives a characteristic color reaction in the presence of trace amounts of organic bases or acetic acid. The invention also provides a prepacked screening kit for illicit cocaine and heroin street drug if present, comprising a reagent which gives a characteristic color reaction in the presence of the trace amounts of organic bases or acetic acid in said illicit substances.

Abstract: The invention provides an aerosol spray reagent for the presumptive identification of cocaine, cocaine salts and phencyclidene comprising cobalt thiocyanate, a polyol, an aliphatic solvent, a nonionic emulsifier and a silicon antifoam agent, as well as providing a multi-reagent test kit for the presumptive identification of cocaine, cocaine salts and phencyclidene comprising a first aerosol spray reagent as defined and a second reagent which produces a color reaction in the presence of trace amounts of a diazotisable amine.

Abstract: A method for detecting basic narcotics or drugs in body fluids which comprises filtering body fluids through a cellulosic filtering means treated with a binding agent for the narcotics or drugs and the filtering means. The binding agent is a polycarboxylic acid. The narcotics or drugs are then treated with a subsequent reagent to produce a color reaction. A device for detecting basic narcotics or drugs in also disclosed which contains the filtering means treated with the binding agent so as to concentrate the narcotic or drug prior to reaction with a suitable indicator.

Abstract: A diagnostic test paper detects abuse-type drugs in a test specimen of a biological fluid. A particular method of making the diagnostic test paper includes impregnating a bibulous carrier material with the dry residue of a reagent reactive to abuse-type drugs. A particular method is used for screening a biological fluid to determine the presence of abuse-type drugs therein. A test specimen applying area is located on the bibulous carrier material adjacent one side of a concentrated reagent zone having a first color. A particular method of application and a specific syringe device is used to apply a test specimen that has been prepared under very precise conditions. The test specimen moves from the particular applying area into the concentrated reagent zone to produce the specific results of detecting the presence of abuse-type drugs therein. A novel solvent composition is used to prepare the test specimen applied to the bibulous carrier material of the invention.

Abstract: A method of forming analyzable adducts in a mixture of compounds by contacting the mixture with a boron reagent having the formula of either ##STR1## where each X and Y is, independently, an alkyl group of 12 or fewer carbons or an aryl group of 6-20 carbons; or BZ.sub.3, where each Z is, independently, an alkyl group of 12 or fewer carbons, or an aryl group of 6-20 carbons.

Abstract: An assay for Vitamin B.sub.12 deficiency by determining for a blood sample that essentially all of the Vitamin B.sub.12 is carried by a combination of TCI and TCIII and/or essentially no Vitamin B.sub.12 is carried by TCII. TCII may be conveniently separated from a combination of TCI and TCIII by precipitating TCII with silica. Vitamin B.sub.12 deficiency may be determined prior to the onset of anemia and/or nerve damage by determining a decrease in Vitamin B.sub.12 carried by TCII.

Abstract: A quantitative, sensitive method for monitoring low concentrations of isothiazolones in aqueous systems is provided. The method involves the adsorption of the isothiazolones on a suitable adsorbent, the desorption of the adsorbed isothiazolones, the breaking of the isothiazolone ring and the formation of a blue complex by the reaction of the broken isothiazolone ring with ferric chloride and potassium ferricyanide. The concentration of the isothiazolones is then determined by conventional colorimetric techniques.

Abstract: Serum is passed through a column containing alkylated silica gel. The column is then washed with a mixture comprising from about 50 to 85 volume percent of an aqueous buffered medium of pH from about 3.5 to 5.0 and from about 15 to 50 volume percent of an organic solvent containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and from 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The tricyclic antidepressant drug is removed from the column with an eluent mixture comprising from about 0 to 75 volume percent of an aqueous buffered medium of pH of about from 6 to 8 and from about 25 to 100 volume percent of one or more organic solvents containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and from 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. In this way, a tricyclic antidepressant drug sample, free from interfering metabolites, for use in assay determinations is obtained.

Abstract: A process and kit are provided for measuring chemical and physical stresses on the blood platelets of a human patient by measuring reduction in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and ADP (adenosine diphosphate) concentrations while measuring increases in the ATP degradation products HYPX (hypoxanthine) and AMP (adenosine monophosphate). The process is useful for measuring a human patient's risk to internal stress such as reduction in the size of blood vessels, to response to various environmental changes as well as to a variety of treatments including drug treatment, risk of malignant hyperthermia in response to anesthetic administration or in response to vascular or organ transplant.