Abstract: A shot peening method is disclosed. One method includes performing a first shot peening for applying residual stress to a surface of an object formed of a metal material at a first depth, and performing a second shot peening for applying residual stress to the surface of the object at a second depth deeper than the first depth after the first shot peening. The first shot peening is performed before the object is used at a high temperature and the second shot peening is performed after the object is used at the high temperature, and after a cracking caused by stress due to thermal expansion and contraction of crystal grains occurs in the object. The cracking being deeper than the first depth and shallower than the second depth.

Abstract: The present application provides to a media dosage unit (300) for shot peening. The application also presents methods of using and making the media dosage unit. The media dosage unit comprises a flow sensor (304) for measuring flow rate of solid particles; and a connector on the flow sensor for coupling the flow sensor to a shot circulation conduit (306). The present application also relates to a media flow valve (316) for the media dosage unit for shot peening. The application additionally discloses a method of making or assembling the microwave media flow sensor.

Abstract: The portable apparatus for cleaning surfaces comprises a tank (2) associated with a base (3), said tank (2) comprising at least one couple of chambers (5) predisposed to contain respective abrasive materials, said chambers (5) being hermetically separated from one another; at least one couple of mixing valves (13) associated with said base (3) and connected with respective said chambers (5) each said mixing valve (13) being predisposed to receive said abrasive material contained in said respective chamber (5) and to mix said abrasive material with a predetermined amount of compressed air.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet radiation source apparatus includes a chamber including at least a droplet generator, a nozzle of the droplet generator, and a dry ice blasting assembly. The droplet generator includes a reservoir for a molten metal, and the nozzle has a first end connected to the reservoir and a second opposing end where molten metal droplets emerge from the nozzle. The dry ice blasting assembly includes a blasting nozzle, a blasting air inlet and a blaster carbon dioxide (CO2) inlet. The blasting nozzle is disposed inside the chamber. The blasting nozzle is arranged to direct a pressurized air stream and dry ice particles at the nozzle of the droplet generator.

Abstract: An efficient ultra-precise shear thickening and chemical synergy polishing method, comprising the following steps: 1) fixing workpieces (3) to a polishing and fixing disc (31) of implementation equipment; 2) preparing an efficient ultra-precise shear thickening and chemical synergy polishing slurry, the polishing slurry comprising polishing abrasive particles or micro-powder, a shear thickening enhanced phase, water and green chemistry environmentally-friendly substances; 3) adding the prepared polishing slurry into a dust-prevention cover (30), and starting a polishing slurry circulating device, so that the polishing slurry is supplied to the surfaces of the workpieces (3) by means of polishing tools (1); and 4) starting driving devices (9) and driving mechanisms (33), so that the polishing tools (1) move relative to the workpieces (3), and surfaces of the workpieces (3) to be machined are polished.

Abstract: Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure include a meta-stable detergent based foam generating device of a turbine cleaning system includes a manifold configured to receive a liquid detergent and an expansion gas, a gas supply source configured to store the expansion gas, and one or more aerators fluidly coupled with, and between, the gas supply source and the manifold. Each aerator of the one or more aerators comprises an orifice through which the expansion gas enters the manifold, and wherein the orifice of each aerator is sized to enable generation of a meta-stable detergent based foam having bubbles with bubble diameters within a range of 10 microns (3.9×10?4 inches inches) and 5 millimeters (0.2 inches), having a half-life within a range of 5 minutes and 180 minutes, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A fluid jet cutting device for sectioning materials is provided. The device includes a compact and portable body having an equipment chamber accessible through a first panel, a working chamber accessible through a second panel and a receptacle in communication with the working chamber. A pump assembly and motor are removably positioned on a base in the equipment chamber. A guide assembly is positioned in the working chamber and a cutting head having a nozzle is movably coupled to the guide assembly for movement along three axes. A drive assembly moves the cutting head along the guide assembly. A clamp for holding a work piece includes a first face and a second face movable relative to the first face so as to secure regular, irregular or complex shaped work pieces. A basket is positioned in the receptacle below the clamp and the device may be controlled by way of a touch screen user interface.

Abstract: A spectroscopy system is disclosed, and includes a resonant cavity, a first conduit configured to couple at a first end thereof to a gas source, and at a second end thereof to a first end of a sorbent tube containing a sample for analysis, and a second conduit configured to couple at a first end thereof to a second end of the sorbent tube, and at a second end thereof to the resonant cavity.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method of hardening a surface of a substrate comprises directing a waterjet having a transition flow region, the waterjet comprising water and particles, at a surface of a substrate such that the waterjet impacts the surface within the transition flow region to provide a layer of embedded particles underneath the surface of the substrate, thereby forming a hardened substrate. The hardened substrates are also provided.

Abstract: A fluid flow-path device facilitates a maintenance operation to remove a foreign substance adhered to a member, to prevent passage of the foreign material. The fluid flow-path device has a distribution header including a partition member and a header body in a flow-path formation body. The partition member partitions a distribution space of the distribution header into an upstream-side space that communicates with a supply opening in the header body, and a downstream-side space that communicates with a plurality of flow paths in the flow-path formation body. The partition member includes a region that prevents a foreign substance in a fluid from flowing from the upstream-side space to the downstream-side space, while allowing the fluid to flow. The header body has an opening that allows a washing fluid to flow into the downstream-side space, and an opening that allows the washing fluid to be discharged from the upstream-side space.

Abstract: A method for surface treatment of a workpiece made from a hard-brittle material comprises first blasting employing abrasive grains of higher hardness than a hardness of a base material of the workpiece for forming a three dimensional recess-protrusion profile having protrusions and recesses formed between the protrusions on a surface of the workpiece; and second blasting employing an elastic abrasive having a structure in which abrasive grains carried in and/or on an elastic body made from material with low rebound elasticity for polishing the surface of the workpiece formed with the recess-protrusion profile so as to achieve an arithmetic average roughness Ra of not greater than 1.6 ?m on the surface of the protrusions and the recesses on the workpiece while maintaining the recess-protrusion profile formed by the first blasting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a waste gate component for a turbo charger comprising an alloy comprising about 30 to about 42 wt.-% Ni, about 15 to about 28 wt.-% Cr, about 1 to about 5 wt.-% Cr, about 1 to about 4 wt.-% Ti, and at least about 20 wt.-% Fe, and to processes for preparing such a waste gate component.

Abstract: A method includes transferring a wafer into a first process chamber of a cluster tool; performing a first process to the wafer in the first process chamber; transferring the wafer from the first process chamber to a second process chamber of the cluster tool after performing the first process; cleaning the first process chamber; performing a second process to the wafer in the second process chamber during cleaning the first process chamber.

Abstract: A waterjet nozzle is provided for deflashing a leadless package device. The waterjet nozzle has a central core having a conically shaped passage between a nozzle inlet, lying in a first plane, and a nozzle outlet, lying in a second plane. The nozzle includes a groove, in the waterjet nozzle, above a third plane defining an end of the waterjet nozzle, along a first line in the third plane. A tube connects the nozzle outlet to the groove. The nozzle includes a flange, lying below the third plane along a second line, in the third plane, intersecting the first line. The waterjet nozzle may be used to deflash a leadframe package by inserting the flange from a waterjet nozzle into a singulation cut on a lead frame; and injecting a waterjet through the conically-shaped passage from the nozzle inlet through the nozzle outlet.

Abstract: The present invention provides a spherical powder having properties, such as an excellent strength, toughness, and deformation recovery, and provides a method for producing same. The present invention provides: a spherical powder containing a crosslinked body formed having (A) a polyrotaxane in which both ends of a pseudopolyrotaxane, which are formed by inclusion of the opening of a cyclic molecule by threading therethrough with a linear molecule, are provided with a capping group so that dethreading of the linear molecule is prevented, in particular, a spherical powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1,000 ?m, preferably 1 to 500 ?m, more preferably 1 to 300 ?m, and still more preferably 1 to 150 ?m; and a method for producing this spherical powder.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for removing deposits in self-assembled monolayer (SAM) based selective deposition process schemes using cryogenic gas streams are described. Some methods include removing deposits in self-assembled monolayer (SAM) based selective depositions by exposing the substrate to cryogenic aerosols to remove undesired deposition on SAM protected surfaces. Processing chambers for cryogenic gas assisted selective deposition are also described.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet radiation source apparatus includes a chamber including at least a droplet generator, a nozzle of the droplet generator, and a dry ice blasting assembly. The droplet generator includes a reservoir for a molten metal, and the nozzle has a first end connected to the reservoir and a second opposing end where molten metal droplets emerge from the nozzle. The dry ice blasting assembly includes a blasting nozzle, a blasting air inlet and a blaster carbon dioxide (CO2) inlet. The blasting nozzle is disposed inside the chamber. The blasting nozzle is arranged to direct a pressurized air stream and dry ice particles at the nozzle of the droplet generator.

Abstract: A method for removing dental material is disclosed. The method may include suspending, by a hydrated polymeric material, a quantity of abrasive media. The hydrated polymeric material and suspended abrasive media may then be pressurized. Accordingly, an abrasive stream may be formed by expelling, under pressure, the hydrated polymeric material and suspended abrasive media from a nozzle. The abrasive stream may be precisely applied to a tooth to abrade the enamel or dentin thereof as a drilling instrumentality.

Abstract: An artificial tooth 30 to be polished is fixed at a tooth neck 32 side and rotated about a tooth axis 33. Abrasives, preferably elastic abrasives formed by kneading abrasive grains into or supporting abrasive grains on an elastic material, are ejected together with a compressed gas at an ejection pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa onto an occlusal portion 31 side of the artificial tooth 30 while the artificial tooth 30 is being rotated. The abrasives are ejected at an inclination angle ? with respect to the tooth axis 33 of the artificial tooth 30 of from 0° to 90°, and preferably from 15° to 75°. Portions on the occlusal portion 31 and side surfaces 38 of the artificial tooth 30 are thereby polished at the same time by the abrasive sliding over these portions.

Abstract: A system and method of cladding a carbon steel piece with stainless steel according to which the carbon steel piece is cleaned, heated, coated with the stainless steel, and strengthened. In an exemplary embodiment, coating the carbon steel piece with the stainless steel includes melting the stainless steel, atomizing the melted stainless steel, and spraying the atomized stainless steel so that at least a portion of the atomized stainless steel is deposited on the carbon steel piece to thereby coat the carbon steel piece with the stainless steel.

Abstract: Provided is a processing device which includes a fluffing section for fluffing fibers contained in a sheet-like material, the fibers being at least near a surface of the sheet-like material, and a particle supplying section for supplying particles having Mohs hardness of 2 to 5 to the fluffed fibers. In addition, in such processing device, the particle supplying section preferably has an ejecting portion for ejecting the particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dry cleaning technology for a cleaning a surface of an object to be cleaned by adiabatically expanding liquid carbon dioxide to generate sublimable dry ice particles and carrying the dry ice particles on high-speed carrier gas to be sprayed onto the surface of the object to be cleaned, wherein an end of a liquid carbon dioxide nozzle further protrudes to the outside relative to an end of a carrier gas nozzle to prevent a growth of dry ice particles in the carrier gas nozzle, a hydrophobic coating is formed on a surface of the liquid carbon dioxide nozzle to prevent a formation of water droplets and to prevent an occurrence of irregular dry ice particles, thereby effectively preventing damage to a surface of an object to be cleaned and being advantageous in an economical aspect by significantly reducing consumption of liquid carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Described herein is multilayer article made by the process comprising: delivering particles comprising a silicon compound from at least one fluid jet to a metal surface to embed the metal surface with the silicon compound to form a silicon compound layer; coating the silicon compound layer with an aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion to form a fluoropolymer layer and thereby forming a multilayered article, wherein the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion comprises (i) a modifying agent; and (ii) a fluorinated polymer, wherein the fluorinated polymer comprises at least one of (a) a partially fluorinated polymer capable of forming a carbon-carbon double bond, (b) a functionalized fluorinated polymer, and (c) combinations thereof; and sintering the multilayered article to form the release surface coated substrate.

Abstract: A blast cleaning system has a nozzle configured to deliver a pressurized blast cleaning media. The blast cleaning media includes a pressurized fluid and water ice particles as the primary blast cleaning component. The system includes an input hopper configured to accept supplied water ice in bulk form from an outside source. The system further includes a particle sizing module configured to produce the water ice particles for the pressurized blast cleaning media from the supplied water ice after the supplied water ice has been accepted into the input hopper.

Abstract: A method and a blasting material for producing a satinized surface on an aluminum substrate is provided. There is proposed a method for producing a satinized surface on an aluminum substrate, including the steps of: providing an aluminum substrate and treating by blasting with a blasting material the surface regions of the aluminum substrate provided that are to be satinized; wherein there is used as the blasting material a mixture of angular and spherical particles having a grain diameter D90 of ?0.3 mm.

Abstract: A method and a blasting material for producing a satinized surface on an aluminum substrate is provided. There is proposed a method for producing a satinized surface on an aluminum substrate, including the steps: providing an aluminum substrate; treating by blasting with a blasting material the surface regions of the aluminum substrate provided that are to be satinized; wherein there is used as the blasting material a mixture of angular and spherical particles having a grain diameter D90 of ?0.3 mm.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a jet engine includes introducing into the engine, via a carrier gas by way of at least one nozzle, a cleaning medium which contains solids. The pressure of the carrier gas is 1 to 5 bar. An exit of the at least one nozzle is disposed at a radial spacing from a rotation axis of the engine which corresponds to 0.6 to 1.2 times the radius of the entry opening of a first compressor stage that is directed upstream. A main exit direction of the nozzle in relation to the rotation axis of the engine encloses an angle of 10 to 30°.

Abstract: A dry separation method is a dry separation method for ashing a photoresist, including a spraying and separating step of spraying sublimation particles on the photoresist and separating the photoresist. A dry separation apparatus is a dry separation apparatus for ashing a photoresist, including a nozzle for generating a high-speed particle beam that includes sublimation particles. The nozzle generates ultra-high speed uniform nanoparticles by passing therethrough a particle generation gas including carbon dioxide, and includes an expanding portion having a shape so that the cross sectional area thereof becomes wider toward a discharge side of the nozzle. The expanding portion sequentially includes a first expanding portion and a second expanding portion, and an average expansion angle of the second expanding portion is bigger than an expansion angle of the first expanding portion.

Abstract: An automatically adjustable abrasive recycling system is provided. The abrasive recycling system includes one or more sensors configured to sense at least one characteristic of the abrasive recycling system, and slurry supply mechanism that operates, at least in part, based upon the sensed characteristic to control the operation of the abrasive recycling system. Methodology corresponding to the automatic operation of the abrasive recycling system is also provided.

Abstract: An improved device for simulating gravel impact damage on panels, such as protected and unprotected areas of painted vehicle panels, is disclosed. The gravel impact damage simulator includes an enclosure, a gravel inlet port having an extension spout, a motor-driven rotatable impeller below the inlet port, a downwardly angled baffle between the inlet port and the impeller, and a test panel slot through which a test panel may be inserted into the enclosure. During operation, gravel is introduced through the extension spout and inlet port. The gravel drops into the angled baffle, where it is directed toward the rotating impeller. The rotating impeller strikes the gravel and projects it toward the test panel.

Abstract: Fluid jet systems, components and related methods are provided which are well adapted for processing workpieces under particularly work-friendly conditions. Embodiments include fluid jet systems and related methods that reduce, minimize or eliminate a gap between a workpiece being processed and jet receiving devices that receive and dissipate the energy of a fluid jet passing through the workpiece. Other embodiments include fluid jet systems and related methods involving fluid jet processing of workpieces in a submerged condition. Still further embodiments include fluid jet systems and related methods involving position and orientation adjustment of a fluid jet receptacle to coordinate the path of an incoming fluid jet with a central axis or other feature of the fluid jet receptacle.

Abstract: In one embodiment the present invention is a system comprising a feeder to feed projectiles. There is a conveyor for metering the projectiles, and that conveyor is in communication with the feeder. A pipe is in communication with the conveyor, for impelling projectiles through the pipe. In another it is use of a barrel internally lined with a helical blade for unconfined metering of projectiles to clean a gas pressurized pipe.

Abstract: A long-lasting elastic grinding material capable of subjecting surfaces of objects to mirror-finishing, glossifying and the like via blasting thereof. A nucleus (2) is obtained by granulating a crosslinked polyrotaxane compound having self-tackiness and a rubber hardness of 30 or less into particles of a prescribed diameter.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: A method for making a tube is described in which a multi-layer billet is extruded to provide a tube having a wall comprising an inner layer metallurgically bonded to an outer layer.

Abstract: Foam items may be buffed using particles such as particulate sodium bicarbonate in accordance with the present invention. Foam items may be, for example, expanded EVA foam items pre-formed into an intermediate size and shape. A skin layer may be formed during the expansion of the foam item to form an expanded foam item which may be entirely or partially removed by buffing the item using particles projected with selected buffing parameters. The buffing parameters may be varied based upon the thickness of at least a portion of the skin layer and/or the desired degree of moldability for the foam item after buffing. Particulate sodium bicarbonate or other types of particles used for buffing may be recycled and reused for further buffing of foam items.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for stabilizing a heavy metal in a heavy metal bearing paint residue to reduce leaching of the heavy metal from a waste subject to natural or induced leaching conditions by addition of environmentally safe, worker safe, and multi-media compatible stabilizing agent comprising beef bone meal. Beef bone meal is added to the blast media, and provides effective reduction of heavy metal content in waste leachate and effectively removes paint residue without causing visible embedding on the substrate surface, which meets the SSPC SP10 criteria for surface preparation prior to painting. The methods described herein may be used outside of or within an OSHA containment building or collection device. The resultant stabilized paint residue and spent blast media mixture is suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse, or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Abstract: Sodium chlorate is produced industrially via electrolysis of brine and is thus an energy intensive process. An improved cathode for this and other industrial processes is a low nickel content stainless steel whose surface has been suitably modified. With an appropriate amount of surface roughening, the cathode provides for improved overvoltages during electrolysis while still maintaining corrosion resistance.

Abstract: The present application thus provides a cleaning system for use with a compressor of a turbine engine. The cleaning system may include a wash nozzle positioned about the compressor and a spheroid injection port to inject a number of spheroids therein.

Abstract: A method of repairing a component removes a prior coating from an underlying metal substrate. Small cooling air holes extend through the substrate and the coating that is to be removed. A new coating layer is placed on the metal substrate, and over the existing cooling air holes. The location of the cooling air holes is identified by inspecting the coated component for the location of indicators of the coating passing over the cooling air holes. The identified location of the indicators is used to control a cutting tool to remove any new coating from the cooling air holes. The basic method may also benefit new manufacture.

Abstract: An abrasive blasting apparatus comprises a blast pot, a blast media valve fluidly connected to said blast media outlet of the blast pot, a source of pressurized gas, a proportional air valve in fluid communication with the blast media valve and the source of pressurized air, a hose having a blast nozzle at a distal end thereof, and a main control unit fluidly connected to the blast media valve and the air valve. The blast media valve comprises a housing having a blasting media intake, a plunger disposed within the housing, a sleeve disposed between the housing and the plunger, a blast media port in the sleeve, a casing fixedly connected to the housing, a piston disposed within the casing and connected to the plunger, and a base member fixedly connected to the housing. The plunger is movable by the piston with respect to the blast media port.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a revolutionary support material removing method which exhibits operational effects not seen in conventional practice. The present invention is a support material removing method for removing a support material (2) located on a surface (1a) of a three-dimensional object (1) molded by a three-dimensional forming device, wherein a slurry (5) which is a mixture of a liquid (3) and abrasive grains (4) is sprayed from a slurry sprayer (6) to remove the support material (2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for processing parts, preferably made from timber-derived materials, especially MDF elements for achieving a sanded or polished surface, wherein blasting media are directed onto the surface at a shallow impact angle, and correspondingly produced wood parts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating an article surface. The method includes removing a metal oxide surface from the metal substrate to expose a metal surface; and delivering particles including a dopant from at least one fluid jet to the metal surface to impregnate the surface of the article with the dopant. The method also includes delivering substantially simultaneously a first set of particles comprising a dopant and a second set of particles comprising an abrasive from at least one fluid jet to a surface of an article to impregnate the surface of the article with the dopant.

Abstract: A long-lasting elastic grinding material capable of subjecting surfaces of objects to mirror-finishing, glossifying and the like via blasting thereof. A nucleus (2) is obtained by granulating a crosslinked polyrotaxane compound having self-tackiness and a rubber hardness of 30 or less into particles of a prescribed diameter.

Abstract: A method for producing an implant whose surface is roughened by the sandblast method using shot material containing fluoroapatite. Fluoroapatite, compared to hydroxyapatite, has poor biocompatibility, but is superior in hardness. It also has a property of being dissolved in acid. As a result, by the sandblast method using shot material containing fluoroapatite, the surface roughening is performed quite effectively, and shot materials remained on the surface can easily be removed by acid.

Abstract: A method for improving the bond between a PEEK joint component and bone cement comprising roughening a surface of the PEEK component by air-blasting abrasive water-soluble particles against the component until an average surface roughness of 4 to 6 micrometers is attained and subsequently submerging the component in water to dissolve any residual particles.

Abstract: According to a method for treating a hollow glass article (2) comprising a coating (21), a flow (F) of abrasive material (A) in the form of organic solid particles is projected against the article (2) to at least partially remove the coating (21). Facility for implementing the method.