Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a WWAN test method and a test system related to the communication field, which is suitable for the product research and development stage and can derive a quantitative data relationship between a NFS test result and an OTA test result. The WWAN test method comprises: measuring a power value of noises, denoted by D(NFS), received by an antenna of a terminal to be tested in a NFS test manner; measuring a power attenuation value, denoted by D-sense, of a path from a WWAN module to the antenna of the terminal; obtaining an antenna efficiency value, denoted by AE, of the terminal; and obtaining a TIS value of an OTA test result by TIS=D(NFS)+D-sense?AE. The embodiments of the present disclosure can be used in the NFS test.

Abstract: A circuit for measurement of a phase noise of an oscillator may include the oscillator to generate a first signal having the same oscillation frequency as an instantaneous oscillation frequency of the oscillator. The circuit may include a first circuit that is configured to generate a second signal from the first signal. An instantaneous amplitude of the second signal may be related to the oscillation frequency of the first signal. A second circuit may be configured to integrate the second signal to generate a third signal. The third signal can be a measure of the phase noise of the oscillator. The third signal can be used to cancel some or all of the phase noise of the oscillator.

Abstract: Test systems for characterizing devices under test (DUTs) are provided. A test system for testing a DUT in a shunt configuration may include a signal generator and a matching network that is coupled between the signal generator and the DUT and that is optimized to apply desired voltage/current stress to the DUT with reduced source power. The matching network may be configured to provide matching and desired stress levels at two or more frequency bands. In another suitable embodiment, a test system for testing a DUT in a series configuration may include a signal generator, an input matching network coupled between the DUT and a first terminal of the DUT, and an output matching network coupled between the DUT and a second terminal of the DUT. The input and output matching network may be optimized to apply desired voltage/current stress to the DUT with reduced source power.

Abstract: A channel quality determining circuit includes a receiving circuit and a determining circuit. The receiving circuit is used for receiving a header of at least one packet transmitted in a signal transmitting channel. The determining circuit is coupled to the receiving circuit, and used for determining if a channel quality of the signal transmitting channel satisfies a predetermined quality standard according to the header of at least one packet.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, methods for controlling the second order intercept point in a receiver are provided, the methods comprising: generating an amplitude modulated test tone; causing the test tone to be received by a receiver; determining a characteristic of a second order intercept point of the receiver based on the received test tone; and based on the characteristic, adjusting a parameter of the receiver. In accordance with some embodiments, systems for controlling the second order intercept point in as receiver are provided, the systems comprising: a test tone generator that generates an amplitude modulated test tone; a receiver that receives the test tone; a correlator that determines a characteristic of a second order intercept point of the receiver based on the received test tone; and digital logic that, based on the characteristic, adjusts a parameter of the receiver.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for automated identification of baseline data and changes in state in a wireless communications spectrum, by identifying sources of signal emission in the spectrum by automatically detecting signals, analyzing signals, comparing signal data to historical and reference data, creating corresponding signal profiles, and determining information about the baseline data and changes in state based upon the measured and analyzed data in near real time, which is stored on each apparatus or device units and/or on a remote server computer that aggregates data from each of the units, wherein the data is accessible via remote computer devices.

Abstract: Systems and methods for suppressing interference from a data signal received at a receiving device, where the receiving device has two or more receive antennas, are provided. Characteristics of a channel are estimated, the channel being a channel through which the data signal was transmitted by a transmitting device to the receiving device. A spatial correlation of interference and noise received at the two or more receive antennas of the receiving device is determined based on the estimated characteristics of the channel. The spatial correlation indicates how the interference and noise received at a particular one of the receive antennas is related to the interference and noise received at another one of the receive antennas. The spatial correlation of the interference and noise is used to suppress interference and noise from the data signal received at the receiving device.

Abstract: A method includes transmitting a first set of transmission signals over an operating frequency band. The method includes detecting if a second set of transmission signals are transmitted adjacent the operating frequency band and reducing power to a subset of the first set of transmission signals when the second set of transmission signals are detected.

Abstract: This document discusses a method and device for initiating cell measurement. An initiating condition for initiating the measurement of a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) cell and/or a Hybrid cell is preset by the network side. The measurement of the CSG cells and/or Hybrid cells is initiated by a User Equipment (UE) when the initiating condition is satisfied. The UE automatically initiates the measurement of the CSG cell and/or Hybrid cell when the UE is close to its own footprint area or fingerprint area.

Abstract: A multi-radio mobile device comprises a plurality of different radios. When a location update occurs, the multi-radio mobile device, at a specific location, acquires location-based radio information from a remote location server. The multi-radio mobile device selects a radio for use in the specific location based on the acquired location-based radio information comprising available radios in the specific location and radio weights. The radio is selected from the available radios based on the radio weights in the specific location. Transmissions of a desired service are received in the specific location utilizing the selected radio. Location-based radio measurements reports to the remote location server are generated utilizing signal strength measurements for the received signals. Radio quality information of the available radios is calculated by the location server utilizing location-based radio measurement reports from associated users.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for efficiently transmitting or reporting a Power Headroom Report (PHR) of a User Equipment (UE) are provided. The method of transmitting the PHR of the UE in a mobile communication system includes configuring an extended PHR including an indicator corresponding to a variation factor of a maximum transmission power of the UE, and transmitting the extended PHR from the UE to a Base Station (BS). The BS may be notified of a maximum transmission power of the UE and a variation factor corresponding to the maximum transmission power in order to enable efficient scheduling.

Abstract: A network device is provided. The network device includes a processor having access to a memory storage device storing instructions for execution by the processor; and a first flexible port having a physical layer that can be configured to operate as a first link type or a second link type based on a control signal sent by the processor. The first flexible port receives a packet from the computing system. The first flexible port determines an egress flexible port for transmitting the packet to its destination. A routing module generates a route control tag for the packet that includes an identifier identifying the egress flexible port, a location identifier identifying where the packet is stored at the first flexible port and a translation identifier identifying an action that is to be performed on the packet at the egress port before sending the packet to the destination.

Abstract: A time domain switching analog-to-digital converter apparatus and methods of utilizing the same. In one implementation, the converter apparatus comprises a carrier signal source, and at least one reference source. The carrier signal is summed with the input signal and the summed modulated signal is fed to a comparator circuit. The comparator is configured detects crossings of the reference level by the modulated waveform thereby generating trigger events. The time period between consecutive trigger events is used to obtain modulated signal deviation due to the input signal thus enabling input signal measurement. Control of the carrier oscillation amplitude and frequency enables real time adjustment of the converter dynamic range and resolution. The use of additional reference signal levels increases sensor frequency response and accuracy. A dual channel converter apparatus enables estimation and removal of common mode noise, thereby improving signal conversion accuracy.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for a wireless integrated power test and measurement are provided. In this regard, concurrently with receiving a first signal via a first antenna, a second signal that indicates received signal strength of the first signal may be generated and transmitted via a second antenna. The second signal may be utilized to determine performance of the first antenna. A frequency of the generated second signal may be controlled so as to mitigate interference between the transmitted second signal and the received first signal. The first signal may be formatted in accordance with one or more first wireless standards and the second signal may be formatted in accordance with one or more second wireless standards. The received signal strength of the first signal may be determined via an analog-to-digital converter and the second signal may be updated at the sample rate of the analog-to-digital converter.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention provide a driving strength control apparatus and method and terminal equipment. The control apparatus comprises: a signal receiving unit to receive a test signal transmitted by a peripheral device; a signal sampling unit to sample the test signal received by the signal receiving unit to obtain a plurality of rising edges and falling edges of the test signal; an interval measuring unit to measure the time interval between a rising edge and a falling edge, or between a rising edge and another rising edge, or between a falling edge and another falling edge; and a controlling unit to adjust the driving strength imposed on the peripheral device according to the time interval. With the embodiments of the present invention, the driving strengths imposed on the peripheral device may be made identical, preventing signal deviation and improving the quality of compatibility.

Abstract: A cooperative system for testing signal strength near a target area selected by a wireless provider is disclosed, using test units installed in the fleet vehicles of an unrelated service enterprise. The system in one embodiment includes an algorithm for comparing test parameters to the route data contained in the dispatch plan for the fleet vehicles, in order to identify the optimal routes on which to send test units. A computer software product for storing the parameters and executing the algorithms is also disclosed. Signal testing in a target area is accomplished through the symbiotic relationship between the testing units and the fleet vehicles, whereby the wireless provider benefits from unit carriage along routes already being traveled by the fleet vehicles for a different purpose. This Abstract is provided quickly inform a reader about the subject matter, and not for use interpreting the scope or meaning of the claims.

Abstract: In a radio receiver, a method of reducing second order distortion components, involves at a first mixer, mixing an input signal with an oscillator signal to generate an I component of a received radio signal; at a second mixer, mixing the input signal with a phase shifted oscillator signal to generate a Q component of the received radio signal; where the I and Q components of the received signal have a receive bandwidth; computing an estimate of second order distortion components as a power output of the I and Q components between approximately the receive bandwidth and twice the receive bandwidth of the received radio signals; and adjusting an operational parameter of the radio receiver to reduce the estimated value of second order distortion components. This abstract is not to be considered limiting.

Abstract: An integrated circuit comprising processing logic for operably coupling to radio frequency (RF) receiver circuitry arranged to receive a wireless network signal. The receiver circuitry generates in-phase and quadrature digital baseband representations of the wireless network signal. The processing logic determines quadrature (I/Q) imbalance of the RF receiver circuitry based on the in-phase and quadrature digital baseband representations of the wireless network signal.

Abstract: A configurable transceiver may include a configurable receiver, a configurable transmitter, and a digital signal processor (DSP). One or more components of the configurable receiver and/or the configurable transmitter may be a block that includes an array of components, such as an array of amplifiers, an array of filters, etc. The DSP may determine a configuration of the configurable receiver that satisfies a bit error rate threshold and minimizes power consumption. The DSP may configure the blocks of the configurable receiver in accordance with the determined configuration of the configurable receiver. The DSP may receive an indication of a modulation scheme being used for transmitted data and may determine a configuration of the configurable transmitter for the modulation scheme that satisfies an error vector magnitude threshold and minimizes power consumption. The DSP may configure the blocks of the configurable transmitter in accordance with the determined configuration of the configurable transmitter.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method for detecting false peaks in a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) having a power control circuit, a measurement engine, and position engine. An estimated pseudorange is filtered over time. A false peak is declared if the filtered pseudorange error is greater than a threshold.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention includes a radio frequency (RF) receiver system. The system includes an antenna configured to receive an RF input signal and an RF signal front-end system configured to process the RF input signal to generate an equivalent digital signal. The system also includes a spoof detection system configured to analyze a power spectral density (PSD) of the equivalent digital signal and to compare the PSD of the equivalent digital signal with a predetermined baseline PSD to detect the presence of a spoofing signal component in the RF input signal.

Abstract: A method, receiver and program for processing radio signals to identity an n-ray channel condition. The method comprises: receiving signal samples and estimating a plurality of channel taps from the samples; estimating for each of the channel taps a signal power and a disturbance power; filtering the signal power to provide a filtered signal power quantity; filtering the disturbance power to provide a filtered disturbance power quantity; using the filtered power quantities to determine n strongest channel taps; generating first and second comparison parameters using the strongest channel taps and at least one other channel tap; providing a comparison result based on the first and second comparison parameters and a threshold value, and; identifying an n-ray channel condition from the comparison result.

Abstract: A method of demodulating a plurality of multiplexed modulation signals is provided, including: i) inputting the plurality of multiplexed modulation signals, each of which being outputted from a plurality of outputs of a communication partner, wherein each modulation signal in the multiplexed modulation signals includes a pilot symbol sequence consisting of a plurality of pilot symbols used for demodulation, ii) estimating respective channels of the multiplexed modulation signals based on one or more of the pilot symbol sequences; and iii) demodulating each modulation signal in the plurality of multiplexed modulation signals based on the channel estimation. Each of the pilot symbol sequences is inserted at a same temporal point in each modulation signal among the multiplexed modulation signals. The pilot symbol sequences are orthogonal to each other with zero cross correlation among the modulation signals in the multiplexed modulation signals, and each pilot symbol has a non-zero amplitude.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus is provided that includes a plurality of antennas and at least one receive or transmit circuit. The apparatus further includes a controller configured to: determine one or more performance characteristics associated with a first antenna while the circuit is connected to the first antenna; switch the circuit from the first antenna to a second antenna; determine one or more performance characteristics associated with the second antenna after the switch; compare the performance characteristics associated with the antennas; determine whether to maintain the switch to the second antenna or to switch the circuit back to the first antenna; and determine a duration of time to maintain a connection between the selected antenna and the circuit based, at least, on one or more performance characteristics. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.

Abstract: A non-intrusive and operational communication system monitoring and diagnostics. Loopback-type testing is facilitated through testing that is split between transmit and receive sections. Transmit testing on a port can be based on test packets that are removed from the transmission path by a PHY upon detection. Receive testing on a port can be based on live traffic packets.

Abstract: A system can include an input signal source, a local oscillator (LO), and an intermediate frequency (IF) receiver to receive an input signal from the input signal source and an LO signal from the LO. The IF receiver can include a switch to switch between the first and second inputs to provide an output. The IF receiver can generate a calibration signal from the LO signal.

Abstract: Signaling a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) or Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) measurement of a wireless channel is achieved by sending an measurement bandwidth (measbandwidth) indicator to a receiver that mandates a specific measurement bandwidth for performing the RSRP or RSRQ measurement. By virtue of receiving the measbandwidth indicator, the receiver is required to perform the RSRP or RSRQ measurement over a portion of the wireless channel that is equal to the measurement bandwidth specified by the measbandwidth indicator.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present invention, a method for identifying one or more frequency bands in a received signal. The method comprising: calculating a wavelet product of the received signal; setting a threshold for local maxima of the wavelet product; and detecting one or more edges in the received signal based on local maxima of the wavelet product which are greater than the threshold to identify one or more frequency bands in the received signal. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also provided. Embodiments also relate to a method for evaluating performance of a method for identifying one or more frequency bands in a received signal. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also provided.

Abstract: A communication circuit includes a receiver path, a frequency translating loop filter and a signal source circuit. The frequency translating loop filter includes an auxiliary mixer, and a frequency translating filter backend circuit such as a filter. The signal source circuit can be shared with a transmitter path. When the receiver path receives an external signal, the auxiliary mixer and the frequency translating filter backend circuit perform high-frequency filtering. When the receiver path need not receive the external signal, the auxiliary mixer up-converts a low-frequency auxiliary signal provided by the signal source circuit to a high-frequency domain, and the up-converted signal is received by the receiver path. Thus, an operation parameter of the receiver path can be adjusted and calibrated according to a response of the receiver path.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a device for calculating a coefficient of a time-domain channel estimation filter. The method comprises: acquiring position information and weight information of symbols carrying RS information corresponding to X1, X2 . . . XP; acquiring position information and weight information of symbols carrying RS information relating to Y1, Y2, . . . YQ; calculating an autocorrelation matrix of a vector I in accordance with the position information and the weight information, wherein I=[X1, X2, . . . XP, Y1, Y2, . . .

Abstract: Isolation techniques for multiple co-located radio modules are disclosed. For example, an apparatus may include an antenna, a first transceiver to communicate wirelessly across a first link, a second transceiver to communicate wirelessly across a second link, a shared antenna structure operative to allow the first transceiver and the second transceiver to share the antenna for simultaneous operations, and an active signal canceller operative to generate a cancellation signal to cancel an interference signal for a radio-frequency coupling channel between the first and second transceivers. Other embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A gain adjustment device for a wireless communication circuit comprising a transmission circuit and a reception circuit includes a signal generator and a gain adjustment circuit. The signal generator is coupled to the transmission circuit, and arranged for generating a test signal to the transmission circuit. The test signal transmitted through a printed circuit board such that the reception circuit coupled to the transmission circuit generates a corresponding reception signal in response to the test signal. The gain adjustment circuit is coupled to the reception circuit and the transmission circuit, and arranged for adjusting a transmitter gain configuration and a receiver gain configuration of the wireless communication circuit according to the reception signal.

Abstract: A wireless electronic device such as a portable electronic device may contain a baseband module. Power amplifier circuitry in the device may amplify radio-frequency signals for transmission. During calibration measurements, a computer directs the baseband module to generate control signals that adjust the gain of the power amplifier circuitry. The computer may also direct the baseband module to generate a series of modulated or unmodulated test tones at one or more communications channel frequencies. A power sensor may be connected to the output of the power amplifier circuitry using a transmission line path. The computer and power sensor may be used in making power measurements on radio-frequency signals at the output of the power amplifier while power amplifier gain and test tone frequency adjustments are being made. Power amplifier calibration data may be produced and stored in the electronic device based on the power measurements.

Abstract: Power detectors with temperature compensation and having improved accuracy over temperature are disclosed. In an aspect of the disclosure, variations of a power detector gain over temperature is reduced by varying both the gate and drain voltages of MOS transistors within a power detector. In an exemplary design, an apparatus includes at least one MOS transistor, which receives an input signal, detects the power of the input signal based on a power detection gain, and provides an output signal indicative of the power of the input signal. The at least one MOS transistor is applied a variable gate bias voltage and a variable drain bias voltage in order to reduce variations of the power detection gain over temperature. At least one additional MOS transistor may receive a second variable gate bias voltage and provide the variable drain bias voltage for the at least one MOS transistor.

Abstract: A system and a method in which a first frequency correction is determined for a frequency of a local oscillator with respect to a frequency of a first time slot of a received signal. The first frequency correction is applied to adjust the frequency of the local oscillator. A second frequency correction is determined for the frequency of the local oscillator with respect to a frequency of a second time slot of the received signal. The second frequency correction is applied to adjust the frequency of the local oscillator. A third frequency correction is determined for the frequency of the local oscillator with respect to a frequency of a third time slot and a fourth time slot of the received signal, and the third frequency correction is applied to adjust the frequency of the local oscillator.

Abstract: A diversity receiver comprises a plurality of receiving paths connected to a receiver circuit. Each of the receiving paths comprises an antenna receiving a signal, connected to a matching network connected to a receive amplifier. The receiver circuit is connected to a signal level comparison circuit for providing a relative comparison value indicating one of the receiving paths receiving the signal with a relative maximum strength. The signal level comparison circuit comprises a comparator circuit connected to the receiver circuit receiving a currently received signal level, and to a logic control unit being arranged to select one of the receive paths to provide the currently received signal to the receiver circuit.

Abstract: A communication link analyzer is disclosed for analyzing a communication link. The communication link analyzer may analyze bitstreams that have been FEC encoded and are transmitted according to one or more 10 Gigabit Ethernet standards, 40 Gigabit Ethernet standards, and other such standards. The communication link analyzer may maintain a running count of the errors detected for the bit positions of a 2112-bit FEC-encoded datablock. These errors may include, but are not limited to, baseline wander, deterministic jitter, and predictive-interval errors. When a given error threshold is met or exceeded for one or more received bitstreams, the communication link analyzer may then attempt a diagnosis of the communication link. Using previously provided empirical data, the communication link analyzer may provide a diagnosis of the communication link based on the error type threshold that was met or exceeded and the bit position associated with the error type threshold.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with processing wireless signals. According to one embodiment, a wireless receiver includes at least one antenna configured to receive a wireless signal. The wireless signal comprises pilot symbols dispersed irregularly throughout a two-dimensional grid. The pilot symbols of the wireless signal are usable by the wireless receiver to estimate the wireless channel at each point in the two-dimensional grid. The wireless receiver includes a pattern logic including hardware configured to generate additional pilot symbols in the two-dimensional grid. The additional pilot symbols generated by the pattern logic along with the pilot symbols dispersed irregularly throughout the two-dimensional grid form a regular distribution of pilot symbols in the two-dimensional grid. The wireless receiver is configured to estimate the wireless channel at each point in the two-dimensional grid based on the regular distribution of pilot symbols in the two-dimensional grid.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for measurement reporting In one aspect there is provided a method.

Abstract: An IR receiver having a decision logic circuit for activating or deactivating a squelch. Activation or deactivation of the squelch is effected in dependence on a mean value of the frequency, a variance of the receiver intermediate frequency, a mean value of the audio amplitude, a variance of the audio amplitude and/or a signal strength of the receiver intermediate circuit frequency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a narrow band interference detector for a receiver of a communication system. The narrow band interference detector includes a numerically-controlled oscillator (NCO), for generating an oscillating signal according to a time-variable frequency; a mixer, for mixing an input signal with the oscillating signal, to generate a mixed signal; a phase lock loop (PLL), for locking the mixed signal during a detection period according to the time-variable frequency; a first switch, for controlling a connection between the NCO and the PLL according to a desirable narrow band interference signal type of the at least one narrow band interference signal; and a narrow band determination unit, for determining at least one narrow band interference signal according to a low frequency component of the mixed signal, the time-variable frequency and the desirable narrow band interference signal type of the at least one narrow band interference signal.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting burst noise during quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) communications are provided. A QAM signal is acquired at a receiver in communication with a network. The QAM signal is demodulated at the receiver to identify a plurality of symbols. Amplitudes for each of the plurality of symbols are determined, and are compared to a predetermined threshold. For each amplitude that is greater than the predetermined threshold, information is recorded at the receiver relating to a burst noise event. The magnitude of the burst noise can be determined by measuring a difference between a received constellation point and a perimeter constellation point closest to the received constellation point. The information about the burst noise event can be transmitted to an error correction module for reducing future burst noise in the network. Equalizer coefficients and tracking loop performance can be adjusted/enhanced using the burst noise information.

Abstract: A receiver architecture optimizes receiver performance in the presence of interference. In various embodiments, power estimation circuits are used with variable selectivity to determine the exact nature of the interference and to optimize the performance correspondingly. The variable selectivity is achieved using stages of filtering with progressively narrower bandwidths. Also, the actual method of optimizing the receiver performance is an improvement compared to the traditional techniques in that the gain settings and the baseband filter order (stages to be used) will be optimized based on the nature of the interference as determined by the power detector measurements. For a device such as a cellular phone that operates in a dynamic and changing environment where interference is variable, embodiments advantageously provide the capability to modify the receiver's operational state depending on the interference.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device and method to automate the process of measuring RF noise, correlating measured noise with known sources, and making adjustments to the noise-measuring and reporting process. A wireless communication device is coupled to equipment at a fixed location, and transmits data about the operation of the equipment back to an operator, via a provider's network. Examples include fixed wireless terminals. A management entity aboard the wireless communication device performs the measurements via a transceiver and performs remedial actions when required, without requiring an onsite technician or remote assistance. The management entity may include a spectrum analyzer.

Abstract: In a mobile radio communication method in which a mobile station moves among a plurality of base stations at high speed, in order to solve a problem of increase in the amount of operation and its related increase in the amount of power consumption and heat emission which is resulted for maintaining good communication quality of communication by the mobile station which moves at high speed to the direction for approaching the base station or moving away from it, it provides detecting means for detecting changes in relative positions to a plurality of base stations, and selecting means for selecting an uplink signal reception base station which receives an uplink signal and selecting one or plural base stations, fluctuation of increase and decrease of which of distance from own mobile station is an opposite manner compared with a case of the uplink signal receiving base station, based on changes in the relative positions detected by said detecting means as a downlink signal transmission base station which trans

Abstract: Methods and apparatus in a near-field communication system, in which a modulated signal received in a Reader is clipped by applying upper and lower clip levels. After clipping, the modulated part of the signal corresponds to a greater portion of the overall signal, and thus the requirements placed on an analog-to-digital converter for the clipped signal are reduced. In a first mode of operation, prior to or at the start of reception of the load-modulated signal, the clip levels may be set in a feedforward manner on the basis of preset values or a detected change in the overall signal; in a second mode of operation, once the clipped signal is available, the clip levels may be set in a feedback manner on the basis of the clipped signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to identify channels in a communications network are described. The method may comprise receiving communications on a plurality of communication channels including at least a first communication channel and a second communication channel. The method identifies when a channel change occurs from the first communication channel to the second communication channel. An audio identifier associated with the second communication channel is then included in an audio stream communicated via the second communication channel.

Abstract: Communication processing paths include distortions, such as DC offset in the baseband analog path which needs to be accounted for. The use of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to inject a DC offset cancellation signal can bring about noise/area/power advantages. The DAC is driven by a mixed signal low pass filter loop. However, the DAC could also be driven in an open loop system, or a combination of open and closed loop. A low noise sign and magnitude DAC with low area and power requirements is implemented using selectively connected programmable current sources to virtual earth input terminals on a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) op-amp circuit. The constant virtual earth voltage eliminates linearity problems that would otherwise exist due to the finite current source output impedance. Current sources are only switched in when required so unneeded sources are out of circuit and do not contribute noise or use any power.

Abstract: Radio receiver test methods and apparatus are based on known relationships between the quality of a receiver that is measured based on signals before they enter a receiver decoder and the quality that is measured based on signals after the decoder. Thus, a signal generator can be set to transmit a known signal in a predetermined radio scenario (e.g., channel frequency, amplitude, etc.), and samples can be obtained of the receiver-processed known signal before the receiver's decoder. Tests in radio scenarios where noise is the dominant signal disturbance and/or tests in radio scenarios where receiver distortion is the dominant signal disturbance can be performed.

Abstract: A wireless apparatus and an interference determination method thereof are provided. The wireless apparatus determines that the wireless apparatus operates in a first bandwidth mode, and counts a first clear channel assessment (CCA) number associated with a primary channel, a second CCA number associated with a secondary channel, an entire CCA number associated with either the primary channel or the secondary channel, and the false alarm number according to at least one received radio frequency (RF) signal. Afterwards, the wireless apparatus determines that the second CCA number exceeds the summation of the first CCA number and bias number to determine that it is in an interference state, and determines that the interference state belongs to either the first interference type or second interference type according to the radio of the entire CCA number to the FA number.