Water Jacket Patents (Class 48/67)
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Patent number: 9890341Abstract: A process and device for the gasification of liquid or fine-grain solid fuel materials in a reactor is described. Synthesis gas is generated in a first reaction chamber arranged in the upper part of the reactor; feedstock is fed to the upper part. Liquid slag precipitates on its lateral walls. The lower side has a hole with a slag drop-off edge; generated synthesis gas can be withdrawn in downward direction and the liquid slag can drop off the edge. A second chamber delimited by a water film is located under the opening. A third chamber adjacent to the bottom of the second is fed with water. A water bath is adjacent the bottom of the third chamber. The synthesis gas is withdrawn from the pressure vessel in an area at the side or below the third chamber, but located above the water bath.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 2016Date of Patent: February 13, 2018Assignee: Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AGInventors: Johannes Kowoll, Eberhard Kuske, Ralf Abraham, Max Heinritz-Adrian
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Patent number: 9115323Abstract: A gasification reactor including a gasifier having a tubular gastight wall with a discharge channel or dip tube at its lower end leading into a lower slag collection bath. The gastight wall and the slag collection bath are arranged within a pressure vessel. An annular space between the pressure vessel and the gasifier with the discharge channel is separated in a high pressure top section and a low pressure lower section by a sealing arrangement having a damper. The damper can for instance be a hydraulic lock, or a lower seal at a distance below an upper seal.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 2012Date of Patent: August 25, 2015Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Paul Christian Karzel, Manfred Heinrich Schmitz-Goeb
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Patent number: 9028568Abstract: A system includes a carbon dioxide treatment system that includes a catalyst configured to treat carbon dioxide to produce a treated carbon dioxide. The system also includes a gasifier injector configured to inject the treated carbon dioxide, a fuel, and oxygen into a gasifier. The gasifier injector may be coupled to or located inside the gasifier.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 2010Date of Patent: May 12, 2015Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Raymond Douglas Steele, Pradeep Stanley Thacker
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Patent number: 9017435Abstract: A system, including a gasifier comprising a wall defining a chamber, an inlet, an outlet, and a port, a combination feed injector coupled to the inlet, wherein the combination feed injector is configured to inject a first fuel and air or oxygen into the chamber to preheat the gasifier, and the combination feed injector is configured to inject a second fuel and oxygen into the gasifier after preheating to gasify the second fuel, an optical device coupled to the port, a sensor coupled to the optical device, and a monitoring system coupled to the sensor, wherein the monitoring system is configured to acquire data from the sensor, process the data, and provide an output representative of a condition of the gasifier based on the data.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 2010Date of Patent: April 28, 2015Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Thomas Frederick Leininger
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Patent number: 8951311Abstract: A method and system for controlling a fuel gasification system includes optimizing a conversion of solid components in the fuel to gaseous fuel components, controlling the flux of solids entrained in the product gas through equipment downstream of the gasifier, and maximizing the overall efficiencies of processes utilizing gasification. A combination of models, when utilized together, can be integrated with existing plant control systems and operating procedures and employed to develop new control systems and operating procedures. Such an approach is further applicable to gasification systems that utilize both dry feed and slurry feed.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 2011Date of Patent: February 10, 2015Assignee: U.S. Department of EnergyInventors: Peter L. Rozelle, Victor K. Der
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Patent number: 8894728Abstract: In the case of a device for gasification of carbonaceous fuels, having a discharge for slags into a slag bath, a solution is supposed to be created with which the gasifier discharge opening is reliably kept at a temperature that guarantees that the slag will flow out. This is achieved in that the gasifier discharge opening (6) is equipped with a ceramic drip edge (7) that can be electrically heated.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 2009Date of Patent: November 25, 2014Assignee: ThyssenKrupp Uhde GmbHInventors: Domenico Pavone, Ralf Abraham, Muhammad Iqbal Mian
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Patent number: 8801813Abstract: A gasification apparatus for solid fuel, especially an apparatus for producing syngas by pressurized gasification of coal powder, including a gasification chamber (II) and a syngas cooling and purification chamber (III). The inner wall of the gasification chamber is a water-cooling wall (4). The inner side of the water-cooled wall is evenly coated with a layer of fire-resistant material (16). There is an annular cavity between the water-cooling wall of the gasification chamber and the furnace body. A syngas quencher, a vertical pipe (22), a gas distribution device (24), a defoaming device, and a dewatering and deashing device (21) are provided in the syngas cooling and purification chamber. The apparatus has a simple structure and is easy to operate. A high temperature gasification method for dry powder of carbonaceous material comprises spraying the combustible material and oxygen into the furnace and followed by ignition.Type: GrantFiled: December 25, 2009Date of Patent: August 12, 2014Assignee: Changzheng Engineering Co., Ltd.Inventors: Zhengtao Lu, Mingkun Wang, Congbin Jiang, Wei Xin, Ruiheng Gao, Honghai Li
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Patent number: 8771604Abstract: A liner for use within a gasifier vessel includes a plurality of elongated channels and a plurality of ceramic sheaths. The elongated channels pass coolant through the gasifier. The ceramic sheaths surround the elongated channels.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 2007Date of Patent: July 8, 2014Assignee: Aerojet Rocketdyne of DE, Inc.Inventors: Mark A. Fitzsimmons, Stephen Arthur Yows, Steven P. Fusselman
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Patent number: 8769964Abstract: A syngas cooler that includes an outer wall defining a cavity. A first membrane water wall is positioned within the cavity. A thermal siphon is positioned between the first membrane water wall and the outer wall and is configured to channel a flow of syngas therethrough to facilitate cooling the channeled syngas.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 2010Date of Patent: July 8, 2014Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Pradeep S. Thacker, Paul Steven Wallace
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Patent number: 8764860Abstract: A system includes a gasification vessel configured to receive a fuel and an oxidizer. The system also includes a gasifier disposed in the gasification vessel. The gasifier is configured to partially oxidize the fuel and the oxidizer to generate a syngas. The system further includes a convective syngas cooler configured to cool the syngas via heat exchange with a coolant. The convective syngas cooler is disposed in an interior of the gasification vessel.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 2012Date of Patent: July 1, 2014Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Aaron John Avagliano, James Michael Storey
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Patent number: 8747501Abstract: A fuel gasification system including a gasification furnace including a fluidized bed formed by fluidizing reactant gas for gasifying fuel charged into gasification gas and flammable solid content, a combustion furnace for combustion of the flammable solid content into which the flammable solid content produced in the furnace is introduced together with bed material and that includes a fluidized bed formed by fluidizing reactant gas, a material separator such as hot cyclone that separates bed material from exhaust gas introduced from the combustion furnace, the separated bed material being fed through a downcomer to the gasification furnace, and a tar decomposing mechanism that heats the gasification gas produced in the furnace to decompose tar contained in the gasification gas.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2012Date of Patent: June 10, 2014Assignee: IHI CorporationInventors: Takahiro Murakami, Koubun Kyo, Toshiyuki Suda
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Patent number: 8475547Abstract: In a reactor for gasification of entrained solid and liquid fuels at temperatures between 1,200 and 1,900° C. and at pressures between ambient pressure and 10 MPa using an oxidizing agent containing free oxygen, the cooling screen is connected to the pressure shell in a gastight manner via a sliding seal in order to allow length changes. Continuous gas purging of the annular gap between pressure shell and cooling screen is unnecessary and gasification gas is prevented from flowing behind.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 2008Date of Patent: July 2, 2013Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Volker Kirchhübel, Christian Reuther, Manfred Schingnitz, Heidrun Toth
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Patent number: 8475548Abstract: In a reactor for the gasification of solid and liquid fuels in the entrained flow at temperatures between 1200 and 1900° C. and pressures between ambient pressure and 10 MPa with an oxidizing agent containing free oxygen, the cooling screen is connected in a gas-tight manner to the pressure shell via a bellows compensator to accommodate linear deformation. Continuous sweeping by gas of the annular gap between pressure shell and cooling screen is unnecessary and backflow by producer gas is prevented.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 2008Date of Patent: July 2, 2013Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Volker Kirchhübel, Manfred Schingnitz, Heidrun Toth
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Patent number: 8475546Abstract: A reactor vessel includes a dipleg connecting a tubular syngas collection chamber and a quench chamber. The collection chamber connects to the dipleg via a slag tap having a frusto-conical part starting from the lower end of the collection chamber and diverging to an opening connected to an interior of the dipleg. The slag tap has a first tubular part connected to the opening of the frusto-conical part and extending in the direction of the dipleg. A second tubular part connects to the frusto-conical part or to the tubular part and extends toward the dipleg. The second tubular part is spaced away from the dipleg to provide an annular space having a discharge conduit. The discharge conduit has a discharge opening located to direct water along the inner wall of the dipleg. At least half of the vertical length of the first tubular part extends below the discharge opening.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 2009Date of Patent: July 2, 2013Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Benedict Ignatius Maria Ten Bosch, Thomas Ebner, Wouter Koen Harteveld, Hans Joachim Heinen, Manfred Heinrich Schmitz-Goeb
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Patent number: 8419812Abstract: A reactor for the recovery of carbon and hydrocarbons from organic input material through pyrolysis includes a vessel with a chamber that is limited outwardly by an outer jacket and by an upper and a lower end-wall section, and in which chamber input material in fragmented form is to be placed; an inlet which for the introduction of heated inert gas into the chamber for passage through the input material comprises several inlet units arranged in areas in the chamber; and an outlet which for the passage out from the chamber of gas that has passed through the input material that has been placed in the chamber comprises number of outlet units arranged in areas in the chamber.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 2007Date of Patent: April 16, 2013Assignee: SES IP ABInventor: Bengt-Sture Ershag
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Patent number: 8398730Abstract: A method of producing substitute natural gas (SNG) includes providing a gasification reactor having a cavity defined at least partially by a first wall. The reactor also includes a first passage defined at least partially by at least a portion of the first wall and a second wall, wherein the first passage is in heat transfer communication with the first wall. The reactor further includes a second passage defined at least partially by at least a portion of the second wall and a third wall. The method also includes coupling the cavity in flow communication with the first and second passages. The method further includes producing a first synthetic gas (syngas) stream within the cavity. The method also includes channeling at least a portion of the first syngas stream to the first and second passages.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2008Date of Patent: March 19, 2013Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Paul Steven Wallace, Arnaldo Frydman
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Patent number: 8376034Abstract: A method of assembling a radiant cooler includes providing a vessel shell that defines a gas flow passage therein that extends generally axially through the vessel shell, forming a tube cage from coupling a plurality of cooling tubes together to form a tube cage defined by a plurality of chevron-shaped projections that extend circumferentially about a center axis of the tube cage, each chevron-shaped projection includes a first side and a second side coupled together a tip, circumferentially-adjacent pairs of projections coupled together such that a valley is defined between each pair of circumferentially-spaced projections, each of the projection tips is positioned radially outward from each of the valleys, and orienting the tube cage within the vessel shell such that the tube cage is in flow communication with the flow passage.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2007Date of Patent: February 19, 2013Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: James Michael Storey, Aaron John Avagliano, Ashley Nicole Gerbode, John Battaglioli
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Patent number: 8236071Abstract: A quench ring for use with a gasifier system. The quench ring including an annular manifold having a radius, an annular channel coupled in flow communication with said manifold, and at least one inlet coupled in flow communication with said manifold, said at least one inlet having a center line aligned substantially tangentially to said annular manifold.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 2007Date of Patent: August 7, 2012Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Judeth Helen Brannon Corry, Yulianto Salahuddin Mohsin
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Patent number: 8202330Abstract: A method for gasifying solid fuel in a co-current gasifier having a fuel silo and a combustion chamber. The method includes a pyrolysis phase in which the fuel decomposes into pyrolysis products, and a gasification phase in which the pyrolysis products are gasified into product gas. Heat transfer from the combustion chamber to the fuel silo is restricted to ensure that the fuel does not dry and pyrolysis does not take place in the fuel silo. The beginning of the pyrolysis is intentionally transferred as close to the gasification phase as possible, and an attempt is made to make the duration of the pyrolysis phase as short as possible. The rise of the fuel temperature is slowed down by transferring heat generated in the gasification phase to a medium, such as gasification air. In the co-current gasifier between the fuel silo and the combustion chamber, there is a cooling channel, which restricts heat transfer and also functions as a preheater for the gasification air.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2008Date of Patent: June 19, 2012Assignee: Gasek OyInventor: Eero Kangasoja
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Patent number: 8187349Abstract: A gasification reactor vessel comprising a combustion chamber in the upper half of the vessel, provided with a product gas outlet at the bottom end of the combustion chamber, at least two burner openings are present in the wall of the combustion chamber, which burner openings are located at the same horizontal level and are positioned diametrical relative to each other and wherein in each burner opening a burner is present, wherein between the wall of the combustion chamber and the wall of vessel an annular space is provided, wherein the wall of the combustion chamber comprises an arrangement of interconnected tubes (vertical arranged or helical coiled), wherein the product gas outlet at the bottom end of the combustion chamber is fluidly connected to a dip-tube, which partly is submerged in a water bath located at the lower end of the reactor vessel, and wherein at the upper end of the dip-tube means are present to add a quenching medium to the, in use, downwardly flowing mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxType: GrantFiled: March 14, 2008Date of Patent: May 29, 2012Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Steffen Jancker, Thomas Paul Von Kossak-Glowczewski, Joachim Wolff
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Patent number: 8163047Abstract: A method of cooling hot fluid flowing through a chamber is provided. The method includes channeling cooling fluid through at least one cooling tube that extends through a passage of the chamber, and circulating the hot fluid flowing within the passage around the at least one cooling tube using at least one fluid diverter.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 2007Date of Patent: April 24, 2012Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: George Albert Goller, Daniel Anthony Nowak
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Patent number: 8136544Abstract: A sealing apparatus adapted for use in a pressure vessel such as a synthesis gas cooler. The sealing apparatus is of a segmented plate construction formed around an outer wall section of a conduit means of the pressure vessel that defines at least part of a passage for receiving effluent from a gasification process. Pressure responsive mechanisms are provided on the plate segments to maintain the pressure difference across the sealing apparatus within the acceptable operating limits as well as to permit instantaneous pressure release to prevent damage to the pressure part assembly or cage. The seal is also maintained continuously through the differential growth movement between the conduit means and the pressure vessel during heat up and cool down cycles.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 2007Date of Patent: March 20, 2012Inventors: Rickey A. Wilson, David L. Kraft, Steven R. Fry
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Patent number: 8083817Abstract: An entrained bed gasifier for operation with particulate or liquid fuels is provided. A reaction chamber defined by a cold screen and a quenching chamber connected to the reaction chamber using a crude gas and slag outlet, wherein at least the cold screen is enclosed by a pressure-resistant pressure mantle. The annular gap between the cold screen and pressure jacket may be filled with a fluid, for example, water or heat transfer oil. A rough pressure equalization between the gasification chamber and the annual gap may be guaranteed using a connection between the annular gap and the quenching chamber or the crude gas line, hence the pressure in the gasification chamber normally remains slightly higher than in the inner water jacket.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2008Date of Patent: December 27, 2011Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Volker Kirchhübel, Friedemann Mehlhose, Manfred Schingnitz, Heidrun Toth
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Patent number: 8002855Abstract: A reactor is proposed for entrained flow gasification for operation with pulverized or liquid fuels, with an externally cooled draft tube protecting the slag discharge outlet. An outlet of the draft tube remains above a water line of a sump of the reactor and is formed from Molybdenum, an alloy featuring molybdenum, Tantalum or an alloy featuring Tantalum.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2008Date of Patent: August 23, 2011Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Matthias Köhler, Joachim Lamp
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Patent number: 7931710Abstract: A steam generator used to contain and cool the synthesis gas produced by coal gasification processes employs radiant and convection surfaces, and an integral gasifier, in a specific arrangement to achieve a cost-effective, compact design.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 2005Date of Patent: April 26, 2011Inventor: Kiplin C. Alexander
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Patent number: 7846226Abstract: A method of assembling a spray quench apparatus is provided. The method includes coupling a first end of an exit tube to a quench chamber such that the exit tube end is in flow communication with the quench chamber, coupling at least one spray nozzle to an opposite second end of the exit tube such that water emitted from the spray nozzle fills the exit tube and forms a film of water across an inner surface of the exit tube, coupling a water source to the quench chamber for providing a substantially continuous water film along an inner surface of the quench chamber, and coupling at least one discharge apparatus to the quench chamber for providing water spray into the quench chamber, wherein the water of the water film and water sprays drains into a water sump.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 2008Date of Patent: December 7, 2010Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Thomas Frederick Leininger, Allyson Joy Jimenez-Huyke, Judeth Brannon Corry, Fulton Jose Lopez, Aaron John Avagliano, John Saunders Stevenson, Lien-Yan Chen
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Publication number: 20100263278Abstract: A process and device for the gasification of liquid or fine-grain solid fuel materials with the aid of oxygenous, gaseous gasification agents in a reactor is described. Liquid slag is separated on the walls of the reactor. The synthesis gas is generated in a first reaction chamber arranged in the upper part of the reactor and the feedstock is fed to the upper part. Liquid slag precipitates on its lateral walls, with free downflow and no solidification of the slag surface. The lower side has a hole with a slag drop-off edge, from which the generated synthesis gas can be withdrawn in downward direction and the liquid slag can drop off the edge. A second chamber which is delimited by a water film is located under the opening and used to keep the synthesis gas dry and cool. A third chamber is adjacent to the bottom of the second and fed with water to cool the synthesis gas.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 18, 2008Publication date: October 21, 2010Applicant: UHDE GMBHInventors: Johannes Kowoll, Eberhard Kuske, Ralf Abraham, Max Heinritz-Adrian
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Patent number: 7803216Abstract: A compact pressurized high-temperature gas cooler having superior heat exchange performance and excellent economical efficiency is provided. A return-flow structure is formed in which a flue through which high-temperature gas flows is formed in a pressure container, a heat exchanger is disposed in the flue, and a partition dividing the internal cross-sectional area of the flue is provided so that the high-temperature gas supplied from a bottom or a top portion of the pressure container flows back in a return direction. The cross-sectional-area division ratio dividing the internal cross-section of the flue is set so that the flow rate of the high-temperature gas flowing in one direction matches that flowing in the direction opposite thereto.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2006Date of Patent: September 28, 2010Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Yoshinori Koyama, Katsuhiko Yokohama, Osamu Shinada, Hiromi Ishii, Yuichiro Kitagawa, Kosei Manabe
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Patent number: 7794514Abstract: A two-stage gasification apparatus coupled with heat recovery and washing includes a columnar shell (7), an entrained flow gasification chamber (1), a fixed bed gasification chamber (18), a waste heat boiler (19) and a gas cooling-washing chamber (14) set coaxially from top to bottom inside the columnar shell (7). Process nozzle chambers (3) are set at a sidewall and/or a top of the entrained flow gasification chamber (1), and process nozzles (2) are set in a nozzle chambers (3). A feed-in lock hopper (25) is set and a fixed bed gasification chamber (18). An eccentric grate (10) is set in the middle of a lower part of the fixed bed gasification chamber (18), and the grate is connected with an ash-pan (11), which is conjoined with a motor (36) via transmission mechanism. An inverse cone (22) is erected at an upper part of a cooling-washing chamber (14).Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 2007Date of Patent: September 14, 2010Assignee: East China University of Science & TechnologyInventors: Zunhong Yu, Yifei Wang, Guangsuo Yu, Fuchen Wang, Xueli Chen, Zhenghua Dai, Xiaolei Guo, Qinfeng Liang, Weifeng Li, Xin Gong, Haifeng Liu
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Patent number: 7740671Abstract: A dump-cooled gasifier includes a vessel, a liner, and coolant. The liner has a head end, an aft end, and a plurality of channels extending along a length of the vessel. The aft end of the liner is axially and radially expandable with respect to the head end of the liner. The coolant enters at the head end of the liner, flows through the liner, and is expelled from the aft end of the liner directly into the vessel.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2006Date of Patent: June 22, 2010Assignee: Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc.Inventors: Stephen Arthur Yows, Steven P. Fusselman
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Publication number: 20100005720Abstract: A method of constructing an inner thermal lining or jacket of a jacketed gasifer having an outer shell with an opening allowing access to an interior of the gasifer includes inserting jacket wall segments (40) into the gasifer interior through the opening, the jacket wall segments (40) each comprising an elongate jacket plate (42) with an annulus face (44) and a plurality of transversely extending longitudinally spaced stiffener formations (46) standing proud of the annulus face (44). The jacket wall segments (40) are arranged side by side leaving an aperture or space between adjacent jacket plates. The stiffener formations (46) of adjacent spaced jacket wall segments are welded together through the aperture or space between said adjacent spewed jacket wall segments, and the apertures or spaces with window plates (58).Type: ApplicationFiled: September 17, 2009Publication date: January 14, 2010Applicant: SASOL TECHNOLOGY (PROPRIETARY) LIMITEDInventors: Jacobus Andreas Stadler, Zbigniew Franciszek Matyja
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Patent number: 7587995Abstract: A radiant syngas cooler used to contain and cool the synthesis gas produced by coal gasification processes employs radiant and convection surfaces in a specific arrangement to achieve a cost-effective, compact design.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 2006Date of Patent: September 15, 2009Assignee: Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc.Inventors: Dave L. Kraft, Kiplin C. Alexander, Steven R. Fry, Thomas E. Doyle, Melvin J. Albrecht
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Patent number: 7540892Abstract: A system for generating hydrogen gas utilizes a volume exchange housing for the storage of a fuel material that reacts to generate hydrogen gas and a hydrogen separation chamber. The system includes a gas permeable membrane or membranes that allow hydrogen gas to pass through the membrane while preventing aqueous solutions from passing therethrough. The system is orientation independent. A throttle valve is also used to self regulate the reaction generating the hydrogen gas.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 2006Date of Patent: June 2, 2009Assignee: Millennium Cell Inc.Inventors: Michael Strizki, Richard M. Mohring
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Publication number: 20080222955Abstract: Gasification reactor vessel, comprising a combustion chamber in the upper half of the vessel, provided with a product gas outlet at the bottom end of the combustion chamber, a burner positioned such that, in use, it fires into the combustion chamber, said burner provided with at least supply conduits for an oxidiser gas and a carbonaceous feed, wherein between the wall of the combustion chamber and the wall of vessel an annular space is provided, and wherein the wall of the combustion chamber comprises an arrangement of interconnected tubes (vertical arranged or helical coiled), and wherein two burner openings are present in the wall of the combustion chamber, which burner openings are located at the same horizontal level and are positioned diametrical relative to each other and wherein in the burner opening a burner is present.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 14, 2008Publication date: September 18, 2008Inventors: Steffen Jancker, Thomas Paul Von Kossak-Glowczewski, Joachim Wolff
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Publication number: 20080134578Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-burner gasification reactor for gasification of slurry or pulverized hydrocarbon feed materials and industry applications thereof. Burners are disposed on the periphery or top of a gasification reactor vessel, wherein the side burners are at a small downward angle relative to the horizontal plane, which can prolong the life of refractory bricks. The operating pressure of the gasification reactor is 0.1˜12 MPa, and the operating temperature thereof is 1350° C.˜1700° C. The gasification reactor is applicable to a hot-wall lining as well as a cold-wall lining. The notable advantages of the gasification reactor are carbon conversion is high and can reach 99%, and the effective gas content is high; specific coal consumption and specific oxygen consumption are low; and it is applicable to a large coal gasification plant that processes above 3000 tons of coal per day.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 15, 2007Publication date: June 12, 2008Inventors: Zunhong Yu, Guangsuo Yu, Xin Gong, Fuchen Wang, Haifeng Liu, Zhenghua Dai, Yifei Wang, Weifeng Li, Qinfeng Liang, Xiaolei Guo, Xingjun Wang, Xueli Chen, Zhijie Zhou
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Publication number: 20080034658Abstract: A method and device which enables an oxygen-free gasification process of both a hydrocarbon-containing (initiation/catalyzing) gas in combination either/both carbonaceous and non-carbonaceous solids and/or liquids or mixture thereof (feedstock material). This is a closed-loop system thus eliminating emissions and preventing environmentally damaging pollution. In one embodiment, a solid feedstock material is utilized, although solids, liquids or slurry may be used. Pulverized solid feedstock martial is first cleansed, dried and then saturated with a hydrocarbon containing gas to displace and remove any air or oxygen from voids in particulate matter. (Liquid feedstock material does not first need to be dried or saturated). The initiation gas is first injected into a high-temperature gasification tube. Simultaneously, gas saturated feedstock material is injected into a feedstock injection tube which openly terminates inside the gasification tube.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 13, 2007Publication date: February 14, 2008Inventors: Catherine Ann Heiser, Mark Lewis Heiser
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Patent number: 7037473Abstract: An appliance for the gasification of carbon- and ash-containing fuel, residual and waste materials using an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent at temperatures above the melting point of the inorganic fractions, in a reaction chamber which is designed as an entrained-bed reactor, at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 80 bar, preferably between atmospheric pressure and 30 bar, the contour of the reaction chamber being delimited by a cooled reactor wall. The cooled reactor wall having the following structure, from the outside inward: a pressure shell, a cooling wall, a water-cooled gap between the pressure shell and the cooling wall, a ceramic protection for the cooling wall, and a layer of slag. The pressure and temperature of the cooling gap between the pressure shell and the cooling wall is controlled in such a way that it can be operated above and below the boiling point of the cooling water. The pressure in the cooling gap is higher than the pressure in the gasification chamber.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1998Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignee: Future Energy GmbHInventors: Ralf Donner, Dietmar Degenkolb, Manfred Schingnitz
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Patent number: 6827912Abstract: The invention relates to a reactor vessel and method for the gasification of carbon-containing fuel, residual and waste materials using an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent and in a reaction chamber which is designed as an entrained-bed reactor, at pressures between ambient pressure and 80 bar, preferably between ambient pressure and 30 bar, the contour of the reaction chamber being delimited by a cooling system, and the pressure in the cooling system always being held at a higher level than the pressure in the reaction chamber, and the cooling system withstanding the maximum possible pressure difference with respect to the reaction chamber, which has been depressurized to atmospheric pressure, which reactor vessel is distinguished by the fact that cooling channels are formed by webs which are in contact both with a refractory protective layer and with the pressure shell.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 2000Date of Patent: December 7, 2004Assignee: Noell-KRC Energie-und Umwelttechnik GmbHInventors: Manfred Schingnitz, Christian Reuther, Dietmar Degenkolb
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Patent number: 6051195Abstract: The present invention pertains to a synthesis gas heat exchanger unit with one synthesis gas radiant cooler (1), two synthesis gas convection coolers (23), one crude gas-clean gas heat exchanger (4), one crude gas-inert gas heat exchanger (5), and one dust separator (11). These devices are preferably arranged vertically or slopingly. The crude gas heat exchangers (4, 5, 23) are designed as single-flue, double-flue or multiple-flue heat exchangers. They are elastically supported via claws (10) and are equipped with an electric heater (9). A soot blower system (13) is associated with each flue (4.1, 4.2) as well as (5.1, 5.2) and right hand flue and left hand flue (23.1, 23.2) at the crude gas inlet. Soot blowers (31) are likewise provided on the connection lines (2, 6), and mass flow controllers (7) are provided in the lower connection lines (6).Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1997Date of Patent: April 18, 2000Assignee: Man Gutehoffnungshutte AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wolfgang Deeke, Wolfram Gruhlke, Jurgen Heering, Klaus Kohnen
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Patent number: 5935277Abstract: In a reforming reactor suitable particularly for the water vapor reforming of methanol in mobile applications such as vehicles, a reaction space is filled with a catalyst pellet fill and has a movable reaction space wall which exerts a position-fixing pressure onto the catalyst pellet fill. According to the invention, a filling device is provided through which catalyst material can be filled from the outside into the reaction space through a passage opening formed in one of the reaction space walls.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1997Date of Patent: August 10, 1999Assignee: Daimler-Benz AGInventors: Rainer Autenrieth, Dietmar Heil, Wolfgang Weger, Uwe Benz
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Patent number: 5464592Abstract: A gasifier for partially combusting a carbonaceous fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the gasifier. The latter includes a water bath into which the hot effluent or products of combustion are immersed, including a synthetic gas. The products of combustion are directed into the bath by way of a constricted throat section. To avoid excessive erosion action and/or thermal shock to the throat section as a result of exposure to the effluent's high temperatures, the throat section is structured with an internal framework of pipes. The framework is communicated with a pressurized source of a cooling fluid, preferably water, whereby to cool the throat section sufficiently to counteract the ill effects of exposure to contact with the high temperature effluent.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1993Date of Patent: November 7, 1995Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Donald D. Brooker, James S. Falsetti, James K. Wolfenbarger, Dinh-Cuong Vuong
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Patent number: 5458859Abstract: A device for removing heavy metals and slags from synthesis gas produced from refinery wastes includes a gas deflecting device (3, 4), in which the hot synthesis gas, flowing vertically in the downward direction, is deflected into the horizontal direction and enters a known waste heat cooler (2). The gas deflecting device is arranged under a prior-art synthesis gas reactor (1). A ceramic deflecting wall (5), around the lower end of which the synthesis gas is guided, is built in within the deflecting device (3, 4). Since synthesis gas produced from refinery wastes contains a relatively high percentage of heavy metals and slags, there is a risk that these particles will contaminate the [heat] exchanger walls of the subsequent waste heat cooler (2). The heavy metals and slags are separated frown the gas flow in the deflecting device (3, 4).Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1994Date of Patent: October 17, 1995Assignee: Man GuthehoffnungshutteInventor: Frohmut Vollhardt
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Patent number: 5445658Abstract: The gasification apparatus for gasification of finely divided combustible material under pressure includes a gasification reactor which produces a crude gas, a quenching pipe and a convection-heated boiler with a boiler housing, all mounted inside a pressurized vessel. A gas flow guiding device is provided above the quenching pipe for conducting a mixed gas flow containing the crude gas and a quenching gas from the quenching pipe into the convection-heated boiler which surrounds the quenching pipe concentrically. A gas outlet device is provided for the gas flow from the convection-heated boiler and from the pressurized vessel. The gasification reactor is supported at its bottom end in the pressurized vessel at anchoring points. The convection-heated surface elements of the convection-heated boiler are supported by the quenching pipe and the boiler housing but in a stress-free manner.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1994Date of Patent: August 29, 1995Assignee: Krupp Koppers GmbHInventors: Rainer Durrfeld, Johannes Kowoll, Eberhard Kuske, Hans Niermann, Gerhard Wilmer, Joachim Wolff
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Patent number: 5425791Abstract: A slag tap system for a pressurized gasifier system that includes a reaction vessel and a pressure vessel in surrounding relation to the reaction vessel.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1994Date of Patent: June 20, 1995Assignee: Combustion Engineering, Inc.Inventor: Michael C. Tanca
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Patent number: 5251575Abstract: The installation comprises a steam generator, which consists of a first heat exchanger (50) and two second heat generators (53, 54). The first heat exchanger (50) is a radiant heat exchanger, in which the temperature of the hot gas coming from a reactor (52) is lowered to a temperature beneath the softening point of the dust. The second heat exchangers (53, 54) are convection heat exchangers, which are connected after downstream of the first heat exchangers (50) in the gas flow and are connected in parallel to one another. In the gas flow downstream of each second heat exchanger (53, 54) is a shut-off device (61 and 62).Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1992Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Assignee: Sulzer Brothers LimitedInventor: Roland Michel
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Patent number: 5248316Abstract: A reactor (7) for gasifying materials that contain carbon under pressure has a tube wall (20) that has coolant flowing through it and is lined with a refractory material (21). The outlet (9) from the reactor (7) points down and opens into a cooler (10). The reactor is accommodated in a pressurized vessel (1) along with the cooler (10) and can be released and removed independently.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1991Date of Patent: September 28, 1993Assignees: Deutsche Babcock Energie- und Umwelttechnik AG, Deutsches Brennstoffinstitut GmbHInventors: Helmut Peise, Wolfgang Heinrich, Klaus Lucas, Jurgen Gorz, Manfred Forster, Muharrem Kilicaslan
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Patent number: 5230717Abstract: A gasification furnace main body, having both a water-cooled wall structure and a duct having a water-cooled wall structure and containing therein a group of gas cooling heat-exchangers disposed within a pressure vessel, is improved in order to prevent a reduction in temperature of gas within the pressure vessel which would otherwise occur due to convection and to avoid the risk of fire and explosion which would otherwise be created by char accumulating within the pressure vessel. The improvements reside in an outlet of the duct and the inside of the pressure vessel communicating with each other at a defined location in the apparatus, a partition wall connecting the wall of the duct with an inner wall surface of the pressure vessel at a level higher than that location, and equalizing valves for placing the spaces on respective sides of the partition wall in communication with each other when a pressure difference between the respective sides of the partition wall has become a predetermined value or larger.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1991Date of Patent: July 27, 1993Assignee: Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kiichiro Ogawa, Yoshitaka Koga, Hiroshi Akiyama, Mitsuharu Takaki
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Patent number: 5034021Abstract: Apparatus is described for the pyrolysis of coal comprising a pyrolysis tower through which crushed coal and hot gas are counter-currently passed. The tower enables a controlled temperature profile to be maintained in the tower, and contains inner appurtenances which define cascading passageways to promote heat exchange and mixing of the coal with the hot gas. The coal volatiles are carried out of the top of the tower by the gas. The pyrolysis tower may be conjoined with a gasifier so as to most directly utilize the char residuals remaining after pyrolysis of the coal while they are still hot to more efficiently produce a hot synthesis gas, to be used to perform thermal pyrolysis in the tower.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1989Date of Patent: July 23, 1991Inventor: Reginald D. Richardson
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Patent number: 4960439Abstract: An arrangement for the gasification of fuels with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases and steam, includes a shaft-like vessel for receiving solid charging stock. A gas discharge duct is provided on the upper end of the vessel and a primary gas chamber is in connection with the shaft-like vessel on its lower end via a passage. In the primary gas chamber a burner is provided, which includes feedings for oxygen or oxygen-containing gases as well as for fuels. A trough for receiving slag is arranged below. the primary gas chamber and a supporting bottoms is provided between the trough and the shaft-like vessel, reaching into the primary gas chamber, for the formation of a dumping material bed of the solid charging stock facing the burner by one dumping surface. In order to be able to gasify low-quality fuels into a high-quality product gas, the primary gas chamber includes a charging opening for charging a charging stock to be gasified.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1988Date of Patent: October 2, 1990Assignee: Voest-Alpine AktiengesellschaftInventors: Paul Freimann, Gernot Staudinger
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Patent number: 4950308Abstract: The apparatus for producing a product gas from a fine-grained carbon-bearing substance during a high-pressure gasification comprises a vertical gasifier and radiative cooling device, a vertical convective cooling device through which a flow occurs from top to bottom and a connecting pipe between a head of the gasifier and radiative cooling device and a head of the convective cooling device. The gasifier and radiative cooling device comprises a pipe-like shaft, a lower cinder outlet and an upper conical connecting piece for the connecting pipe. The shaft is constructed as an equal speed flow duct, which is not equipped for feeding a foreign cooling means, but is designed so that solidification of the accompanying cinders travelling with the product gas occurs by radiative cooling.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1989Date of Patent: August 21, 1990Assignee: Krupp Koppers GmbHInventors: Michael Lang, Gerhard Wilmer, Michael Kuhn