Abstract: Methods and systems for a distributed leaky wave antenna (LWA) are disclosed and may include communicating RF signals at one or more frequencies via distributed LWAs in a wireless communication device. The distributed LWAs may be integrated in one or more multi-layer support structures. The RF signals may be communicated at the one or more frequencies via a plurality of cavity heights in the distributed LWAs or via a plurality of sections of the distributed LWAs with different partially reflective surfaces. The distributed LWAs may be configured to transmit the RF signals at a desired angle from a surface of the multi-layer support structures. The distributed LWAs may include microstrip or coplanar waveguides where the plurality of cavity heights of the one or more distributed LWAs may be configured based on distances between conductive lines in the waveguides.

Abstract: Methods and systems for a sub-harmonic transmitter utilizing a leaky wave antenna are disclosed and may include transmitting wireless signals at a harmonic frequency of a source signal utilizing one or more leaky wave antennas (LWAs) in a wireless device including one or more transceivers on a chip. The LWAs may be configured with a resonant frequency at the harmonic frequency. The source signal may be communicated to the LWAs utilizing a power amplifier, which may be operated in switching mode thereby generating a square wave from the source signal. The LWAs may be integrated on the chip, on a package to which the chip is affixed and/or on a printed circuit board to which the chip is affixed. The harmonic frequency may be three times a frequency of the source signal. The transmitted wireless signal may be amplitude modulated utilizing a bias voltage applied to the LWAs.

Abstract: An electronic device comprising an antenna arrangement with first and second antenna groups with first (122, 142) and a second (124, 144) radiation elements. The first and second radiation elements in each group have first and second respective polarizations and gain, and said groups also comprise a beam forming network (126, 146) connected to the radiation elements of the group and to an output selector (150). The beam forming network (126, 146) of each antenna group uses the radiation elements (122, 124; 142, 144) in the group to create a radiation pattern (127, 147) with a polarization which is a composite of the first and second polarizations of the elements in the group, so that a first (127) and a second (147) radiation pattern of composite polarization is created. The output selector (150) selects or combines signals received by the two antenna groups as its output.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display arrangement comprising a display means and receiving and/or transmitting means adapted to be arranged in association with said display means. An optically transparent and electrically conductive layer structure is adapted to be provided on the display means. Said optically transparent and electrically conductive layer structure is arranged or structured to form a plurality of receiving and/or transmitting elements constituting said receiving and/or transmitting means. Feeding and/or controlling means are provided to individually or groupwise feed and/or control said receiving and/or transmitting elements.

Abstract: An upconverter has a two port parametric amplifier that has a first port to receive an input signal to be amplified and upconverted and a second port to receive a local oscillator signal and to output the amplified, upconverted signal at upper and lower sideband frequencies. The upconverter further has an antenna coupled to the second port to receive the local oscillator signal and transmit the amplified, upconverted signal at upper and lower sideband frequencies and a low noise amplifier at the first port of the parametric amplifier, which is powered by the local oscillator signal.

Abstract: A communication system includes a first communication apparatus and a second communication apparatus. The second communication apparatus transmits different signals from first and second antennas, and first and second antennas of the first communication apparatus receive the signals, respectively. An angle formed by a first line connecting the first communication apparatus and the first antenna of the second communication apparatus and a second line connecting the first communication apparatus and the second antenna of the second communication apparatus is set to be equal to or smaller than 180 degrees. A distance between the first and second antennas of the first communication apparatus is set to a specified value, which is determined by a signal wavelength and the angle formed by the first line and the second line.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) front-end includes a power amplifier module and a power amplifier control module. The power amplifier module is coupled to amplify an outbound RF signal in accordance with a control signal to produce an amplified outbound RF signal. The power amplifier control module is coupled to generate the control signal based on at least one of forward power of the amplified outbound RF signal and reflected power of the amplified outbound RF signal.

Abstract: A radio apparatus comprising: a radio frequency processing module for converting radio frequency signals from an antenna to intermediate frequency signals; an intermediate frequency processing module located remotely from the radio frequency processing module, for receiving intermediate frequency signals and processing said signals according to at least one communications protocol; and a digital data link for connecting the radio frequency processing module and the intermediate frequency processing module, for transfer of the intermediate frequency signals.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a power combiner configured to receive at least two input signals and combine the input signals to generate an output signal. The power combiner may include at least two input layers and an output layer located between the input layers. Each layer may be in the shape of a slotted loop.

Abstract: A wireless data communication card configured in accordance with an example embodiment of the invention includes a low profile antenna arrangement that does not protrude from the housing of the computing device when the wireless data communication card is inserted into the housing. The low profile design is achieved without compromising the radio frequency (“RF”) characteristics and performance of the wireless data communication card by tuning the antenna arrangement to account for conductive ground structure located within the housing of the computing device. In accordance with one practical embodiment of the invention, the wireless data communication card is compliant with IEEE Standard 802.11(b) and compliant with PCMCIA specifications.

Abstract: An active radio frequency module which is capable of coping with a wide frequency band or a multiband by applying a control signal to a module including a single antenna and radio frequency circuits. The active RF module varies and adjusts a frequency band according to a desired characteristic by arranging control elements, whose impedance characteristics are varied depending on applied voltage, at locations adapted for frequency characteristics of an antenna, a filter and a power amplifier, and applying a proper direct voltage to the control elements according to an external signal. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce space for RF stages while easily setting a desired frequency characteristic. In addition, the active RF module can be used over a wide range including various wireless terminals and allows reduction of costs and time for development of RF stages.

Abstract: Apparatus and systems, a well as methods and articles, may operate to determine whether to communicate using a space-time communications technique responsive to an indication derived from processing a short time sequence.

Abstract: Antenna characteristics of a folding cellphone are adjusted to appropriate values. The cellphone includes a first casing 10a containing a first circuit member 15a, and a second casing 10b containing a second circuit member 15b. The first circuit member 15a and the second circuit member 15b are connected by a connection structure consisting of a first connecting conductor 23a extending from each lateral end of the first circuit member 15a downward (toward the second casing), and a second connecting conductor 25a extending from each lateral end of the second circuit member 15b upward (toward the first casing). The first circuit member 15a and the second circuit member 15b are each comprised of shields, substrates, and so on. Antenna 111 is disposed at an upper edge of the first casing 10a. The effective casing length is affected by the length of the first casing 10a and the second casing 10b, which are both electrically conductive.

Abstract: A system for reducing electromagnetic interference between two or more co-located antennas is described herein. In one embodiment, the system includes a first antenna for transmitting a first signal within a first frequency band, and a second antenna for operating within a second frequency band during transmission of the first signal. The first and second frequency bands may be substantially identical, or may occupy overlapping or nearby channels within the radio frequency spectrum. The system also includes an apparatus. In one embodiment, the apparatus is positioned proximate to the second antenna for intercepting the electromagnetic energy radiated from the first antenna during transmission of the first signal. In other embodiments, the apparatus may be positioned proximate to the first antenna for intercepting the electromagnetic energy radiated from the second antenna during transmission of a second signal.

Abstract: An electronically scanned array antenna. The novel antenna includes a first planar array of antenna elements and one or more side planar arrays of antenna elements, each side array adjacent to the first array and tilted at a predetermined angle relative to the first array. In an illustrative embodiment, the antenna also includes a plurality of transmit/receive modules, each module coupled to one antenna element. Each transmit/receive module includes phase shifters for varying the relative phases of the antenna elements to form a desired overall beam pattern, and a low noise amplifier and high power amplifier for amplifying signals received and transmitted by the antenna element, respectively. In an illustrative embodiment, a processor provides individual phase and channel enable control signals for independently controlling the phase shifters and amplifiers, respectively, of each module.

Abstract: A self-powered current loop transmitter transmits a process variable over a wireless link, deriving operating power from the current which drives the loop. A storage capacitor is connected across the system input terminals through a switch to provide the operating power for the system components.

Abstract: A reconfigurable baseband filter for use in a multimode communication system is disclosed. One or more filter elements can each be configured as a plurality of sub-elements. The value of each of the filter elements can be varied by switching between at least two of the plurality of sub-elements. Switching noise within a desired passband can be reduced by switching at a rate that is greater than the desired passband. The switching noise in the passband can be further reduced by pseudo-randomly switching between the sub-elements. The filter can use a delta-sigma modulator to generate a pseudo-random switching signal.

Abstract: Transmit and/or receive diversity is achieved using multiple antennas. In some embodiments, a single transmitter chain within a wireless terminal is coupled over time to a plurality of transmit antennas. At any given time, a controllable switching module couples the single transmitter chain to one the plurality of transmit antennas. Over time, the switching module couples the output signals from the single transmitter chain to different transmit antennas. Switching decisions are based upon predetermined information, dwell information, and/or channel condition feedback information. Switching is performed on some dwell and/or channel estimation boundaries. In some OFDM embodiments, each of multiple transmitter chains is coupled respectively to a different transmit antenna. Information to be transmitted is mapped to a plurality of tones. Different subsets of tones are formed for and transmitted through different transmit chain/antenna sets simultaneously.

Abstract: Methods and devices related to wireless networking. A wireless device has multiple directional antennas and multiple backhaul radio modules which provide point to point wireless links with other wireless devices. Each radio module can use any one of the available directional antennas to link to one other routing device. Antennas are automatically selected for each wireless device by merely setting one device in a “hunt” mode and setting another device in a “listen” mode. Devices in a hunt mode cycle through the available antennas by sequentially transmitting transmit messages to devices in the listen mode using each of the available antennas in turn. Devices in the listen mode also cycle through their available antennas by sequentially “listening” for transmit messages. A listen mode device, receives transmit messages on each of its available antennas, and, after gathering the relevant data, determines which of its antennas is best suited for communicating with the hunt mode device.

Abstract: An RF front-end includes a transmit adjust module, a PA module, an antenna coupling circuit, a LNA module, and a receive adjust module. The transmit adjust module adjusts coordinates of up-converted analog signals when in a first transmit mode and adjusts coordinates of a plurality of up-converted analog signals when in a second transmit mode to produce to produce multiple adjusted up-converted signals and a plurality of adjusted up-converted signals, respectively, which are subsequently amplified by the PA module. The antenna coupling circuit provides the multiple or the plurality of outbound RF signals to at least some of a plurality of antennas depending on the transmit mode and provides multiple or a plurality of inbound RF signals at least some of the plurality of antennas to the LNA module based on a receive mode. The receive adjust module adjusts coordinates of the multiple or plurality of amplified inbound RF signals based on the receive mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an RF power transmission network. The network includes at least one RF power transmitter, at least one power tapping component, and at least one load. The at least one RF power transmitter, the at least one power tapping component, and the at least one load are connected in series. The RF power transmitter sends power through the network. The power is radiated from the network to be received by a device to be charged, re-charged, or directly powered by the power.

Abstract: An OFDM radio reception device 100 with multiple antennas 110-1 to 110-K removes a guard interval CP from each received signal, and performs S/P conversion, FFT, and channel estimation, on each received signal. The OFDM radio reception device 100 performs channel equalization by multiplying each signal resulting from FFT by a corresponding channel response value obtained by channel estimation. Moreover, the OFDM radio reception device 100 obtains a covariance matrix for each of the busts, and then calculates a reception weighting factor on the basis of each covariance matrix. Furthermore, the OFDM radio reception device 100 multiplies each signal mapped to the corresponding burst by the corresponding reception weighting factor, and then combines the received signals.

Abstract: An rf signal transmitter for transmitting rf signals through a plurality of antennas is described, which comprises: a transmit section adapted to selectively set, with respect to an input signal, the initial phase of an output to at least one of said antennas depending on a time or frequency region used for communication and to provide delay to the output on an antenna-by-antenna basis and on the basis of a transmission timing or a transmission frequency; and a quality information receive section for receiving quality information from destination station, i.e., a wireless terminal unit, said quality information concerning the rf signal transmitted from said transmit section and received at said destination station.

Abstract: A reconfigurable radio communication subsystem is provided comprising a first radio communication unit communicatively coupled to a first antenna and a second antenna, and a second radio communication unit communicatively coupled to a third antenna and the first or second antenna. The first, second, and third antennas are operable in a first frequency band. The subsystem includes a first antenna subsystem coupled to the first radio communication unit and a fourth antenna operable in a second frequency band, and a second antenna subsystem coupled to the second radio communication unit and the fourth antenna. The first and second radio communication units include reconfigurable voice/data functions operating in the first frequency band, voice/data functions operating in the second frequency band, and a radio communications system management function. Cross-connecting buses couple the first radio communication unit and the second radio communication unit.

Abstract: Systems and methods of convergence beamforming are disclosed. One method embodiment, among others, comprises receiving N data streams from at least N+1 antennas, where N is an integer greater than 1; determining signal characteristics of each received data stream; and adjusting the signal characteristics of N data streams to be transmitted based on the determined signal characteristics of the received N data streams. The convergence beamforming may be achieved by the orthogonalization of received multipath channel vectors. The transmission signals from a station are adjusted corresponding to the channel characteristics of the signals received by that station.

Abstract: A terminal for generating an electromagnetic field, including an oscillating circuit capable of receiving a high-frequency A.C. excitation voltage via an amplifier and a directional coupler, the oscillating circuit having at least one element of variable capacitance, and circuitry for modifying the value of this capacitance according to the amplitude of a signal extracted from the coupler.

Abstract: A wireless encoder for encoding a plurality of wireless communication devices carried by media comprises a shielded enclosure having an exterior surface defining an aperture; a wireless signal generator to excite the shielded enclosure; and a media path along which media carrying a plurality of wireless communication devices travels. The media path passes across the aperture outside the shielded enclosure.

Abstract: A neighbor discovery protocol enables a network coordinator to provide time periods during which different classes of devices produce training sequences. The coordinator can transmit information about these time periods in a plurality of different directions so that in-range devices with directional antenna systems receive the communication. The coordinator can also compile interference reports during the neighbor discovery period and thereafter. These reports may be useful in determining whether or not spatial reuse is appropriate between two particular nodes in a given link, in a particular direction.

Abstract: The invention describes a technique for reusing radio frequencies, i.e., transmitting two signals on the same frequency at the same time. A signal is transmitted on one frequency in one pole. A second signal in the same frequency band is transmitted on one polarity and its inverse is transmitted on the opposite polarity. By using an antenna that receives equally both polarities of the second signal and the first signal, the two inverse signals cancel out, and the second signal can be received and detected. This signal is suitable for use in mobile applications. By using an antenna with the feed polarity aligned with the polarity of the second signal, and only receiving one polarity, the second signal can be received and detected. This is suited for fixed antenna sites, thus accomplishing frequency reuse.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for allowing an FDD radio to be configured to operate in Rx-high/Tx-low or Rx-low/Tx-high modes of operation. In accordance with one aspect, this is achieved in an FDD radio configuration that includes multiple switches, multiple Rx electronics, and multiple Tx electronics, allowing a diplexing filter to have selectively coupled to its high and low terminals desired Tx or Rx paths, such as to allow the radio to operate in one or another mode.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided to enable a transceiver (200) or transmitter including a single PA line-up (210) to transmit signals having frequencies in two or more different frequency bands, and/or having two or more different modulation types, and/or having two or more different RF power levels. The single PA line-up includes at least one variable matching circuit (216) and a variable harmonic filter (240) to tune match and tune filter communication signals prior to transmission. The variable matching circuit and the variable harmonic filter each include at least one variable capacitive element (2160 and 2400) that switches ON/OFF depending on whether a low frequency signal or a high frequency signal is being transmitted. Each variable capacitive element includes separate direct current and radio frequency terminals to enable the single PA line-up to change signal modulation and/or RF power levels in addition to frequencies.

Abstract: A wireless communication module is proposed, in which an LTCC substrate is employed. The LTCC substrate comprises at least a first layer and a second layer. At least first and second communication elements are deposited on the first layer, and a matching network is embedded in the second layer. The matching network couple the first and second communication elements to provide matched impedance, such that radio frequency signals are transmitted without distortion. Specifically, the first layer is the surface of the LTCC substrate, whereas the second layer is a depth inside the LTCC substrate. The matching network comprises at least one inductance or capacitance buried in the second layer.

Abstract: A wireless communication device that is attached or included in an electronic object, such as a portable computer, having its own separate communication system. The separate communication system has an antenna for receiving and transmitting wireless communications, and is powered by a power supply included in the object. Since the separate communication system can only communicate when powered, a separate passive wireless communication device is provided for wireless communication that does not require power from the power supply to communicate. The wireless communication device is interfaced with the existing antenna of the separate communication system so that the wireless communication device and separate communication system share a common antenna to reduce cost. The antenna may also be interconnected to a controller associated with the object so that the controller can directly communicate to the wireless communication device.

Abstract: A ground-or roof-top-based repeater in an OFDM system uses multiple transmission antennas to retransmit satellite signals. By using multiple transmission antennas, multiple identical OFDM signals are transmitted. Dithering is performed by, using a phase of Rayleigh process generator, introducing a slight variable-frequency phase offset to all but one of the multiple identical transmitted OFDM signals, and thus the effective overall channel is more dynamic and provides spatial diversity to minimize long periods of fading in fading subchannels of the OFDM signals when the receiver is in a slow moving or stationary situation. To overcome the additional cancellation problem that can occur when two or more of the transmitting antennas are in a line-of-site position with the receiver and approximately the same distance from the receiver, a delay is deliberately introduced to make the delayed signal(s) appear to be reflected signals.

Abstract: A communication terminal includes first and second antennas for respectively communicating with first and second remote terminals and a single up-converter that is arranged to up-convert an input signal to produce an RF transmit signal. The communication terminal further includes a switching circuit, which is arranged to couple the single up-converter to the first antenna in order to transmit the RF transmit signal to the first remote terminal during first time intervals, and to couple the single up-converter to the second antenna in order to transmit the RF transmit signal to the second remote terminal during second time intervals, which do not overlap the first time intervals.

Abstract: A telecommunications card which includes a cavity in which an antenna structure is movably mounted between a first position in which the antenna structure is substantially located within the cavity and a second position in which the antenna structure is extended from the cavity, the telecommunications card further including moving mechanism for moving the antenna structure from the first position to the second position, the antenna structure comprising a slide portion and an antenna portion which are movably connected to each other, wherein the antenna structure further including an erecting mechanism for erecting the antenna portion from the second position to a third position suitable for wireless communication with a telecommunications network.

Abstract: An antenna (104) and antenna interface system (200) are provided that allow both RF and baseband signals to be transported over a single antenna/communication device coaxial center connector (110, 120). A single wire memory device (134) is embedded into the antenna (104) and electrically coupled to the antenna's center conductor (110). Frequency diplexing (114, 116) is used to transport the single wire bus communications between the antenna (104) and the communication device, such as a radio (102).

Abstract: A compact, inexpensive antenna sharing device meeting requirements in terms of transmitter distortion characteristic and ESD characteristic is provided which separates and combines signals transmitted and received in first to third signal bands and which thereby enables an antenna terminal to be shared as a common terminal. It includes a diplexer realizing an attenuation characteristic for protection against ESD, a compound semiconductor switch with an IIP3 of 66 dBm or more, and an inexpensive PIN diode switch.

Abstract: A transmitter includes a board, an electronic circuit provided on the board for outputting a transmission signal, an amplifier provided on the board for amplifying the transmission signal, an antenna terminal provided on the board and arranged to be connected to an antenna, and a transmission path arranged along a border of the board. The transmission path is connected to an output port of the amplifier and the antenna terminal. The transmission path supplies the amplified transmission signal to the antenna terminal. This transmitter prevents the transmitting signal from entering into other circuits, and thus, has preferable transmission characteristics.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, An information processor includes a main unit, a display unit configured to be connected to the main unit so as to be rotated, an antenna configured to be built into the display unit, a detection unit configured to detect a state of the display unit, a storage unit configured to store a gain value of the antenna corresponding to the state of the display unit, and a setting unit configured to read to set the gain value of the antenna from the storage unit in response to the state of the display unit detected by the detection unit.

Abstract: A network device is disclosed, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a transceiver adapted to transmit and receive information and an internal antenna and an external antenna connector coupled to the transceiver. A housing encloses the transceiver, the internal antenna, and the external antenna connector, with the housing having a door operable to provide access to the external antenna connector for coupling an external antenna.

Abstract: A transceiver with interference signal rejection has a transmission path and a reception path. The transmission path is connected to a transmission amplifier whose output is coupled to an antenna. In addition, the antenna is also connected to the reception path. A compensating apparatus is provided which is coupled to an input of the reception path. The output of the transmission path and the input of the transmission amplifier also have an extraction element connected between them which is connected to an input of the compensating circuit. A signal component of a transmitted signal is extracted before amplification to an output level and is routed to the reception path via the compensating circuit such that this compensates for a crosstalk transmitted signal component.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for selecting a transmission mode in a multi-antenna system are provided. The method includes checking a channel characteristic of a transmitting end using a signal received over at least two antennas; and determining a multi-antenna transmission mode according to the channel characteristic. Accordingly, the loss of the system capacity gain can be reduced and the capacity gain of the system can be increased.

Abstract: A wireless network card includes an adaptable antenna connection structure that includes connections for one or more internal antennas and for one or more Radio Frequency (RF) connectors that may be coupled to one or more external antennas. A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) and electronic components located thereon form the wireless network card. The PCB includes a removable portion that, when removed, leaves an opening that receives an RF antenna connector. When the PCB is used to create a client wireless network card, one or more surface mount antennas are mounted on the PCB and coupled to surface mount antenna conductive pads formed thereon. The wireless network card may include (1) the surface mount antenna; (2) the RF connector; or (3) both the surface mount antenna and the RF connector.

Abstract: A bangle or handle for supporting a mobile station that includes a continuous loop of resiliently compressible material. A portion of the length of the handle is configured to fit within a channel defined in a housing of the mobile station. A second length portion extends from the housing to form a loop of the handle that can be gripped by the user, or otherwise used to suspend the mobile station. The handle may also include a conducting element that extends through the loop and is in communication with a conducting contact of the loop. The conducting contact of the continuous loop can be positioned in overlying contact with a conducting contact of the housing of the mobile station. Such contact supplies power or signals to, and receives power or signals from, a device such as a light, fan, noise generator or camera, connected to the second length portion.

Abstract: An adjustable antenna interface includes a single-ended to differential conversion circuit, an adjustable impedance matching circuit, an RF differential switch, and an input. The single-ended to differential conversion circuit converts inbound RF signals from single-ended signals to differential signals and converts outbound RF signals from differential signals to single-ended signals. The adjustable impedance matching circuit provides an impedance based on an impedance control signal. The RF differential switch provides the differential outbound RF signals from the IC to the single-ended to differential conversion circuit in accordance with a first antenna control signal and provides the differential inbound RF signals from the single-ended to differential conversion circuit to the IC in accordance with a second antenna control signal. The input receives the first antenna control signal, the second antenna control signal, and the impedance control signal from the IC.

Abstract: A frequency modulation (FM) circuit, built in an electronic device, comprises an antenna circuit for signal receiving, an FM module connected with the antenna circuit for transforming FM signals of incoming signals into respective audio signals, and a controller connected with the FM module for forwarding the audio signals. The antenna circuit further includes an antenna, a low noise amplifier (LNA) and its matching circuit, a support structure, and a feed line. By providing the LNA and its matching circuit, the receiving sensitivity of the antenna circuit can be improved and the whole antenna circuit can be reduced to a size that is easily accommodated inside the electronic device. Also, an antenna circuit for the FM system circuit is provided as well.

Abstract: A system for reducing electromagnetic interference between two or more co-located antennas is described herein. In one embodiment, the system includes a first antenna for transmitting a first signal within a first frequency band, and a second antenna for operating within a second frequency band during transmission of the first signal. The first and second frequency bands may be substantially identical, or may occupy overlapping or nearby channels within the radio frequency spectrum. The system also includes an apparatus. In one embodiment, the apparatus is positioned proximate to the second antenna for intercepting the electromagnetic energy radiated from the first antenna during transmission of the first signal. In other embodiments, the apparatus may be positioned proximate to the first antenna for intercepting the electromagnetic energy radiated from the second antenna during transmission of a second signal.

Abstract: A monolithic AM transmitter is disclosed. An external antenna forms part of a resonance network so that the antenna resonance point is automatically tuned to the transmit frequency. This provides flexibility with no added cost to the transmitter. Additionally, components of the transmitter can be formed on a single monolithic integrated circuit.

Abstract: A monolithic AM transmitter is disclosed. An external antenna forms part of a resonance network so that the antenna resonance point is automatically tuned to the transmit frequency. This provides flexibility with no added cost to the transmitter.