Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide systems and methods for optimizing a traffic control plan. The system may include at least one storage device configured to store instructions and at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to perform operations. The operations may include receiving traffic system log data and parsing the traffic system log data to obtain a first set of traffic performance parameters. The operations may also include receiving trajectory data relating to a plurality of vehicle movements and parsing the trajectory data to obtain a second set of traffic performance parameters. The operations may further include determining relationships between vehicle delays and degrees of saturation based on the first and second sets of traffic performance parameters. In addition, the operations may include optimizing the traffic control plan based on the relationships.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for providing a radio operation switch based on mobility data. In one embodiment, a mobile base station is disclosed, comprising: a global positioning system (GPS) module for determining a current location of the mobile base station; a velocity module coupled to the output of the GPS module for determining a current velocity of the mobile base station; and a controller, the controller configured to perform steps comprising: determining the current velocity of the mobile base station using the velocity module; comparing the current velocity to a threshold; and switching, based on the comparison, from a first radio band to a second radio band.

Abstract: A method for use in a user terminal in a cellular communications system. According to the method, the user terminal applies a first timing advance value to its transmissions to a controlling node, and the user terminal requests communication with the controlling node in a contention based procedure by transmitting an access request (MSG 1), in response to which the controlling node transmits an initiation message (MSG 2) along with a second timing advance value. According to the method, the user terminal uses the first timing advance value if the user terminal loses the contention based procedure, i.e. if the controlling node subsequently continues the initiated communication with said other user terminal.

Abstract: Multiple items of first address information are identified by a server associated with a first service provider. Each item of first address information is identified from a corresponding item of first account information provided by the first service provider. Multiple items of second address information are identified by the server. Each item of second address information is identified from a corresponding item of second account information provided by a second service provider. For each item of first address information, a determination is made, by the server, that an item of second address information matches the particular item of first address information, and a mapping relationship is established, by the server, between an item of first account information, corresponding to the particular item of first address information, and an item of second account information, corresponding to the item of second address information.

Abstract: A system for adjusting a relevance weight value for a content item is described. The system comprises a content delivery module configured to deliver a plurality of content items to a device via a network. The content items are displayed on the device. A user provides a feedback input that is a positive review or a negative review for a content item. The feedback input is transmitted to a relevance weight adjustment module that subtracts a first point value from the relevance weight value associated with a first set of users when a negative review is received for the content item and adds a first point value to the relevance weight value associated with a first set of users when a positive review is received for the content item.

Abstract: Dynamic cell mode indication and reporting channel state information for dormant cells in a dual connectivity carrier aggregation environment. UEs may be configured for carrier aggregation of cells associated with non-collocated eNBs, which may include a master eNB (MeNB) and one or more secondary eNBs (SeNB), each supporting multiple carrier frequencies. Indicators of cell mode for secondary cells of the MeNB or SeNB are periodically sent using a broadcast mechanism and may configure active or dormant sub-periods within the indicated periods. The indicators may be transmitted by a primary cell for the MeNB or special secondary cell for the SeNB. Alternatively, the indicators may be transmitted by the secondary cell. When CSI measurements occur for a dormant cell, the UE may report CSI for the dormant periods, suppress CSI reporting for the dormant periods, or report some types of CSI and not others for the dormant periods.

Abstract: The invention relates to determination of a location of a device of a user. In a methods, information of signal strength of one or more wireless signals and information of signal strength distribution of wireless signals is obtained by a device. The information of signal strength and the information of signal strength distribution are used to determine at least one likelihood whether the device is inside an area. In the method radio maps representing signal strength distribution in the building may be used.

Abstract: A method to determine a traffic flow at a point-of-interest (POI). The method comprises determining route segments contained within a predefined POI geometry, creating a POI object that comprises the identities of the route segments contained within the POI geometry, whereby a geolocation of the POI is defined, for each of a plurality of mobile communication devices, determining route segments traversed by the mobile communication device based on geolocations of the device, and determining a number of different mobile communication devices that intersect with the POI based on comparing the route segments traversed by the mobile communication devices to the route segments associated to the POI object, whereby a traffic flow at the geolocation of the POI is determined.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes a receiver and a processor configured to receive information from a network node indicating an assignment of periodic time intervals to transmit sounding signals. The WTRU includes a transmitter and the processor configured to transmit sounding signals to the network node in the assigned periodic time intervals in response to the received information. The WTRU does not transmit any data at a same time that the WTRU transmits the sounding signals. The transmitted sounding signals from the WTRU are distinguishable from sounding signals from other WTRUs.

Abstract: A system for providing multimedia content. The system includes means for transmitting targeted multimedia content to customers via a telecommunications network; and automatically receiving and outputting the content on a mobile platform. In the illustrative embodiment, the system includes means for encoding, compressing and storing content on a server. An applet is transmitted from the server to each mobile platform. When executed at the mobile platform, the applet deciphers the content and retrieves a schedule with a playback time. The content is then played out without interrupting the user. The applet may include credit code which adds time to a SIM card on the mobile platform giving a user credit time to use the device for one or more functions (communication, games, etc.) at no additional charge. The applet may also include a bar code which when displayed to a third party vendor, allows the user to receive a discount on purchases of goods or services related to the ad.

Abstract: An example system may include one or more of a transport, a navigation system in the transport, wherein the navigation system is configured to obtain a current destination, a processor communicably coupled to the navigation system, wherein the processor is configured to determine whether the transport has battery charge to arrive at a final destination, and an application communicably coupled to the processor configured to determine elements that affect a range of the transport, when the processor determines that the battery charge is insufficient to arrive at the final destination, the processor is configured to: provide a notification of the insufficiency of the battery charge, provide details of one or more of the elements, process a modification of the one or more of the elements, and provide a notification of a sufficiency of the battery charge to arrive at the final destination.

Abstract: A network data aggregation system and method for connected building management systems are disclosed. The aggregation system assesses network connectivity for the building management system. For this purpose, the aggregation system includes building management control panels including modems for reporting to monitoring stations, and a customer management server (CMS). The control panels collect network connectivity information of the modems, and the CMS receives the network connectivity information. In one example, the CMS analyzes the network connectivity information to identify issues in service provider networks that provide connections between the modems of the building management control panels and the service provider networks.

Abstract: A wireless network includes at least a pair of nodes that are configured to communicate with each other by transmitting and receiving one or more millimeter-wave beams through an obstruction and through unobstructed air. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the network, the nodes include small, phased-array antennas and transceivers, configured with radio electronics to mitigate the path loss through certain obstructions, such as walls, floors, barriers within buildings, and the attenuation from free-space path-loss, including moisture in air (humidity). The network may include multiple pairs of nodes to form one or more wireless communication paths through various obstructions. This may allow a high-speed wireless network to be established within a structure, such as a building, without requiring additional cabling or wiring.

Abstract: A power reception apparatus includes a secondary coil which receives electric power in a non-contact manner from a primary coil which is disposed on a plane defined by a front-rear direction and a left-right direction which are at right angles to each other, a drive part which can change a relative position on the plane of the secondary coil relative to the primary coil, a display unit, and a processing unit for processing an image to be displayed on the display unit. The processing unit displays the relative position and the gradient of the secondary coil on the display unit. A display mode which is used when the secondary coil is not included in the target zone in relation to the left-right direction is different from a display mode which is used when the secondary coil is included in the target zone in relation to the left-right direction.

Abstract: A system for delivering targeted content to a wireless handset is described. The system comprises a wireless handset communicatively coupled to a network. A user profile associated with the wireless handset comprises at least one user attribute. The system further comprises a content administration interface configured to store an association between a content item and a user attribute. The system further comprises a content delivery module configured to filter stored content items to retrieve content items associated with a user attribute. The content delivery module transmits at least one retrieved content item to the wireless handset via the network. A handset content interface displays the at least one transmitted content item on the wireless handset.

Abstract: The system can diagnose sensor issues for a vehicle that can perform automatic driving functions based on areas where sensors overlap coverage and sensor performance limitation (SOTIF (Safety Of The Intended Functionality) in ISO 26262). First, the system can identify sensor overlap zones for advanced driver assistance systems/automated driving (ADAS/AD) applications that can be used for multiple sensor correlation and diagnostics. Once the zones have been identified, the system can define detailed multiple sensor correlation and diagnostics (e.g., the same kind of sensor, different kind of sensors, two-way plausible check, three-way voting, etc.). Finally, verified sensor output may be used in monitoring sensor fusion/deep neural network (DNN) outputs within defined a monitor zone.

Abstract: A wireless communication device including a control unit configured to generate information for a terminal device based on information acquired from the terminal device. The control unit outputs a reference signal on a first beam generated with at least two or more different first weighting matrices, generates a second weighting matrix specific to a terminal device in accordance with information transmitted from the terminal device in accordance with the reference signal, and outputs data for the terminal device on a second beam with the first weighting matrices and the second weighting matrix. The wireless communication device can supply an appropriate beam to a terminal device while preventing a problem with overhead or increase in the cost of a wireless device, which are caused by an increasing number of antenna elements when FD-MIMO is used.

Abstract: A computer-implementable method and system for identifying the preferred commuting route to be used for a given route requirement subject to travel and personal preference criteria. The method and system uses computerized mapping software programs that match stored travel and user preferences to a given route by matching end points and waypoints along the given route and providing user-enabled filtering among multiple users. The method and system also serve well in finding people whose origin and destination are along the drive route.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and system for monitoring on route transportations. The method includes obtaining a driving route of a target vehicle; obtaining a reference position on the driving route away from a first current position of the target vehicle; determining a second current position of the target vehicle after a reference time; determining a distance between the second current position and the reference position is greater than a preset distance; and sending a signal to a target terminal indicating that the target vehicle is off-route.

Abstract: A mobile device can obtain wireless network signal strength map data that indicates, for various nearby geographical regions, the wireless network signal strength in each such region. A mobile device can transmit that data to a vehicular navigation system responsible for automatically selecting a high-quality route of vehicular travel between a specified source and destination. The system can take the wireless network signal map data into account when selecting that route. When selecting from among multiple different routes of vehicular travel between a specified source and destination, the system may employ an algorithm that considers wireless network signal strengths along those routes, in addition to the other factors. Consequently, the system can select a longer route having better signal strength over a shorter route having worse signal strength. The system can present the selected route within a set of suggested routes, potentially along with reasons for each route's suggestion.

Abstract: The present invention proposed a weighted Centroid Localisation (WCL) algorithm, which does the location estimation based only on the known positions of the gateways and the measurements of the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) at the gateways. The algorithm computes the weight of the gateway based on their rank when the gateways are sorted by their relative RSSI. Simulations have demonstrated the algorithm's robustness under different multipath/fading channel conditions and its good location performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to determination of a location of a device of a user. In a methods, information of signal strength of one or more wireless signals and information of signal strength distribution of wireless signals is obtained by a device. The information of signal strength and the information of signal strength distribution are used to determine at least one likelihood whether the device is inside an area. In the method radio maps representing signal strength distribution in the building may be used.

Abstract: The systems and techniques disclosed herein provide the ability to present, via a user interface, an indication of a geographic location to a user, determining that the geographic location corresponds to an address included in contact information for one of several contacts of the user, the contact information further including a name; receive, via the user interface, an indication that the geographic location is to be associated with the name included in the contact information; generate a location label for the geographic location, using the name included in the contact information; and outputting an indication of the location label.

Abstract: A portable wireless communications adapter includes a wireless antenna and wireless access point electronics configured to communicated wirelessly with a portable electronic device. The portable wireless communications adapter further includes a wireless receiver, a wireless transmitter, and a location sensing module. The wireless receiver is configured to receive Wireless Avionics Intra-Communication (WAIC) communications over a WAIC frequency range between 4.2 gigahertz (GHz) and 4.4 GHz. The wireless transmitter is configured to send WAIC communications over the WAIC frequency range. The location sensing module is configured to determine a location of the portable wireless communications adapter relative to an interior of an aircraft based on WAIC communications received at the wireless receiver, and selectively enable and disable the wireless transmitter based on the determined location.

Abstract: An embodiment of network coordinator apparatus may include a node provisioner to provision each of a plurality of low power nodes, a node associater to create a first association for each of the plurality of lower power nodes, and a node coordinator communicatively coupled to the node provisioner and the node associater to coordinate the plurality of lower power nodes.

Abstract: A method for optimizing capacity and coverage in a target area of a multi-radio access technology (RAT) cellular network. In some aspects, the performance of the higher-generation RAT and that of the lower-generation RAT are each evaluated in order to optimize the capacity and coverage of the higher-generation RAT.

Abstract: A portable wireless communications adapter includes a wireless antenna and wireless access point electronics configured to communicated wirelessly with a portable electronic device. The portable wireless communications adapter further includes a wireless receiver, a wireless transmitter, and a location sensing module. The wireless receiver is configured to receive Wireless Avionics Intra-Communication (WAIC) communications over a WAIC frequency range between 4.2 gigahertz (GHz) and 4.4 GHz. The wireless transmitter is configured to send WAIC communications over the WAIC frequency range. The location sensing module is configured to determine a location of the portable wireless communications adapter relative to an interior of an aircraft based on WAIC communications received at the wireless receiver, and selectively enable and disable the wireless transmitter based on the determined location.

Abstract: A communication method and a system for converging a 5th-generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-generation (4G) system with a technology for internet of things (IoT) are provided. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method for allocating resources and a method of a base station is provided. The method includes receiving from a terminal a resource allocation request, receiving from the terminal a control message including location information of a zone where the terminal is located, and allocating a resource group based on the location information.

Abstract: [Object] To enable management related to transmission and reception of data to be performed while reducing the load on the core network. [Solution] Provided is an apparatus including: an acquiring unit configured to acquire data destined for a second terminal device which is transmitted from a first terminal device to a base station of a cellular system; and a control unit configured to control transmission of the data in a manner that the data is transferred from the first terminal device to the second terminal device without going through a gateway configured to perform data transfer in the cellular system. The control unit controls transmission of information related to the data to the gateway or a specific node, and the specific node is a node configured to receive, from the gateway, information related to another data transferred via the gateway.

Abstract: A method and a device for tracking an item using a tracking device associated with the item are described. The method, executed in a processor of the tracking device, comprises identifying a location state of the tracking device as one of an indoor location and an outdoor location relative to an indoor facility, based on at least one of satellite based data and connectivity to an access point in the indoor facility. Upon identifying the location state as the indoor location, a wireless transceiver and one or more sensor devices may be activated. The sensor devices may include at least one of a wireless signal strength sensor, a wireless signal connectivity sensor, an inertial sensor, a magnetic field sensor, a barometric sensor, and an ambient light sensor. Further, indoor localization data gathered by the sensor devices may be provided for localization.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method for adjusting a length of a timer and a base station, where the method includes: detecting whether a quantity of accessing user equipments UE in a cell exceeds a preset quantity threshold; and increasing a length of a Radio Link Control (RLC) timer by a preset increment when the quantity of accessing UEs exceeds the preset quantity threshold. In the embodiments of the present invention, a radio resource waste can be avoided, and a UE call drop risk can be reduced.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus enabling a wireless network to generate data that can be used by a receiver (e.g., UE) to resolve the contributions of individual transmitters, such as to determine its location without resort to external devices such as GPS satellites. In one embodiment, the wireless network comprises a single frequency network (SFN), and a unique base station identifier is embedded within the data, and encoded in a manner which allows the UE to calculate path characteristics (such as path latency, and Direction of Arrival) to triangulate its position. In one variant, the data encoding comprises weighting frames of data from different base stations using an orthogonal matrix. Advantageously, the encoding and embedded identifier are also transparent to legacy UE, thereby allowing for implementation with no infrastructure or UE modifications other than software. Network and user apparatus implementing these methodologies, and methods of doing business, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A device can obtain acceleration data and GPS location data. The GPS location data can include a plurality of GPS location data samples relating to vehicles. The acceleration data can include a plurality of acceleration data samples relating to one or more of the vehicles. The device can determine, using the plurality of acceleration data samples or the plurality of GPS location data samples, a potential wrong-way travel event associated with a vehicle, determine whether the vehicle is associated with an industry in which vehicles legitimately engage in wrong-way travel after determining the potential wrong-way travel event, and perform one or more actions to cause information regarding the potential wrong-way travel event to be provided to a user device based on determining the potential wrong-way travel event and determining whether the vehicle is associated with an industry in which vehicles legitimately engage in wrong-way travel.

Abstract: Presented herein are techniques for optimizing spectral efficiency in a network. One or more metrics of one or more wireless access points that enable one or more wireless client devices to connect to a wireless network are monitored. The one or more metrics reflect a level of client device activity. Based on the one or more metrics, the level of client device activity is determined to require a change in a number of the one or more wireless access points that are active to serve the one or more wireless client devices. The one or more wireless access points are activated or deactivated to improve a spectral efficiency of the wireless network.

Abstract: A power reception apparatus includes a secondary coil which receives electric power in a non-contact manner from a primary coil which is disposed on a plane defined by a front-rear direction and a left-right direction which are at right angles to each other, a drive part which can change a relative position on the plane of the secondary coil relative to the primary coil, a display unit, and a processing unit for processing an image to be displayed on the display unit. In an event that the secondary coil is included in the target zone in relation to the left-right direction, the processing unit displays the relative position and the gradient of the secondary coil on the display unit, and changes display modes of displaying the relative position on the display unit according to a change in the relative position in the front-rear direction.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communications technologies, and disclose a positioning method and device, so as to resolve a prior-art problem of relatively low positioning precision caused by a relatively long message transmission delay. A specific solution is as follows: A positioning controller: sends, to a user device, a message that carries positioning auxiliary information including an identifier of a first base station and an identifier of at least one second base station; receives a message that carries a positioning measurement result; obtains location information of the first base station and location information of the at least one second base station; and determines location information of the user device according to the positioning measurement result, the location information of the first base station, and the location information of the at least one second base station.

Abstract: A system for locating a mobile device emitting a radio frequency signal. A wireless access point device of a wireless local area network is configured to communicatively connect to a wide area network. The system comprises a first access device for wirelessly communicatively detecting a first signal strength of the radio frequency signal in relation to the first access device, a media access control (MAC) address, and a first timestamp of the first signal strength, of the mobile device; a second access device for wirelessly communicatively detecting a second signal strength of the radio frequency signal in relation to the second access device, the MAC address, and a second timestamp of the second signal strength, of the mobile device; a third access device for wirelessly communicatively detecting a third signal strength of the radio frequency signal in relation to the third access device, the MAC address, and a third timestamp of the third signal strength, of the mobile device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for wireless location are disclosed. In one aspect, a method for wireless location includes collecting signal strength values from one or more nodes (e.g., mobile devices) in an area over a time interval. The nodes receive wireless signals from one or more other transmitting nodes, where the signal strength values are representative of the signal strengths of the wireless signals. The method further includes normalizing the collected signal strength values and evaluating respective locations within the area of the nodes based on the normalized signal strength values. In a further aspect, the evaluated locations of the nodes may be used to execute an automated light show over the area, by instructing the nodes to display certain color or pattern at their locations in the area.

Abstract: A communication system is provided that, if a large number of small cells are installed, is capable of configuring an operation suitable for small cells through simple operation and administration. If a small cell installed in Step ST1401 judges in Step ST1403 that a coverage macro cell, which includes the small cell in the coverage of the coverage macro cell, is present as a result of neighbor cell search in Step ST1402, notifies the coverage macro cell and another neighbor cell of its own capability in Steps ST1404 and 1405. The coverage macro cell selects a configuration parameter suitable for the capability of the small cell in Step ST1406 and notifies the small cell in Step ST1407. The small cell recognizes an operation mode configured by the coverage macro cell from the configuration parameter notified from the coverage macro cell, and then, starts operating in the operation mode.

Abstract: The invention enables providing content to an access zone or geographical sector within the access zone. The access zone comprises a first communication node or one or more further communication nodes forming together with a first communication node a mesh network within the access zone. Content is received in a distribution node from a content provider, which content is associated with a geographical location. The geographical location is mapped with location coordinates stored in a first storage device associated with the distribution node, wherein the location coordinates falls within the access zone or geographical sector, and the first communication node of the access zone is thus determined. The content is transmitted from the distribution node to the first communication node, where it is stored for use by a user device in the access zone or geographical sector.

Abstract: The invention discloses a recovery assistance device for helping in rescuing victims of avalanches, earthquakes or boat capsizes. The device is capable of calculating a position from combinations of a previous position and distances to other devices. Different configurations are possible, with a basic configuration consisting of a smart phone having waveform generation capabilities, processing and GNSS receiving capabilities. The device is programmed to be used in a defined mission by an application. The device can also receive a number of add-ons as a battery add-on, a modem add-on, a sound wave generation add-on, antennas, and protection, possibly waterproof, if adequate. Devices of the same type can be carried by people to be rescued and rescuers. The device is therefore quite versatile and can increase significantly the efficiency of rescue teams in different use case scenarios.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for providing a positioning service, a base station, and a terminal. The method for providing a positioning service comprises: sending positioning service provision capability indication information to a terminal; receiving a positioning service request reported by the terminal according to the positioning service provision capability indication information; and providing corresponding positioning service information to the terminal according to the positioning service request. In the content of the present disclosure, a corresponding positioning service is provided by using an existing mobile cellular base station, a great number of positioning base stations do not need to be built, and accordingly construction and maintenance costs can be reduced.

Abstract: When a user sees a content item presented by a social networking system, the user may select an option to save the content item. The saved content item may be reinserted in a newsfeed presented to the user, integrated into collections, archived, used for notifications to the user, or otherwise subsequently presented to the user. A plug-in may be used to save content items accessed through websites external to the social networking system. As privacy settings associated with a saved content item are modified, the modified privacy settings are applied to the saved content item, which may prevent the user saving the content item from subsequently viewing the saved content item.

Abstract: A self-localizing apparatus uses timestampable signals transmitted by transceivers that are a part of a distributed localization system to compute its position relative to the transceivers. Transceivers and self-localizing apparatuses are arranged for highly accurate timestamping using digital and analog reception and transmission electronics as well as one or more highly accurate clocks, compensation units, localization units, position calibration units, scheduling units, or synchronization units. Transceivers and self-localizing apparatuses are further arranged to allow full scalability in the number of self-localizing apparatuses and to allow robust self-localization with latencies and update rates useful for high performance applications such as autonomous mobile robot control.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of an electronic device is provided. The method includes receiving, from a first server, a designated content including at least one piece of information associated with a second server. The method also includes receiving content identification information from the second server when the electronic device is located in a short-range wireless communication area of the second server. The method further includes displaying at least one information that corresponds to the content identification information, from the content received from the first server.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a searchable encryption model for fast indexing and searching of encoded documents. The encoded documents may have multiple encryption and/or compression layers applied. The model supports full or partial keywords and simple or complex queries. The index model may be based on prefix trees to optimize space and time complexities during indexing and searching. This index model can be used as the foundation to more complex search engines. Indexed documents may be tokenized and each token indexed in a prefix tree data structure, or trie index. Tokens in the index may be associated with a token catalog that includes information related to the documents that include the token. Token catalogs may be implemented as inverted indices that map tokens to documents. If a query is provided, a result set responsive to the query may be provided based on the token index and the token catalogs.

Abstract: A method of managing a display of applications on a computing device can include identifying a plurality of contexts in which the computing device is used, each context being associated with (i) one or more signals and (ii) a plurality of applications. The method can also include detecting at least a subset of the signals during usage of the computing device and determining, based on the detected signals, that the computing devices is being used within a first context. The method can further include ranking, based on usage of the computing device, the applications associated with the first context. The method can still further include displaying, based on the ranking, representations of a first subset of the applications associated with the first context on a display of the computing device.

Abstract: This specification describes a method comprising detecting presence of a portable device in a vicinity of a first vehicle based on an identifier of the portable device which is detected at first user equipment, UE, located at the first vehicle, and further comprising causing transmission, from the first UE to a second UE located at a second vehicle in the vicinity of the first vehicle, of the identifier of the portable device and measurement data relating to the portable device and collected at the first vehicle, the measurement data being for use at the second vehicle to determine the location of the portable device relative to the second vehicle.

Abstract: An authentication element, specifically a keyless go device for a vehicle. The authentication element has a transponding interface for transmitting an authentication signal and receiving power and data. The authentication element also has a key button device for detecting user input, whereby the authentication element is designed such that authentication signals are transmitted over the transponding interface if the key button device detects user input. An authentication system for vehicles includes at least one authentication element and an apparatus.

Abstract: An adaptive, user-centric system and network for controlling power consumption by an appliance is described. The appliance may be any type of powered apparatus, such as A/C units, heaters, computers, lights, kitchen appliances, home media centers, and so on. The power to these appliances is based on an estimated arrival time of the user to the destination where the appliance is located. It may also be based on previous performance data for the particular appliance, that is, given the current conditions (e.g., various environment temperature readings), how long has it taken in the past for the appliance to reach a certain level of operation. The location of the user is determined by a device that has some location-based services and is able to transmit this location/position data in a message to a power-control server. The server applies rules contained in the message to derive an estimated arrival time for the user which is used to power appliances at the user's destination.