Abstract: Gateway devices maintain presence information for various mobile devices. Each gateway is associated with a zone and manages presence information only for mobile devices associated with that zone. Courier devices back-propagate presence information for the mobile devices to respective gateways based at least on the respective zone associated with each mobile device. The gateways and couriers are dynamically configured such that messages can be pushed from a provider application to a mobile device via any gateway and any courier.

Abstract: A method and system for automatically triggering call redirecting in response to a mobile device detecting its connection to a host such as a personal computer, is provided. In one embodiment, the mobile device detects connection by sensing application of a charging voltage via a Universal Serial Bus (USB) connection, and signaling the mobile device processor of the event. In response, the mobile device processor automatically decides to which alternative endpoint communications should be forwarded, and either instructs its transmitter to transmit a forwarding command to a network operations center or instructs the host to transmit the command through the Internet. The network operations center switch is operable to receive a call redirecting command respecting the mobile device from either the mobile device or the host to which the mobile device is connected, and adjusting its settings to effect call redirecting for subsequent communications for the mobile device.

Abstract: A method of merging two or more beacon groups (BGs), each BG comprising one or more wireless devices, the method comprising, determining a leader BG based on merging information broadcast by two or more devices of different BGs, said devices being within radio range of each other; and merging the two or more BGs into the leader BG; wherein the merging information of each device comprises an extension indication, the extension indication being positive if another device of a same BG as said each device is out of radio range of said each device, and negative otherwise.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for transferring preferred frequency information in a mobile communication system which establishes a preferred frequency layer and a non-preferred frequency layer for a Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) service. The method involves the steps of determining at least one preferred frequency of the MBMS service when a session of the MBMS service starts, generating the preferred frequency information representing said at least one preferred frequency, and transmitting the preferred frequency information to at least one serving radio network controller for managing communication of user equipments intended to receive the MBMS service.

Abstract: A ringback tone, indicative of an emotional state that is input by a user of a called communication device, is selected to play to a calling communication device during a call to the called communication device.

Abstract: A method for handling telephone calls directed to a non-reachable mobile phone, and for handling data pertaining to them, wherein: I—provided the call diversion service to a different number, or the answering service, have not been enabled, the phone call is routed towards a phone call data management and storage device, when the mobile phone called user is non-reachable, dut to the fact that is in the detach mode or is temporarily out of the range reachable by radio-frequency signals; II—at the time mobile phone is again reachable, a notification is transmitted to the subscriber number of the telephone call; the notification being effected in the form of SMS, which contain phone call data of missed phone calls performed during the period while the mobile phone was not reachable.

Abstract: One or more media is provided for performing a method of operating an electronic locking mechanism. Initially, a request from a requesting mobile device is received at a computing device via a sensing device. The request includes an identifier utilized in an initial validation sequence having the following steps: identifying a device identity according to the identifier, transmitting the device identity with a request that a message be communicated to a target mobile device, and determining validation data. Upon receiving the request, a communications network identifies the target mobile device, based on the device identity, and communicates a message with validation data therein. The mobile device conveys authentication information to the computing device, where the authentication information is based on the validation data.

Abstract: A system and method for delivering coupon messages to a consumer wireless device utilizes a fixed communication device that functions as a base station for the consumer wireless device. The fixed communication device has limited coverage zone. When the consumer wireless device comes within the coverage zone of the fixed communication device, the consumer wireless device selects the fixed communication device as the preferred base station. Upon completion of registration, the fixed communication device transmits one or more coupon messages to the consumer wireless device. The consumer may enter the associated retail establishment and complete a transaction using the received coupon message. The consumer wireless device may be viewed manually, or the display scanned or read electronically to accept the coupon message in the retail establishment.

Abstract: Illustrative embodiments provide a computer implemented method, a data processing system and a computer program product for a predictive mobile phone service disruption service. In one illustrative embodiment, the computer implemented method comprises monitoring a cellular call of a caller, calculating a location and vector of the caller, and determining whether the caller is approaching a drop zone. The computer implemented method responsive to determining the caller is approaching a drop zone, estimates a duration of a loss of service, and responsive to determining the caller is approaching a drop zone, selectively notifying the caller.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring a mobile ad-hoc network node (e.g. a network enabled aircraft) is provided. The method includes, receiving a message notifying when the ad-hoc node is preparing to join the ad-hoc network; and determining based on a threshold value, when the ad-hoc node should be joining a monitoring system that tracks the status and availability of ad-hoc nodes. The method generates a status message if the ad-hoc node fails to join the monitoring system. The message is received by the monitoring system via and external source to the ad-hoc network. The system includes a data center that receives the message notifying when the node is preparing to join the ad-hoc network; and determines based on a threshold value, when the ad-hoc node should be joining the ad-hoc network and monitoring system.

Abstract: A method (300) and mobile device (120) for reduced scanning within a uniform period in an out-of-service condition is described herein. In one arrangement, the method can include the steps of detecting (310) the out-of-service condition, during a wake-up interval (410), waking (314) up to scan one or more channels (510, 520, 530, 540) for service and maintaining a constant wake-up time for subsequent wake-up intervals. The method can also include the step of varying (320) the amount of time spent scanning the channels during the subsequent wake-up intervals. As an example, varying the amount of time spent scanning channels can be done by decreasing (322) the amount of time spent scanning for each successive, subsequent wake-up interval.

Abstract: A service is provided to cell phone subscribers to improve reachability. A home location register node maintains state information on a subscriber's cell phone status. Cell phone status information includes: off; on, registered and available to receive calls; on, registered but busy participating in an ongoing call; on, registered but temporarily unavailable; and on, registered but unattended. Temporarily unavailable is further qualified: poor reception location, high interference, cell throughput saturation, intentional user disposition. Long term unavailability may also be inferred and indicated depending on the device and/or system status. When a call to a subscriber's cell phone cannot be completed or is not answered, the service annunciates the reason to the calling party. The calling party can then make a more informed decision as to when to reattempt the call and is more likely to reattempt the call. The service is provided in conjunction with call forwarding to landlines phones and/or voicemail.

Abstract: A radio resource allocation system in which equipment placed on a road allocates a radio resource to in-vehicle equipment that exists in a given area is provided. The radio resource allocation system includes the in-vehicle equipment mounted on a vehicle that communicates with another in-vehicle equipment by using the radio resource. The in-vehicle equipment includes a signal transmitting unit that transmits a signal showing that the own vehicle exists in the given area. The roadside equipment includes a radio resource allocation unit that allocates the radio resource to the in-vehicle equipment when the roadside equipment receives the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting unit, and a radio resource release unit that releases the radio resource when the roadside equipment does not receive the signal from the in-vehicle equipment that is allocated the radio resource by the radio resource allocation unit.

Abstract: The invention provides an advisory alert indicating conditions are such that an ongoing telephone call involving a cellular telephone may be dropped due to insufficient signal strength. A decrease in signal strength over time that exceeds a specified percentage decrease provides the primary basis for triggering the advisory alert. This advisory alert warns one or more participants of the call of the possibility of the call ending due to low signal strength. The advisory alert provides for conclusion of the call before the call is lost, and/or lowers the frustration level associated with a call lost for an unknown reason. In operation, signal strength is assessed during a series of time intervals. Signal strength of consecutive time intervals is compared. If the percentage drop in signal strength exceeds a specified percentage, an advisory alert is effectuated. The criteria that trigger an advisory alert may be non-programmable, or is modifiable in programmable embodiments.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing machine health information. In one embodiment, a machine may include a storage device that is configured to store collected machine health data. The storage device has a module that is configured to determine a data characteristic and a communication characteristic. The storage device is further configured to determine, based on the data characteristic and the communication characteristic, whether to transmit a set of machine health data to an off-board system. Further, the storage device is coupled to a transmitter that is configured to transmit the set of machine health data to the off-board system.

Abstract: A method and device for identifying degradation in service quality for a wireless media service. The wireless media service has a known expected packet generation rate, which may be determined by the device based upon the codec and payload size selected on initiating the media service. At a receiving device, the packets actually received by the device from the other termination point are counted over a time period, and this number is compared with the number of packets that were expected based upon the known packet generation rate. From this comparison a packet loss rate may be determined. If the packet loss rate exceeds a threshold level, then the device may issue a user alert, terminate the service, or take other action. The threshold level may be established based upon a packet loss rate corresponding to a significant degree of service quality degradation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for controlling the ability of mobile agents to receive customer service calls to their mobile phone from a call center. A mobile station is installed with a client application featuring an agent profile and call processing rules that are updated from the call center. The mobile agent uses the mobile station for work by turning on a “work profile”, and the client application registers the mobile agent to the call center. With the work profile on, the client application will block personal calls, or any other calls originating elsewhere than the call center. Significant advantages are accrued as the companies running the call centers will gain greater control of their mobile agent workforce and can prioritize tasks better within the organization, without having to construct complex solutions that consult different network elements within the cellular radio network.

Abstract: A centralized wireless resource manager is leveraged to facilitate in reconciling communication conflicts between wireless devices that interact with a computing device and/or reconciling communication conflicts between a wireless device and a locale of a computing device interacting with the wireless devices. One instance allows dynamic reconciliation of a wireless device based, at least in part, on the wireless device's hardware supported communication parameters and/or its currently utilized communication parameters and the like. Another instance provides dynamic communication adjustments based, at least in part, on a locale of a computing device. This facilitates in adjusting communication frequencies based on, at least in part, local laws and regulations and the like.

Abstract: System (10) for remotely controlling and monitoring a food refrigerator (1), and its content, of the type intended to be given in rental or in free loan from a manufacturer to a vendor of cold products, comprising a control unit (2) for checking and storing a plurality of functioning parameters of the food refrigerator (1), an RFID reader (3) intended to read data stored in a plurality of RFID tags attached to the cold products, a communication unit (4) for interconnecting an external device, the RFID reader (3) comprising means for retrieving data from said RFID tags when the cold products are still stocked inside the food refrigerator (1) and the communication unit (4) localization means for transmitting information to the external device about a geographical localization of the food refrigerator (1). System (10) according to claim 1 wherein said means produce a radio frequency signal at predetermined time intervals for activating said RFID tags.

Abstract: Systems and methods for distributed monitoring of a wireless network using a plurality of wireless client devices in communication with the wireless network.

Abstract: A stateful connection is monitored between wireless communications devices. A first code packet is generated at a first wireless communications device. The first code packet is transmitted from the first wireless communications device to a second o wireless communications device. A determination is made whether a second code packet generated by the second wireless communications device in response to receipt of the first code packet is received by the first wireless communications device within a predetermined time.

Abstract: Provided is a channel mode converting method of a wireless portable Internet system. When a diversity channel mode is converted into an Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) channel mode, a radio resource for transmitting Channel Quality Information (CQI) is allocated without responding to a resource allocation request and a request between a terminal and an access point. Therefore, a delay time can be reduced on the channel mode conversion. In addition, a CQI channel for transmitting the existing channel quality information is released and a CQI channel for a new channel is allocated on the channel mode conversion. As a result, a time for changing the diversity channel CQI transmission to the AMC channel CQI transmission at the physical layer can be easily synchronized for transmitting the REP_RSP at the MAC.

Abstract: A device and method for connecting to a WiMAX network can determine an initial signal strength as a function of an uplink propagation path loss between a mobile device and a base station, a noise and interference level value for the base station, a normalized carrier-to-noise value for ranging, and an offset value. If a connection is not established at the initial signal strength, a signal can be retransmitted at a signal strength equal to the initial signal strength plus a step value, where the step value can be determined by designating a fixed number of steps to be used before reaching maximum transmission power.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for receiving an incoming call at a first mobile communication terminal including registering an identity of at least one second mobile communication terminal capable of performing local wireless communication with a first mobile communication terminal; checking, after receiving the incoming call at the first mobile communication terminal, whether a user's input is received by the first mobile communication terminal to accept the incoming call during a first time duration; and transmitting, if the user input is not received by the first mobile communication terminal, absence information to the second mobile communication terminal notifying the second mobile communication terminal of reception of the incoming call at the first mobile communication terminal using local wireless communication.

Abstract: A system and method for extending alerts for a wireless device. A wireless ringer and a wireless device are linked through a wireless connection. User input selecting an alert for the wireless ringer is received. The wireless ringer is alerted in response to receiving an incoming communication on the wireless device in order for a user to access the wireless device to respond to the incoming communication.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for call recovery in a wireless communication system (10). When the communication link between a mobile station (38) and a base station (32) is in trouble, the mobile station and the infrastructure prearrange potential rescue base stations (34). The source cell base station contacts all recovery-capable neighbors as potential rescuers. Each rescue base station is instructed to use a default channel for rescue transmissions. The rescue transmission is considered a call recovery operation. The mobile station establishes a soft hand-off with rescue base station, wherein the FL uses the default channel and an alternate channel. Once hand-off is complete the rescue base station discontinues use of the default channel. In one embodiment, the source cell base station provides the mobile station with the list of recovery-capable neighbors as overhead during transmissions and prior to development of the communication link problem.

Abstract: A method and mobile device that self-terminates a media service if an out-of-coverage condition is detected. The media service operates on top of a connectionless peer-to-peer packet-based transport protocol. The out-of-coverage condition may relate to the mobile device itself or to a remote mobile device engaged in the media service. The loss of coverage by the remote mobile device may be detected by observing whether the remote mobile device has failed to send any data packets for more than a predetermined period of time. If an out-of-coverage situation is detected, then the method or device initiates service cancellation or release.

Abstract: A range detector system includes an safety system, a first electronic object, and a second electronic object, wherein the first and second electronic objects are wirelessly communicably connected in a manner equipped such that when the first object and the second object are moved from a first predetermined distance range from each other to a second predetermined distance range from each other, the safety system is operably deployed on at least one the first and the second objects is activated.

Abstract: Disclosed are a hybrid phone and a method of acquiring channels in the hybrid phone. The hybrid phone having a first communication mode supporting voice/low-rate data communications and a second communication mode supporting high-rate data communication includes a phone control unit having a communication processor controlling voice/data communications according to programs stored in a memory. The communication processor includes a channel acquisition processor attempting to acquire channels for the first and second communication modes. If the channel acquisition processor cannot acquire a channel for the second communication mode within a predetermined time, the channel acquisition processor stops attempting to acquire the channel for the second communication mode and reattempts to acquire channel for the first communication mode.

Abstract: An in-vehicle device includes: a communication element; a coupling element for coupling and decoupling between the in-vehicle device and a cell phone via the communication element; a hard disk drive for storing a telephone directory data; an incoming call notification element for notifying a passenger about an incoming call, accessing the telephone directory data, and notifying individual information of a caller; a high altitude decision element for deciding whether the vehicle is disposed in a high altitude area; and a switching element for setting the hard disk drive in an off-mode when the vehicle enters into the high altitude area, and for setting the hard disk drive in an on-mode when the vehicle passes through the high altitude area. The incoming call notification element stops notifying the incoming call and the individual information when the hard disk drive is in the off-mode.

Abstract: A system and method for dynamically instantiating a communication interface between a requesting entity and a client entity. A requesting entity transmits a trigger signal to a control point, where the trigger signal includes a preferred communication configuration. The control point inspects the preferred communication configuration and, if possible, instantiates a communication link that complies with the requested configuration. The communication link is deactivated either in response to a timing function, upon determining that the requesting and client entities have completed their data exchanges, or determining that an amount of time provided for the communication has expired.

Abstract: Techniques for enhancing the throughput capacity available to client devices connected to a wireless local area network (WLAN) are described. Specifically, existing WLAN resources are converted into wireless access points (APs) to create a dense infrastructure of wireless APs. To leverage this dense AP infrastructure, central management techniques are employed. With client-to-AP mapping, these techniques are used to prevent the discovery of multiple APs in a WLAN by a client device and to select a single AP (using certain policies) to associate with the client device and provide it with an enhanced wireless connection to the WLAN. Additionally, techniques are employed to centrally determine, using central policies, when the AP should disassociate from the client device and when another centrally selected AP should respond to, and associate with, the client device to provide it with an enhanced wireless connection to the WLAN—without interrupting/disrupting the client device's access.

Abstract: The mobile telephone includes (a) a detector which transmits a detection signal when the detector detects that the mobile telephone is in a stand-by mode where the mobile telephone waits receiving a radio signal from a base station, and that the mobile telephone is located out of a service area, (b) a timer which starts measuring a period of time in which the mobile telephone keeps located out of the service area, on receipt of the detection signal, and (c) at least one annunciator which makes at least one of sounds and vibration. The detector annunciates that the mobile telephone keeps located out of the service area for a predetermined first period of time, when the mobile telephone is in a stand-by mode, to a user through the annunciator, when a period of time measured by the timer reaches the predetermined first period of time.

Abstract: A dual-mode mobile terminal, which can access synchronous and asynchronous mobile communication systems, includes a key input panel and a controller. The key input panel includes a call switching key for switching between calls from the two systems and a call end key for ending calls from the two systems. While the terminal performs communication of one call received from one of the two systems in a general communication mode over a communication channel currently established by the one system, the controller determines whether an incoming call is received from the other system. If the incoming call is received, the controller notifies the user of receipt of the incoming call. If the call switching key is pressed, the controller prepares a communication environment for communication of the incoming call, allowing the user to perform the communication of the incoming call while maintaining the currently established communication channel.

Abstract: Embodiments of systems, combinations, devices and methods of enhanced Radio Frequency Identification (“RFID”) protection are provided. An embodiment of a combination of a separate RFID device and a separate RFID blocking device each adapted to be positioned separately into a container includes a separate RFID device adapted to be positioned in the container a separate RFID blocking device adapted to be positioned adjacent the separate RFID device and in the container so that when an unauthorized RFID interrogation device attempts to read the separate RFID device from within the container the separate RFID blocking device positioned adjacent the separate RFID device blocks the attempted read and so that when an authorized user desires to use the separate RFID device for an authorized read the authorized user selectively removes either the separate RFID device or the separate RFID blocking device and presents the separate RFID device for the authorized read.

Abstract: A system includes a personal wireless mobile communication device that is configured to transmit a short-range wireless signal. The short-range wireless signal is processed by a server, and the server executes an action based on the short-range wireless signal. In an embodiment, the action executed by the server is the creation of an Interactive session on a display unit as a function of the short-range wireless signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a communication restriction control system and a communication restriction control method capable of performing communication restriction control depending on circumstances of communication restriction control area. The mobile terminal transmits a response request signal to a radio response equipment provided in the communication restriction control area which transmits a response signal including identification information as a response to the response request signal. A communication system discriminating equipment which is provided with a database in which the identification information is associated with one of allowed communication circumstances, and allowed communication circumstance is determined by referring to the database according to the identification information, and communication restriction control of the mobile terminal according to the determined result is performed.

Abstract: A system is provided for managing timely delivery of electronic messages, such as short message service (SMS) messages sent by the short message peer to peer (SMPP) protocol. In particular, the system determines an expected delay for the delivery of electronic messages, so that a sender can avoid sending messages when they will take an excessive amount of time to deliver. In one embodiment, a sender of electronic messages, such as a news service provider, sends a session initiation protocol (SIP) “subscribe” message to a delay manager. The delay manager determines when the expected delay of message delivery at a bulk message gateway falls below a threshold delay. When the expected delay falls below the threshold, the delay manager informs the sender, and the sender may create and send an electronic message.

Abstract: A method of providing data content obtained from one or more network-connected nodes to a mobile computing device is provided. The method includes determining whether a previously-established network connection between the mobile computing device and a network-connected node has been interrupted after the mobile computing device receives a first set of data content and an identifier corresponding to a second set of data content from the network-connected node via the previously-established network connection. The method also includes establishing a wireless connection between the mobile computing device and another computing device if the previously-established network connection has been interrupted and the second set of data content is stored by the other computing device.

Abstract: A method for establishing radio bearer (RB) between a mobile terminal and a network in a wireless communication system. The mobile terminal receives RB information for a specific service from one or more cells and stores the received the RB information. If the mobile terminal is moved to one or more cells and then is moved back to the specific cell, the mobile terminal establishes an RB for the specific service according to the previously stored RB information of the specific cell rather than re-receiving the RB information.

Abstract: A wireless access device in a wireless network, whether a known or unknown entity, can be located using a geolocation system. A signal strength is determined by a wireless intrusion detection system (WIDS) node in a wireless network for each wireless access device that it detects. Based on the signal strength, an approximate distance from the node is determined, which, in one embodiment corresponds to a radius of a circle around the node. To account for error, an approximation band of the circle is calculated that will allow a user to determine the approximate location of the device within the wireless network.

Abstract: A method of using a non-GPS-derived technique to estimate the location of an Assisted-GPS-enabled wireless terminal for the purposes of generating location-specific assistance data for the wireless terminal is disclosed. The wireless terminal then uses the assistance data to acquire and process one or more GPS signals and to derive information that is probative of the wireless terminal's location. The GPS-derived location information is then combined with non-GPS-derived location to form an estimate of the location of the wireless terminal that is better than can be derived from either alone. This combination of GPS-derived and non-GPS techniques is particularly useful when the wireless terminal can only acquire one or two GPS signals because it is not possible to determine the location of the wireless terminal with only two GPS signals alone.

Abstract: A calibration procedure of wireless networks to create a topology map mainly consists of two phases: a measurement phase during which each wireless device, i. e. all mobile terminals end the central controller transmits a calibration signal in broadcast mode (S2, S3, S4) and each other wireless device measures the received signal quality and the reporting phase during which each mobile terminal reports the measured results to the central controller of the network (S6, S7). Both of these phases are preferably initiated by the central controller the measurement phase with the broadcast of a measurement control signal to all mobile terminals (S1) and the reporting phase with the broadcast of a reporting control signal to all mobile terminals (S5). Based on all measurement results the central controller creates a topology map of the network once all reports have been received.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for messaging within a mobile virtual and augmented reality system is provided herein. During operation a user can create “virtual graffiti” that will be left for a particular device to view as part of an augmented reality scene. The virtual graffiti will be assigned to a particular physical location or a part of an object that can be mobile. The virtual graffiti is then uploaded to a network server, along with the location and individuals who are able to view the graffiti as part of an augmented reality scene. When a device that is allowed to view the graffiti is near the location, the graffiti will be downloaded to the device and displayed as part of an augmented reality scene.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to methods and systems for reporting and compiling connection failures in wireless communication systems. In an embodiment, when an access terminal experiences a connection failure (e.g., an unintended one), the access terminal may generate a connection failure record associated with the event, and send a message containing the connection failure record to an access network it has since established the connection. The access network may send a message containing a connection failure report acknowledgement (ACK) message to the access terminal, upon reception of the connection failure report message. The network operators may use the connection failure records thus compiled to identify problematic spots in the system and improve the quality of service.

Abstract: A method, system and network element for providing an address transition if a connection point at one end of a connection is changed from a first network node to a second network node of a cellular network is provided. An address information and at least one alternative address information are transmitted in a signaling message from the first network node to the second network node. One of the address information and the alternative address information is selected at the second network node and used for re-establishing the connection towards the other end of the connection. Thereby, the new point of connection is allowed to re-establish the connection towards the other end of the connection, even if it can only communicate using one of the two addresses. Furthermore, signaling messages, e.g. messages relating to charging, lawful interception, and/or customized applications, received from different network nodes can be correlated based on the alternative addresses.

Abstract: An active set of base stations may be controlled based on whether data is unavailable at base stations within the active set. The base station may transmit an indicator indicating whether data is unavailable at the base station and/or a mobile station may monitor a channel characteristic of at least a portion of a channel between the base station and the mobile station.

Abstract: A network system and method of testing the terminal status so as to acquire the link status of the wired/wireless terminals associated to the VoIP-based network includes at least one user terminal which transmits a status message in response to a SIP-based Options message and a soft switch which transmits the Option message, determines whether or not the status message has been received, and recognizes whether the user terminal is in a Busy state or an Idle state based on a result of the determination. Since the terminal status can be accurately determined, it is possible to process calls, manage the terminal, and fairly charge the utilization costs to improve the stability and QoS of the network system.

Abstract: A computer-readable recording medium storing a data communication program capable of transmitting desired data quickly. The mobile terminal (computer) has the following functions: A data accumulating section accumulates accumulation data to be uploaded to a server 7. A transmission data-generating section generates transmission data that is to be transmitted to the server for making the inquiry and has the accumulation data added thereto. A determination section determines whether or not the mobile terminal is in a state in which the transmission data can be transmitted to the server. A communication scheduler permits a data communication section to transmit the transmission data to the server based on the result of determination of the determination section. The data communication section transmits the transmission data to the server in response to permission of the communication scheduler.

Abstract: There is provided a communication terminal out of range determination method, a wireless communication system switching method and a communication terminal, capable of determining accurately whether or not a communication terminal is out of range. Determining whether or not the communication terminal is out of range is based on a transmission level of a transmission signal from the communication terminal to a base station.