Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus is made up of a transmission circuit block including an antenna that is laid out such that the transmission lines, i.e., the sum of the distance connecting respective circuit blocks between an output terminal of the transmission power amplifier to an input/output terminal of the antenna is shorter than the transmission line, i.e., the sum of the distance connecting respective circuit blocks between an input terminal of a transmission power amplifier and an output terminal of a RFIC disposed at a preceding stage of the transmission power amplifier. This arrangement realizes a wireless communications apparatus ensuring improvement of overall performance of the wireless application without reducing the total transmission loss or improving the performance of individual circuits.

Abstract: A mobile radio machine of folding type with simple structure which can receive a pull-out type whip antenna and function as antenna even when the antenna is restored is disclosed. In the mobile radio machine, when the antenna is pulled out, a change-over circuit 8 connects a radio circuit 12 with an impedance matching circuit 9 and supplies power to a linear antenna element 1 through a feeding terminal 5, so that only the linear antenna element 1 functions as antenna. When the antenna is restored, the change-over circuit 8 connects the radio circuit 12 with an impedance matching circuit 10 and supplies power to a coil antenna element 3 through a feeding terminal 6, and therefore only the coil antenna element 3 functions as antenna. Thus, antenna can be used in a small size, folding type mobile radio machine in simple structure.

Abstract: An antenna device arranged to facilitate communications within a computer system includes a core wound with an antenna thereon, the antenna further being connected with an electronic board. The core has a high magnetic permeability so as to increase the magnetic field intensity and enhance the efficiency of the antenna device. The wound-core antenna can dramatically reduce the length of the antenna so as to enable the device to fit into a miniature wireless device.

Abstract: A portable wireless communication device (22) and method for configuring the same when connected to a hands-free system in a vehicle (20). In one embodiment, the device (22) has an interface (36A) and a detector (70A). The interface (36A) is for connecting the wireless communication device (22) to a hands-free control unit (24) in the vehicle (20). The detector (70A) is for determining whether the interface (36A) is connected to the hands-free control unit (24) in the vehicle (20). The wireless communication device (22) may obtain vehicle information from the vehicle (20) when it is determined that the interface (36A) is connected to the hands-free control unit (24). The wireless communication device (22) also configures at least one operation of the wireless communication device (22) based on the obtained vehicle information. For example, the vehicle information may include data associated with a power loss for communicating through an external antenna (40) of the vehicle (20).

Abstract: A radio system includes a base station and a remote station. The base station includes a space-time encoder, an antenna system, a transmitter, a base station receiver, and a power management controller. The space-time encoder encodes a stream of symbols into first and second space-time coded signals, and the transmitter transmits the first and second space-time coded signals at respective first and second initial transmit powers from the antenna system so as to form respective first and second radiation patterns. The base station receiver receives power coefficient indicator information from the remote station, and the power management controller determines first and second adjusted transmit powers based on the respective first and second initial transmit powers and the power coefficient indicator information. In an alternative embodiment, a transmit station of a radio system includes a circuit to determine an angular power spectrum, a space-time encoder, and a transmitter.

Abstract: Techniques for predicting weights used for closed-loop transmit diversity. In a channel prediction scheme, channel gains for multiple transmit antennas are initially estimated (e.g., based on pilots received from these antennas) and used to derive predicted channel gains for a future time instant. The predicted channel gains are then used to derive predicted weights that are deemed to be “optimal” at the future time instant. Optimality may be determined based on one or more criteria, such as maximizing a received SNR for the received signals. In a weight prediction scheme, the channel gains for the multiple antennas are estimated and used to compute optimal weights for the current time instant. The current optimal weights are then used to predict the optimal weights at the future time instant. For both schemes, the prediction may be performed based on an adaptive filter (e.g., LMS or RLS filter) or a non-adaptive filter.

Abstract: An uplink power control system and method of the present invention includes a current sensing technique for predicting the P1 dB power compression point. A DC current sensor detects the level of DC current transmitted from a control unit to an antenna unit of the system. The current measurements are analyzed to generate a theoretical prediction of amplifier linearity as the power levels are increased. The change in DC current indicates an inflection point where the amplifier no longer behaves linearly to an increase in RF power. The inflection point is found by determining the various derivatives of the DC current curve. Analyzing the derivatives not only provides an accurate and consistent assessment of the P1 dB compression point, but also provides a prediction of the output power, and thus future performance of the system.

Abstract: A wireless data communication system simultaneously transmits data signals from more than one antenna with a deterministic, time-dependent phase difference between the signals. In one example, more than one antenna transmits the same data signal with a phase difference between the transmitted signals. In another example multiple users' data signals are simultaneously transmitted using a corresponding plurality of beams that each use at least two transmitting antennas. Transmissions to multiple users on a shared packet data channel can be scheduled at the same time. In one example, the phase difference is periodic and the beams are orthogonal to maximize system throughput even when one or more users is stationary or slowly moving.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for use in a communication system comprising at least one transmitter and at least one receiver, said at least one transmitter comprising a plurality of transmitting antennas, said method comprising the steps of transmitting from at least one but not all of said transmitting antennas a reference signal on a respective first channel; transmitting data from said transmitting antennas on respective second channels, wherein the second channels transmitted by said at least one but not all transmitting antennas are supported by the respective first channel and the second channels transmitted by the other of said transmitting antennas are supported by a reference signal provided in the respective second channel.

Abstract: An impedance matching circuit (140) includes a capacitive element (C1, 220), having a capacitance C, coupled in parallel with an output node (215) of the matching circuit, and an inductor (L1, 225) coupled in series with a transmission line (T1, 230) between the input node and the output node. The transmission line has a length that, in combination with the inductor, provides impedance substantially equal to the input impedance of the transmission circuit (150) at a frequency of interest. In one embodiment, the inductor is connected to an output (195) of an amplifier (180), and the transmission line is connected to the inductor and to the output (215). The capacitive element is connected to the transmission line such that the length of the transmission line between the inductor and the capacitive element provides the desired inductance.

Abstract: An antenna that includes a radiating element and a feed capacitor element is disclosed. The radiating element is at least substantially balanced and the feed capacitor element is capacitively coupled to the radiating element. Also disclosed is a wireless device that utilizes an inverted C-type antenna.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus is provided, which realizes a desired impedance matching state between a retractable antenna and a circuit connected thereto in both a situation where the antenna environment is similar to a free space and a situation where the antenna environment is dissimilar from a free space.

Abstract: A duplexer structure for allowing an RF transmitter and an RF receiver to share a common antenna includes impedance matching circuitry to match the receiver input impedance to the antenna impedance during a receive operation and impedance transformation circuitry to transform the antenna impedance to a lower impedance at the receiver input terminals during a transmit operation. The impedance matching circuitry and the impedance transformation circuitry of the duplexer share one or more passive components, thus reducing the overall number of components required to implement the duplexer. This reduction in component count reduces the amount of chip area required to implement the duplexer and increases the ease with which the RF transceiver is integrated onto a semiconductor chip. In one embodiment, the duplexer uses a differential topology to provide common mode noise rejection and even harmonic distortion cancellation within a transceiver.

Abstract: A device for reducing radiation from an antenna of a portable telephone, includes a main body having an outer body with a central bore, and an antenna gripping member mounted in the bore and having an antenna receiving opening for receiving the antenna of the telephone; a radiation reducing lead shield mounted to an outer surface of the main body and extending only partially therearound for reducing electromagnetic radiation from the antenna to a person using the telephone; a cover body in surrounding relation to the main body and the radiation reducing shield, and including a cover opening in alignment with the antenna receiving opening; and indicia on the cover body for indicating an orientation of the main body on the antenna such that the radiation reducing shield is positioned on a side of the antenna which is opposite from the earpiece speaker.

Abstract: A composite beamforming technique is provided wherein a first communication device has a plurality of antennas and the second communication has a plurality of antennas. When the first communication device transmits to the second communication device, the transmit signal is multiplied by a transmit weight vector for transmission by each the plurality of antennas and the transmit signals are received by the plurality of antennas at the second communication device. The second communication device determines the best receive weight vector for the its antennas, and from that vector, derives a suitable transmit weight vector for transmission on the plurality of antennas back to the first communication device. Several techniques are provided to determine the optimum transmit weight vector and receive weight vector for communication between the first and second communication devices so that there is effectively joint or composite beamforming between the communication devices.

Abstract: A monolithic AM transmitter is disclosed. An external antenna forms part of a resonance network so that the antenna resonance point is automatically tuned to the transmit frequency. This provides flexibility with no added cost to the transmitter.

Abstract: According to some embodiments of the present invention, an impedance transformation circuit is provided for use with a transmitter, a receiver, and an antenna. The transmitter may provide transmission signals for transmission by the antenna. The antenna may provide received signals having an associated signal parameter to the receiver. The impedance transformation circuit includes an impedance adjusting circuit and a controller. The impedance adjusting circuit is connected between the antenna, the receiver, and the transmitter. The impedance adjusting circuit is configured to change an impedance difference presented between at least one of: 1) the transmitter and the antenna, and 2) the antenna and the receiver, in response to a control signal. The controller generates the control signal to change the presented impedance difference in response to a signal parameter.

Abstract: A portable FM stereo RF transmitter having an audio plug extending therefrom directly or via a cable and which mates with the earphone or output jack of an audio source such as a portable battery operated CD or tape player and having no external antenna. The portable RF transmitter modulates audio signals from the audio source onto an FM carrier and transmits them to an FM receiver mounted on a headset worn by a user. The RF transmitter uses its own ground circuit and the ground circuit of the audio source as two elements of a short dipole. The two ground circuits are electrically isolated at RF by an RF choke but connected together at audio frequencies by the low impedance of the choke at audio. The choke's leakage inductance also reduces the capacitive reactance of the dipole antenna for better power dissipation. A transformer coupling the RF output to the dipole transforms the impedance of the dipole to a value closer to the output impedance of the RF transmitter.

Abstract: Compact, planar inverted-F antennas are provided that radiate within multiple frequency bands for use within communications devices, such as radiotelephones. Multiple signal feeds extend from a conductive element in respective spaced-apart locations. A respective plurality of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are electrically connected to the signal feeds and are configured to selectively connect the respective signal feeds to ground or RF circuitry. In addition, each MEMS switch can be opened to electrically isolate a respective signal feed.

Abstract: A monolithic AM transmitter is disclosed. An external antenna forms part of a resonance network so that the antenna resonance point is automatically tuned to the transmit frequency. This provides flexibility with no added cost to the transmitter. Additionally, components of the transmitter can be formed on a single monolithic integrated circuit.

Abstract: A synchronization circuit modulates a data signal with an amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation method using an ASK modulation signal to output a modulated signal under the condition that the ASK modulation system and data signal are synchronized with each other. A drive circuit executes a push-pull operation based on the modulated signal and a resonance circuit resonates, under the push-pull operation of the drive circuit, to transmit a transmission signal in a radio wave. The synchronous signal controls a switching device to cut off a connection between the resonance circuit and the ground in synchronization with the modulated signal. Thereby, the transmission signal is generated sharply in the signal transmitter.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a cellular communications system; comprising a plurality of voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) measurement means located at respective connections to antennas of said communications system and at respective discontinuities in radio transmission lines to said distributed antennas; wherein each said VSWR measurement means is individually identifiable, has a respective threshold, and is arranged to compare its measured VSWR value to its respective threshold and identifiably indicate an error status if its measured VSWR value exceeds its threshold. Also described is a corresponding method of monitoring a cellular communications system. Also described is a VSWR measurement apparatus, and an antenna arrangement comprising an antenna and such a VSWR measurement apparatus.

Abstract: A light emitting antenna of a cellular phone comprises an insulative guided light scattering/radiating member arranged within a transparent or translucent antenna top protection cap fixed with the main body portion. The surface of the guided light scattering/radiating member is made coarse, and a helical antenna is wound around and held by the main body portion. A light introducing portion is held by the antenna top protection cap. A light source is arranged in a position as opposed to an end surface of the guided light scattering/radiating member. Power of the light source is supplied from a battery without using a transmitted/received electric wave.

Abstract: A communication system (network), such as communication system is a millimeter wave (MMW) communication system, comprise a serial chain of nodes, comprising a middle node (#1) a first adjacent node (#2) on a one side of the middle node and a second adjacent node (#3) on an opposite side of the middle node, each of the middle, first adjacent and second adjacent nodes comprising a transmitter and a receiver, a first antenna at the middle node (#1) for transmitting and receiving over a first link with the second adjacent node (#3), a second antenna at the middle node (#1) for transmitting and receiving over a second link with the first adjacent node (#2) and means for performing interference cancellation in one or both of the transmitter and receiver of the middle node. Various embodiments of multidimensional equalizer are disclosed for performing interference cancellation.

Abstract: Transmit power of an external antenna unit coupled to a wireless device is controlled by obtaining an output power measurement of the information signal transmitting from an antenna unit, which when operating with wireless network technology may also be referred to as an outdoor unit. The output power measurement is used by a hand held device, to adjust the power of the transmitted information signal. The output power measurement is determined by obtaining an output power measurement, modulating the power measurement onto a carrier, and transmitting the modulated measurement signal to hand held device. The modulated measurement signal is received by a cradle or hand held wireless device and demodulated. The hand held device uses the measurement to adjust the transmit power of the information signal.

Abstract: Extraction of a retractable antenna 10 from a cabinet is detected by an antenna containing unit 20. When the extraction of the retractable antenna 10 is detected, a control unit 40 controls a communication function unit 30 to request a channel connection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an expansion card for an electronic device, preferably a card-like wireless communication device, which card (CP) comprises a cover surface (1) and a bottom surface (2) as well as an outer surface (3) edging said card (CP), and which card (CP) further comprises at least an antenna structure. Said antenna structure (ANT) is arranged as a flexible strip (4) attaching to said card (CP) and extending at least partly outside said outer surface (3). According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the strip is also arranged for pulling out said card (CP) from an expansion card interface slot. According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, said strip (4) is arranged to be folded against said card (CP).

Abstract: A transceiver system is disclosed for use in a telecommunication system. The transceiver system includes a transmission circuit including a differential transmitter input coupled to a differential input of a transmission amplifier, a receiver circuit including a differential receiver output coupled to a differential output of a receiver amplifier, and a transmission line interface circuit that is coupled to a differential output of the transmission amplifier and to a differential input of the receiver amplifier. The transmission line interface circuit providing a second order high pass transfer function.

Abstract: A power amplifier load adjust system includes a power amplifier and a variable impedance network coupled to the output of the power amplifier. The variable impedance network presents a plurality of impedances to the output of the power amplifier responsive to a load control signal. A control circuit generates a transmit power command and a channel frequency command. Memory stores a plurality of control values as a function of output power and frequency. A processing circuit coupled to the variable impedance network, the control circuit, and the memory retrieves the plurality of control values and uses them to generate the load control signal in response to the transmit power command and the channel frequency command.

Abstract: A radio communications system is disclosed having an intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna. A first transmitter/receiver is located at a first point along the intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna, and is in communication with a user. A second transmitter/receiver is located at a second point along the intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna, and is in communication with an end-user. The intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna conducts radio frequency signals between the first and second transmitter/receiver. An intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna is also disclosed. The intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna comprises a roadway having a suitable wearing course material and an effective amount of radio frequency conductive material, sufficient to transmit and receive radio frequencies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of optimizing coverage by changing the antenna pattern (14). In a solution of the invention, the base station (10) orients the antenna lobe (14) in the vertical direction toward a terminal equipment (11-13) by changing the shape of the antenna lobe according to a timing advance. The nearer the terminal equipment (11-13) is to the base station (10), the more downward the antenna lobe (14) is oriented by turning the antenna lobe (14) primarily downward or by changing the shape of the antenna pattern (14). In this way, transmission power, and thereby interference, is reduced.

Abstract: A wireless local loop system is provided that includes a wireless base station that communicates with a subscriber station via a wireless link. The wireless link can carry a voice service, such as telephone calls, or a data service, such as internet browsing. The subscriber station includes a steerable antenna. A presently preferred steerable antenna for use with the subscriber station includes a driven element mounted on a base plane that is surrounded by a plurality of parasitic elements also mounted to the base plane. The parasitic elements can be optionally grounded or floated in order to reflect the wireless link towards the driven element. The antenna can be oriented in a desired direction during the transception of a voice or data service. A method of transceiving between a wireless local loop subscriber station and a wireless local loop base station is also provided.

Abstract: An antenna circuit for a mobile telecommunication device. The circuit comprises a power amplifier for amplifying, in use, a signal to be transmitted. An antenna transmits signals output from the power amplifier. Switching means introduces, dependent upon the gain setting of the power amplifier, an attenuator between the output of the power amplifier and the antenna.

Abstract: In a mobile terminal device, an antenna holder for supporting an antenna is mounted on a casing by a holder fitting tightened with the antenna holder. The antenna holder is formed of a non-metal material, and the holder fitting is formed of a non-metal material. A signal-feeding member is supported at the holder fitting, and a signal is supplied via the signal-feeding member to the antenna from a signal-feeding circuit provided on a printed circuit board. Further, the upper outside section of the antenna holder is formed of a non-metal material, and the inside section thereof is formed of a metal material. The holder fitting is formed of a non-metal material, and the signal-feeding member is supported to the holder fitting. Then, the signal is fed to the antenna from the signal-feeding circuit through the signal-feeding member.

Abstract: A flip cover and antenna assembly for a portable phone is disclosed as being rotatably coupled to a main housing thereof. The flip cover and antenna assembly includes a first flip cover housing, a second flip cover housing matable with the first flip cover housing, and an antenna element positioned between the first and second flip cover housings. The antenna element further includes a ground plane bonded to the ground plane first surface. A dielectric foam is positioned over any remaining area of the ground plane first surface. The first and second flip cover housings have flanges which extend from at least a portion thereof to wrap around corresponding edges of the main housing, which enables extensions of the ground plane to be provided conforming to the flanges. The ground plane may also be patterned in order to control the radiation pattern thereof and limit any interference from other components of the portable phone.

Abstract: A polar loop transmitter circuit arrangement includes a circuit input, a circuit output and a controllable signal source. A modulator is coupled between the signal source and the output, whilst a first logarithmic amplifier is provided having its input coupled to the circuit input. A second logarithmic amplifier is also provided having its output coupled to the circuit output. An output of each logarithmic amplifier is coupled to a respective input of a comparator, and an output of the comparator is coupled to an input of the modulator. The logarithmic amplifiers can be successive detection logarithmic amplifiers, such amplifiers having an RF output which is amplitude limited and can be designed to have constant phase limited output.

Abstract: A transmission portion of a front end for a portable communication device, in accordance with the present invention, includes a first transmission antenna coupled to a first output of a branching device for transmitting signals having a power below a threshold value. A power amplifier is coupled to a second output of the branching device. The power amplifier provides amplification to signals to be transmitted. A second transmission antenna is connected to an output of the power amplifier such that the power amplifier is switched off for transmission signals having a power below the threshold value and switched on to amplify transmission signals above the threshold value.

Abstract: Communication device (1) including at least one headset (2) constituted by a microphone or osteomicrophone (5) such as an accelerometer, and at least one earphone (6a, 6b), characterized in that it includes means enabling compatibility with various types of transceivers (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d).

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method providing beam forming and selection to provide desired signals to/from signal processing devices such as cell site modems. Systems of the present invention are operable with multi-beam antenna arrays to utilize antenna beams provided by the multi-beam antenna array and to form antenna beams which supplement the antenna beams formed by the multi-beam antenna array. Additionally, systems of the present invention are operable with adaptive array antennas to form antenna beams having desired characteristics. Preferably, predefined sets of beam forming weighting characteristics are utilized to provide a hybrid adaptive beam forming technique wherein antenna beams having predetermined characteristics may be rapidly selected and formed. Additionally, dynamically determined sets of beam forming weighting characteristics may be utilized to provide additional antenna beams having other desired characteristics.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus comprises a box-like casing. A substrate mounting section to which a wiring substrate is mounted is arranged within the casing. The substrate mounting section includes a guide section for determining the installing position of the wiring substrate. The wiring substrate is covered with a flexible insulator. Further, the insulator includes a fixed end fixed to the casing and a free end that is caught in the casing. The free end of the insulator is caught on the casing so as to have the wiring substrate held between the insulator and the substrate mounting section.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus includes a transceiver coupled to an antenna structure with many directional antennas that form a radiation pattern. The antenna structure gives greater importance to certain directions of transmission. A power regulation device is controlled by a control element for modifying the radiation pattern. The control element includes switches for selectively activating/deactivating the directional antennas to modify the radiation pattern. A proximity detection device measures at least one proximity parameter and feeds the control element with a proximity indication for controlling the power regulation device to reduce the radiation pattern in the direction of the radio communication apparatus user. The proximity detection device includes a humidity and/or a temperature detector.

Abstract: A moveable antenna system with a position sensor circuit and a circuit which transmits the position sensing data and the radio frequency (RF) on the same wire. The position sensor comprises a sensing pin and a sense track concentric with the coaxial cable for the RF signal. When the antenna is in the preferred position for transmission, the sensing pin is in contact with the sense track, thus closing a switch, allowing the unit to transmit RF signals. Otherwise, the sensing pin is not in contact with the sense track, preventing any transmission of data. The signal that results from the opening and closing of the switch is carried on the same transmission line as the RF signal. This is accomplished by using capacitors to block direct current (DC) from the transmission line and using resistors and shunt capacitors to prevent any leakage of RF signals onto the sensing circuit.

Abstract: A long-range communications apparatus utilizing modulated-reflector technology is described. The apparatus includes an energy-transmitting base station and remote units that do not emit radiation in order to communicate with the base station since modulated-reflector technology is used whereby information is attached to an RF carrier wave originating from the base station which is reflected by the remote unit back to the base station. Since the remote unit does not emit radiation, only a low-power power source is required for its operation. Information from the base station is transmitted to the remote unit using a transmitter and receiver, respectively. The range of such a communications system is determined by the properties of a modulated-reflector half-duplex link.

Abstract: An antenna (100) includes a rectangular dielectric substrate (102); and a U-shaped conductive strip attached to a first surface of the substrate, the U-shaped conductive strip having two side members (202, 203), each about one-eighth a predetermined wavelength in length, and an end member (204) forming a substantially rectangular slot (206) extending parallel to the long edges of the substrate, the slot closed at a first end (212) by the end member, and open at a second end (208).

Abstract: In a radio apparatus including a transmitter unit and an antenna unit, a detector is located in the vicinity of an antenna in the antenna unit rather than in the transmitter unit. The detector supplies a rectified signal from a transmission wave which is to be radiated from the antenna and the rectified signal is supplied to a control circuit in the transmission unit as a feedback component. A control signal is then determined by the control circuit based on the rectified signal and supplied to a variable attenuator to increase/decrease power of the transmission wave.

Abstract: Disclosed is a base station transmission apparatus in a mobile communication system using transmit antenna diversity between a base station with a plurality of antennas and a mobile station. A modulator generates a complex symbol in response to a coded symbol. A first spreader generates a plurality of different complex symbols in response to the complex symbol, and generates a plurality of first spread complex symbols by spreading the generated complex symbols with a first orthogonal code assigned to the mobile station. A second spreader generates a plurality of same complex symbols in response to the complex symbol from the modulator, spreads the same complex symbols with a second orthogonal code, and generates a plurality of second spread complex symbols by multiplying the spread complex symbols by weights for the antennas, determined based on feedback information indicating reception status of a base station signal. A summer sums up the first complex symbols and the second complex symbols.

Abstract: A mobile telephone uses a laser diode to indicate the presence of incoming telephone calls. The laser diode is energized by the incoming radio frequency (rf) signal by rectifying the rf signal to produce dc voltage. The antenna assembly has a transparent window for the emitted light to radiate. The emitted light passes through a patterned mask to generate artistic light rays. Using different kinds of semiconductor material for the laser diode, the laser diode can emit different colors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transmission or transmission/reception device having a transmission path structure which makes it possible to increase the range of variation of the transmission power without degrading the signal-to-noise ratio. The attenuation is achieved in part in an internal unit 5 and in part in an external unit 4 with the aid of a switching circuit 25 which short-circuits or otherwise the amplifier 20 of the antenna 21.

Abstract: Antenna systems for electronic devices, such as radiotelephones, include a paging antenna that enhances paging mode operation when a pivotable primary antenna is in a stored position. Paging antennas are disposed within a hinge rotatably secured to one end of a radiotelephone housing. A primary antenna, in electrical communication with the transceiver, is secured to the hinge and rotatable therewith along a predetermined path of rotation from a stored position adjacent the housing to an operating position extending away from the housing. Radiation axes for a primary antenna and a paging antenna are orthogonal.

Abstract: A television signal distribution device comprises a plurality of downgoing cables (1-4) corresponding to signals received from various satellites (10-40). Signals received by terrestrial transmission (50, T) are added to each of these cables. Digital data signals received from different satellites are converted to a lower frequency in down-converters (DC1-DC5) and together brought to within the range of the terrestrial signals (T). For each group of users there is provided a converter (94) for putting the digital data signals into a customary frequency band which can be used by a standard satellite modem (95).