Abstract: The invention relates to a connecting element for the electric connection of a solenoid valve to a circuit board, having a first electric contact element for electrically contacting the solenoid valve, a second electric contact element for electrically contacting the circuit board, and at least one tolerance adjusting element, and a related fluid assembly. According to the invention the connecting element is configured as one piece, and the first electric contact element and the second electric contact element are connected to each other via the at least one tolerance adjusting element. A first modifiable tolerance adjusting element enables a length adjustment in at least one spatial direction in order to predetermine a desired spatial positioning of the first contact element and the second contact element relative to each other.

Abstract: A cable fixture device for routing at least one cable element from a first location on the cable fixture device to a second location on the cable fixture device is provided. The cable fixture device includes a strip element and a plurality of pin elements disposed on at least one surface of the strip element. Each of the plurality of pin elements includes a stem element and a head element. The stem element of the each pin element is attached to the strip element. Further, each pin element is capable of elastic deformation and the at least one cable element is routed through the plurality of pin elements. The head elements of the plurality of pin elements prevent disengagement of the at least one cable element from the cable fixture device.

Abstract: An electrical contact includes a conductor extending along a length between a tail and a tip. The conductor has a front mating interface configured to be engaged by a mating component such that the conductor is deflected rearwardly by the mating component. A mechanical support beam is disposed along a rear of the conductor and is configured to provide mechanical support for the conductor to resist rearward deflection of the conductor. Electrical conductivity of the conductor is greater than electrical conductivity of the mechanical support beam. Mechanical strength of the mechanical support beam is greater than mechanical strength of the conductor. Optionally, a flexible substrate may be provided between the conductor and the mechanical support beam, where the conductor has a length that extends along at least a portion of the length of the conductor.

Abstract: An electrical contact includes a first contact pin, a second contact pin and an elastic member surrounding the first contact pin and the second contact pin. Both of the first contact pin and the second contact pin include contacting portions. The first contact pin has a guiding portion including two lead-in arms and a stop portion between the two leading arms. The second contact has a main body and a protrusion on a top end of the main body. The leading arms define a guiding groove therebetween for the main body of the second contact pin moving up and down. The protrusion abuts against the stop portion of the first contact pin to prevent the second contact from sliding out of the guiding groove.

Abstract: In terminals (10, 20) to be connected by inserting a tab (11) of one terminal (10) into a tubular portion (21) of the other terminal (20), a resiliently deformable resilient contact piece (23) is provided in the tubular portion (21) and includes a contact portion (24) to be brought into contact with the tab (11) inserted into the tubular portion (21), and a groove (13) is formed in a part of the contact portion (24) to be brought into sliding contact with the tab (11) or in a part of the tab (11) to come into sliding contact with the contact portion (24), both lateral edges (13S) of the groove (13) extending in oblique directions with respect to an inserting direction of the tab (11).

Abstract: This invention is about the electric connector and its processing technique. More specifically, it involves terminals with puncture structure, electric connector and their processing technique. The processing technique herein includes stamping terminal processing, winding displacement processing, injection upper cover, injecting lower cover, piercing processing, removal of material ribbon, front glue chip assembly, assembly of outer metal shell. Among them, the upper cover and lower cover are injected and molded in the middle and rear of the corresponding terminals in array. The processing technique has tackled the problems as unstable contact, poor contact, high electric resistance and micromation which cannot be solved by the current existing electric connector. There should be at least two tusks whose tips are intertwined molded in the electric connector of piercing terminal. The tusks are the pyramid shape with a cambered surface in the inner side; it reduces the electric resistance of electric connector.

Abstract: A connector system that connects cables to terminals of an electrical device. The connector system includes a first cable connector for terminating a first cable, a first terminal connector mateable with the first cable connector, a second cable connector for terminating a second cable, and a second terminal connector mateable with the second cable connector. The first terminal connector is configured to connect to a first terminal of the electrical device, and the second terminal connector is configured to connect to a second terminal of the electrical device. The first cable connector and the second cable connector are different so that the first cable connector is not mateable with the second terminal connector and the second cable connector is not mateable with the first terminal connector.

Abstract: A contact member includes a body part formed by providing a belt-shaped part in a substantially ring shape; an internal circumferential side contact part provided at one end of the body part and situated at an internal circumferential side of the contact member; and an external circumferential side contact part provided at another end of the body part and situated at an external circumferential side of the contact member.

Abstract: LGA connectors are fabricated with buttons or spring contacts preformed to different heights to accommodate the initial topography of a typical module or PCB of a particular product type. This is accomplished during fabrication by measuring topographies of mating surfaces of a first electronic device and of a second electronic device; fabricating interposer contacts to form opposing non-planar sides having respective inverse topographies for contacting the mating surfaces; and sandwiching the interposer between the first and second electronic devices with the opposing sides in contact with respective mating surfaces. For those LGA types made by molding techniques such as the metal-in-polymer type (eg. Tyco Electronics MPI, or Shin Etsu RP) or the Metal-on-Elastomer type (IBM), using molds with the desired topography provides the desired LGA topography.

Abstract: A telecommunications connector is provided for establishing a connection between a telecommunications device. The telecommunications cable connector comprises at least one male connector having at least one conductor wrapped in a helical fashion along the entire length of the contact portion of the male connector, at least one female connector having an intermating contact surface compatible with said at least one helically wrapped conductor of the male connector, and at least one shield element for shielding the contact established between said at least one helically wrapped conductor of the male connector and the intermating contact surface of the female connector.

Abstract: A DC power output insert connector assembly of a power supply includes: a fixed base; insert connectors coupled with the fixed base, each including terminal slots; and conducting plates, each including at least one conducting terminal and a connecting terminal extended from an end of the conducting terminal, and the conducting plate is coupled with the fixed base and the insert connector, such that the conducting terminal is installed into the terminal slot and the connecting terminal is exposed from the fixed base. With the assembly of the fixed base and the insert connectors, and the conducting plate, the DC power output insert connector can be manufactured easily, and the manufacturing time and cost can be lowered. The invention also waives the soldering operation to comply with the environmental protection requirements, so as to lower the manufacturing and assembling costs and improve the competitiveness of the product.

Abstract: A press-fit terminal that is press-fit forward into a receiving passageway formed in an insulator. The press-fit terminal having a fixing section and a plurality of projections. The plurality of projections positioned along the fixing section and protruding in a direction crossing a press-fit direction of the press-fit terminal. Each of the plurality of projections interfere with inner surfaces of the receiving passageway when the press-fit terminal is press-fit, and are aligned in the press-fit direction. Tips of the plural projections and depressions between the plural projections in the fixing section are both rounded, and each of the plural projections has such a shape that slopes forward of the respective tips are slanted more gently than slopes backward of the respective tips.

Abstract: This terminal includes a folded contact section which has a longitudinal junction line and defines contact surfaces, a securing section, suitable to be accommodated in a terminal accommodating chamber of an insulating housing, and an intermediate section extending between said contact section and securing section. The intermediate section is deformed in torsion around the longitudinal axis (X), whereby the junction line is angularly offset from the contact surfaces around the longitudinal axis (X). The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing such a terminal, and to an electrical connector including such a terminal.

Abstract: A male terminal 10 has a wire connecting portion 13 at one end to be connected to an electric wire, and an inserting contact portion 12 at another end to be inserted into a female terminal 30. A plate member of the inserting contact portion 12 is bent to have a U-shape cross section. The female terminal 30 has a terminal energizing portion 31 composed of a high conductivity material having a frame structure for accommodating the male terminal 10, a terminal box 32 composed of a material having a strength higher than that of the high conductivity material of the terminal energizing portion 31 for covering the terminal energizing portion 31, and a spring 33 located within the terminal energizing portion 31 for fixing the male terminal 10. The spring 33 is formed integrally with the terminal box 32.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube contact structure can be used for making pressure connections to a DUT. The contact structure can be formed using a carbon nanotube film or with carbon nanotubes in solution. The carbon nanotube film can be grown in a trench in a sacrificial substrate in which a contact structure such as a beam or contact element is then formed by metal plating. The film can also be formed on a contact element and have metal posts dispersed therein to provide rigidity and elasticity. Contact structures or portions thereof can also be plated with a solution containing carbon nanotubes. The resulting contact structure can be tough, and can provide good electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A contactor includes: a silicon layer composing a part of beam part with a rear end side provided at a base part and with a front end side sticking out from the base part; SiO2 layer as an insulating layer formed on the silicon layer; and a conductive layer formed on the SiO2 layer.

Abstract: The disclosure herein describes embodiments of a cable connector that can be easily attached at a variety of points along the length of a cable as desired by a user for a particular application. The cable connector can easily be secured to the cable by snapping or otherwise securing the base and cover of the connector around the cable. The cable connector can include a device interface for coupling an electronic device to the cable connector. The cable connector can supply a power and control signal to the coupled device via terminals adapted to pierce the insulation on the cable and contact the conductors inside. The terminals of the cable connector can sever at least one of the conductors of the cable, disrupting the flow of current through the conductor. The device interface can bridge the severed ends of the conductor to enable unabated current flow when a device is not coupled thereto or redirect the current through an electronic device coupled to the interface.

Abstract: An electrical contact configuration having a test contact point and a contacting element belonging to a testing device for manually touch-contacting the test contact point. The test contact point is a recess, and the contacting element has a contact region producing at least one line contact with the recess.

Abstract: An electrical connector including a first connection section adapted to connect the electrical connector to a first conductor; and a second connection section connected to the first connection section. The second connection section includes a lug having a hole configured to be located onto a mounting post. The second connection section has a substantially straight shape with the electrical connector having a first predetermined product safety certification. The second connection section includes a recess on a top side forming a weakened line across the second connection section for bending the second connection section at the weakened line from the substantially straight shape to a bent shape forming a modified electrical connector having a second different predetermined product safety certification.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods associated with wired drill pipe having conductive end connections are described. In one described example, an end connector for use with drill pipe includes a generally cylindrical body having an outer shoulder and an inner shoulder. In the described example, the outer shoulder is to engage a shoulder of a drill pipe to be coupled to the body to provide an electrically conductive connection between the body and the drill pipe, and the inner shoulder is to engage an end of the drill pipe. The example end connector also includes a generally cylindrical electrical connector rigidly coupled to the cylindrical body to form at least a portion of the inner shoulder. The generally cylindrical electrical connector is substantially electrically insulated from the cylindrical body and is to contact the end of the drill pipe to provide an electrically conductive connection between the electrical connector and the end of the drill pipe.

Abstract: A cable assembly (100) includes at least two connectors (10, 20), each connector including an insulated housing (11) and a plurality of power contacts (115) supported by the insulated housing; two printed circuit boards (12, 22) respectively disposed rearward of the two connectors, and tail portions of the power contacts respectively soldered to the two printed circuit boards; and a plurality of power wires (14, 24) including one set of the power wires each having two opposite ends soldered to the two printed circuit board to connected the two connector (10, 20) together and the other set of power wires soldered to one of the two printed circuit board and further adapted for coupling to a power source such that the two connectors are capable of being powered by same power transmitting lines.

Abstract: An electrical contact terminal used for an electrical connector, includes a planar vertical base portion (20) having a front main face and a pair of lateral side edges, a solder portion (21) extending downwardly from the base portion, a U-shaped resilient arm (29) connecting to one lateral side edge of the base portion. The U-shaped resilient arm has a pair of contact portions defining therebetween a slot extending along a direction parallel to the front main face for receiving a complementary pin.

Abstract: A microsystem comprising a substrate having an aperture formed therethrough. The aperture includes a first cross-section and a second cross-section—the first cross-section being smaller than the second cross-section to define a ledge therebetween. A probe member is disposed within the aperture of the substrate, such that a backend of the probe member defines a cross-section that is greater than the first cross-section of the aperture and smaller than the second cross-section such that the probe member engages the ledge. A plurality of probe shanks extend from the probe member. Each of the probe shanks includes a plurality of leads disposed there along. Each of the leads extending from the probe shanks to an opposing side of the probe member.

Abstract: A device for electrically grounding an access floor panel to a floor panel support in contact with a ground including a clip fastened to the floor panel, the clip compressible against the support when the floor panel is placed against the support.

Abstract: A connector has terminal fittings (20) with a touching section (41) to be held in contact with a mating terminal (30) and a housing (10) formed with press-in holes (14, 14A), into which the terminal fittings (20) are pressed. The terminal fittings (20) are pressingly held in the housing (10) after the touching sections (41) pass through the press-in holes (14, 14A). A part of the inner surface of each press-in hole (14, 14A) of the housing (10) corresponding to a passage area of the touching section (41) is shaped to be gradually distanced from the passage area towards an apex (62, 62A) at a widthwise middle part (65) of the passage area. Accordingly, mutual abrasion of the touching section (41) and the inner surface of the press-in hole (14, 14A) can be avoided when the touching section (41) passes through the press-in hole (14, 14A).

Abstract: An electrical connector includes a base having a plurality of through holes, and a plurality of conducting pins respectively located in the through holes. There is a convex block located at the side wall of the base for each of the through holes. Each of the conducting pins has an arm portion. The arm portion and the convex block are located at the same side. The arm portion has a through opening, and one end of the arm portion is bent and extended to form a contacting portion. The contacting portion has an opening that links with the through opening to form a channel that makes the convex block pass through the channel without interference. Because of the lack of interference, the conducting pin will not be damaged due to contact with the convex block when the conducting pin is installed into the through hole.

Abstract: A contact capable of facilitating adjustment of impedance and ensuring a high holding force when held in a housing. To a contact portion capable of being brought into contact with a pad on a module substrate, a spring portion is connected for pressing the contact portion against the pad. A press-fitting portion that is press-fitted into the housing is connected to the spring portion, and has a connecting portion connected thereto. A terminal portion to be connected to a pad on a motherboard is connected to the connecting portion. The spring portion is bent in a manner folded back from the rear end of the press-fitting portion in the inserting direction, toward a front side in the inserting direction. The connecting portion extends from the rear end of the press-fitting portion in the inserting direction, toward a rear side in the inserting direction.

Abstract: A support portion of an elastic contactor is located in a fixed region surrounded by a plurality of openings on a contact sheet. The support portion extends over the substantially entire fixed region and along the outer rims of the surrounding openings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell connector (CC) for electrical contacting of planar current sources, the cell connector being able to be contacted electrically with the current source merely in regions. The cell connector thereby comprises at least one electrically conductive layer which is configured as a transit region and via contact regions which constitute merely a fraction with respect to the total surface area of the transit region is contacted with the current source.

Abstract: A device package structure includes: a base body having a conductive connection portion and a level difference portion; a device arranged on the base body, having a connection terminal electrically connected to the conductive connection portion via the level difference portion on the base body; and a connector electrically connecting the connection terminal and the conductive connection portion, having substantially the same height as a height of the level difference portion.

Abstract: A connector for connecting to at least a cable (5), includes an insulated housing (2); a plurality of contacts (31, 32) supported by the insulated housing (2), said contacts including at least two pairs of signal contacts (31) and at least a grounding contact (32); said signal contacts (31) divided into two juxtaposed differential contact pairs (310); each of the differential contact pairs (310) including a first signal contact (310A) and a second signal contact (310B) juxtaposed closely to each other; each of the first and second signal contacts (310A, 310B) having a retention portion, a mating portion extending forward from the retention portion and a tail portion extending rearward from the retention portion, and a first side (3101) and a second side (3103) which are divergent from a front segment of the retention portion to an free end of the mating portion such that a first distance (30?) between the retention portions of two adjacent differential contact pairs of signal contacts is smaller than a second

Abstract: Provided is a contact pin with a solder cup. The solder cup is formed directly from the contact pin by a manufacturing process. The manufacturing process includes the steps of providing a wire, securing the wire in a carrier structure, cutting the wire to a predetermined length to form a contact, coining a first end of the contact to a predetermined thickness and forming the first end of the contact into a solder cup.

Abstract: This terminal includes a folded contact section which has a longitudinal junction line and defines contact surfaces, a securing section, suitable to be accommodated in a terminal accommodating chamber of an insulating housing, and an intermediate section extending between said contact section and securing section. The intermediate section is deformed in torsion around the longitudinal axis (X), whereby the junction line is angularly offset from the contact surfaces around the longitudinal axis (X). The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing such a terminal, and to an electrical connector including such a terminal.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator arrangement (30) for use in a fuel injector (2), the actuator arrangement (30) comprising a stack (36) of one or more piezoelectric elements for receipt with an fluid chamber (12) of the injector (2), electrode means for generating an electric field within the stack (36), in use, and an electrical connector arrangement (42) for electrically connecting the electrode means to an external power supply, in use. The connector arrangement (42) comprises a first portion (60) in the form of a, base member, and a second portion (62) in the form of a body member, that are mutually arranged to form an articulated joint so as to provide the first portion (60) with at least one degree of freedom relative” to the second portion (62).

Abstract: An audio jack for receiving a mating plug, comprises insulative housing defining a longitudinal plug-insertion hole therethrough and having a top wall, a bottom wall, a first sidewall, a second sidewall and a rear wall; set of contacts assembled on the insulative housing and including a contact terminal 6 and a stable contact 7, wherein the contact terminal 6 and the stable contact 7 are inserted successively to the rear wall of the insulative housing The contact terminal 6 comprised a base portion 60, a first spring arm 66 extending from an end of the base 60 and having a contact engaging portion 67 located above the base portion 60; and a reinforce arm 65 extending from the base 60 and having a portion located substantially under the contact engaging portion 67 thereby increasing its normal force.

Abstract: A contact for connecting a wire to a terminal has a contact part engageable with the terminal and defining a main plane, and a wire part formed unitarily with the contact part and forming in an open position a seat offset from the plane and adapted to receive the wire and lying in a closed position coplanar with the contact part.

Abstract: Microelectronic contact structures are fabricated by separately forming, then joining together, various components thereof. Each contact structure has three components: a “post” component, a “beam” component, and a “tip” component. The resulting contact structure, mounted to an electronic component, is useful for making an electrical connection with another electronic component. The post component can be fabricated on a sacrificial substrate, joined to the electronic component and its sacrificial substrate removed. Alternatively, the post component can be formed on the electronic component. The beam and tip components can each be fabricated on a sacrificial substrate. The beam component is joined to the post component and its sacrificial substrate is removed, and the tip component is joined to the beam component and its sacrificial substrate is removed.

Abstract: An electrical contact (1) includes an upper extending portion (11), a lower extending portion (12) and a bridge portion (13). The upper extending portion includes a first contact portion (111), a C-shaped connecting portion (1121) connecting with the first contact portion and a tail portion (1122) extending downwardly from a free end of the C-shaped connecting portion. The lower extending portion includes a second contact portion (121), a vertical portion (1222) and an inclined portion (1221) connecting with the second contact portion and the vertical portion. The bridge portion is integrally formed between the tail portion and the vertical portion. One of the upper extending portion and the lower extending portion rotates around the bridge portion.

Abstract: An elongate electrical contact element (1) for physically contacting electrical components under test, having two electrical contacting end regions (2, 3) and an elongate intermediate region (4) situated between the end regions (2, 3). The intermediate region (4) has an essentially rectangular cross-section and is configured lamellar along its longitudinal extent. Also disclosed is a corresponding contacting apparatus (22) including such a contact element (1) and a contact element holder (23).

Abstract: A solar panel junction box and components thereof including a plurality of generally L-shaped connecting elements, each comprising a conductive member with a flat section and a first angular section. The first angular section having a resilient cut-out connecting member forming an electrical contact and the flat section having one or more retaining slots for receiving an electronic component terminal. The junction box further includes a plate having rectangular extensions for retaining and positioning solar ribbon and cylindrical extensions for positioning the plate with respect to a base which has cylindrical receptacles for receiving the cylindrical extensions and also has a channel section for edgewise accommodation of the connecting element and compartment areas which position the diodes adjacent the respective retaining slots.

Abstract: An interconnect for connecting a needle electrode to a neurological testing device, the interconnect comprising: a needle-side connector and a device-side connector, wherein the needle-side connector and the device-side connector have complementary aspects so as to ensure that the correct needle electrode is used with a given neurological testing device. A method for connecting a needle electrode to a neurological testing device, the method comprising: providing an interconnect comprising a needle-side connector and a device-side connector, wherein the needle-side connector and the device-side connector have complementary aspects so as to ensure that the correct needle electrode is used with a given neurological testing device; and connecting the needle-side connector to the device-side connector.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a female electrical terminal includes, according to one embodiment, blanking of strip of conductive material and forming a wire connecting portion to receive an electrical wire. The blank may include a contact arm extending into an area adjacent the wire connecting portion. The contact arm extends into this area from a terminal connecting portion at a predetermined angle. The contact arm may be straightened and folded prior to bending the terminal connecting portion into a tubular member for receiving the tab of a male terminal. The step of straightening the contact arm can be performed using a special coining process that applies pressure to the conductive material around the shoulder causing the conductive material to flow within a confined area allowing the contact arm to be straightened.

Abstract: A male terminal 10 has a wire connecting portion 13 at one end to be connected to an electric wire, and an inserting contact portion 12 at another end to be inserted into a female terminal 30. A plate member of the inserting contact portion 12 is bent to have a U-shape cross section. The female terminal 30 has a terminal energizing portion 31 composed of a high conductivity material having a frame structure for accommodating the male terminal 10, a terminal box 32 composed of a material having a strength higher than that of the high conductivity material of the terminal energizing portion 31 for covering the terminal energizing portion 31, and a spring 33 located within the terminal energizing portion 31 for fixing the male terminal 10. The spring 33 is formed integrally with the terminal box 32.

Abstract: A male terminal 10 has a wire connecting portion 13 at one end to be connected to an electric wire, and an inserting contact portion 12 at another end to be inserted into a female terminal 30. A plate member of the inserting contact portion 12 is bent to have a U-shape cross section. The female terminal 30 has a terminal energizing portion 31 composed of a high conductivity material having a frame structure for accommodating the male terminal 10, a terminal box 32 composed of a material having a strength higher than that of the high conductivity material of the terminal energizing portion 31 for covering the terminal energizing portion 31, and a spring 33 located within the terminal energizing portion 31 for fixing the male terminal 10. The spring 33 is formed integrally with the terminal box 32.

Abstract: A charging system comprises a power pad and compatible circuitry on devices to be charged, including contacts in a constellation pattern that interface with conductive strips on the pad to ensure power transfer regardless of orientation. Safety and control circuitry provide spark suppression and short protection.

Abstract: A contact comprises a contact body at least provided with an arm region extending in the right-left direction, and a tip region extending downward from the front end portion of the arm region. The tip region is provided with a pedestal portion integrally continuous to the lower edge portion on the front end side of the arm region, and a contact portion projecting downward from the lower end portion of the pedestal portion and having a tip to be brought into contact with an electrode of a device under test at the lower end. The pedestal portion includes an underside region having at least four inclined faces located around the contact portion when the tip region is seen from below, and inclined such that a portion closer to the side of the contact portion becomes lower.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power socket, comprises: at least two metal pins respectively and integratedly formed by punching and bending a solid round-column shaped metal wire, so one end of each of the metal pins is defined as a solid round-column shaped contact section, and the other end of each of the metal pins is defined as a flat terminal section, and the top end of each of the contact sections is provided with an arc-shaped head section; and an insulating seat member which is a solid member formed via an operation of plastic injecting formation, the insulating seat member is served to cover and retained the at least two metal pins, so a connecting hole is formed on one surface of the seat member for accommodating and positioning the at least two round-column shaped contact sections, the other surface of the seat member is served to let the at least two flat terminal sections expose outside.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrical connector and a method for providing transmit and receive electrical signal contacts to reduce or minimize total crosstalk. Such methods may be particularly suitable for connectors having larger near-end crosstalk aggressors than far-end crosstalk aggressors. The electrical signal contacts may be subdivided on a substrate, such as a midplane PCB, and through the opposing connectors, such that the transmitting contacts are all on one side of the connector and the receiving contacts are on the other side of the connector, with a buffer between them. The buffer may comprise a plurality of “dummy” or “buffer” contacts, which may be unassigned or devoid of electrical connectivity. This is one step beyond the primary assignment of contacts as single-ended or differential signal contacts. The contacts themselves may also receive a secondary assignment according to their desired transmitting, receiving, or buffering function.

Abstract: An electrical connector with a reference contact for improved shielding. The contact provides multiple points of contact between members in the ground structure of two mating connectors. The points of contact are arranged to provide desirable current flow in the signal paths and ground structures of the connectors. The contact is stamped from a shield plate and has multiple elongated members that provide spring force for adequate electrical connection. The elongated members are curved to position the points of contact with the desired orientation. Such a contact structure may be used alone or in combination with other compliant structures providing further points of contact.

Abstract: A composite spring contact structure includes a structural component and a conduction component distinct from each other and having differing mechanical and electrical characteristics. The structural component can include a group of carbon nanotubes. A mechanical characteristic of the composite spring contact structure can be dominated by a mechanical characteristic of the structural component, and an electrical characteristic of the composite spring contact structure can be dominated by an electrical characteristic of the conduction component. Composite spring contact structures can be used in probe cards and other electronic devices. Various ways of making contact structures are also disclosed.