Abstract: In one embodiment a tin oxide based electrode is disclosed. The tin oxide-based electrode includes a base material of tin oxide, a resistivity modifier, a sintering aid, and a corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibitor forms a solid solution with the base material and has a melting point not less than about 1700° C. and a partial pressure of not greater than about 1.0E-7 atmospheres at 1500° C. The corrosion inhibitor further includes 0-4.0 wt % ZrO2 based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for production of a composition comprising a perovskite structure compound, the process comprising: a first process to heat a hydrous oxide of at least one B group element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, and Sn at a temperature within a range of 80 to 300° C. in the presence of an aqueous medium so as to dehydrate the hydrous oxide; and a second process to heat a reaction product obtained in the first process and a hydroxide of at least one A group element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg and Pb at a temperature within a range of 100 to 300° C. in the presence of an aqueous medium. The process provides a composition comprising an ABO3 compound in the form of uniform and fine spherical particles which have an average particle diameter of 1 ?m or less, preferably within a range of 0.01 to 0.5 ?m, high crystallinity, and a controlled A/B ratio as desired, as well as few internal pores in the crystalline particles.

Abstract: A porous ceramic matrix contains a plurality of ceramic particles adhered to each other, and a plurality of channels defined by surfaces of neighbouring ceramic particles, the channels each having an average diameter of 0.5-2.5 ?m. Preferred ceramics also have a porosity of 25.0-40.0%, a Darcy's Permeability of 1.57-34.8×10?14 m2, and a mechanical strength of 25-64 MPa. Also disclosed is a method of preparing such a porous ceramic matrix, comprising providing a pellet containing ceramic particles that are coated with a monomer, a catalyst, and a binder; polymerising the monomer in the solid state by heating, then carbonizing and sintering the pellet.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive ceramic sintered body has a microstructure in which a matrix phase and an additional material phase having different compositions coexist and the additional material phase is dispersed in the matrix phase. A residual strain ratio of the additional material phase alone is larger than a residual strain ratio of the matrix phase alone. The matrix phase and the additional material phase have a composition in which a Mn compound containing Mn atoms of 0 parts by mole or more and 3 parts by mole or less and a Ba compound containing Ba atoms of 0 parts by mole or more and 1 part by mole or less are contained in a composite of 100 parts by mole represented by a general formula {Liy(Na1-xKx)1-y}a(Nb1-z-wTazSbw)O3, where a, x, y, z and w satisfy 0.9?a?1.2, 0.2?x?0.8, 0.0?y?0.2, 0?z?0.5 and 0?w?0.1, respectively.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a sintered cBN compact having excellent wear resistance and fracture resistance even in machining centrifugally cast iron having a property of being difficult to machine, and to provide a sintered cBN compact tool. A sintered cBN compact of the present invention contains 20% by volume or more and 65% by volume or less of cBN and, as a binder, 34% by volume or more and less than 80% by volume of Al2O3, at least one selected from the group consisting of nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides, borides, and boronitrides of Zr and solid solutions thereof (hereinafter, referred to as “X”), and ZrO2, the total amount of X and ZrO2 being 1.0% by volume or more and 6.0% by volume or less, the volume ratio of ZrO2 to Al2O3, ZrO2/Al2O3, being 0.010 or more and less than 0.100, in which the ratio Itetragonal ZrO2(101)/I?Al2O3(110) is 0.

Abstract: A powder including: (a) more than 92% of zircon particles; (b) 1% to 2% of silica particles having a size less than 50 microns; (c) 0.3% to 5% of particles comprising one, two, or three oxides selected from CaO, MgO, and Y2O3; (d) less than 1% of particles comprising other oxides; the powder also being such that it includes: more than 5% of zircon aggregate particles having a size greater than 1 mm; and 8% to 20% of zircon matrix particles having a size less than 15 ?m and including, for more than 95% of the weight thereof, a monoclinic phase.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of making ceramic bodies using catalyzed pore formers and compositions for making the same.

Abstract: Specialty ceramic materials which resist corrosion/erosion under semiconductor processing conditions which employ a corrosive/erosive plasma. The corrosive plasma may be a halogen-containing plasma. The specialty ceramic materials have been modified to provide a controlled electrical resistivity which suppresses plasma arcing potential.

Abstract: A plate-like polycrystalline particle is produced by forming inorganic particles into a freestanding shaped body, firing the shaped body, and crushing and classifying the fired shaped body. The inorganic particles contain as the main component an oxide that has a general formula of ABO3 and that satisfies a×Pb(M?1/3,Nb2/3)O3+b×PbTiO3+c×PbZrO3+z×M?O (wherein a+b+c=1, and M? denotes at least one element selected from Mg, Ni and Zn, and M? denotes at least one element selected from Mg, Ni and Zn), wherein z is in the range of 0.002?z?0.42. The oxide contains a predetermined excessive amount of M?O such that the plate-like polycrystalline particle contains an excessive amount of M?O. The plate-like polycrystalline particle contains a plurality of crystal grains that have a wavy structure composed of wavy grain boundaries. The plate-like polycrystalline particle is easily crushed at the grain boundaries and has a high degree of orientation.

Abstract: Specialty ceramic materials which resist corrosion/erosion under semiconductor processing conditions which employ a corrosive/erosive plasma. The corrosive plasma may be a halogen-containing plasma. The specialty ceramic materials have been modified to provide a controlled electrical resistivity which suppresses plasma arcing potential.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a method for producing composites comprising aluminum oxide and cerium/zirconium mixed oxides, hereinafter referred to briefly as Al/Ce/Zr oxide composite(s) using boehmite and soluble cerium/zirconium salts. Al/Ce/Zr oxide composites produced in this way have an increased thermal stability.

Abstract: Complex inorganic titanate pigments with low dopant levels (i.e., less than about 5%) exhibit coloristic and enhanced infrared (IR) reflectance characteristics that make them useful in formulating colors exhibiting high IR reflectivity. This characteristic is becoming increasingly useful as a way to keep exterior surfaces and articles cooler during exposure to direct sunlight. Achieving this can decrease energy (e.g., cooling/air conditioning) consumption and costs. Low-loaded titanates can boost IR reflectivity by 1 to 10% in selected visual color spaces. Paint compositions containing those low loaded titanate pigments and a method for providing a surface with high infrared reflectance utilizing those pigments are also disclosed.

Abstract: A body made of a ceramic material stabilized by a stabilizing agent, characterized in that the body comprises a surface region extending from the surface of the body to a predetermined depth, the stabilizing agent being enriched in said surface region.

Abstract: A crystalline perovskite crystalline composite paraelectric material includes nano-regions containing rich N3? anions dispersed in a nano-grain sized matrix of crystalline oxide perovskite material, wherein (ABO3-?)?-(ABO3-?-?N?)1-?. A represents a divalent element, B represents a tetravalent element, ? satisfies 0.005???1.0, 1-? satisfies 0.05?1-??0.9, and 1-? is an area ratio between the regions containing rich N3? anions and the matrix of remaining oxide perovskite material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a granulated powder intended, in particular, for the production of ceramic sintered parts, said powder having the following chemical weight composition, based on dry matter, namely: a zirconia stabiliser selected from the group containing Y2O3, Sc2O3, MgO, CaO, CeO2, and mixtures thereof, the weight content of stabiliser, based on the total zirconia and stabiliser content, being between 2% and 20% and the MgO+CaO content being less than 5% based on the total zirconia and stabiliser content; at least 1% of a first binder having a glass transition temperature less than or equal to 25° C.; 0-4% of an additional binder having a glass transition temperature greater than 25° C.; 5-50% alumina; 0-4% of a temporary additive different from the first binder and the additional binder, the total content of the first binder, the additional binder and the temporary additive being less than 9%; less than 2% impurities; and ZrO2 to make up 100%.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composite material comprising a ceramic component having a negative coefficient of thermal expansion, and oxidic ceramic particles, to its obtainment process and to its uses in microelectronics, precision optics, aeronautics and aerospace.

Abstract: A ceramic article comprises ceramic fibers having an aspect ratio of greater than 3:1 and ceramic particles. The ceramic fibers are substantially randomly oriented in three dimensions in the ceramic article. A method of forming the ceramic article includes the step of providing a composition including ceramic fibers having an aspect ratio of greater than 3:1 and ceramic particles. The composition is extruded through a multi-screw extruder having at least three intermeshing screws to form an extrudate. The extrudate is heated to form the ceramic article.

Abstract: The present invention produces a zirconia-alumina composite ceramic material that exhibits an excellent wear resistance and hardness and that resists chipping at the particle edges. The zirconia-alumina composite ceramic material according to the present invention has a composite structure in which zirconia particles are dispersed in alumina particles and the alumina particles are dispersed in the zirconia particles. A first phase is formed of ceria-containing zirconia particles and a second phase is formed of alumina particles. An ?-alumina powder having an average particle size of at least 0.1 ?m and a ?-alumina powder having an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.1 ?m are used in a proportion of 85:15 to 65:35 as the mass ratio for the alumina powder for producing the alumina particles of the second phase.

Abstract: A piezoelectric thin film element, comprising a piezoelectric thin film lamination with at least a lower electrode, a piezoelectric thin film represented by a general formula (NaxKyLiz)NbO3 (0?x 1?, 0?y?1, 0?z?0.2, x+y+z=1), and an upper electrode disposed on a substrate, wherein the piezoelectric thin film has a crystal structure of a pseudo-cubic crystal or a tetragonal crystal or an orthorhombic crystal, or has a composition in which one of these crystals exists or at least two or more of them coexist, and is preferentially oriented to a specific axis smaller than or equal to two axes of these crystals, and in the ratio of component (001) to component (111), volume fraction of the component (001) falls within a range of 60% or more and 100% or less, and the volume fraction of the component (111) falls within a range of 0% or more and 40% or less, in a case that the total of the component (001) and the component (111) is set to be 100%.

Abstract: A piezoelectric thin film element is provided, including on a substrate: a piezoelectric thin film expressed by a general formula (NaxKyLiz)NbO3 (0?x?1, 0?y?1, 0?z?0.2, x+y+z=1); and an upper electrode laminated thereon, wherein the piezoelectric thin film has a crystal structure of any one of a pseudo-cubic crystal, a tetragonal crystal, or an orthorhombic crystal, or has a crystal structure of coexistence of at least two of the pseudo-cubic crystal, the tetragonal crystal, or the orthorhombic crystal, and in such crystal structures, there is a coexistence of (001) oriented crystal grains oriented in (001) direction, and (111) oriented crystal grains oriented in (111) direction, with an angle formed by at least one of the crystal axes of the crystal grains and a normal line of the substrate surface set to be in a range of 0° to 10°.

Abstract: A sputtering target which is composed of a sintered body of an oxide containing indium, tin and zinc as main components; the atomic ratio of In/(In+Sn+Zn) being 0.10 to 0.35; the atomic ratio of Sn/(In+Sn+Zn) being 0.15 to 0.35; and the atomic ratio of Zn/(In+Sn+Zn) being 0.50 to 0.70; and containing a hexagonal layered compound shown by In2O3(ZnO)m, wherein m is an integer of 3 to 9, and a spinel structure compound shown by Zn2SnO4.

Abstract: Sintered bodies containing zirconia-based ceramic materials and partially sintered bodies that are intermediates in the preparation of the sintered bodies are described. The zirconia-based ceramic material is doped with lanthanum and yttrium. The grain size of the zirconia-based ceramic material can be controlled by the addition of lanthanum. The crystalline phase of the zirconia-based ceramic material can be influenced by the addition of yttrium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to specific additives comprising cellulose ether for improving the extrudability of ceramic masses and other masses which set as a result of baking or sintering, a corresponding extrusion process, the extrudates and their use.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic-forming composition comprising a perovskite (ABO3)-type ceramic raw material powder, and a glass powder containing, on an oxide basis, 35% by weight to 90% by weight of Bi2O3, 2.5% by weight to 20% by weight of ZnO, 1% by weight to 20% by weight of B2O3, 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight of SiO2, 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight of an alkali metal oxide, and 0.1% by weight to 35% by weight of an alkaline earth metal oxide, wherein 1% by weight to 15% by weight of the glass powder is blended with respect to the dielectric ceramic-forming composition, which can be fired at temperature lower than conventional temperature and can provide a dielectric ceramic material having high relative permittivity.

Abstract: The invetion relates to a titanium dioxide-based photocatalyst containing carbon that is highly photoactive in visible light (vlp-TiO2) and to a method of manufacture. The vlp-TiO2is manufactured by mixing a fine grained titanium compount (BET?50 m2/g) with an organic carbon compound and subsequent thermal treatment at temperatures up to 350° C. The carbon content amounts to 0.05 to 4% by weight, preferably 0.4 to 0.8% by weight. The product is characterized by an ESR spectrum which displays only one significant signal in the g value range from 1.97 to 2.05 at g about 2.003. The inventive photocatalyst can be used for to degrade contaminants and pollutants in liquids and gases.

Abstract: Zirconia-based particles, sols containing the zirconia-based particles, methods of making the sols and the zirconia-based particles, composites containing the zirconia-based particles in an organic matrix, and sintered bodies prepared from the zirconia-based particles are described. The zirconia-based particles are crystalline, have a primary particles size no greater than 100 nanometers, and are doped with a lanthanide element or with both a lanthanide element and yttrium.

Abstract: Composition in the form of a solid-solid solution which is phase stable at 1150° C./36 hours and at 1200°/4 hours and which exhibits a thermal stability in surface area of at least 15 m2/g after treatment at 1100° C./4 hours, the composition comprising oxides of zirconium and cerium wherein the oxide of zirconium is enriched, an oxide of erbium, gadolinium, dysprosium, or yttrium as a stabilizer in an amount of 10% to 30% by weight, and optionally one ore more dopant, the use of such composition in a system for exhaust gas after treatment, a process which is appropriate for the preparation of such composition and compositions obtainable by such process.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods for determining mixedness of batch material for making ceramic ware, and methods for obtaining substantially consistent mixedness of batch material for making ceramic ware.

Abstract: A method for producing a ceramic material is disclosed. A ceramic raw material mixture is produced by comminuting and mixing starting materials containing Pb, Zr, Ti, Nd and oxygen. Nickel or an nickel compound is introduced. The raw material mixture is calcined and a ceramic is sintered.

Abstract: A (Li, Na, K)(Nb, Ta, Sb)O3 based piezoelectric material is a sintered body having a surface microstructure that comprises microscopic grains having a grain diameter of less than 5 ?m, intermediate grains having a grain diameter of 5 ?m or more and less than 15 ?m, and coarse grains having a grain diameter of 15 ?m or more and 50 ?m or less. The amount of coarse grains is 3% or more in a share of grains in terms of area. The piezoelectric material can be manufactured by mixing metal-containing compounds so as to give the above-mentioned formulation, calcining the mixture and then crushing the resultant to obtain a calcined/crushed powder, then keeping temperature constantly at a temperature within a range from 800 to 950° C. for a predetermined period of time in a constant temperature keeping process, and raising temperature to firing temperature for sintering.

Abstract: A composite material consisting of aluminium oxide as a ceramic matrix and zirconium oxide dispersed therein. The invention also relates to a method for the production thereof and components containing same.

Abstract: A composite material consisting of aluminium oxide as a ceramic matrix and zirconium oxide dispersed therein. A method for the production thereof, components containing the composite and methods of using the same are also provided.

Abstract: To provide a zirconia-based composite ceramic sintered compact capable of being colored to white appropriate for a dental prosthesis while maintaining its mechanical and physical properties, and also provide a method for producing the same. The method for producing the zirconia-based composite ceramic sintered compact includes semi-sintering a zirconia-alumina composite ceramic containing an alumina particle and a zirconia particle comprising of tetragonal zirconia containing ceria of 8 to 12 mol %, forming the composite ceramic; dipping the formed composite ceramic in a neodymium ion solution or complex solution; drying the dipped composite ceramic; and finally sintering it.

Abstract: A (Li, Na, K)(Nb, Ta)O3-based piezoelectric/electrostrictive ceramic composition having large electric field-induced distortion at the time of application of a high electric field is provided. A perovskite oxide is synthesized which contains Li (lithium), Na (sodium) and K (potassium) as A-site elements and contains at least Nb (niobium) and Sb (antimony) out of Nb, Ta (tantalum) and Sb as B-site elements, the ratio of the total number of atoms of the A-site elements to the total number of atoms of the B-site elements being larger than 1, and then a Bi (bismuth) compound is added and reacted. The amount of addition of the Bi compound with respect to 100 molar parts of the perovskite oxide is preferably not less than 0.02 molar part nor more than 0.1 molar part in terms of Bi atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite materials with a high dielectric constant and high dielectric strength and to methods of producing the composite materials. The composite materials have high dielectric constants at a range of high frequencies and possess robust mechanical properties and strengths, such that they may be machined to a variety of configurations. The composite materials also have high dielectric strengths for operation in high power and high energy density systems. In one embodiment, the composite material is composed of a trimodal distribution of ceramic particles, including barium titanate, barium strontium titanate (BST), or combinations thereof and a polymer binder.

Abstract: A ceramic material has the following composition: (Ba1-xMnx)O.z(Ti1-yMmy)O2.Dd.Ee. In this composition, (Ba1-xMnx)=A and (Ti1-yMmy)=B, where Mn stands for at least one element selected from: Mg, Ca, Sr, Pb and mixtures thereof; Mm stands for at least one element selected from: Sn, Zr and mixtures thereof; D stands for at least one element having donor properties; E stands for at least one element having acceptor properties. The following applies for the parameters: 0?x?0.6; 0?y?0.35; 0?d?0.02; 0?e?0.02; 1<z; and the following applies for the molar ratio of B to A: 1<B/A. The ceramic material comprises Si only as an impurity.

Abstract: Presently described are methods of inhibiting water vapor adsorption of a powder and methods of storing a powder at increased humidity level. The methods comprise providing adding discrete hydrophobic nanoparticles to a plurality of particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nanostructured composite material of ?-alumina-doped zirconia stabilised with cerium oxide and zirconia-doped ?-alumina, the process for obtaining it and the applications thereof, such as knee prostheses, hip prostheses, dental implants, mechanical components for pumps, alkaline batteries, ceramic components for stereotactic neurology, cutting tools, etc.

Abstract: Piezoelectric/electrostrictive ceramics having the composition represented by the general formula: xBNT-yBKT-zBT (x+y+z=1) are provided, wherein at least one kind among A-site elements are allowed to become deficient from stoichiometry in which a point (x, y, z) representing content ratios x, y and z of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3, (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 and BaTiO3 is within a range including a border line of a quadrangle ABCD with a point A, a point B, a point C and a point D as vertices in a ternary phase diagram. Vacancies are formed in an A-site of a perovskite structure by allowing the A-site elements to become deficient from stoichiometry. An amount of A-site vacancies becomes at least 2 mol % to at most 6 mol %.

Abstract: The process for production of a scandia-stabilized zirconia sheet according to the present invention is characterized in comprising the steps of pulverizing a scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered body to obtain a scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered powder having an average particle diameter (De) determined using a transmission electron microscope of more than 0.3 ?m and not more than 1.5 ?m, and an average particle diameter (Dr) determined by a laser scattering method of more than 0.3 ?m and not more than 3.0 ?m, and a ratio (Dr/De) of the average particle diameter determined by the laser scattering method to the average particle diameter determined using the transmission electron microscope of not less than 1.0 and not more than 2.

Abstract: A high energy density multilayer ceramic capacitor, having at least two electrode layers and at least one substantially dense polycrystalline dielectric layer positioned therebetween. The at polycrystalline dielectric layer has an average grain size of less than about 300 nanometers, a particle size distribution of between about 150 nanometers and about 3 micrometers, and a maximum porosity of about 1 percent. The dielectric layer is selected from the group including TiO2, BaTiO3, Al2O3, ZrO2, lead zirconium titanate, and combinations thereof and has a breakdown strength of at least about 1100 kV per centimeter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a piezoelectric ceramic and a piezoelectric element, which have a large dynamic d33 (dynamic piezoelectric coefficient d33), can be used even under an elevated temperature of 200° C., and exhibit a small variation between the dynamic d33 at room temperature and the dynamic d33 at 200° C. The piezoelectric ceramic of the present invention is characterized by containing 100 parts by mass of a bismuth layered compound as a main component and a total of 0.05 to 1 part by mass, in terms of oxides (MnO2 and Fe2O3), of at least one of Mn and Fe, the bismuth layered compound being represented by a compositional formula of Bi4Ti3O3O12.?[(1-?)M1TiO3.?M2M3O3], wherein ? and ? satisfy the following formulae: 0.405???0.498 and 0???0.3, M1 represents at least one selected from Sr, Ba, Ca, (Bi0.5Na0.5) (Bi0.5Li0.5) and (Bi0.5K0.5), M2 is at least one selected from Bi, Na, K and Li, and M3 is at least one of Fe and Nb.

Abstract: A precursor batch composition that can be used to make porous ceramic articles is provided. The batch composition includes a polysaccharide gum. The batch composition may optionally include a linear water soluble polymer having a molecular weight of at least one million Daltons.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing an aluminum titanate-based fired body, comprising shaping a starting material mixture containing inorganic compound source powders including an aluminum source powder and a titanium source powder, as well as an additive, degreasing the obtained shaped body at 150 to 900° C., and firing the degreased shaped body at not lower than 1300° C., wherein the inorganic compound source powders contain 1 to 5 parts by mass of particles having a particle diameter of not larger than 0.1 ?m in 100 parts by mass thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a high-strength zirconia sintered body in which the progression of low-temperature degradation is inhibited. The zirconia sintered body contains partially-stabilized zirconia as a matrix phase and contains at least one element from among phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi). The content of the abovementioned element(s) in the zirconia sintered body ranges from 4×10?4 mol to 4×10?2 mol with respect to 1 mol of zirconium(IV) oxide. Preferably, the zirconia sintered body further contains 0.03% to 3% by mass of silicon dioxide.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide: a modified perovskite-type composite oxide, which effectively suppresses elution of A-site metals from a perovskite-type composite oxide, and which can be particularly preferably used as an inorganic filler for a composite dielectric body; a method for producing the same; and a composite dielectric material using the same. The modified perovskite-type composite oxide of the present invention is produced by primarily coating the particle surface of a perovskite-type composite oxide with silica and then secondarily coating it with a coupling agent, characterized in that the layer primarily coated with silica is produced by performing a heat treatment at 800° C. to 1200° C. on hydrolyzed silica obtained by the hydrolysis of tetraalkoxysilane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high dielectric constant paste composition comprising (A) inorganic particles having a perovskite crystal structure or a complex perovskite crystal structure, (B) a compound represented by any one of the general formulas (1) to (4) shown below, and (C) an organic solvent. The present invention provides a high dielectric constant paste composition for producing a high dielectric constant dielectric composition which has high insulation reliability and exhibits satisfactory resistance in a high-temperature high-humidity bias test.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic for use in dielectric ceramic layers has a main component represented by a composition formula of (Sr1-x-ySnxBay)TiO3, wherein x is 0.005?x?0.24, y is 0?y?0.25 in the composition formula. Preferably, the dielectric ceramic includes 0.01 mol to 5 mol of M (M is at least one of Mn and V) calculated as MO and/or 0.2 mol to 5 mol of Si calculated as SiO2, with respect to 100 mols of the main component, and more preferably, further includes 0.1 mol to 25 mol of Ca calculated as CaO with respect to 100 mols of the main component. The dielectric ceramic has an increased dielectric constant permitting size reduction when used in a laminated ceramic capacitor.

Abstract: This invention relates to lead-free piezoelectric ceramic films and a method of making thereof. Specifically, the invention is directed to a method for fabricating lead-free piezoelectric free standing films having enhanced piezoelectric properties. The films may be used for a number of applications including incorporation in microelectronic devices such as energy harvesting devices and sensor technologies.

Abstract: By engineering thermal spray parameters, such as temperature and velocity, and engineering feedstock powder size and morphology, ceramic coatings may be produced having desired mechanical and thermal properties. The ceramic thermal spray coating may have a microstructure having about 10-80% by cross-sectional area of a particulate phase based on, surface area of the coating, and the particulate phase is uniformly distributed throughout the coating. The particulate phase is an unmelted portion of the thermal sprayed feedstock, which is highly porous and may be produced by agglomerating nanoparticles of the ceramic. Such coatings can be applied as TBCs or as abradable coatings.