Abstract: A method and apparatus for regulating the temperature in end areas of a roll mantle of a variable-crown roll provided with glide bearings and/or for compensating for an error in the diameter of the roll arising from thermal expansion. The roll mantle of the roll is supported adjustably on the roll axle by hydraulic loading elements loaded by a pressure medium and acting upon the inner face of the roll mantle at least in the direction of the nip plane. Further, the roll mantle is supported on the roll axle by hydraulic glide-bearing elements loaded by a pressure medium and arranged in the areas of the ends of the roll mantle. A fluid is supplied into the end areas of the roll and has a regulated temperature and/or flow so that it is possible to keep the temperature in the end areas of the roll mantle at a desired level, for example, substantially at the same level as the temperature in the middle area of the roll.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for supporting a roll mantle of a roll for a paper machine or equivalent in a lateral direction, in particular in the direction transverse to a principal loading direction, such as the nip plane. The roll mantle is rotatingly supported on a stationary roll axle, e.g., by support and loading members, and is displaceable in relation to the axle substantially in the principal loading direction. The roll mantle is also supported on the roll axle radially by glide bearing elements acting in opposite radial directions so that, when the roll mantle is displaced in the principal loading direction, the movement of the roll mantle is guided to take place along a predetermined path.

Abstract: A drive mechanism of a suction or deflection adjustment roll having a spur wheel gear. For a suction roll, a stationary suction box may be guided outward through the drive mechanism to be coupled with a suction device. An external gear ring may be rigidly coupled to a driven or gear end of the roll to mesh with a driven pinion. The driven pinion may be driven via a drive shaft coupled to the driven pinion through a pair of enmeshed gears. The driven pinion and an end of the drive shaft coupled to the pinion may each include a self-adjusting bearing, each self-adjusting bearing being adjacently positioned and supported on a bearing journal. The self-adjusting bearing associated with the end of the drive shaft may exhibit radial play with respect to one of an inside diameter of the drive shaft or an outside diameter of the bearing journal, which may permit tilting of the pinion with respect to the bearing journal.

Abstract: A press roll for treating a material web in a nip formed with an opposing surface is provided. A press shoe extends along the nip and guides a press jacket. Several adjacent force elements disposed along the direction of the roll axis are supported on a stationary carrier. The force elements are preferably each fluid-actuated cylinder/piston units which can bias the press shoe with their movable pistons. The piston of at least one force element and/or an opposing region of the press shoe concentrate support forces in piston edge regions that are disposed opposite one another on different ends of a central piston plane perpendicular to the roll axis.

Abstract: Deflection adjustment roll that includes a rotating roll jacket, a support member axially extending through the roll jacket, a plurality of at least one of hydrostatic and hydrodynamic support elements located next to one another with a predetermined spacing in an axial direction of the roll jacket to support the roll jacket on the support member, and a fluid removal device that removes operating fluid collected on an inner surface of the roll jacket during operation and that forms a fluid ring that circulates around the plurality support elements on the inner surface of the roll jacket. The fluid removal device may include a plurality of fluid stripping elements formed on the plurality of support elements that laterally protrude from each support element in a direction of a neighboring support element to strip the fluid circulating around the plurality of support elements from the roll jacket in the flow channels formed between the support elements.

Abstract: A roll for a rolling mechanism includes a carrier and a roll jacket surrounding the latter which is rotatably journalled on the carrier by bearings arranged at a distance from another. Hydrostatic and/or hydrodynamic support elements are provided between the bearing by which the roll jacket is additionally supported on the carrier.

Abstract: An anti-deflection roll including a rotating roll sleeve, a support member or yoke that extends along the axis of the roll sleeve or jacket, and a plurality of hydrostatic and/or hydrodynamic support units, partially positioned within the support member and arranged in a predetermined spaced relation to each other, to support the roll sleeve in an axial direction. Between an inner surface of the roll sleeve and a support surface of each support unit an intermediate fluid coating layer may be formed.

Abstract: A roll including a flexible roll covering, the roll covering being rotatably arranged about a carrier and journalled on the carrier via a plurality of at least one of hydrodynamically and hydrostatically lubricated support elements, wherein support areas of at least axially adjacent support elements are closely adjacently adjoined and wherein lateral boundaries of the support areas of the axially adjacent support elements overlap with reference to a circumferential direction of the roll, with the support of the roll covering being evened out without resulting in the jamming or canting of the support elements, this being accomplished in that the support areas of the support elements are symmetrically formed transverse or cross-wise relative to the roll axis of the roll.

Abstract: A press roller having a stationary carrier and a roll jacket which rotates past the support surface of the stationary carrier. A support element on the carrier, like a shoe, is pressed against the inside circumferential surface of the roll jacket by a pressure space that is beneath and acts upon the support element to press it toward the roller jacket. The support surface is at least partially hydrodynamically lubricated at the support surface of the support element. The support surface has at least one row and perhaps a plurality of rows that extend in the direction of the press roller axis comprised of a plurality of oil feed points which are separated from one another along the roller axis. The oil feed points are supplied at least partially independently of the pressure space. Each oil feed point comprises a throttling bore. One or more distribution channels in the support element deliver oil to the bores or to groups of the bores.

Abstract: A deflection controllable roller has as an on-off valve disposed in each of a plurality of discharge lines. The on-off valve opens only toward the discharge side. The discharge side of the on-off valve is alternately pressurized with an opening pressure that is less than an internal chamber pressure or with a cut-off pressure that is greater than the internal chamber pressure. The on-off valves are located directly in the bearing device and are, therefore, relatively easily controlled.

Abstract: A roll includes a stationary carrier, a roll jacket, in particular a resilient roll jacket, on the carrier and at least one support element with an associated contact pressure piston, which is supported on the carrier in the region of a pressing zone defined between the roll jacket and a counter surface, while forming a fluid cushion between the support element and the roll jacket. In this arrangement the support element is provided with a pressing section facing the roll jacket, which is bounded in the circumferential direction of the roll by outer edges which are substantially straight and extend parallel to the roll axis, with the width of the pressing section measured between the outer edges being smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the contact pressure piston.

Abstract: The roller is provided for pressure treatment of a strip of paper, textile, plastic film, sheet metal or similar material. It includes a hollow roller made of a fiber-reinforced synthetic resin material, and a cross-beam which passes through the hollow roller lengthwise. The cross-beam is mounted at its ends, in external supports, so as not to rotate. Hydrostatic support elements are arranged on the cross-beam on the side on which pressure is exerted. The elements can be pressed against the inside circumference of the hollow roller by means of a hydraulic fluid. The support elements have a length not exceeding 20 cm in the longitudinal direction of the hollow roller, follow each other closely in the longitudinal direction of the cross-beam, and can all be controlled independently of one another.

Abstract: A roll, as in a paper making machine press section, with vibration damping, wherein the roll includes a stationary central shaft, a rotatable annular, roll shell, a plurality of hydraulic pressure chambers each with a shoe hydraulically supported therein and pressed against the interior of the annular roll shell, wherein the roll shell is subject to vibration, which vibrates the support elements. A hydraulic pressure liquid feed channel extends through the stationary shaft and communicates with each pressure chamber. A respective throttle in the form of a channel either between the feed channel and each of the pressure chambers, or one throttle channel communicating with several of the pressure chambers or a throttle channel communicating into the feed channel from the source of pressure fluid. The cross section of flow through the throttle channel is selected according to a formula, typically wherein the product d.sup.2 .times.n.sup.-1 is between 6 mm.sup.2 and 90 mm.sup.

Abstract: A controlled crown roll utilizes a crown support piston with a glide shoe with a cavity in the face of the glide shoe centered under the nip loading line. The cavity is surrounded by a land area, the majority of which is located away from the nip load. Use of a low viscosity hydraulic fluid, for example, 15.6 cP, with a hydraulic film thickness of 0.002 inches, results in significantly lower friction between the glide shoe and the interior surface of the rotating mantle. Recesses in the piston sides form hydrostatic thrust bearings which perform the centering function for the piston and the glide shoe.

Abstract: An adjustable deflection roll includes a fixed support having a center axial bore. A roll is rotatably mounted about the fixed support. The roll sleeve is supported on support elements. The support elements are actuated by a pressure fluid. The support elements form a plurality of pressure zones. Each of the pressure zones are independently fed with pressure fluid at an independent predetermined pressure by feeder tubes which are disposed in the center axial bore of the fixed support. The feeder tubes are connected to supply lines at one axial end of the fixed support. A plurality of divider walls are disposed in the bore to separate the sections of the bore into the plurality of pressure zones. At least one of the plurality of feeder tubes has an opening in each of the plurality of zones. Each of the plurality of divider walls is formed by at least two disks, which are axially spaced apart at a predetermined distance from each other. The plurality of feeder tubes pass through the at least two disks.

Abstract: A pressure roll having a fixed carrier and a rotating elastically deformable roll jacket that cooperates with a counter-roll and that is supported on the carrier via a hydrostatic support arrangement. The roll jacket has an inner surface that is movably guided in the peripheral direction over a concave support surface. The roll jacket is executed with a wall that is flexible in the radial direction and can conform to the counter-roll over a pressure zone whose width dimension in the peripheral direction is adjustable within a range of at least 8 mm to circa 40 mm. Furthermore, the roll jacket consists at least partially of an electrically conductive material in order to prevent an uncontrolled electrostatic charging of the jacket surface.

Abstract: A hydrostatic self-loading controlled deflection roll has a central, hydraulically operated shoe which extends substantially the entire cross-machine width of the rotating roll shell, and two outboard shoes disposed, in the cross-machine direction, outside of the nip loading zone. The use of the outboard shoes permits the use of a single, full-length nip shoe within the nip loading zone, which simplifies control and provides for more uniform temperature distribution. The outboard shoes also provide better crown control. The outboard shoes are preferably disposed within a head flange area of the roll, at the location where spherical bearings would normally be present in a conventional roll. A bearing ring is disposed axially outside of the head flange and around a portion of a bearing box at either end of the roll for rotatably supporting the roll shell about bearings in the bearing box.

Abstract: A controlled deflection roll for forming a press with an opposed roll including an elongate tubular roll shell, an elongate support shaft extending longitudinally through the roll shell, and a fluid operated controllable load support means between the shaft and the shell, such as a piston with an open pressure hydrostatic oil interface facing the shell. The roll shell is constructed of a fabricated fiber reinforced matrix, and is comprised of a plurality of annular layers of fiber and matrix composite, so that the shell is of relatively light weight and has a reduced cross-machine bending stiffness.

Abstract: A method for regulating the loading of adjustable-crown roll having a stationary roll axle around which a roll mantle is rotatingly mounted, and of which roll a nip is formed with a backup roll. The deflection of the roll mantle and/or the linear load in the nip is regulated by loading elements and a backup zone supported on the roll axle and acting upon the inner face of the roll mantle in the direction of the nip plane. Upon the inner face of the roll mantle of the roll of the backup zone/zones, a sum force is produced which acts in the nip plane in a direction substantially opposite to the force produced by the loading element, and the force effect applied by the backup zone/zones to the inner face of the roll mantle is applied, examined in the direction of the circumference, to more than one point.

Abstract: A calender includes at least one roller stack. The upper roller and lower roller of the roller stacks are deflection compensation rollers. The upper roller and/or the lower roller have an outer covering made of a flexible plastic and is designed to bend easily. The roller adjacent to the upper and lower roller is a hard roller.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting a roll mantle of a roll for a paper machine or equivalent in a lateral direction, in particular in the direction transverse to a principal loading direction, such as the nip plane. The roll mantle is rotatingly supported on a stationary roll axle, e.g., by support and loading members, and is displaceable in relation to the axle substantially in the principal loading direction. The roll mantle is also supported on the roll axle radially by glide bearing elements acting in opposite radial directions so that, when the roll mantle is displaced in the principal loading direction, the movement of the roll mantle is guided to take place along a predetermined path.

Abstract: A roll with vibration damping, particularly useful for the manufacture or treatment of fiber webs, such as paper or cardboard. The roll has a central shaft with a central feed channel for pressurized liquid and a roll shell rotatable around the stationary central shaft. A plurality of radially extending cylinders in the shaft communicate with the feed channel. A respective piston in each cylinder holds a radially outward shoe pressed in sliding engagement against the interior of the roll shell. One of several types of elastically yieldable elements is disposed in the central shaft and communicates with the feed channel for maintaining the pressure of the liquid in the feed channel upon the roll vibrating. The elastically yieldable elements include any of a spring supported piston, an elastic membrane, a closed end pipe with thin walls or a pair of separated membranes held together by a tie bar so that both membranes are pulled to apply pressure to the liquid.

Abstract: In a "floating" roller with a fixed cross-beam and a rotating hollow roller, semicylindrical longitudinal chambers are separated and divided off by longitudinal seals and end cross-seals in the space between the crosshead and the hollow roller. At least the longitudinal chamber on the roller nip side can be filled with a compressed gas. The longitudinal seals and the end cross-seals are doubled and are made of closely juxtaposed pairs of sealing strips or. Into the spaces between the sealing strips can be introduced a sealing liquid which seals the longitudinal chambers. Sealing liquid which has penetrated into the longitudinal chambers is continuously removed.

Abstract: A roll arrangement with a rotatable roll jacket, in particular an elastic roll jacket, a rotationally fixed carrier, and at least one support arrangement disposed between the roll jacket and the carrier, with the support arrangement having a foot associated with the carrier and a sliding shoe supported on the foot and movable radially relative to the roll jacket, with the sliding shoe having a support surface associated with the roll jacket which, in operation, always ensures good contact of the support surface of the sliding shoe against the roll jacket to be supported in that the foot is displaceably supported on the carrier and the support arrangement is made of at least two-part design and contains a tilting support which permits tilting of the sliding shoe relative to the carrier.

Abstract: A method for fitting a roll mantle of a tubular roll used in a paper machine or equivalent with glide bearings and a tubular roll. The roll mantle is supported on a stationary roll axle by hydraulic glide bearing elements acting upon the roll mantle and/or upon the roll ends. The bearing elements are loaded hydraulically by the pressure of a first pressure medium. The roll is loaded from outside radially in the direction of at least one plane, i.e. in a so-called principal loading direction. The roll mantle is supported on the roll axle by the glide bearing elements which act radially substantially in the principal loading direction in opposite directions and which are provided with a device for regulating the braking pressure provided by a second pressure medium, so that in the principal loading direction, the roll mantle is allowed to move over a certain distance.

Abstract: A deflection-controllable roll for a calender has an inner support element and an outer support element. Each of the two support elements has a pressure portion and a piston. The pressure portions have support areas with inner and outer pockets. The pistons have pressure areas which delimit an inner pressure chamber and an outer pressure chamber, both of which are connected on one side with the associated pocket by a feed line equipped with a throttle, and on the other side, by a feed line in the carrier. In this way, the deflection-controllable roll is capable of operating in a wide range of line loads, using the available pressures.

Abstract: Device for handling a fiber web. The invention pertains to a device for the treatment of a fiber web, the device having an elongated press gap, wherein at least one press area is formed of a band which is pressure-impacted by at least one piston-cylinder unit, via a hydraulic contact pressure apparatus consisting of at least one support element, with a ready supply of fluid under pressure being assured for the bearing pockets of the support element in that one of the elements of the piston-cylinder unit is fixedly connected with a support portion, with the support element, together with the other one of the elements of the piston-cylinder unit being movably retained in the press direction and in the web moving direction on the one of the elements and wherein the support element is braced via a stop attached to the support portion.

Abstract: Deflection controlled roll. A deflection controlled roll is comprised of a fixed carrier and a roll jacket rotatable about the carrier, with the roll jacket being supported on the carrier via several support elements, wherein each of the support elements has at least one cylinder-piston device, for the formation of a contact force, and a bearing shoe with a separate lubricating fluid supply and wherein the fluid supply of pressure chambers of the cylinder-piston devices is accomplished at least in separate groups, via pressure conduits, with the deflection controlled roll, even though being supported via large number of support elements, being produced in a vibration damping-manner in a simple construction, wherein the pressure conduits have substantially the same length and/or the same volume capacity for the pressure fluid.

Abstract: A shoe press roll for a press device for a paper machine. The roll includes a stationary support. A press shoe supported on the support in a radially displaceable manner. A plurality of hydraulic elements in the support and arrayed along the length of the press shoe across the width of the web to urge the press shoe against the backing roll. A plurality of return springs connected between the support and the leading and trailing sides of the press shoe, the springs being located outside the hydraulic elements at the press shoe. The return springs are compression springs fastened by struts on the lateral sides of the press shoe which involves a simple mounting for enabling separable attachment of the tie rods of the spring and the lateral sides of the press shoe.

Abstract: A deflection adjusted roll includes a plurality of hydraulic support elements for a roll jacket, wherein the support elements are provided with a hydraulic pressure medium via a bore axially extending in common with the carrier as well as via further radial bores discharging into the axially extending bore, with the radial bores being in communication with the support elements and separate pressure control of the pressure medium for each support element being achieved in that each one of the radially extending bores is associated with a controllable throttling element, with the throttling element being slidably disposed within the axially extending bore and so shaped and pressed against the inside surface of the axial bore that at least one connecting gap is provided or available between the axial bore and the radial bores, whereby the through-flow quantity of the hydraulic pressure medium is controllable via the cross section of the connecting gap.

Abstract: A calender for webs of paper includes a hard roller having a smooth outer surface. A soft roller is disposed adjacent to the hard roller and forms a roll gap therebetween. The soft roller has a coating made of flexible plastic. The coating includes an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer is made of a first plastic material and the outer layer is made of a second plastic material. The outer layer has lesser flexibility and greater hardness than the inner layer. The outer layer has an outer surface having wear properties such that under normal operating conditions the average roughness R.sub.a does not exceed 0.5 .mu.m.

Abstract: A pressing roll for the production or treatment of web or band shaped materials, particularly fiber webs or bands, with the roll jacket of the pressing roll being rotatably arranged about a carrier and journalled via a pressing device, with the pressing device having at least one support element that includes at least one supporting pressing element acting in the direction of a pressing area and being supported on the carrier, with the at least one support element being displaceable in the circumferential direction as well as being radially movable relative to the pressing element and which, in the circumferential direction, is supported on a spacer on a limit stop, attached to the carrier, via at least one spacer, the spacer permitting a radial movement relative to the limit stop in the transition between an unloaded and a loaded condition of the support element at a substantially fixed support point of the spacer at the limit stop or at the support element, with a low friction support, in the circumferentia

Abstract: Deflection adjusting roll. A deflection adjusting roll includes a plurality of hydraulic support elements for a roll jacket, wherein the support elements are provided with hydraulic pressure medium via a bore axially extending in common with the carrier as well as via further radial bores discharging into the axially extending bore with the radial bores being in communication with the support elements and separate pressure control of the pressure medium for each support element is achieved in that each one of the radially extending bores is associated with a controllable sealing and throttling element, with the sealing and throttling element being slidably disposed within the axially extending bore and so shaped and pressed against the inside surface of the axial bore that at least one connecting channel is provided between the axial bore and the radial bore, whereby the flow-through quantity of the hydraulic pressure medium is controllable via the cross section of the connecting channel.

Abstract: The invention provides a roll for a papermaking machine, comprising at least one strip element which extends substantially in the axial direction of the roll and which is supported, substantially against radial forces, by a plurality of supporting elements. The supporting elements comprise adjusting means by means of which a predetermined profile of the bending curve of the strip element can be adjusted in response to a given outer load. When the roll is configured as a shoe press roll, then the strip element may also be directly coupled with the press shoe. It is possible in this way, in the case of shoe press rolls, to ensure safe development of a hydrodynamic lubricating wedge and, in the case of other rolls, to adjust a desired profile of the bending curve of the strip element, under a given outer load.

Abstract: A roll whose bend can be controlled has support elements which are designed as ring elements with an annular pocket and an annular pressure surface. The interior space enclosed by the ring element is connected to an outlet line having an adjustable throttle element. By appropriately adjusting the throttle element, any arbitrary intermediate pressure can be maintained in the interior space. Therefore, a wide adjustment rage for the support force is possible, and needs only a feed line for the pressure medium and an outlet line. In this way, relatively large and relatively small path loads can be processed in the roll gap without a major structural change.

Abstract: An oil feed system for a variable-crown roll which includes a stationary roll axle, a roll mantle arranged revolvingly on the roll axle and hydraulic loading elements acting upon an inner face of the roll mantle in a radial direction and supporting the roll mantle on the roll axle. The loading elements function to regulate the axial profile of the roll mantle. In the roll axle, an axial through hole is formed which communicates with cylinder bores in which the hydraulic loading elements are arranged through substantially radial bores or equivalent ducts. In the axial through hole, at least through one of the roll ends, oil feed pipes are installed and through which pipes, a pressure fluid is fed to the hydraulic loading elements. Into the axial through hole in the roll axle, at the location of the loading elements, an intermediate flange is installed, which operates as a distributor piece and is connected with the loading element.

Abstract: A method for providing a tubular roll mantle of a roll for a paper machine or equivalent with glide bearings and a roll including glide-bearings. The roll mantle is supported on a stationary roll axle by hydraulic glide-bearing members acting upon the roll mantle or upon the roll ends. The bearing members are loaded hydraulically by a pressure medium. The roll mantle is supported on the roll axle by at least one pair of glide-bearing members which acting radially and/or axially in opposite directions. When an outside force that shifts or attempts to shift the roll mantle in the direction transverse to the main loading direction and/or in the axial direction is applied to the roll mantle, the pressure in the glide-bearing member placed at the side of the higher loading is adjusted to a level higher than the pressure in the glide-bearing member acting in the opposite direction so that the outside forces are neutralized.

Abstract: A hydraulic crown support system employs a stationary cross head mounted within a cylinder or beneath an extended nip shoe. Individual hydraulic pistons are disposed along the stationary cross head, which, under the force of hydraulic pressure, support the inner wall of a roll or an extended nip shoe. The displacement of the support cylinders is controlled through one or more adjustable ports formed in the sidewall of the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders which support the roll or extended nip shoe. With a piston which extends from one end of the stationary cross head to the other, some tilting from one side to the other of the cross head can be achieved by the adjustment of the pressure ports, thus compensating for misalignment in the vertical direction between an extended nip or crown-controlled roll.

Abstract: A machine for the manufacture of chipboards or fibreboards comprises a pressure drum (1) and an endless steel belt (2) which wraps the pressure drum (1) around part of its periphery and forms there a compacting line (P) in which is for a sufficiently long time compacted and cured, by the action of pressure and temperature, material which is brought into it and which comprises lignocellulose or cellulose, is reduced to chips or fibres and is provided with an adhesive curable by heat. The compacting pressure and the heating are produced by extensive pressure shoes (10, 13, 14, 15) comprising a hydrostatic bearing pocket (11) supplied with hot pressurised oil. The pressure drum (1) is provided with a non-rotatable carrier (19) and a jacket (20) which is rotatable about it and is supported by supporting elements (21) supplied with hot pressurised oil, so that the jacket (20) is simultaneously heated and adjustable pressure forces without bearing loading are produced, while a uniform smooth gap is obtained.

Abstract: A method for providing a tubular roll mantle of a roll for a paper machine or equivalent with glide bearings and a roll including glide-bearings. The roll mantle is supported on a stationary roll axle by hydraulic glide-bearing members acting upon the roll mantle or upon the roll ends. The bearing members are loaded hydraulically by a pressure medium. The roll mantle is supported on the roll axle by at least one pair of glide-bearing members which acting radially and/or axially in opposite directions. When an outside force that shifts or attempts to shift the roll mantle in the direction transverse to the main loading direction and/or in the axial direction is applied to the roll mantle, the pressure in the glide-bearing member placed at the side of the higher loading is adjusted to a level higher than the pressure in the glide-bearing member acting in the opposite direction so that the outside forces are neutralized.

Abstract: The invention concerns an adjustable-crown roll having a stationary roll axle which is supported on the machine frame by means of articulated bearings, and a roll mantle which is arranged to revolve on the axle. Hydrostatic loading members or an equivalent pressure fluid chamber or series of chambers are arranged in the space between the axle and the roll mantle. By means of the loading members or equivalent, the profile of a nip formed with a counter-roll of the roll is regulated. A support bushing arranged concentrically with the roll mantle is attached to one end of the roll mantle and revolves along with the roll mantle. A bearing is installed on the support bushing. The bearing receives axial forces from the roll mantle and transfers the same to the machine frame through the non-revolving bearing block or housing of the bearing. The bearing is arranged, in the axial direction, outside the roll, whereby the roll is suitable for use as a hot roll.

Abstract: A roll for the preparation or treatment of fiber webs includes a fixed central axis, a roll shell adapted to rotate around the fixed axis and a first chamber disposed between the central axis and the rotatable roll shell. The first chamber is filled with liquid which can transfer a hydraulic supporting force from the central axis to the roll shell. The roll includes a second chamber that is partially filled with air and partially filled with a liquid. Several narrow capillary lines connect the first and second chambers. The capillary characteristic (K) of the capillary lines ranges between about 2.5.times.10.sup.7 m.sup.-2 and about 2.5.times.10.sup.8 m.sup.2.

Abstract: A rotatably supported roll (1), which is adapted to form a nip with a second roll, so as to advance therebetween a web of material. The load in the nip between the rolls can be controlled by an adjustable camber. To this end, an interior hollow space (13) is provided in the roll (1), which is filled with an incompressible pressure medium, and put under a controlled pressure, so as to cause the roll jacket (10/12) to bulge radially outwardly. This bulging can be significantly supported and influenced by a predetermined progression of the wall thickness of the jacket (10/12) in the axial direction of the roll.

Abstract: A self-loading controlled deflection roll has movable shoes disposed inside the roll shell, at the opposite ends and at the center of a central shaft, for displacing the external surface of the roll shell toward and away from a mating roll forming a nip with the controlled deflection roll. In order to ensure that both ends of the controlled deflection roll shell move evenly in a radial direction into nipping engagement with the mating roll, and to also ensure that the ends retract evenly away from nip engagement, a control system and method are provided for automatically adjusting the flow of hydraulic fluid, such as oil, which is used to displace the shoes at the opposite end of the central shaft.

Abstract: A roll includes a roll jacket (1) which is rotatably journalled on a stationary carrier (2), with an at least approximately stationary active element (3) being arranged between the roll jacket (1) and the carrier (2), and with the space (4) between the carrier (2) and the roll jacket (1) being at least partially filled with a liquid. Such rolls are in particular used in the manufacture or treatment of material webs. In order to reduce the undesired turbulence losses passages are provided which extend through the active elements (3) approximately in the circumferential direction of the roll.

Abstract: A working roller for applying pressure to a web of material interposed between the working roller and an opposing working surface includes a generally tubular roll-shell with bearings at each end thereof, a pair of stationary journals for supporting the roll-shell for rotation about its longitudinal axis, a stationary internal support structure, and a plurality of internal rollers which bear upon the inner wall of the roll-shell and are mounted to the internal support structure by a plurality of individually adjustable thrust-supports for controlling the outer contours of the roll-shell. The invention allows greater control of the outer contours of the roll-shell to compensate for localized, longitudinally asymmetrical deviations from the desired pressure distribution or spacing between the working roller and an opposing working surface or to permit predetermined, non-uniform pressure distributions or spacings between the working roller and an opposing working surface.

Abstract: A hydraulic crown support system employs a stationary cross head mounted within a cylinder or beneath an extended nip shoe. Individual hydraulic pistons are disposed along the stationary cross head, which, under the force of hydraulic pressure, support the inner wall of a roll or an extended nip shoe. The displacement of the support cylinders is controlled through one or more adjustable ports formed in the sidewall of the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders which support the roll or extended nip shoe. With a piston which extends from one end of the stationary cross head to the other, some tilting from one side to the other of the cross head can be achieved by the adjustment of the pressure ports, thus compensating for misalignment in the vertical direction between an extended nip or crown-controlled roll.

Abstract: A roller arrangement with a deflection compensation roller and a counter roller. The deflection compensation roller has a shell, through which a hydrostatic support device is supported on a carrier. The shell-ends are each supported on a ring bearing which is guided in an action plane and is radially adjustable and can be loaded by a force in the slide direction. The shell-ends can each be loaded by a torque which has an axis perpendicular to the action plane. In this way, the deflection of the shell can be matched to be proportionate to the deflection of the counter roller.

Abstract: A roller supporting structure has a shaft having first grooves for generating a dynamic pressure, and first and second retaining plates placed opposite both ends of a roller when the roller is mounted around the shaft. The first and second retaining plates have second grooves for generating a dynamic pressure on their roller-facing end faces. When the roller is placed in an axially central portion of the shaft, that is, in the middle between the retaining plates, there is left a predetermined gap between the roller-side end face of each retaining plate and each end face of the roller. The gap is large enough so that the second grooves of the first and second retaining plates do not generate dynamic pressure between these retaining plates and the roller. The second grooves of one of the first and second retaining plates generate dynamic pressure when the roller is displaced from the axially central portion toward the one retaining plate.

Abstract: A roll for the thermal treatment of a web of material (4) in which the web of material (4) is cooled to a defined predetermined temperature in a gap (5) between the roll (1) and a counter-roll (2) is formed as a deflection controlled roll with a rotationally fixed carrier (8) and a rotatable roll jacket (10) which is supported relative to the latter with support elements (11). The roll jacket consists of a plurality of concentric zones, an inner soft zone (16) and a thin outer zone (17) with good thermal conductivity, for example of metal. The roll surface (22) is for example cooled with cooling gas nozzles which are regulated by a temperature sensor (20) so that the roll temperature in the gap (5) adopts a defined temperature value. A roll of this kind is for example suitable for use in a calender for the smoothing of a paper web or also for the processing or manufacture of a plastic foil.