Abstract: A traveling wave tube having an electron gun and a collector assembly is provided. The assemblies include a sleeve placed around an isolator. The sleeve is either heat shrunk or heat deformed around the isolator. Heat shrinking is performed when the sleeve radius is initially larger than the isolator radius. During heat shrinking, the sleeve is heated to cause the sleeve radius to increase and be larger than the isolator radius. The sleeve is then placed around the isolator and cooled causing the sleeve to contract upon the isolator. Heat deformation is performed when the sleeve radius is initially smaller than the isolator radius. During heat deformation, the isolator is inserted into the sleeve. The isolator and the sleeve are then heated so that the sleeve expands to a constrained amount of expansion and then deforms. The sleeve and the isolator are then cooled causing the sleeve to contract upon the isolator.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a rear electrode for controlling a first quantity of electrons in an electron beam. Also included is an electron beam generating source for generating the electrons which travel in parallel with each other and an extraction electrode for extracting the electron beams from the generated electrons. A control electrode is also included for selectively controlling a second quantity of electrons in the electron beams which have passed through the extraction electrode and a horizontal deflection electrode for electrostatically deflecting the electron beams. A vertical deflection electrode is provided for deflecting the electron beams which have passed through the horizontal deflection electrode. The vertical deflection electrode has a first comb-shaped conductive sheet having first parallel members and a second comb-shaped conductive sheet having second parallel members.

Abstract: A first laminated sub-structure having a semiconductor substrate, a lower insulating layer on the semiconductor substrate, emitter electrodes formed in micro-apertures in the lower insulating layer and a gate electrode on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer is aligned with a second laminated sub-structure having a transparent upper insulating layer and a grid member on the transparent upper insulating layer by means of a stepper, and the first and second laminated sub-structures are fixed to each other through a field assisted glass-metal sealing technique.

Abstract: The plasma display panel comprises two substrates onto which parallel cathodes and anodes are attached, respectively. When the anode and cathode substrates are connected together by barriers, which also prevent the cross-talk between pixels, the cathodes and anodes are perpendicular to each other. The cathodes are made of thin metallic wires that attach to the rear substrate. Fabricating the cathode structure comprises the steps of: preparing a compound fiber in which a plurality of metallic lines are arranged in parallel and a plurality of thermoplastic threads are arranged perpendicular to the metallic lines; placing the compound fiber on the rear substrate; and baking this combination.

Abstract: A vacuum fluorescent display and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The vacuum fluorescent display has a faceplate and a substrate forming a vacuum-space, segments, filaments, grids, pin leads, stands for fixing filaments and a stationary base for fixing the stands. The stationary base is a hollowed-out rectangle which includes a pair of parallel setters for welding the stands on opposing sides of the substrate and a pair of spacing strips for maintaining the interval between the setters. The base is fixed to the substrate, and then setters are separated from each other by removing the spacing strips. The ends of setters extend outwardly from the vacuum-space to serve as a conductor to the filament.

Abstract: Fabrication of spacer supports for use in field emitter displays through a process which involves 1) forming a mold for the spacers in a substrate through the use of micro-saw technology, 2) filling the mold with a material that is selectively etchable with respect to the mold, 3) optionally, planarizing the excess material to the level of the mold using chemical mechanical planarization, 4) attaching the filled mold to one of the electrode plates of the field emitter display, and 5) etching away (removing) the mold, after which 6) the plate can be aligned with its complementary electrode plate, and 7) a vacuum formed.

Abstract: A method for safe and tight installation of a filament using a supporter obviates the need for welding. The supporter has an upstanding member such as a wing formed on the top of upward extensions from its surface. The member is located on one side of a plate of the supporter and has a clamping groove to hold and fix the end of the filament. The filament also can be wound around a lower part of the member thereby fixing the filament without welding.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for arranging a plurality of line filaments above the grid electrode supported on the base plate of a conventional fluorescent displaying tube. The inventive method employs a temporary mounting plate for temporarily supporting the filaments with tension until they are completely arranged above the grid electrode. The mounting plate comprises a plurality of cutting-off lines and a pair of weld portions at opposite ends thereof. The arrangement of the filaments accomplished, the temporary mounting plate is cut along the cutting-off lines so as to remove all the other portions except the weld portions.

Abstract: A lamp bridge may be formed from a siliceous hollow tube positioned between and melted to bridge supports. The hollow tube melts more quickly, and more completely, and therefore bonds stress free and more durable to the bridge supports.

Abstract: A flashlamp provides a ruggedized yet simple-to-manufacture construction capable of operating at high average output power over a long life. The flashlamp construction includes a glass tube (12) with an electrode assembly (24) detachably secured to each end. The electrode assembly includes an end cap (26) to which an electrode support (28) is attached, with a first end (32) of the electrode support protruding inside of the glass tube, and a second end (44) of the electrode support protruding outside of the glass tube. The electrode support (28) is made from a suitable electrical conductor. An electrode (34) is threaded onto the first end of the electrode support (28) without the use of brazing or other attachment techniques that might introduce impurities. An electrode lug (36) is attached to or near the second end of the electrode support, outside of the glass tube, and provides a means for making electrical contact with the electrode (34).

Abstract: For a flat display device, a control subassembly is needed which consists of two control plates (1;7) each formed by a layer of parallel conductors (2;8) which are isolated from each other. During the manufacture of the control subassembly, the first control plate is provided with a glass frit in the form of continuous strips (10) perpendicular to the conductors. The glass frit is set, and the application of the strips is repeated. The second control plate is then put on the first control plate in such a way that their conductors are mutually perpendicular. After that, the glass frit is crystallized.

Abstract: A post-mask-deflection color cathode ray tube is disclosed that has a strip-type tension foil shadow mask in the form of two intercalated combs providing mutually insulated first and second arrays of strips. Each of the arrays is adapted to receive a different electrical potential effective to cause electron beams passing therethrough to be deflected by the electrical fields created between the strips. A method of manufacturing is also disclosed.

Abstract: Outgassed materials liberated in spaces between pointed field emitter tips and an electrode structure during electrical operation of a field emitter device are vented through passageways to a pump or gettering material provided in a separate space. The passageways may include channels formed through an insulating layer between a base for the field emitters, and the electrode structure, with the channels interconnecting adjacent spaces in a row direction. Where the electrode structure includes a gate electrode layer and an anode layer, similar channels may be formed through an insulator layer provided therebetween. The field emitters may be formed in an arrangement of rows and columns, with the spacing between the columns smaller than the spacing between the rows. Holes are formed by anisotropic etching through the anode, gate electrode, and insulator layers down to the base.

Abstract: A thermal device, such as a glow discharge starter, includes an hermetically sealed envelope containing an ionizable medium, a bimetallic electrode having a bimetallic element associated therewith, and a counter electrode. A mount sealed in the envelope includes a glass stem having a disk-shaped portion extending substantially across the envelope and a longitudinally-extending planar portion. The transverse portion of the mount assists in centering the electrodes within the envelope and preventing the bimetallic element from oxidizing during the manufacturing process when the mount is sealed to the envelope. Preferably, the transverse portion is disk-shaped having a radius within the range of from about 89 to 93 percent of the internal radius of the envelope. The defined thickness of the planar portion of the glass stem allows rapid transfer of heat during sealing so that the planar portion can effectively be sealed to the envelope without developing seal cracks.

Abstract: A method of aligning and gapping arc lamp electrodes is to form a single piece electrode preform with a number of breakable junctions formed therein. The single piece preform is then positioned in the lamp envelope and sealed in place. The central portion of the preform is then removed by causing the breakable junctions to give way. The central portion is then removed from the enclosed lamp cavity, and the lamp sealing is finished by known methods.

Abstract: A dual arc tube high pressure discharge lamp with a locating element for one end of each discharge tube in which the locating element comprises an H-shaped piece of stamped metal with a leg of the H inserted in the tubular electrode assemblies of each of the dual arc tubes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photomultiplier tube (10) comprising a tube body (20), a photocathode (30) and an electron multiplier element (40) destined to be placed at a small distance from the photocathode (30). According to the invention the tube (10) is provided with sliding means (50) of the electron multiplier (40) parallel to the axis (22) of the tube body (20), means (50) provided with abutments (53) situated in the proximity of the said window (31).

Abstract: In double ended high pressure discharge lamps such as are used in sealed beam reflectors the leads pass through the reflector bowl close to the axis thereof and close to each other giving risk of flashover therebetween, particularly with the high voltages required for hot restarting. To reduce such effects at least one of the leads has a length forming part of a circle terminating at one end and a sleeve of insulating refractory material conforming generally to the same circle is fitted to at least part of the circular part.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp employs an inner exhaust tubulation formed from glass which is opaque to a given range of electromagnetic radiation. The exhaust tubulation is non-invasively sealed after an outer lamp envelope is sealed by directing upon the exhaust tubulation an amount of such radiation sufficient to heat the tubulation to its softening point. The outer envelope is transparent to the given radiation which, in a preferred embodiment, is in the range of 400 nm to 2500 nm.

Abstract: A linear electrode construction for a fluorescent display device which is capable of providing the high densification of luminous display is disclosed. The linear electrode construction includes two electrode frames each comprising a plurality of linear electrodes arranged side by side at intervals of a predetermined distance and each having a fine wire-like electrode portion and a connecting terminal portion formed at one end of the electrode portion. The fine wire-like electrode portions are uniformly applied thereto tension to prevent the sagging in the operation. Also, a process for preparing such a linear electrode construction is disclosed.

Abstract: A deflection unit for a color television display tube comprising line and frame deflection coils and a magnet core cooperating with said coils can be manufactured by placing the deflection coils and the magnet core around the part of the transition neck-cone of a color display tube in such manner that the deflection coils engage or substantially engage the tube, which display tube comprises an adjusted color purity magnet, after which the tube is adjusted so as to be color pure by moving the magnet core along the axis of the tube, after which, if desired, the magnet core is moved in known manner in a plane perpendicular to the tube axis so as to remove convergence errors and the magnet core and the coils are then connected together to form the deflection unit.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a camera tube having structure suitable for the HN system comprising a glass faceplate covered by an n-type transparent electrode layer consisting of, for instance, Nesa glass on which a thin p.sup.+ -type layer, a p-type layer and an n-type layer are deposited in succession to form a photoconductive layer on which a block layer is deposited to form a protected photoconductive target. A metal mesh covered by an insulation material and a collector electrode for collecting secondary electrons emitted from the target are arranged on the electron beam scanning side of the target.

Abstract: A rugged retina is constructed for a vidicon having a rugged electron gun d other electrodes. The retina is prepared by mounting it between two thin flexible metal or metalized rings with a high viscosity liquid electrode between one of the rings and the retina. This prepared assembly is glued together and onto the vidicon faceplate with a pliant adhesive.

Abstract: A filamentary-type photoflash lamp suitable for use with a relatively low voltage high current power source includes a glass envelope with a shredded metal fill, a pair of leads interconnected by a filament wire and a primer having percussively-ignitable and powdered combustible incandescible material on the leads with the primer material responsive to heat generated by the filament wire. A process for fabricating the above-described photoflash lamp is also provided as well as a primer material composition.