Abstract: A dual-direction pulley system is disclosed in conjunction with an exercise machine. The pulley system provides resistance to a pivotally mounted actuator lever when the lever is rotated clockwise and when the lever is rotated counterclockwise. In a preferred embodiment the dual-direction pulley system provides resistance for a seated leg curl/extension exercise machine such that a user can perform leg curls and leg extensions from a single seated position.

Abstract: An exercise device having a body extension mechanism including a press plate mechanism and an articulating seat structure. The press plate mechanism is pivotally connected to a frame forwardly of the articulating seat structure, which is also connected with the frame. The press plate mechanism is operably connected with the articulating seat structure by a transfer link so that when a user actuates the press plate mechanism, the movement of a back support of the articulating seat structure is coordinated with the movement of the press plate mechanism. Resistance for the exercise device is provided by a weight stack that is operably connected with the body extension mechanism through an arrangement of pulleys so that when the user actuates the press plate mechanism a portion of the weight stack is lifted.

Abstract: The machine comprises a frame (1) to which means are attached that can be actuated by the limbs to overcome a force generated by resistance components by performing one or more exercises. The machine comprises two workstations having similar and similarly arranged actuating means (15, 20, 21A, 21B, 23, 123), all connected to the same resistance component (13; 113), so as to allow said persons, working together, to combine their respective efforts as they exercise.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus has a support frame and an exercise arm assembly pivotally linked to the support frame for swinging movement in at least one fixed arc about a first pivot axis, the exercise arm assembly including at least one rigid, elongate exercise arm. A flexible handle assembly is secured to the exercise arm, the handle assembly having a hand grip for gripping by a user, and a flexible line secured to the hand grip at one end and adjustably secured to the exercise arm to vary the extension of the line from the exercise arm. Upper body exercises are performed by moving the hand grip portion in different paths as permitted by the flexible line.

Abstract: A cable pull exercise bar consisting of a hammer curl handle pair, each handle among the hammer curl handle pair having a base end and having a pulling end, the handle pair defining a head clearance space which opens at the handles' base ends; a cross beam spanning between and rigidly interconnecting the handles' pulling ends; and a cable pull hook eye fixedly attached to the cross beam.

Abstract: An exercise machine and an associated method of exercising that isolates and exercises the anterior deltoid muscles. The exercise machine provides articulating arm elements that support contact surfaces near the biceps of a person who is exercising. To perform the exercise, a person places his/her biceps against the contact surfaces of the articulating arm elements and attempts to elevate their arms forward about their shoulders. The contact surfaces press against the bicep regions of the person's arms and resist the movement. Since the resistance force is applied directly to the upper arm, the exercise does not involve any muscles in the hand, wrist or lower arm. Nearly all of the action needed to perform the exercise is dedicated to the anterior deltoid muscle group. Thus, the anterior deltoid muscle group is isolated for the exercise routine.

Abstract: A gymnastic apparatus for pectoral muscles is equipped with two push arms (20) fitted to oscillate from initial positions to final positions and normally maintained in initial positions by means of a weight unit (2); a support element (32) for the user's forearm fitted to each push arm (20) to oscillate with respect to the push arm (20) at least during part of the movement of the push arm (20) from initial to final positions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a golf exercise weight machine for anaerobically strengthening the large rotary muscles of the body—including the upper thigh, trunk and abdomen, and shoulders—most used in performing a golf swing. Preferably, the device includes a floor mounted base to which a yoke is rotatably attached to fit around the shoulders and arms of a user, so that during operation the user's body remains oriented in the proper swing position so as to mimic and improve the golf swing by strengthening the appropriate muscles. A weight stack provides variable resistance during the simulated golf swing, and the device offers adjustment over multiple degrees of freedom and it can accommodate both right-and left-handed swings.

Abstract: A handle for an exercise device, the handle attached to an actuating arm of the exercise device and including a connection structure that allows the handle to rotate with respect to the arm, as well as pivot in at least two directions orthogonal to the rotation axis.

Abstract: A weight training device for providing substantially uniform resistance throughout the range of motion of each of a variety of weight lifting exercises. Upstanding front and rear stanchions are attached to front and rear portions of a base, respectively. In a first embodiment, the front stanchion is rigidly attached to the base, the rear stanchion is pivotally attached to the base, and a lever arm assembly is pivotally attached to the front stanchion and includes a dolly cage attached to the rear stanchion that forces the rear stanchion to pivot toward and away from the front stanchion as the assembly is pivoted in a vertical plane by a weight trainee against the resistance of weight suspended from the assembly. In a second embodiment, the front stanchion is mounted for reciprocal, vertical motion on a rod attached to the base.

Abstract: Exercise apparatus has a belt tracking pulley having a hub insert with an eccentric bore therethrough for changing tracking angle. The tracking pulley mounting structure has adjustable eccentricity.

Abstract: An exercise device includes a frame, a press arm pivotally attached to the frame at a main pivot, a pair of press handles extending from the press arm, an adjustment link having a first portion pivotally mounted to the press arm at an adjustment pivot between the main pivot and the press handles, and having a second portion adjustably extensible and retractable from the first portion, a bracket mounted to the second portion of the adjustment link and guided by the frame for movement therealong, and a pulley mounted to the bracket and receiving a cable trained therearound from a source of resistance.

Abstract: A self-spotting system for free weights enables the constructive use of such free weights without the need for a spotter. Using a free weight holder sliding along a rail, an adjacent free weight support provides and determines the lowermost travel of the associated free weight. In alternative embodiments, a parallelogram design for the free weight holder is set forth as well as a handle system which may optionally incorporate free weights and allow the use of the self-spotting system for single weights in conjunction with weights coupled to the handle system by a line or cable. Additionally, weight bar restraining and locking systems are set forth which provide secure means by which weightlifting bars can be secured into place, lowering the risk of slippage, dropping and the associated injury and damage that may occur when weights slip or fall.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus (100) for performing press exercises is disclosed. The exercise apparatus includes a frame (102) and a support assembly (118) adjustably coupled to the frame. A first press arm (108) is coupled to the support assembly and is pivotal about a first pivot axis (140A) between a rest position and an extended position. An adjustment mechanism (152) is coupled to the support assembly and adapted to selectively adjust the support assembly between a first position, wherein when the first press arm is rotated about the first pivot axis a preselected angle, a distal end (304A) of the first press arm scribes a first predetermined path (300A), and a second position, wherein when the first press arm is rotated about the first pivot axis the preselected angle, the distal end scribes a second predetermined path (302A).

Abstract: An exercise machine having infinite range limiting capability comprises: a frame; a pivotable exercise arm mounted to the frame configured to engage an exercising user and moveable along a stroke path having a fully extended position and a fully flexed position; a movement-resisting system for resisting movement of the exercise arm along the stroke path; an interconnecting unit for interconnecting the exercise arm and the movement-resisting unit so that movement of the exercise arm causes a portion of the movement-resisting unit to move in response thereto; and a range-limiting unit for limiting the distance the exercise arm moves along the stroke path during exercise.

Abstract: An isolation exercise machine comprises two force stations and a connection mechanism that causes the force stations to rotate in opposite directions in response to applying forces to the force stations. The forces overcome first loads due to weights placed on exercise arms to which the force stations are joined. The force stations are located relative to a support that enables a person on the support to exercise selected pairs of muscles. A leverage arm is attached to the connection mechanism for rotating with one or the other force station. At the end of a concentric muscle function, a spotter applies a small force to the leverage arm. The applied force is converted by the connection mechanism into second loads at the force stations that the person resists during an eccentric muscle function. A counterweight arm and counterweight may be used to cancel out the weight of the leverage arm.

Abstract: An exercise machine composed of a frame, a first four bar linkage system, a second four bar linkage system, and a means for transferring an incident force from the legs of a user is disclosed. The first four bar linkage system is operably mounted on the frame and operably connects the transferring means to the frame to allow for back and forth movement of the transferring means along a path of travel about an instantaneously changing axis of rotation. The second four bar linkage system operably engages the first four bar linkage system. Either or both of the first four bar linkage system and the second four bar linkage system are operably connected to a resistance means, whereby the second four bar linkage system operates in conjunction with the first four bar linkage system and the resistance means to create a mechanical disadvantage to the user.

Abstract: An exercise machine for exercising muscles in the back of an exerciser, includes: a frame; a seat assembly attached to the frame; a movement arm pivotally attached to the frame and movable along a stroke path between an upper forward position and a lower rearward position; a resistance-imparting unit operatively connected with the movement arm to provide resistance to the movement arm as it moves from the forward position to the rearward position; a pair of handles to be grasped by the exerciser; and a pair of extension members, each of which is attached to a respective handle such that each handle is free to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the extension member. The extension members are attached to the movement arm such that each extension member is free to at least partially rotate relative to the movement arm about vertical, longitudinal and transverse axes.

Abstract: A composite motion exercise machine has a main frame device, a user support device pivotally linked to the main frame, an exercise arm device pivotally linked to the main frame device, a slide rail mounted on a first one of said devices, and a traveling member engaging the slide rail for movement along the rail. A first connecting link has a first end connected to the traveling member, and a second end linked to a fixed position on a second one of said devices. A further connection device links the traveling member to the exercise arm device, such that movement of the exercise arm is transferred to the user support to lift the support and user.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes: a frame configured to rest on an underlying surface; a seat mounted to the frame; a backrest mounted to the frame above the seat, the seat and backrest being configured to receive a seated user; a pair of movement arm units pivotally interconnected with the frame and movable about respective generally parallel first and second axes of rotation; and a resistance system connected with the movement arm units. Each of the movement arms is configured to engage at least one of the elbows, forearms and hands of the user and is movable, within a range of motion plane that is generally normal to the first and second axes of rotation, between an extended position and a flexed position. The range of motion plane forms an angle of between about 30 and 80 degrees with the backrest.

Abstract: A leg press exercise machine comprises: a frame; a seat unit attached to the frame; a press mechanism attached to the frame, the press mechanism including a foot panel and at least one swing link pivotally interconnected with the frame; a resistance-imparting unit operatively connected with the press mechanism; and a resistance coupling mechanism attached to the press mechanism and the resistance-imparting unit. The press mechanism is configured such that the foot panel is movable along a generally longitudinal stroke path between a retracted position and a fully extended position. The resistance-imparting unit provides resistance to the foot panel as it moves from the retracted position to the fully extended position. The resistance coupling mechanism includes a drawing link pivotally interconnected with the swing link and a control link pivotally interconnected with the drawing link and the press mechanism. The control link is further attached to the resistance-imparting unit.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for exercise machines having balancing loads. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a load guide pivotable through at least one plane of freedom, a load slideably engaged with the load guide, a lift arm having a first end coupled to the load guide, and a cable-and-pulley device. The cable-and-pulley device is operatively coupled to the load and to the lift arm so that a training force applied to the lift arm induces a lift force on the load. The exercise machine requires the user to balance the load as the load is raised, providing a more enhanced workout. In alternate embodiments, the load guide may include at least one rocker engageable with the floor surface, or may be pivotably coupled to a support frame (or base) so that the load guide does not contact the floor surface. In another embodiment, the load guide may include a base having a convex surface engageable with the floor surface, the load guide being pivotable in any direction.

Abstract: An exercise arm assembly for mounting on an exercise machine frame has a main arm, a swing arm, and a handle. The main arm has a first end for pivoting on a frame of the machine to pivot about a first pivot axis. The swing arm has a first end pivoted to the second end of the main arm for pivoting about a second pivot axis. The handle is pivoted to the swing arm for pivoting about a third pivot axis, with each pivot axis being perpendicular to the other two pivot axes to form a perpendicular, tri-pivot arm system.

Abstract: An exercise machine making use of the body weight of an exerciser as a load weight thereof comprises a horizontal base, a vertical bar member, an upper rocking bar member, a lower rocking bar member, a connection bar, a seat pad, a back pad, a handle, a pivoting cross member (V bar) and cushioning members. Unlike a conventional exercise machine, the exercise machine is composed of no weights. The vertical tube bar member is affixed to the base. The position of the upper rocking bar member can be adjusted by adjusting the pivoting position of the connection bar via the shuttle and two key pins. The exerciser can use the machine by sifting, kneeling, or standing on the seat pad of the machine for doing the muscle-building exercise.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a bench and board section including a stationary bench having first and second opposite ends, and a board having first and second opposite ends, with the first end of the board pivotally mounted adjacent the second end of the stationary bench, each of the bench and board being formed substantially from a single piece which can selectively support a torso of a person and legs of the person, and a resistance device in contact with the single piece board and which applies a resistance to pivotal movement of the board, while permitting the board to swing up and down against a resistance applied by the resistance device.

Abstract: A device for support and elevation of the lower extremities. More specifically, the invention is a leg elevator that provides calibrated, adjustable support for the upper leg, the lower leg and the foot. The leg elevator is adjustable to many different positions through the use of three independent adjustment mechanisms. The upper leg portion of the leg elevator can be adapted to accommodate people that have upper legs of various lengths. The height of the lower leg portion is also adjustable, and the relative angular position of the upper and lower leg can be varied from a generally flat position, to a substantially bent position. The invention can be used to provide elevation for either leg separately or for both legs simultaneously. The leg elevator is lightweight, easily disinfected, and can be collapsed to a relatively flat position for ease in transport and storage.

Abstract: An improved press arm allows an operator to perform either a traditional straight chest press exercise or to incorporate “butterfly” motion during the performance of the chest press exercise. A main arm is pivotally coupled to the frame of the exercise machine at a main pivot in the same manner as conventional press arms. The main arm includes a cross-beam to which a pair of handle arms are pivotally coupled at secondary pivots. The axes of the secondary pivots are orthogonal to the axis of the main pivot and are inclined with respect to vertical when the press arm is in a rest position. This inclination causes the handle arms to assume a natural rest position under the influence of gravity. The rest positions of the handle arms place the press arm handles at a comfortable starting position for performance of a press exercise. Stops to limit the inward or outward travel of the handle arms are not necessary.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes: a frame resting on an underlying surface; a seat mounted to the frame and configured to receive a seated user; a pair of support pads mounted to the frame forwardly of and above the seat, each of the support pads positioned to engage one of the upper arms and the elbows of the seated user; a pair of movement arm units pivotally interconnected with the frame and movable about respective generally horizontal axes of rotation; and a resistance system connected with the movement arm units. Each of the pair of movement arm units is configured to engage the forearms and/or the hands of the user and is movable between an extended position, in which the seated user's arms are substantially straight, and a curled position, in which the user's arms are bent. The axes of rotation form an angle of between about 115 and 155 degrees.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes: a frame configured to rest on an underlying surface; a seat mounted to the frame and configured to receive a seated user; a pair of support pads mounted to the frame forwardly of and above the seat, each of the support pads being positioned to engage the upper arms and/or elbows of the seated user; a pair of movement arm units pivotally interconnected with the frame and movable about respective generally horizontal axes of rotation; and a resistance system connected with the movement arm units. Each of the pair of movement arm units is configured to engage the forearms and/or the hands of the user and is movable between a retracted position, in which the seated user's arms are bent, and an extended position, in which the user's arms are extended, the axes of rotation forming an angle of between about 115 and 155 degrees.

Abstract: A self-spotting free weight device wherein the free weights are retained by arms which are pivotal in the horizontal plane of the arm and wherein the supporting arms are also pivotally supported from a support structure such that they move in a plane perpendicular to the plane in which the free weights may be moved.

Abstract: The actuator for the exercise machine is mounted to the seat to pivot about a vertically extending axis to permit the user to rotate her/his upper torso and vary the muscle groups being exercised to enhance the beneficial effects. A rotational connection between a shoulder harness element and the actuator arm facilitates this side crunching motion. A second feature which may be used separately or in conjunction with the rotational actuator, is an actuator arm with both a shoulder socket and an elbow joint that pivot, the elbow joint requires additional force to break over. This dual-pivot actuator arm permits the user to perform abdominal crunches with a predetermined resistance.

Abstract: A passive repeating plyometric muscle strengthening method and an apparatus for the method, wherein, the amplitude and frequency of up and down moving of the pedal can be adjusted, a trainee is continuously born with a load for exercising in a passive mode to do a plyometric and eccentric contraction muscle training in a short time with a large amount of acting units. Combination of the eccentric contraction and the concentric contraction for muscle training can enhance muscle strength and power, and danger resided in pure muscle training with eccentric contraction can be reduced thereby, a larger effect of muscle training can be obtained to meet the requirement of high acting-speed movements in practical competitions. The method can excite large amount of acting units of a human body in a very short moment. The elastic components in the muscle organization are sufficiently used to make muscle contraction able to generate larger strength and power. The effect of increasing the power is evident.

Abstract: An exercise machine comprises: a mounting frame (1); at least two user positions (18, 181, 205); power transmission means (2) designed to connect corresponding machine actuators (3) in such a way that the power applied by the users to the actuators (3) and transmitted by the transmission means (2) reciprocally and alternately produces an active force and a resistant force.

Abstract: A rowing weight training machine includes: a frame; a seat assembly attached to the frame; a movement arm pivotally attached to the frame and movable along a generally longitudinal stroke path between a forward position and a rearward position; a resistance-imparting unit operatively connected with the movement arm to provide resistance to the movement arm as it moves from the forward position to the rearward position; a pair of handles to be grasped by an exerciser; and a pair of extension members, each of which is attached to a respective handle such that each handle is free to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the extension member. The extension members are attached to the movement arm (preferably via a universal ball joint) such that each extension member is free to at least partially rotate relative to the movement arm about vertical, longitudinal and transverse axes.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes at least one body-building structure, and at least one damping structure serving to bring about a damping effect. The body-building structure is provided with an actuating pulley serving to actuate one or more weighted pulleys of the damping structure in conjunction with a cable. The actuating pulley adds a buffer to the damping effect, thereby preventing a sharp impact from inflicting an injury on a body part of an exerciser.

Abstract: An exercise with traction device comprising a frame holding a seat above the floor that has a resistance loaded backrest for the purpose of rehabilitating atrophied spinal support muscle through progressive resistance exercise while the spine is under pain alleviating traction. The backrest is resistance loaded for both traction, and extension resistance or flexion resistance. This makes needed exercise for those who are hindered from such therapy by spinal compressive related pain. The exercise resistance is transmitted to the patient via a horizontal axis backrest, and can be weighted either positively for back resistance, or negatively for abdominal resistance, at the same time traction is applied from the backrest suspension system applying resistance to the user attached to it in the direction that decompresses the spine.

Abstract: An exercise machine has a motion arm with a handle between waist and chest height used by an exerciser in a standing position. Pushing the motion arm and leaning forward in a straight body position stretches the abs. Pulling the motion arm and leaning back to the straight standing position contracts the abs. A base may have a foot platform. The motion arm is connected to a lower or upper motion arm support by a pivot, roller or slider. Stretch cords or weights with lines, such as cables or belts, and pulleys attached to the motion arm assist or resist the movements. A chest support may also be used movably connected to the motion arm. Rollers may be used under a motion arm support.

Abstract: An exerciser includes a base, a post extending upright from the base, a lever pivoted to and extending transversely from the post, a resistance providing member interconnecting the base and the lever, an upper pulley mounted rotatably on a free end of the lever, a lower pulley mounted rotatably on the base, and a string fixed to the base, extending upwardly from the base and over the upper pulley, and downwardly from the upper pulley and over the lower pulley so as to permit rotation of the lever when the string is pulled away from the lower pulley.

Abstract: An exercise machine, components of an exercise machine, methods of operating an exercise machine, and methods related to building an exercise machine that allow for the performance of multiple different upper torso strength exercises, where the range of motion of a user utilizing the machine during the performance of an exercise is confined in the performance of a particular upper torso press exercise, but is altered to a different range of motion, and confined to that new range of motion, when the machine is configured to perform a new exercise.

Abstract: Principles of exercise machine construction, an exercise machine, components of an exercise machine, and methods related to exercising on or constructing an exercise machine that allows for the performance of multiple different exercises, where the user utilizes related arcs of an arm with a fixed path of motion for the different exercises. Generally the arcs will be utilized for both pull-type exercises and push-type exercises and/or for diverging and converging exercises.

Abstract: A weight training machine includes a main frame, a lever carriage mechanism, an adjustment linkage and a stop mechanism. A lever carriage mechanism is pivotally connected to the main frame. The lever carriage mechanism includes a weight carrying portion adapted to carry at least one weight. An input mechanism is connected to the lever carriage mechanism. The adjustment linkage is connected between the lever carriage mechanism and the main frame and is configured to selectively adjust an arc of rotation of the weight carrying portion of the lever carriage mechanism about the main frame such that the weight carrying portion may selectively traverse each of a plurality of predefined strength curves in response to movement of the input mechanism by a user.

Abstract: A training method and apparatus for athletes that separates running into vertical and horizontal components. The athlete is positioned on a horizontal component training device in an upright position. The athlete contacts the horizontal component training device at a leg pad, a mid-torso location, and an upper torso location. The athlete sequentially trains for acceleration at least the hip flexor and the hip extensor muscles of each leg supramaximally against the leg pad through a sports specific motion. The athlete also sequentially trains the stretch-shortening cycle of at least the hip flexor and the hip extensor muscles of each leg supramaximally against the leg pad through a sports specific motion to train the stretch shortening component of hip flexion and hip extension. Training for acceleration is preferably against hydraulic resistance and training the stretch-shortening cycle is preferably against isotonic resistance.

Abstract: A system for detecting a screening-test error includes a measurement device that measures at least one performance parameter related to at least one screening-test task and a computational device, in communication with the measurement device. The computational device receives the at least one measured performance parameter, calculates at least one performance statistical quantity characterizing the measured performance parameter, and compares the at least one performance statistical quantity to at least one reference statistical quantity associated with an error-free screening test. In accordance with a related embodiment, the system may further include a display device that displays the extent to which the at least one performance statistical quantity differs from the at least one reference statistical quantity.

Abstract: An exercise machine has a frame, a seat and a pair of articulated exercise arm assemblies. Each of the exercise arm assemblies is pivotally attached to the frame with a four bar linkage. Handles at the outer extremities of the articulated arm assemblies are gripped by the user to perform the intended exercise. The geometry of the arms and their pivot points is arranged so that the handles of the articulated assemblies follow arcuate paths which converge as the handles are moved forwardly. At a starting position for a press exercise, the handles are approximately in line with the shoulders of the user. As the handles are pushed forwardly against an exercise resistance, they converge inwardly until they are nearly touching when the user's arms are fully outstretched. The machine may also be used to perform a seated-row exercise, in which case the handles are pulled rearwardly against the exercise resistance.

Abstract: A portable quadriceps exercise device includes at least one static arm; a pair of knee support pads connected to opposite respective sides of the at least one static arm; a foundation arm having a first end pivotally connected to a first end of the at least one static arm; and a stabilization arm having a first end pivotally connected to a second end of the at least one static arm. A handle is connected to the second end of the stabilization arm so that a user may grasp the handle to maintain stability of the device during use. The device may also include a pivot arm having a first end of the pivot arm being pivotally connected to the second end of the at least one static arm; a pair of ankle pads connected to opposite respective sides of the pivot arm adjacent the second end thereof; and at least one resistance element operatively connected between the at least one static arm and the pivot arm.

Abstract: An exercise machine for exercising muscles in the back of an exerciser, includes: a frame; a seat assembly attached to the frame; a movement arm pivotally attached to the frame and movable along a stroke path between an upper forward position and a lower rearward position; a resistance-imparting unit operatively connected with the movement arm to provide resistance to the movement arm as it moves from the forward position to the rearward position; a pair of handles to be grasped by the exerciser; and a pair of extension members, each of which is attached to a respective handle such that each handle is free to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the extension member. The extension members are attached to the movement arm such that each extension member is free to at least partially rotate relative to the movement arm about vertical, longitudinal and transverse axes.

Abstract: A multimode exerciser for muscles and muscle-groups stretch exercises has three horizontal platforms disposed along a horizontal rigid frame or bar elevated above ground. One platform near one end of the frame serves as a seat, while another platform near the foot-end services as a foot/ankle rest. An intermediate platform serves also as a foot rest for certain, different, exercises other than those using the foot-end rest.

Abstract: A dual-direction pulley system is disclosed in conjunction with an exercise machine. The pulley system provides resistance to a pivotally mounted actuator lever when the lever is rotated clockwise and when the lever is rotated counterclockwise. In a preferred embodiment the dual-direction pulley system provides resistance for a seated leg curl/extension exercise machine such that a user can perform leg curls and leg extensions from a single seated position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a golf exercise weight machine for anaerobically strengthening the large rotary muscles of the body—including the upper thigh, trunk and abdomen, and shoulders—most used in performing a golf swing. Preferably, the device includes a floor mounted base to which a yoke is rotatably attached to fit around the shoulders and arms of a user, so that during operation the user's body remains oriented in the proper swing position so as to mimic and improve the golf swing by strengthening the appropriate muscles. A weight stack provides variable resistance during the simulated golf swing, and the device offers adjustment over multiple degrees of freedom and it can accommodate both right-and left-handed swings.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes a primary resistance unit and a secondary resistance unit offering two resisted planes of movement, with the two resistance units being adjustably independently of one another.