Abstract: A heater includes a first power pin and a second power pin made of dissimilar materials, and a resistive heating element made of a material different from those of the first and second power pins. The resistive heating element includes a first end electrically and directly connected to the first power pin to form a first thermocouple junction and a second end and electrically and directly connected to the second power pin to form a second thermocouple junction. The first and second power pins perform a dual function of supplying power to the resistive heating element and detecting changes in voltage at the first and second thermocouple junctions without interrupting the power supplied to the resistive heating element.

Abstract: A bonding arrangement and a method for the adhesive bonding of a position-sensitive element to a receiving body, in particular of an optical element, such as a semiconductor light source, a reflector, or the like, wherein a UV-curable adhesive is arranged between the position-sensitive element and the receiving body. Provision is made that the bond between the position-sensitive element and the receiving body has at least one cavity for accommodating the UV-curable adhesive and at least one retaining element that extends into the cavity and projects into the UV-curable adhesive. The cavity has a bottom section that is designed to be sufficiently thin-walled that the adhesive can be cured with UV light that can be radiated through the bottom section.

Abstract: Employing capacitors as shunts in a decorative light string can prevent the circuit from being opened when a lamp burns out or becomes loose in the socket. But manually assembling such a light string is costly and the quality of the resulting string is not assured to be high. The present disclosure introduces a shunted light string, and a method of assembling that light string that is able to be automated to ensure a consistent quality level by reducing or eliminating human workmanship issues.

Abstract: A welding technique closely contacting a light transmissive second member to a first member and radiating deflection-controlled laser light from a second member side to weld both first and second members at a weld interface thereof. A reflectance reducing means is formed by an incident angle adjusting step provided in a cover plate that is disposed on a light radiating surface side of the second member. The reflectance reducing means reduces incident angles of the light at the light radiating surfaces of the first and second members, thus reducing the reflection loss of the laser light at the light radiating surfaces and improving the welding efficiency.

Abstract: Operation to produce an intermediate product for a crucible for a LUWPL is as follows: a) a body 2 is preheated and placed on a support, with its bore concentric with a tube 4 supported in a chuck and connected to a inflation means; b) the tube is heated with the chuck being rotated for evenness of heating; c) when the temperature of the tube is detected to be the softening point of the quartz of the tube, its rotation is stopped and it is advanced into a bore 3 in the body 2; d) advance is stopped when the distal, sealed end is detected to have reached a determined protrusion 18; e) simultaneously with the advance being stopped, inflation gas is admitted into the tube, to inflate it albeit it marginally, and bring its outer surface 5 into intimate contact with the surface 6 of the bore 4.

Abstract: A resistor bypass circuit for a series lighting circuit includes a plurality of serially connected light sources and a bypass resistor being connected in parallel with at least one of the respective light sources, each respective light source being low wattage and being capable operating on a one hundred percent duty cycle as desired.

Abstract: An approach to activating a getter within a sealed vacuum cavity is disclosed. The approach uses inductive coupling from an external coil to a magnetically permeable material deposited in the vacuum cavity. The getter material is formed over this magnetically permeable material, and heated specifically thereby, leaving the rest of the device cavity and microdevice relatively cool. Using this inductive coupling technique, the getter material can be activated after encapsulation, and delicate structures and low temperature wafer bonding mechanisms may be used.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a lamp assembly, and particularly to a method of fixing a first light source and a second light source in a single lamp assembly. More specifically, the invention provides a lamp assembly and a mechanism for fixing at least two light sources therein, at least one of which is a compact fluorescent light source, an incandescent light source, or a halogen light source, and where the fixing mechanism used involves soldering the lead-in wires of the second light source to a printed circuit board of the lamp assembly, which is in operative connection with the lamp ballast.

Abstract: Simple, rapid and low-cost assembly methods of a LED lamp are provided. A standard lamp base having two electrodes and a cavity is soldered with a resistor to the first one of the electrodes, and then filled with a thermally conductive electric insulator in the cavity. A circuit board is attached onto the thermally conductive electric insulator and then soldered to the second electrode and the resistor. An LED device is soldered onto the circuit board such that the LED device and the resistor are serially connected between the electrodes. Preferably, the circuit board has a through hole through which a thermally conductive member is inserted into the thermally conductive electric insulator with its lower end, and the LED device is placed onto the upper end of the thermally conductive member.

Abstract: In a mercury-containing arc discharge device for converting electrical energy into resonance radiation energy, the isotopic distribution of the mercury in the device is altered from that of natural mercury so as to reduce imprisonment time of resonance radiation and thereby increase the efficiency of conversion of electrical energy into resonance radiation. The mercury-199 isotope content of the mercury is lower than that in natural mercury and the mercury-201 and/or mercury-204 isotopes are greater than those in natural mercury.

Abstract: A lamp including a plurality of light emitting devices and heat sinks can be configured to dissipate heat generated by the plurality of light emitting devices. The heat sinks can be branched into a generally Y-shaped configuration as viewed in a section that includes a primary optical axis of the vehicle lamp. One of the light emitting devices is connected to one of the branched parts of the heat sinks. Another light emitting device is connected to the other branched part of the heat sinks.

Abstract: An arc tube for a discharge bulb, comprising a sealed glass bulb in which luminous materials are sealed; a plurality of pinch-sealed portions made of quartz glass and formed at both end portions of the sealed glass bulb; a plurality of molybdenum foils each pinch sealed in the corresponding pinch-sealed portion; a pair of electrode rods provided in the sealed glass bulb so as to face each other, wherein each of electrode rods extends from the sealed glass bulb to the corresponding pinch-sealed portion and is connected to one end of the corresponding molybdenum foil; and a plurality of lead wires each connected to the other end of the corresponding molybdenum foil, wherein the molybdenum foils comprise a plurality of closed cavities therein.

Abstract: A photonic crystal incandescent light source comprising: a photonic crystal having a structure configured to reflect wavelengths from at least a portion of an infrared spectrum; and an incandescent central filament in the photonic crystal, causing the photonic crystal to transmit wavelengths from at least a portion of a visible spectrum; wherein the light source emits at least a portion of visible wavelengths and suppresses emission of at least a portion of infrared wavelengths.

Abstract: A method for producing a sealing region, into which an element is fused and which comprises a first sealing region section and a second sealing region section is provided. The method may include applying an encapsulation made of a material onto the element between the production of the first sealing region section and the production of the second sealing region section.

Abstract: An energy-saving lamp with a high-power double spiral energy-saving light tube. The double spiral energy-saving light tube includes two single spiral light tubes having complementary structure. One spiral light tube rotates into the other in the same direction, they geometrically fit into one another, and they complement one another. The two light tubes work independently. Reliability is improved. Short glass tubes can be used for producing the two single spiral light tubes, and the production process is simple and suitable for mass production. The luminous efficiency of the energy-saving lamp of the invention exceeds 80 lm/W. A single spiral light tube of between 14 and 22 mm in diameter corresponds to the power of the lamp of between 100 and 250 W.

Abstract: To provide a flickerless discharge lamp which can remove hydrogen by a simple and safe means even if the lamp is a large discharge lamp with high pressure when lit, the discharge lamp has a pair of electrodes and a hydrogen getter (4) in the interior of an arc tube, the hydrogen getter (4) being formed of a container (41) made of metal which is hydrogen permeable and a hydrogen absorbent body (42) that is composed of a metal which can absorb hydrogen that is enclosed inside of the container (41) and is fixed to an inside wall of the container (41).

Abstract: An electrical lead assembly for devices such as electrical lamps having a metallic foil for providing an electrically conducting path through a hermetic seal formed by pinch sealing a vitreous material. The metallic foil includes an oxidation-inhibiting coating of silica. In another aspect of the invention, methods of coating metallic foils with silica are disclosed. In yet another aspect of the present invention, an electrical lead assembly for lamps is provided wherein the metallic foil is extended to form an outer electrical lead for the lamp.

Abstract: An improved incandescent lamp and incandescent lighting system are disclosed, for projecting a beam of light with substantially improved energy efficiency. The incandescent lamp includes a pair of reflective ceramic filament supports for supporting one or more filaments in prescribed position(s) within an envelope while reflecting back substantially all visible and infrared light for incorporation into the projected beam or for absorption by the filament(s).

Abstract: In various embodiments, an electric lamp is provided, which may include an outer bulb and a base fastened thereto and a longitudinal axis, the bulb surrounding a built-in lamp, which is equipped with a pinch seal with two narrow sides and two broad sides, from which at least one outer power supply line protrudes, the feed line being held in a plate-like stand, the built-in lamp being held in the outer bulb by a cementless connecting means in the form of a mounting clip, wherein a connection between an outer power supply line and a feed line is ensured by virtue of the fact that a first one of these two component parts is bent back in the form of a bow, while the second of these component parts is bent back in the manner of a loop and is suspended in the bow.

Abstract: An automotive daytime running lamp assembly includes an incandescent light source received within a reflector member. The reflector member is formed as a surface of revolution about a longitudinal axis and has an enlarged, first end, and a narrowed, second end with an opening that receives at least a portion of a light source therethrough along the longitudinal axis. A sleeve is received over a portion of the light source and at least partially extends through the reflector member opening. A cap received over the second end of the reflector member about the opening is fixedly secured to a disk, preferably by fusing or welding the components together. Likewise, the disk and metal sleeve are fixedly secured or fused/welded together so that the light source is fixed relative to the reflector member. A mounting member is provided for secure optical positioning of the assembly in a fixture of the associated automotive vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lamp, particularly for a vehicle headlight, comprising two spiral-wound filaments which are retained by three feeders within a bulb that is inserted into a base. The feeders are arranged on top of one another when the lamp is adequately oriented. A tail of the first spiral-wound filament is connected to a dimming cap, said tail being located at a distance from the base, while a tail of the second spiral-wound filament is connected to the central feeder, said tail being close to the base. The second filament tail that faces away and is located at a distance from the base is connected to the upper feeder. According to the invention, the lower feeder is connected to the dimming cap by means of an end, some sections of which are angled away from a longitudinal axis of the lamp.

Abstract: In a mercury-free arc tube, regions including molybdenum foils 17 of electrode assemblies each of which is formed by connecting and integrating an electrode 16, a molybdenum foil 17, and a lead wire 18, are pinch-sealed where the electrode 16 projects inside a closed glass bulb 12, which encloses luminescent substances, etc. The molybdenum foil 17 is doped with or coated with TiO2 in the form of discontinuous lands and subjected to surface roughening by etching including oxidation and reduction. TiO2 particles or a TiO2 layer exposed on the rough surface 17c of the molybdenum foil 17 increases chemical joining strength to glass and makes deeper, more complicated minute unevenness 17b on the molybdenum foil surface to increase the mechanical joining strength to glass, so that even when a heat stress occurs at the interface between the molybdenum foil and glass in the pinch-sealed portion, foil floating does not occur.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filament for an infrared lamp used as a heater and a method of manufacturing the same. The method of fabricating the filament includes cutting a thin graphite plate into a thin graphite plate strip of a predetermined size, integrally adhering two sheets of the thin graphite plate strips using heat, primarily heating and plasticizing the integrally adhered graphite plate strips within an inert gas, coating a silicon-series coating solution on the primarily heated and plasticized graphite plate strips and naturally drying the graphite plate strips, and heating and plasticizing the naturally dried graphite plate strips using an identical process to the primary plasticity process and then naturally cooling the heated and plasticized graphite plate strips.

Abstract: A method for connection of a discharge vessel of a discharge lamp to a tubular piece is provided, wherein the discharge vessel is heated at the connection point which is provided with the tubular piece, and the material of the discharge vessel which has been softened at the connection point is torn open such that it rests on the inner face of the tubular piece, and a continuous hole is produced in the discharge vessel.

Abstract: A high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp (1) comprising an envelope (2) of high temperature resistant material having a discharge vessel (3) and two electrodes (5, 6) extending from two seal portions (4) into the discharge vessel (3), the two electrodes having an electrode gap (de) smaller than or equal to 2.5 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 1.5 mm, is described. The discharge vessel (3) contains a filling which essentially comprises the following substances: rare gas, oxygen, halogen consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, or a mixture thereof, as well as mercury in a quantity greater than or equal to 0.15 mg/mm3? The seal portions (4) have a cross-sectional area of between 6 mm2 and 20 mm2, preferably approximately 10 mm2. A method of manufacturing such a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp (1) and a projector system for such a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp (1) are also described.

Abstract: An integral HID reflector lamp may be formed with an HID held in a reflector. An inner element is mechanically coupled to the reflector. The inner element is formed with a first mechanical coupling to mate with the reflector, a second mechanical coupling to mate with a circuit board, and an electrical coupling to at least electrically couple one of the leads to the circuit board. A circuit board has an edge mechanically coupled to the inner element and electrically connected to the leads by an electrical coupling on the inner element. A heat sink spans at least one side of the circuit board and forming an EMI shielding. An outer cover encloses the heat sink, circuit board, and inner element and coupled to the assembly of the reflector, HID lamp, inner element, and heat sink with each elements of the assembly clipped together.

Abstract: A manufacturing process and apparatus used to produce a container which is capable of accommodate an Hg source for a discharge lamp. The manufacturing includes producing a helical cutout in a coil former, inserting a flexible strip-like wire fabric into the helical cutout, automatically producing a coiled hollow-cylindrical strand at an outlet of the coil former by means of the strip-shaped wire fabric being moved through the helical cutout, and producing a coiled hollow-cylindrical container from the strand.

Abstract: An electric lamp comprises an inner assembly including a light source and a control gear circuit. An outer envelope encloses the light source and at least a part of the control gear and has a predetermined wall thickness and an end portion. The outer envelope is comprised of two parts separated along a circumferential line. The two parts of the envelope are connectable and sealable to form a uniform outer envelope with a seal region. The seal region has a wall thickness and is merged in a surface portion of the two parts of the envelope so that the surface unevenness of the seal region is not greater than 0.5 millimeters, and the maximum difference of the wall thickness of the seal region with respect to the wall thickness of the outer envelope is not greater than 0.3 millimeters. A method for manufacturing an electric lamp as described above is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved incandescent lamp and incandescent lighting system are disclosed, for projecting a beam of light with substantially improved energy efficiency. The incandescent lamp includes a pair of reflective ceramic filament supports for supporting one or more filaments in prescribed position(s) within an envelope while reflecting back substantially all visible and infrared light for incorporation into the projected beam or for absorption by the filament(s).

Abstract: A lamp includes a filament for emitting light. The filament includes an emissive substrate which emits radiation when an electric current is applied. The substrate includes a doped surface and a coating layer supported on the doped surface. The coating layer includes at least one of a carbonitride and a boride.

Abstract: Manufacturing equipment and manufacturing process steps that improve upon prior art processes for the manufacturing of filament tube and arc tube light sources, their components and subassemblies, and lamps employing said light sources. A double ended, tipless filament tube or arc tube light source incorporates a drawn-down tubular body, and one piece foliated leads with spurs for process handling and for spudding into a filament with stretched-out legs. Bulged ends on the body provide a novel cutoff means, facilitate a flush-fill finishing process, and enhance mounting and support of the light sources in lamps. The foliated leads are made from a continuous length of wire in a process including foil hammering and two-bath AC electrochemical etching. Cost-reduced light source and lamp production enables affordable household consumer lamps, even when containing two series-connected halogen filament tubes.

Abstract: A fluorescent light fixture includes a frame supporting a reflector having at least one elongated recess, the recess having a light reflecting side configured to at least partially surround at least one elongated fluorescent bulb having a diameter D, and defined by a geometry having a convex portion merging with angled sidewalls. A powder coating is disposed on the light reflecting side of the recess of the reflector. A method of making a fluorescent light fixture includes providing a frame supporting the reflector, the reflector having a recess with a light reflecting side to at least partially surround a fluorescent bulb, the recess defined by a geometry having a convex portion merging with angled sidewalls, and applying a white thermosetting powder coating on the light reflecting side of the recess of the reflector.

Abstract: The invention relates to an incandescent lamp having a carbide-containing luminous element and current supplies holding the luminous element. A luminous element is introduced into a bulb together with a filling in a vacuum-tight manner, the luminous element having a metal carbide the melting point of which is preferably above that of tungsten, and the luminous element being helical. The luminous element has a core wire and a wrapped filament and is constituted of various materials and contains a metal carbide.

Abstract: A halogen lamp including a glass bulb, a filament inserted inside the bulb, a pair of metal foils, and a pair of outer leads. Each metal foil has one end welded to the filament and the other end welded to the outer lead. The metal foils are contained in glass sleeves and they are collectively inserted inside the bulb. The bulb is softened by heating and shrinks because its inside pressure is reduced to seal the metal foils therein. Since the amount of glass of each sealed portion is larger than the other portions of the bulb by the amount of the sleeve, the shape of the sealed portion is stabilized.

Abstract: A sulfur lamp including a power supply that supplies electrical power includes a transparent bulb having a space inside that contains sulfur. Additionally, a plurality of electrodes may be provided on an outside surface of the transparent bulb. Further, one end of each electrode may be connected to the power supply so that the sulfur is excited by an electric discharge to emit light. Therefore, the changing of sulfur contained in the space of the bulb into a plasma phase using the electrodes (not microwaves) avoids a need to use a magnetron, which has a low energy transfer rate, thereby increasing a system efficacy and saving a cost of replacing the magnetron with a new one.

Abstract: Miniature bulbs are secured in their holders against twisting by first forming holders with tapered cavities smaller at their bottoms than the bulb, then heating the holders to soften them prior to insertion of the bulb. When the bulb is fully seated and the holder has cooled and firmed up, the holder will conform to the exterior shape of the bulb including the irregularities in its surface caused by the bulb formation process. The snug fit of the holder to the irregularities in the bulb resist the twisting of the bulb.

Abstract: An electric lamp comprises an inner assembly including a light source and a control gear circuit. An outer envelope encloses the light source and at least a part of the control gear and has a predetermined wall thickness and an end portion. The outer envelope is comprised of two parts separated along a circumferential line. The two parts of the envelope are connectable and sealable to form a uniform outer envelope with a seal region. The seal region has a wall thickness and is merged in a surface portion of the two parts of the envelope so that the surface unevenness of the seal region is not greater than 0.5 millimeters, and the maximum difference of the wall thickness of the seal region with respect to the wall thickness of the outer envelope is not greater than 0.3 millimeters. A method for manufacturing an electric lamp as described above is also disclosed.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp including a lamp vessel with a pinch seal at one end, at least one incandescent filament being accommodated in the interior of said lamp vessel, the incandescent filament being fixed in position in the lamp vessel by at least one electrically insulating holding element provided with filament holders wherein the holding elements are held in the lamp vessel by sections of said lamp vessel being subjected to hot shaping.

Abstract: An improved incandescent light bulb is described utilizing a textured surface filament design to improve efficacy, longevity and color temperature. Embodiments include a low voltage halogen bulb which may be mounted in a fixture containing power condition and altering circuitry. The fixture may be made so as to allow the textured filament bulb to be replaceable. The fixture may also be made so as to fit in a standard household lamp socket as a replacement for existing high voltage incandescent bulbs.

Abstract: A lamp and method for the reduction of gas loss in a high temperature lamp includes providing a light source and a surrounding shroud, using a fill gas outside of the light source and inside the shroud having a thermal conductance greater than nitrogen, and modifying the shroud so that it contains at least 20% of the initial fill gas for at least the rated life of lamp operation. The shroud is preferably modified by one or more of selecting the shroud material, controlling the thickness of the shroud, providing a coating on the shroud, and the selection of the fill gas.

Abstract: An electrode system with a current feedthrough through a ceramic discharge vessel is provided which, on one hand, increases the visible output of lamps and, on the other hand, allows smaller dimensions. For this purpose, the current feedthrough is made of rhenium or a platinum-group metal. In this way, improved color reproduction is also achievable. In preferred embodiments: (a) the current feedthrough is made of rhenium or a rhenium alloy or a platinum-group metal or a platinum-group metal alloy and the current feedthrough is brazed flush in the discharge vessel, (b) the discharge vessel has no shaft, and/or (3) the current feedthrough is in the form of one or more joined spheres.

Abstract: In a lamp including a lamp housing and a lamp cover, the lamp cover is laser-beam welded to an opening edge portion of the lamp housing. There exists no trace of fusion on the opening edge portion of the lamp housing in any other areas than a surfaces abutment portion where the lamp cover is brought into abutment. A method for fabricating a lamp includes bringing a lamp cover into abutment with an opening edge portion of a lamp housing; and emitting a laser beam to a surfaces abutment portion of the lamp housing with the lamp cover so as to laser-beam weld the lamp housing and the lamp cover together. The emission of the laser beam is implemented while blocking the laser beam so that the laser beam is not emitted to at least any other areas of the opening edge portion than the surfaces abutment portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric lamp (1) with a base at one end and with an outer bulb (3), mounted in a base (2), and at least one integral lamp (4), preferably a high-voltage halogen lamp, which is arranged within the outer bulb (3), and at least two power supply wires (6) from the base (2) to the integral lamp (4), the integral lamp (4) being held on the power supply wires (6). At least one of the power supply wires (6) has, in the region of the end (12) on the integral-lamp side, at least one u-shaped bend (11) for accommodating a base (8) of the integral lamp (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric lamp (1) with a base at one end and with an outer bulb (3), mounted in a base (2), and at least one integral lamp (4), preferably a high-voltage halogen lamp, which is held within the outer bulb (3) by means of a lamp mount (5). The lamp mount (5) and the outer bulb (3) are connected by means of an adhesive joint. The invention likewise relates to a method for producing such a lamp.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flash-free lamp base (10), wherein the lamp base (10) comprises a shell (14), an eyelet (16) and a glass, electrically insulating part (18) therebetween and joining the shell (14) and the eyelet (16), the shell and the eyelet being electrically conductive, the shell (14) having a tubular portion (14a) with an open end (14b) and a partially closed end (14c) defining a volume (14d) therebetween, the partially closed end (14c) including a tapered area (14e) terminating in a reentrant section (14f) that extends into the volume (14d) and defines an inner annulus (14g).

Abstract: An electric discharge lamp comprising: a light-transmissive ceramic lamp vessel; a first and a second current conductor entering the lamp vessel and each supporting an electrode in the lamp vessel; a sealing compound sealing the lamp vessel around the current conductors in a gastight manner, said sealing compound at least substantially comprising a noble metal; an ionizable filling comprising a rare gas and metal halide in the lamp vessel; at least the first current conductor comprising niobium, characterized in that said first current conductor is coated with a material 10 selected from the group consisting of NbN, NbB2, NbSi2, and NbC.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a lamp in the case of which a lamp bulb closed at one end is filled through a feed opening for a luminous means are disclosed together with a lamp produced using this method. A dome of the lamp bulb can thereby be of smooth design without a pumping tip.

Abstract: An electric lamp with a fuse seal, which seals off the lamp bulb, a metal seal with power supply wires and feed lines being provided in the fuse seal, and the metal seal with power supply wires and feed lines being provided with a structure, which has been produced by a laser.

Abstract: A metallic photonic crystal (MPC) structure used as a filter with incandescent lighting is presented that significantly improves efficiency, while retaining the desirable color rendering index of incandescent lighting. The resulting efficiency is higher than many existing lighting types. The MPC filter is implemented with only a single layer of square lattice or two layers of woodpile-like lattice has high reflection from the photonic band edge to infinitely long wavelength. The MPC filter can be used in a spherical, cylindrical or flat form depending on the illumination scheme.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a high-pressure gas discharge lamp assembly comprising a burner (3) and a reflector (1). The burner (3) is fixed to the reflector (1) such that at least a part of the concave light reflecting surface (2) of the reflector (1) surrounds the light emitting part of the burner (3). An end portion (11) of the glass bulb of the burner (3) is embedded in cement (15) in order to fix it in a central hole of the reflector (1). The end portion (11) of the glass bulb of the burner (3) is attached by means of cement (15) to a metal holder (14), and afterwards the metal holder (14) is attached to the reflector (1).