Abstract: The present invention provides a miniature, built-in multi-band antenna which is suitable for use in future compact mobile terminals. According to exemplary embodiments, a semi built-in printed antenna is provided which includes patch elements of different sizes and capable of being tuned to different frequency bands. An internal patch element is located on a printed circuit board (PCB) within a communication device and another patch element is located outside the PCB. On each patch element is formed a slot which divides the patch element into sub-parts. Each sub-part of the internal patch element is structured so as to be resonant at a frequency in the same frequency band to which the internal patch element is tuned. Each sub-part of the external patch element is similarly structured but having a resonance with a larger bandwidth than the internal patch element and at a frequency band to which the external patch element is tuned.

Abstract: An improvement in the design and deployment of collocated radio transceivers for high-speed wireless Internet access accomplished by increased isolation brought about by wrapping each transceiver in a shield of mild steel, enclosing collocated transceivers and associated equipment in non-reflective enclosures, use of low loss RF coaxial cables, and use of high isolation parabolic horn antennas.

Abstract: A card-like wireless communication device including at least a frame part and an antenna structure, the antenna structure comprising an antenna part and fixing means for arranging the antenna part in connection with the frame part. The card-like wireless communication device also includes a first part and a second part, the parts being arranged to be movable in relation to each other in at least the longitudinal direction of the card-like wireless communication device. The first part is arranged as the frame part and the second part is arranged as the antenna part which can be moved in at least two different positions.

Abstract: A method provides a technique for optimally combining communication beams. The method forms a plurality of beams from captured signals. One beam is selected as the primary beam while a subset of the others are applied to auxiliary receivers. A digital signal processor weights and combines these primary and secondary beams.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal having adaptive array antennas is provided that is capable of transmitting signals to an intended base station without interfering other devices, even when a reception error occurs. The mobile communication terminal basically performs array transmission/reception using weight vectors produced in reception to weight and combine signals received via antennas, and thereby receives a desired signal. In transmission, the mobile communication terminal uses the weight vectors used in reception to weight and combine transmission signals and transmits them. However, when an error detection circuit detects a reception error in the desired signal, a transmission control unit turns off a switch for the antenna and transmits the transmission signals in a non-directional pattern via the antenna, so that the transmission signal reaches the intended base station.

Abstract: A transmitter-receiver circuit for radio communication, comprising a low-noise receiver amplifier (20); a first matching circuit (40) which converts the input impedance of the amplifier (20); a transmitter amplifier (10) including a second matching circuit (50) and a third matching circuit (60) which convert the impedances to transmitting signals; and a mode switch (30) for changing from transmitting to receiving and vice versa. The transmitter amplifier (10) has a control terminal (14) connected to the gate electrode of a high-power FET (12), and the output terminal (15A) of the terminal (10) is connected to an antenna (80) not through the switch (30).

Abstract: A system and method for controlling transmitted output power of hand held wireless devices used with external antenna units. Transmit power of information signals is controlled in the hand held device by obtaining design specification parameters of the antenna unit, which includes an output power measurement of the information signal transmitting from the antenna unit, which may also be referred to as an outdoor unit. The output power measurement is used by the hand held device, to adjust the power of the transmitted information signal. The output power measurement is determined in the antenna unit by obtaining a digital output power measurement, modulating the power measurement, and transmitting the modulated measurement signal to the hand held device. The modulated measurement signal is received by a cradle supporting the hand held device, or the device itself and demodulated. The hand held device uses the measurement to adjust the transmit power of the information signal.

Abstract: A trainable transmitter includes code generation circuitry and a socket for receiving a plug-in module including circuitry for generating an RF signal. By selecting the appropriate plug-in module, the user can expand the frequency transmission range of the transmitter beyond that which may be pre-installed on the transmitter.

Abstract: A portable telephone having an antenna for transmitting and/or receiving a wireless signal, a microphone for generating a sound signal corresponding to an input sound, a transmitting and receiving circuit for generating a wireless signal corresponding to the sound signal generated by the microphone to transmit the wireless signal through the antenna and generating a sound signal corresponding to the wireless signal received by the antenna, a receiver for outputting sound corresponding to the sound signal generated by the transmitting and receiving circuit, a shield case for surrounding and housing all or part of the transmitting and receiving circuit and being conductive, an electric wave absorber with one face in contact with a predetermined area of the shield case for absorbing an electric wave, and a conductive layer formed on another face of the electric wave absorber and electrically connected to the shield case.

Abstract: A radio communication device includes an antenna for a predetermined frequency band, a radio communication circuit connected to the antenna, and a ground pattern connected to the antenna, a peripheral length of the ground pattern being 0.7 to 1.4 times as great as one wavelength of the predetermined frequency band. With the structure, it is possible to obtain a broader band characteristic without deteriorating the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

Abstract: A folding mobile phone with incorporated antenna is disclosed. A folding mobile phone comprises a first and second housings connected by a hinge mechanism each other. A first conductive film is incorporated with the first housing, and a second conductive film is incorporated with the second housing. When the mobile phone is in an open position a monopole antenna is constituted by the first and second conductive films, when the mobile phone is in a closed position the second conductive film acts as a ground plane.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus including a transmitter unit and an antenna unit, a detector is located in the vicinity of an antenna in the antenna unit rather than in the transmitter unit. The detector supplies a rectified signal from a transmission wave which is to be radiated from the antenna and the rectified signal is supplied to a control circuit in the transmission unit as a feedback component. A control signal is then determined by the control circuit based on the rectified signal and supplied to a variable attenuator to increase/decrease power of the transmission wave.

Abstract: An electromagnetic radiation protection device of a mobile phone installed at one side of an antenna of a mobile phone. The device comprises an electromagnetic wave absorbing piece, a dielectric plate, an electronic joint loop, a negative electrode lead, etc. The electromagnetic wave absorbing piece serves to absorb the electromagnetic wave toward the user's head. Then the electromagnetic wave irradiates to the negative electrode lead of a power source through the electronic joint loop and the negative electrode lead. Thereby, the electromagnetic radiation from the mobile phone to user's head will be reduced effectively, and the threat of brain harm is also reduced.

Abstract: An improvement in the design and deployment of collocated radio transceivers for highspeed wireless Internet access accomplished by increased isolation brought about by wrapping each transceiver in a shield of mild steel, enclosing collocated transceivers and associated equipment in non-reflective enclosures, use of low loss RF coaxial cables, and use of high isolation parabolic horn antennas.

Abstract: A transmit/receive antenna selectively operates to transmit or receive at one or more of a plurality of different frequencies in the MHz range. A planar transmission line diplexer or multiplexer that is selected from the group microstrip multiplexer diplexer/multiplexer and stripline diplexer/multiplexer connects an input/output port to a plurality of antenna ports that are physically spaced from each other and from the input/output port. One antenna element is connected to each of the antenna ports. The transmission line diplexer/multiplexer includes a plurality of individual microstrip/stripline elements that have a characteristic impedance and a length that are selected such that the transmission line diplexer/multiplexer automatically provides a matched impedance path between a given antenna element and the input/output port when an antenna-matching frequency is received by the given antenna element or when the antenna matching frequency is applied to the input/output port.

Abstract: Radiotelephones include flat blade antennas and flip configurations. The flat blade antenna and flip are mounted to the radiotelephone via dual hinges. The flat blade antenna is configured to be captured by the flip to define a cover in the stow position. The flat blade antenna rotates separate from the flip. The flat blade antenna opens to an angular position greater than the adjacently mounted flip.

Abstract: A detector circuit (1) includes a coupler (2) having a primary port (10) and a reflector port (11). The primary port (10) has an input node for receiving radio frequency signals from an amplifier (7) and an output node coupled to an antenna port (ANT). There is a rectification circuit (3) having an input coupled to the reflector port (2) and a low pass filter (4) is coupled to an output of the rectification circuit (3). The detector circuit also includes a comparator (5) having a reference input (Vref) and a signal input (Vin). The reference input (Vref) is set to a voltage threshold level and the signal input is coupled to an output of the low pass filter (4). In use signals at an output of the comparator (5) are indicative of a missing or mismatched antenna coupled to the antenna port (ANT).

Abstract: A antenna of a mobile station is composed of a first antenna section having a helical section and a first contact and a rod-like second antenna section coupled at its one end to the first contact and having a second contact at the other end. When the second antenna section is housed in the casing, the first contact comes to face the internal surface of a feeding terminal with the result that it is capacitive-coupled with a matching circuit. When the second antenna section is pulled out of the casing, the second contact comes in direct contact with the feeding terminal with the result that it is directly connected to the matching circuit. Thereby, the band of resonant frequencies when the antenna is housed in the casing is widened and the antenna gain when the antenna is pulled out of the casing is improved.

Abstract: A portable wireless unit of the invention has a first plane antenna smaller than an antenna size determined by a desired frequency, and a second plane antenna presenting an antenna size determined by the desired frequency on the whole by coupling with the first plane antenna.

Abstract: Two sensors 2, 3 are provided for detecting an interception object on respective different surfaces of device housing 1 of a portable radio device. Two antennas 4, 5 are provided in the state of having directivity in respective different directions in device housing 1. Also provided are switching unit 8 for selectively connect antenna 4 or 5 to transmit-receive unit 7 and control unit 6 for controlling the same. Detection signals of respective sensors 2, 3 are applied to control unit 6 in the state that device housing 1 is fitted to a human body, the fitting direction of device housing 1 is determined through the detection signals, and switching unit 8 is controlled such that one of antennas 4, 5 on the side not contact with the human body is selected.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus for performing the authentication processing with another apparatus via radio communication, comprises an antenna section composed to be detachably fitted to the apparatus, a connection section for detecting the detachment of the antenna section, and a control section for performing the authentication processing upon the detection of detachment of the antenna section by the connection section. Electric wave release and reception efficiency can be attenuated considerably, and the authentication information is prevented from arriving at an unspecified other party, as the control section passes to the authentication processing in connection with the detachment of the antenna section from the apparatus, and the antenna section is already detached when the authentication processing starts.

Abstract: A switch body has a wiper switch unit installed with a wiper operation lever, and a turn signal switch unit installed with a turn signal operation lever installed respectively therein. The switch body also has a CPU, a keyless reception circuit and an anti-burglar amplifier circuit incorporated therein. An antenna for the keyless reception circuit located within the wiper operation lever also functions as an antenna for the anti-burglar amplifier circuit.

Abstract: A system for slidable connection of a satellite antenna to a mobile radio comprising: the satellite antenna including a satellite antenna element and at least one antenna contact coupled thereto; and at least one slide strip, slidably coupled with the at least one antenna contact when the antenna is in a plurality of retracted positions, the at least one slide strip being coupled to a transceiver in the mobile radio and conducting radio-frequency signals to maintain communication with the mobile radio.

Abstract: Antenna systems for electronic devices, such as radiotelephones, include a paging antenna that enhances paging mode operation when a pivotable primary antenna is in a stored position. Paging antennas are disposed within a hinge rotatably secured to one end of a radiotelephone housing. A primary antenna, in electrical communication with the transceiver, is secured to the hinge and rotatable therewith along a predetermined path of rotation from a stored position adjacent the housing to an operating position extending away from the housing. Radiation axes for a primary antenna and a paging antenna are orthogonal.

Abstract: An oscillating circuit adjusts its oscillating frequency through the following method. A tip-open type strip-line stub coupled to the base terminal of the transistor. An electrical length of the stub is changed by an adjusting mechanism such as coupling the stub with conductive small lands provided near the stub tip by a chip resistor. A “kotatsu” employs a remote controller including this oscillating circuit.

Abstract: A monolithic AM transmitter is disclosed. An external antenna forms part of a resonance network so that the antenna resonance point is automatically tuned to the transmit frequency. This provides flexibility with no added cost to the transmitter.

Abstract: A planar radiating oscillator apparatus for micro- and milliwaves includes a pair of conductor patches disposed with their pointed portions in proximity and their far edges on opposite sides, a high-frequency transistor disposed between and connected to the conductor patches, a conductor planar surface disposed under and parallel to the fan-shaped conductor patches from which it is separated by a distance equal to between one-fifteenth and one-fifth the generated wavelength therefrom, and at least one direct current power source connected to the conductor patches and having a ground potential in common with a source potential of the high-frequency transistor.

Abstract: A transmission power control circuit includes a plurality of antennas, a plurality of reference voltages provided for the plurality of antennas, respectively, and an amplifier section for amplifying a transmission signal to produce a transmission output signal. A first switch selects one of the plurality of antennas in response to a switch control signal such that the transmission output signal is outputted from the selected antenna. A detecting unit detects a detection voltage for the transmission output signal. A second switch selects one of the plurality of reference voltages in response to the switch control signal. An error correction circuit controls the amplifier section based on the detection voltage and the selected reference voltage such that the transmission output signal has a predetermined power level.

Abstract: An internal, loop dipole antenna for a mobile terminal is capable of operating in two distinct RF bands. The antenna includes a resonating element and a parasitic tuning element. The resonating element has a looped, dipole configuration including a primary tuning loop, a secondary tuning loop, and a ground loop. The parasitic tuning element is disposed in a plane spaced from the plane of the resonating element. The parasitic element includes a first portion that generally follows the ground loop on the resonating element, and a second portion that bisects the primary tuning loop on the resonating element. First and second tuning arms extend along opposing ends of the parasitic tuning element. The length of the tuning arms is adjusted to tune the resonance of the antenna in the primary and secondary operating bands.

Abstract: A retractable ½ wave antenna having an integral matching section that can be used on a cellular telephone will be matched to a transceiver circuit when extended. When the antenna is retracted, it acts as a ¼ wave antenna and will still be matched to the transceiver circuit.

Abstract: A transmitting and receiving antenna VSWRs (voltage standing wave ratio) measuring circuit of a base station in a mobile communication system comprises: transmitting and receiving antennas for transmitting and receiving a radio frequency signal of a predetermined frequency band in a mobile communication system; transmitting antenna VSWR measuring means for variable-attenuating and detecting a transmitting signal received from the transmitting antenna and sending a transmitting signal strength to a measuring controller whereby to measure transmitting power and reflected power; and receiving antenna VSWR measuring means for variable-attenuating and detecting a receiving signal received from the transmitting antenna and sending a receiving signal strength to a measuring controller whereby to measure receiving power and reflected power.

Abstract: A transmitter for a cellular phone comprising an antenna and being operable at a first radio frequency band and a second radio frequency band is disclosed. The transmitter comprises a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier. The first power amplifier has a first input for a first signal at the first radio frequency band, a second input for a first control signal and a first output for an amplified first signal. The first output is connectable to the antenna. The second power amplifier has a third input for a second signal at the second radio frequency band, a fourth input for a second control signal and a second output for an amplified second signal. The second output is connectable to the antenna. The transmitter further comprises a single control module which receives a signal indicative of a current an active power amplifier draws. The control module uses this signal indicating the drawn current to generate a control signal to control the active power amplifier.

Abstract: An isolation improvement circuit for a dual-polarization antenna, the dual-polarization antenna consisting of both a transmitter and receiver antenna for simultaneously transmitting a transmission signal and receiving a receiver signal, in which the transmitter and receiver antennas are configured so as to be mutually orthogonal either by physical or electrical orientation in order to reduce how much of the transmitter signal is picked up by the receiver antenna. The isolation improvement circuit reduces the level of transmitter signal appearing at the output port of the receiver antenna by providing a time-delayed transmission signal that destructively interferes with the transmitter signal picked up by the receiver element.

Abstract: Shields for radiotelephones with a retractable antenna include a conductive tubular antenna guide operably associated with an electronic ground, and preferably configured to form an inductor or capacitor in a matching circuit operable when the antenna is in the retracted position. Associated methods include directing RF radiation produced by the antenna positioned internal to the radiotelephone along a longitudinal exit path out of the radiotelephone.

Abstract: A wireless communication system automatically aligns a magnetic induction field to establish a two-way communication link between a stationary base unit located, for example, at a user's work station, and a remote unit worn by the user, for example, as a headset or body pack. At any point in time, the base unit and the remote unit have an arbitrary relative orientation to each other. The base unit senses this orientation, then aligns the magnetic induction field to maintain the communication link with the remote unit. In one embodiment, the base unit preferably includes an aerial array having a number of mutually orthogonal windings. Each winding produces a signal when a magnetic induction field generated by the remote unit passes through the base unit. A selector module selects the longitudinal axis of the winding with the strongest signal as an approximation of a direction vector defining the orientation of the magnetic induction field relative to the base unit.

Abstract: An arrangement for measuring a condition of an antenna in a mobile telephone system has a radio equipment and a transmission line connecting the radio equipment to the antenna. The transmission line has opposite end sections, whereby one of the end sections of the transmission line is closer to the antenna than the other of the end sections of the transmission line. A masthead amplifier is at the one of the end sections of the transmission line, the masthead amplifier having first and second duplex filters, an RX branch, a TX branch and an amplifier element in the RX branch, wherein the RX branch, the TX branch and the amplifier element are between the duplex filters. The standing wave ratio is measured and a measuring value calculated therefrom within the one end section of the transmission line for measuring the condition of the antenna.

Abstract: A vehicle communication system includes a trainable transmitter that is connected with the antenna associated with the AM/FM radio receiver in the vehicle. The trainable transmitter preferably is capable of learning a variety of communication signals and then later, selectively transmitting them to communicate with a variety of external, remotely located devices. A system designed according to this invention allows a single antenna to be used for emitting signals and receiving signals and, moreover facilitates communication with a variety of remotely located devices such as a garage door opener and a home security system.

Abstract: An interrogation system for enabling transmission and/or reception of RF signals by a communication system. In accordance with the present invention, an interrogation is performed between a transceiver and an antenna prior to the transceiver transmitting or receiving RF signals via the antenna. The interrogation is used to determine whether the antenna transmits and/or receives RF signals having the power and/or frequency band required by the transceiver. The interrogation is performed by an interrogating device transmitting an interrogation signal to the other, responding device. The responding device transmits a response signal to the interrogating device in response to receiving the interrogation signal. The interrogating device determines if the response signal has a predetermined characteristic. If the response signal has the predetermined characteristic, transmission and/or reception of RF signals is enabled.

Abstract: A device for contactless transmission of at least data to mobile data carriers, in particular chip cards, via an electromagnetic field. The device includes an antenna (3) for emitting data to and/or receiving data from the mobile data carriers (15), an antenna field area (1) at least for covering the antenna (3), and spacers (5, 7). The antenna field area is bounded by edge regions and the spacers are located on at least one of the edge regions of the antenna field area (1). The spacers are configured to prevent areas of the human chest, back and pelvis from approaching too close to the antenna field area. They can be configured, e.g., as bows arranged at least on two opposite side edges (17, 19) of the antenna field area. Alternately, the device can be fashioned with a well (13) for holding the antenna field area or with at least one elevation (25, 27) on at least one edge region of the antenna field area in lieu of or in addition to the spacers.

Abstract: A communication device (10) for receiving or transmitting radiofrequency (rf) signals has a transceiver (12), signal processing circuitry (14) and a signal switch assembly (16). Assembly (16) has a jack (18), an antenna matching circuit (20) and a bypass circuit (22). Rf signals are provided to transceiver (12) through antenna matching circuit (20) when an antenna is connected to jack (18). However, antenna matching circuit (20) is bypassed so that the rf signals are provided to transceiver (12) through bypass circuit (22) when a connector from a signal cable is connected to jack (18). Bypass circuit (22) is actuated as such when a ground member of such a connector electrically connects a ground contact (26) and one other contact (28) within jack (18). Ground contact (26) and other contact (28) are annularly disposed around a signal contact (24) of jack (18).

Abstract: In a radio communication apparatus, a switch circuit is connected between a transmitter and first and second antennas. A control circuit is connected to the first antenna and the switch circuit and controls the switch circuit in accordance with a standing wave ratio measured from the first antenna. That is, when the standing wave ratio of the first antenna exceeds a predetermined value, the connection between the transmitter and the first antenna is switched to the connection between the transmitter and the second antenna.

Abstract: A shielding device for use with a communications device, the shielding device comprising an electrically conductive element, a support for slidably supporting the conductive element, a mount to mount the support in position relative to the communication device and a slider to slide the electrically conductive element from a retracted position to an extended position, the electrically conductive element, when in the extended position, having a predetermined position relative to the antenna of the communication device.

Abstract: An enclosed transceiver includes an integrated circuit and a battery together laminated between two films. Printed conductors on each film couple operative power to the integrated circuit. Other printed conductors form an antenna coupled to the transceiver for sending and receiving signals. In a preferred embodiment, the integrated circuit has three terminals. The first terminal is connected to a first side of a thin film battery. The second terminal is connected to a first side of a printed loop antenna. The third terminal serves two purposes being connected to the second side of the battery and to the second side of the loop antenna. The enclosing films are treated with silicon nitride for hermeticity. Enclosed transceivers of the present invention are suitable for mass production in web, sheet, and tape formats. Such transceivers are useful as stamps, labels, and tags in object tracking systems including systems for mail delivery, airline baggage tracking, and inventory control.

Abstract: Each transmitter/receiver pair of a radio base station is connected via an antenna bus and radio frequency feeder to antenna near parts equipment such as active antennas, boosters and tower mounted amplifiers. Automatic configuration and calibration of the antenna near parts equipment is accomplished by establishing communication between the base station and each of its connected antenna near part components. Each antenna near part component sends its identification to the base station over the antenna bus at power-on. Furthermore, communications selectively sent over the radio frequency feeder are monitored to determine the connectivity between individual transmitter/receiver pairs of the base station and each antenna near parts equipment. These radio frequency feeder communications are further processed to determine calibration data for configuring each antenna near parts equipment for optimal operation.

Abstract: A system that partitions or divides the functions of a radio into channels and divides the functions of each channel into two major functions: 1) antenna interface and power amplification; and 2) hardwired mixing, modulation/demodulation and signal processing and further partitions the mixing through signal processing functions into the functions of a) programmable analog mixing and b) programmable digital modulation/demodulation and signal processing. Control and user interface functions, if needed for a particular application can also be functionally partitioned.

Abstract: An integrated point-to-point microwave radio frequency unit/antenna has a housing, a microwave antenna affixed to the front face of the housing, and a microwave radio frequency transceiver electronics package within the housing. The transceiver electronics package includes a circuit board having transmitter and receiver intermediate frequency processors. The transceiver electronics package further includes a microwave transmitter and a microwave receiver, each utilizing monolithic microwave integrated circuit architecture. The signals of the microwave transmitter and microwave receiver are preferably of different frequencies and are diplexed for communication with the antenna.

Abstract: In a radio transmitter, an amplifier, a resonator and an antenna together form an oscillation loop. The oscillating energy of the oscillation loop is efficiently emitted from the antenna as a radio wave. Most of the oscillation power of the oscillation loop is supplied to the radiation resistance of the antenna because the transmitter has no components outside the loop which may consume the oscillation power.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided with an equipotential electrode structure. The device has a first substrate, a second substrate which is parallel to the first substrate, a number of sets of common electrodes formed on the first substrate and for receiving a voltage from a common electrode driving circuit, and a number of sets of segment electrodes formed on the second substrate and receiving a voltage from a segment electrode driving circuit. The resistance of leading parts of the segment electrodes or the common electrodes are gradually changed.

Abstract: A very-wide-dynamic-range amplifier with very low-noise in the high-gain mode and very high-input-overload in the low-gain mode. The amplifier utilizes two parallel signal paths, one a high-gain, low-noise path and the other a low-gain, high-input-overload path. Each path includes a gain-control capability so that the gain of each path, and the contribution of the gain of each path to the overall gain of the amplifier may be smoothly varied from a very low-gain to a very high-gain. Specific embodiments including input impedance matching capabilities are disclosed.