Abstract: Use of a liquid fuel composition in an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine containing a lubricating composition for lubricating said internal combustion engine, wherein the liquid fuel composition comprises at least one nitrogen-containing detergent additive, for the purpose of reducing engine wear caused by the presence of soot in the lubricating composition.

Abstract: A community system includes an ammonia-hydrogen converter that is arranged in an industrial area and that converts ammonia to hydrogen.

Abstract: A community system includes an ammonia-hydrogen converter that is arranged in an industrial area and that converts ammonia to hydrogen.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system includes an arrangement for conveying an exhaust gas stream and a thermodynamic engine connected to the exhaust gas stream conveying arrangement for recovery of heat from the exhaust gas stream. The thermodynamic engine includes a working fluid circulation circuit. The exhaust gas system includes at least one working fluid release arrangement which is connected between the working fluid circulation circuit and the exhaust, gas conveying arrangement for releasing the working fluid from the working fluid circulation circuit to the exhaust gas conveying arrangement. The exhaust gas stream conveying arrangement includes at least one exhaust gas treatment unit. Further, the working fluid release arrangement is connected upstream of or directly to the exhaust gas treatment unit.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition comprises (a) a Mannich reaction product and (b) a polyetheramine where the weight ratio on an actives basis of component (a) to component (b) is 1:4-10. A fuel composition and a method for removing intake valve deposits and combustion chamber deposits in a spark-ignited internal combustion engine comprise the fuel additive composition which is very effective in removing the deposits.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a liquid fuel and production process thereof, the liquid fuel comprises dialkyl carbonates with the structural formula of wherein R and R? are same or different, and R and R? are selected from the group consisting of C1-C8 linear chain alkyl, C3-C8 branched chain alkyl, C3-C8 naphthene base and alkyl containing furan ring. The process of the production of the liquid fuel comprises the steps of: performing a cycloaddition reaction between 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran produced by hydrogenation from furfural which is a biomass derivative and carbon dioxide to produce a cyclic carbonate (i.e. 1,4-pentanediol carbonate), then performing an ester exchange reaction between the cyclic carbonate and monohydric alcohol to produce the dialkyl carbonate. The liquid fuel produced is clean, safe and biodegradable, and the process provides a new way for industrial production of the dialkyl carbonate with remarkable economic and social benefit.

Abstract: High octane unleaded aviation gasoline having low aromatics content and a T10 of at most 75° C., T40 of at least 75° C., a T50 of at most 105° C., a T90 of at most 135° C., a final boiling point of less than 210° C., an adjusted heat of combustion of at least 43.5 MJ/kg, a vapor pressure in the range of 38 to 49 kPa and a freezing point of less than ?58° C. is provided.

Abstract: A quaternary ammonium salt detergent made from the reaction product of the reaction of: (a) polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and (b) a quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen and the use of such quaternary ammonium salt detergents in a fuel composition to reduce intake valve deposits.

Abstract: A diesel fuel formulation is provided containing (i) a fatty acid alkyl ester (FAAE), in particular a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), (ii) diethyl carbonate (DEC) and (iii) an additional diesel fuel component. Also provided is a diesel fuel supplement containing a FAAE and DEC. The inclusion of DEC, in a FAAE or in a diesel fuel formulation containing a FAAE, increase the stability of one or more glycerides present in the FAAE, and/or reduce the concentration of a stability-enhancing additive in the FAAE or fuel formulation, and/or reduce the amount of glyceride precipitates in the FAAE or fuel formulation. The glycerides are in particular saturated monoglycerides.

Abstract: Provided herein are polypeptides having ketol-aid reductoisomerase activity as well as microbial host cells comprising such polypeptides. Polypeptides provided herein may be used in biosynthetic pathways, including, but not limited to, isobutanol biosynthetic pathways.

Abstract: The present invention provides a poly(hydroxycarboxylic acid) amide salt derivative having formula (III): [Y—CO[O-A-CO]n—Z—R+]mpXq? (III) wherein Y is hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group, A is a divalent optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group, n is from 1 to 100, preferably from 1 to 10, m is from 1 to 4, q is from 1 to 4 and p is an integer such that pq=m, Z is an optionally substituted divalent bridging group which is attached to the carbonyl group through a nitrogen atom, R+ is an ammonium group and Xq? is a non-sulphur-containing anion. Furthermore, the present invention provides a lubricating composition and a fuel composition containing the poly(hydroxycarboxylic acid) amide salt derivative and the use of the poly(hydroxycarboxylic acid) amide salt derivative for decreasing the phosphorus volatility of a fluid.

Abstract: A diesel fuel, diesel fuel additive concentrate and method for improving the performance of fuel injectors for a diesel engine are provided. The diesel fuel includes a major amount of middle distillate fuel; and a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride and an amine compound or salt. The amine compound has the formula wherein R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. The reaction product contains at least one amino triazole group and is present in the fuel in an amount sufficient to improve the performance of diesel fuel injectors.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a liquid fuel and production process thereof, the liquid fuel comprises dialkyl carbonates with the structural formula of wherein R and R? are same or different, and R and R? are selected from the group consisting of C1-C8 linear chain alkyl, C3-C8 branched chain alkyl, C3-C8 naphthene base and alkyl containing furan ring. The process of the production of the liquid fuel comprises the steps of: performing a cycloaddition reaction between 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran produced by hydrogenation from furfural which is a biomass derivative and carbon dioxide to produce a cyclic carbonate (i.e. 1,4-pentanediol carbonate), then performing an ester exchange reaction between the cyclic carbonate and monohydric alcohol to produce the dialkyl carbonate.

Abstract: An additive compound comprising a derivative of particular fatty acids and polyamines has been found to be friction reducing, and particularly readily miscible in fuels and lubricants. The fatty acid has more than 12 carbon atoms and at least one carboxylic group. The polyamine residue has more than two nitrogen atoms. The mole ratio of the carboxylic groups to nitrogen atoms used to form the compound is greater than 0.8 carboxylic groups per 1 nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention provides highly fluorescent markers, made from a reactive polymer and an isocyanate, that fluoresce in the ultraviolet or near infrared region without being visible to the human eye at low concentrations in the fluid or article being marked. The molecular weight and fluorescence emission wavelength of these highly fluorescent marker compounds can be adjusted to provide a multitude of markers with unique fluorescence signatures.

Abstract: Diesel fuel formulation is provided containing (i) FAME with ?50% w/w saturates, (ii) dialkyl carbonate (DAC) and (iii) an additional diesel fuel component. Also provided is a diesel fuel supplement containing FAME and DAC, for use in a diesel fuel formulation.

Abstract: The use of substituted monoureas, diureas, polyureas, monourethanes, bisurethanes or polyurethanes of the formula R1X—CO—NR3R4 in which X is R2N or O and R1 to R4 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl radicals, alkenyl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals, aryl radicals or arylalkyl radicals, where at least one variable must comprise 4 carbon atoms and where the urea or urethane functionality may be replicated via bridging members, for further improvement of the cold flow properties of mineral oils and crude oils which already comprise further organic compounds suitable for dispersion or for promoting dispersion of paraffin crystals which precipitate under cold conditions, and organic compounds which improve the cold flow characteristics of mineral oils and crude oils.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a fluid mixture composition is used at least in part as a fuel for engine-powered transportation vehicles, the mixture comprising an initial concentration of an ammonia-like reductant component and an initial concentration of an ammonia-like carrier component. The mixture may also include an optional third hydrocarbon component, e.g., gasoline or diesel fuel, with modified properties when compared to conventional gasolines or diesel fuels. The mixture is separated into a first and a second stream, with the majority of the first stream being used as a fuel for the engine and at least a first portion of the second stream being injected into the engine exhaust gases to reduce NOx emissions. A second portion of the second stream is aspirated into the engine and a lean air/fuel ratio may be used to improve fuel efficiency.

Abstract: The use of the reaction product formed from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof and a nitrogen compound I or a salt thereof as an additive in a fuel for reducing fuel consumption in gasoline engines.

Abstract: Fuel formulation, such as a gasoline or diesel fuel formulation, containing a dialkyl carbonate (DAC) having 6 or more carbon atoms is provided.

Abstract: A diesel fuel formulation containing (i) a lower molecular weight dialkyl carbonate (DAC) selected from dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and mixtures thereof; (ii) di-n-butyl carbonate (DBC); and optionally (iii) an additional diesel fuel component is provided.

Abstract: Diesel fuel formulation is provided containing (i) FAME with ?50% w/w saturates, (ii) dialkyl carbonate (DAC) and (iii) an additional diesel fuel component. Also provided is a diesel fuel supplement containing FAME and DAC, for use in a diesel fuel formulation.

Abstract: A diesel fuel formulation is provided containing (i) a fatty acid alkyl ester (FAAE), in particular a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), (ii) diethyl carbonate (DEC) and (iii) an additional diesel fuel component. Also provided is a diesel fuel supplement containing a FAAE and DEC. The inclusion of DEC, in a FAAE or in a diesel fuel formulation containing a FAAE, increase the stability of one or more glycerides present in the FAAE, and/or reduce the concentration of a stability-enhancing additive in the FAAE or fuel formulation, and/or reduce the amount of glyceride precipitates in the FAAE or fuel formulation. The glycerides are in particular saturated monoglycerides.

Abstract: A diesel fuel, diesel fuel additive concentrate and method for improving the performance of fuel injectors for a diesel engine are provided. The diesel fuel includes a major amount of middle distillate fuel; and a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride and an amine compound or salt. The amine compound has the formula wherein R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. The reaction product contains at least one amino triazole group and is present in the fuel in an amount sufficient to improve the performance of diesel fuel injectors.

Abstract: A reduction in the formation or presence of peroxides in middle distillate fuels is obtained through the combination of a hydrocarbon additive with the fuel. Specifically, the middle distillate fuel is blended with one or more oxygenates. The hydrocarbon additive includes a polar function group and a tertiary hydrogen beta to the functional group. Middle distillate fuels incorporating the additive, the additive itself, and methods using the additive all retard the formation of or reduce the presence of peroxides in the fuel. The reduction of peroxides improves the durability of fuels systems elastomers, enhances fuel stability and color durability, and reduces the formation of fuel sediment.

Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.

Abstract: A fuel additive concentrate comprises a friction modifier selected from the group consisting of an alkoxylated fatty amine, a fatty acid or derivative thereof, and mixture thereof; an alcohol; and a compatibilizer selected from the group consisting of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid or anhydride or derivative there of, glycol ether, alkylated phenol, and a mixtures thereof wherein the fuel additive concentrate remains fluid at ?80 C or lower wherein the solvent has enough aromatic content to permit the fuel additive concentrate to be a fluid at minus 80 C. A fuel composition comprises fuel and the fuel additive concentrate. A method of operating a gasoline internal combustion engine comprises fueling the engine with the fuel composition and is effective in reducing fuel consumption.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multifunctional additive enabling fuels to be operable in cold conditions, consisting of copolymers of at least a dicarboxylic compound with at least an olefin, and whereon are grafted nitrogenous functions and/or esters of general formula (I) wherein: R1 and R2, and R4 and R5, R3 and R6 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals, and x is selected among the amine salts and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines and their monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated derivatives, N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamine alkylesters and esters, and alkylamines and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines.

Abstract: A diese fuel composition containing a major proportion of at least one diesel fuel and a minor proportion of at least one glycerol acetal carbonate of the formulae: in which: R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms that is aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic, an alkyl-ether chain, whereby R1 and R2 together can form an oxygenated heterocyclic radical; R3 is a radical that is defined as R1 or R2, except for the hydrogen atom, or a radical of the formula: where R1 and R2 are defined as above.

Abstract: The invention provides an additive concentrate which comprises an oil soluble hydrocarbyl poly(oxyalkylene) aminocarbamate having a number average molecular weight (Mn) in the range 600 to 10,000 having at least one basic nitrogen atom wherein said hydrocarbyl group contains 1-30 carbon atoms, and an oil soluble hydrocarbyl amine of formula R—NH2 wherein R represents a group R′ or a group R′—CH2—, wherein R′ represents a hydrocarbyl group having a number average molecular weight (Mn)in the range 750 to 6,000; a gasoline composition containing such additive concentrate; and its preparation; and a method of operating a spark-ignition engine using such gasoline composition.

Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.

Abstract: Specific esters of specific alkoxylated alcohols in combination with other cold flow improvers provide oils with improved low temperature properties.

Abstract: The scavenger for oxides of nitrogen to be used in gasoline solutions is ethyl carbamate also called urethane. This compound is not soluble in 100% gasoline but it is soluble in solutions of 90/10 v/v gasoline/ethanol, 90/10 v/v gasoline/methanol and 90/10 v/v gasoline/mixture of ethanol and methanol. A small percentage of water such as 5% by volume can be present in the alcohol so therefore, 190 proof ethanol can be used. The solutions of ethyl carbamate in the above blends of gasoline and alcohol are clear and stable both at room temperature and at sub-freezing temperatures such as −15° C.

Abstract: A method for controlling engine deposits in a direct injection spark ignition gasoline engine which comprises operating the engine with a fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and an effective deposit-controlling amount of a fuel additive composition comprising: (a) an aromatic ester compound of the formula: or a fuel soluble salt thereof, wherein R is hydroxy, nitro or —(CH2)x—NR5R6, wherein R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is 0 or 1; R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or —NR7R8, wherein R7 and R8 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and R4 is a polyalkyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of about 450 to 5,000; and (b) a poly(oxyalkylene) amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the p

Abstract: Smoke and nitrogen oxide in exhaust gases of diesel engines are reduced by burning a diesel fuel composition having a major portion of diesel fuel and 0.1 to 40 vol. % of a carbonic acid diester of the formula: in which R represents a lower hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in a diesel engine by injecting the diesel fuel composition into a crank case at an injection timing of 17 to 2° CA, preferably, 14 to 8° CA, in terms of BTDC. EGR (exhaust gas recirculation system) is advantageously employable.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an additive concentrate for reducing octane requirement comprising a cyclic amide alkoxylate compound of the formula I: wherein x is from 3 to 11; y is from 1 to 50; R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and substituted hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms; R3 is hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms or substituted hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms; each R4 is independently hydrocarbyl of 2 to 100 carbon atoms or substituted hydrocarbyl of 2 to 100 carbon atoms; R5 is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, substituted hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms or acyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; a detergent selected from polyalkenylamines, Mannich amines, polyalkenylsuccinimides, poly(oxyalkylene) carbamates and poly(alkenyl)-N-substituted carbamates and an optional solvent.

Abstract: Aminocarbamates of polyalkylphenoxyalkanols having the formula: wherein R is a polyalkyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of about 600 to 5,000; R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and A is a polyamine moiety having at least one basic nitrogen atom, wherein the polyamine is connected to the carbonyl group through one of its nitrogen atoms to form a carbamate linkage. The compounds of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and a fuel consumption reducing amount of a fuel additive composition comprising: (a) at least one amine compound selected from the group consisting of: (1) a fuel-soluble aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom where the hydrocarbyl group has a number average molecular weight of about 700 to 3,000, and (2) a poly(oxyalkylene)amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the poly(oxyalkylene)amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range; and (b) an ester of a carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, wherein the carboxylic acid has from one to about four carboxylic acid groups and from about 8 to about 50 carbon atoms and the polyhydric alcohol has from about 2 to about 50 carbon atoms and from about 2 to about 6 hydroxy groups.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel range and a fuel additive composition comprising (a) about 15 to 2,000 parts per million by weight of an aromatic ester of a polyalkylphenoxyalkanol, (b) about 30 to 2,000 parts per million by weight of a poly(oxyalkylene) amine, and (c) about 30 to 2,000 parts per million by weight of an aromatic di- or tri-carboxylic acid ester; wherein the total amount of components (a) and (b) is at least about 70 parts per million by weight, and further wherein the weight ratio of component (c) to the total amount of components (a) and (b) is at least about 0.25 to 1. The fuel compositions of this invention are useful for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: A hydrocarbyl polyoxyalkylene urethane of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl, an alicyclic or an alkylalicyclic radical having from about 4 to about 30 carbon atoms or an alkylaryl where the alkyl group is from about 4 to about 30 carbon atoms; x is an integer from 0 to about 5, y is an integer from 1 to about 49, z is an integer from 1 to about 49 and the sum of x+y+z is equal to 3 to about 50; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each is different and is an alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and each oxyalkylene radical can be any combination of repeating oxyalkylene units to form block or random copolymers; R.sup.4 is the same as R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 ; R.sup.5 is hydrogen or ##STR2## where R.sup.7 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and R.sup.

Abstract: Aminocarbamates of polyalkyl or polyalkenyl N-hydroxyalkyl succinimides having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel soluble salt thereof; wherein R is a polyalkyl or polyalkenyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of about 450 to about 5,000;n is an integer from 2 to 5; andA is a polyamine moiety having at least one basic nitrogen atom, wherein the polyamine is connected to he carbonyl group through one of its nitrogen atoms to form a carbamate linkage.The compounds of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: A method to prevent intake valve sticking, or to reduce or eliminate intake valve sticking when it has already occurred, in an internal combustion engine which comprises contacting the engine intake valves with a fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and an amount effective to prevent, reduce or eliminate intake valve sticking of a hydrocarbyl poly(oxyalkylene) aminocarbamate having at least one basic nitrogen atom and an average molecular weight of about 500 to about 10,000, and wherein the hydrocarbyl group has from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A fuel additive which comprises a compound selected from a novel amine, oxygen-containing and nitrogen-containing compounds having selected structures. The inventive additive when blended with a gasoline serves to suppress sludge or deposits in fuel intake systems or combustion chambers for example of an automobile engine.

Abstract: The invention provides certain carbonates which have been prepared by reacting alkylamines with dialkylcarbonates and/or alkylene carbonates, and their use as friction reducing additives in fuels and lubes.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition comprising:(a) a polyalkylphenoxyaminoalkane having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel soluble salt thereof, wherein R is a polyalkyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of about 600 to 5,000;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; andA is amino, N-alkyl amino having about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, N,N-dialkyl amino having about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, or a polyamine moiety having about 2 to about 12 amine nitrogen atoms and about 2 to about 40 carbon atoms; and(b) a poly(oxyalkylene) amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the poly(oxyalkylene) amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel fuel range.The fuel additive compositions of this invention are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: The invention concerns a composite additive for diesel fuel for engine driven vehicles containing Dimethylcarbonate, ethylic aldehyde and ethyl nitrate mixed together. The composite additive is added to the diesel fuel in an effective quantity from 4 to 5 v/v % to improve the combustion of said diesel fuel in endothermic Diesel cycle engines.

Abstract: A fuel additive comprising a urethane compound. A gasoline composition comprising gasoline blended with a urethane compound to suppress sludge or deposits in fuel intake systems or combustion chambers, such as an automobile engine.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition comprising: (a) an aromatic ester compound of the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel soluble salt thereof, wherein R is hydroxy, nitro or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --NR.sub.5 R.sub.6, wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is 0 or 1;R.sub.1, is hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or --NR.sub.7 R.sub.8, wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; andR.sub.4 is a polyalkyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of about 450 to 5,000; and(b) a poly(oxyalkylene) amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the poly(oxyalkylene) amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel fuel range.The fuel additive compositions of this invention are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: Reaction products of amino-alkylenecarboxylic acids with polyoxyalkylene compounds are used as paraffin dispersants for mineral oil middle distillates.

Abstract: Aminoaromatic ester polylactone aminocarbamates having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having from 1 to about 100 carbon atoms or an aralkyl or alkaryl group having from 7 to about 100 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is an alkylene group of about 2 to 5 carbon atoms;A is a polyamine moiety having at least one basic nitrogen atom;x is an integer from 1 to 25;and y is an integer from 0 to 6. The aminoaromatic ester polylactone aminocarbamates of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.