Abstract: A cellulose nitrate having a degree of nitration of from 12.2% to 14.1% in terms of the nitrogen content and a degree of polymerization of from 100 to 1,000 is suitable to prepare a low-melting glass paste.

Abstract: A solder glass comprised of about 65 weight percent Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 30 weight percent B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and about 5 weight percent V.sub.2 O.sub.5. The glass is black and extremely visible when employed as a molten seal in electrical devices such as tungsten-halogen lamps.

Abstract: A mixture for preparation of protective and insulating coatings on metals and metal products which sticks well to metal surfaces, is resistant to high temperatures, has good electrical properties, and provides good heat removal. The mixture includes aluminum oxide, barium oxide, boron oxide, silicon oxide, and aluminum fluoride.

Abstract: An improved semiconductor die bonding structure and method for electrical devices is described which utilizes a ductile foil between the semiconductor die and the base of the device package. The die is sealed to the foil with a die bonding material formed from a titania free base glass to which has been added 23.6 to 36.4 weight percent lead titanate powder to give a glass plus ceramic mixture consisting essentially of (by weight percent) 2.5-10.7% GeO.sub.2, 0-2.3% SiO.sub.2, 58.6-78.5% PbO, 0-5.3% PbF.sub.2, 7-13% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 2.5-6.9% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-5.3% ZnO, 0.4-2.3% V.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0-5.3% CdO, and 6.2-9.6% TiO.sub.2. The ductile foil is bonded to the ceramic package base directly without intermediate layers or alternatively by means of an improved foil bonding glass material consisting essentially of (by weight percent) 10-15% SiO.sub.2, 45-55% PbO, 8-12% ZnO, 2-5% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and 25-30% B.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: Partially crystallizing glass solders, and stripping films using them as agents to be transferred, which are sintered at temperatures below 900.degree. C. from glass powder with granulation of less than <150 .mu.m, thereafter exhibiting thermal expansion coefficients of -23.5 to 34.3.sup..multidot. 10.sup.-7.multidot. K.sup.-1, whose crystallization temperature lies below 710.degree. C. and whose crystal phase consists predominantly of h-quartz mixed crystal phase exhibiting the following composition (in weight %): 23-44 SiO.sub.2, 20-37 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 5.5-11 Li.sub.2 O; 3-20 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; 0-36 PbO; 0-1 Na.sub.2 O; 0-1.5 K.sub.2 O; 0-0.1 F; 0-4 TiO.sub.2 ; 0-3.5 MgO; 0-2 CoO, provided B.sub.2 O.sub.3 +PbO+Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O+F+TiO.sub.2 is 8.5-50.0.

Abstract: A solder glass comprising, by weight, about 65% Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 30% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; and about 5% PbO. The glass is molten at about 350.degree. C. and can be employed as a molten seal in electrical devices such as tungsten-halogen lamps.

Abstract: A solder glass comprising, by weight, about 65% Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 30% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; and about 5% Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3. The glass is molten at about 350.degree. C. and can be employed as a molten seal in electrical devices such as tungsten-halogen lamps.

Abstract: A non-crystallizing sealing glass composition is described consisting essentially of from about 75.50 to 84.00 wt. % lead oxide, from about 11.25 to 14.25 wt. % boron oxide, an additional component selected from the group consisting of up to 3.10 wt. % zinc oxide and up to 9.33 wt. % bismuth oxide; other compositions could include up to 0.88 wt. % tin oxide, and up to 1.51 wt. % germainium oxide. The glass compositions include .beta.-eucryptite in an amount sufficient to provide a coefficient of expansion of about 83.5 to 71.5.times.10.sup.-7 .degree. C..sup.-1 (about 13.5 to 17.0 wt %); the glass is particularly useful in sealing a gas panel.

Abstract: First and second spaced members are hermetically sealed by a partially amorphous and partially crystalline insulating material. The insulating material is non-hygroscopic and is able to withstand forces of about 26,000 psi at about 700.degree. F. It may provide resistances of at least 10,000 megohms even when subjected to 500 volts AC or DC and to steam at about 212.degree. F. for three (3) days. A second insulating layer may be fused to the first insulating layer with essentially the same properties and composition as the first layer. However, the second layer may be more crystalline than the first layer to provide a mechanical and chemical barrier. The insulating materials may be formed from the oxides of lead, zinc, aluminum, silicon, cerium, lanthanum, cobalt, sodium, zirconium, bismuth and molybdenum. The oxides of lead, silicon, bismuth and sodium may be glass formers. The oxides of cerium, lanthanum and zirconium may form crystals. A mixture of the oxides may be heated to at least 2000.degree. F.

Abstract: The chemical durability of alkali phosphate glasses is improved by incorporation of up to 23 weight percent of nitrogen. A typical phosphate glass contains: 10 to 60 mole % of Li.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O or K.sub.2 O; 5-40 mole % of BaO or CAO; 0-1 to 10 mole % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; and 40-70 mole % of P.sub.2 O.sub.5. Nitrides, such as AlN, are the favored additives.

Abstract: Glass frits for use in glazes or enamels have fiber softening point about 535.degree.-609.degree. C. are free of lead, cadmium and zinc and consist essentially of Li.sub.2 O-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.3 plus 2-23% SnO.sub.2 +CaO and 2-23% ZrO.sub.2 +La.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; also, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SrO, BaO, Na.sub.2 O, F.Low expansion filler, e.g., B-eucryptite, may be used at 4 to 15% by weight of glass frit.

Abstract: A terminal assembly includes a ferrule and a terminal pin disposed in spaced relationship to the ferrule. First layers made from a first ceramic insulating material are disposed in spaced relationship to each other in the space between the terminal pin and the ferrule. The layers are primarily polycrystalline but partially amorphous. Second layers made from a second ceramic insulating material are disposed in spaced relationship to each other in the space between the terminal pin and the ferrule and between the first layers. The second layers are fused to the terminal pin and the ferrule and the first layers. The second layers are primarily amorphous but partially polycrystalline. Layers of a third insulating material having relatively high characteristics of electrical insulation and having a lower melting temperature than the first and second layers may be respectively disposed at the opposite ends of the terminal assembly.

Abstract: A material is provided for producing a hermetic seal with a member made from one of the following: titanium, titanium alloys, platinum, chromel, Alumel, stainless steels and Inconel. The material is particularly adapted to be used with titanium, titanium alloys, Inconel and the 300 series of stainless steels since it has at different temperatures a coefficient of thermal expansion matching changes in the coefficient of thermal expansion of titanium, titanium alloys, Inconel and the 300 series of stainless steels throughout a range of temperatures to approximately 1500.degree. F. The material is partially polycrystalline and partially amorphous and is provided with a high electrical insulation and is impervious to acids and thermal and mechanical shocks. The material may have the following composition:______________________________________ Oxide Range of Percentages by Weight ______________________________________ Lead oxide (red lead) 57-68 Silicon dioxide 28-32 Soda ash (sodium carbonate) 0.4-0.

Abstract: A material hermetically seals two members. One member may be titanium or a titanium alloy and the other member may be a noble metal such as platinum. The seal is resistant to acids and alkalis and is substantially impervious to shocks resulting from mechanical forces or abrupt changes in temperature. The material includes a pair of fluxes having different melting temperatures and a stuffing material including the oxides of zinc and zirconium. The oxides of zinc and zirconium become crystallized at the surface between one of the members and the material. An oxygen valence bond is also produced between the material and such member. The material is more amorphous at the boundary with the second member than at positions removed from such member. The material is formed by progressive heatings for at least a pair of periods of time insufficient to crystallize all of the material and by rapid coolings of the material after each of such heatings.

Abstract: An improved lead-free glass or glass plus alumina ceramic sealing material composition for making compression glass sealed electrical leads in semiconductor device packages is described wherein the improved sealing material consists essentially of the following range of ingredients, by weight percent:______________________________________ Pb-Free Glass Element Composition Range Glass Plus Alumina ______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 40-50 34-50 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 2-12 2-25 K.sub.2 O 2-6 2-6 Na.sub.2 O 5-9 4-9 Li.sub.2 O 2-6 2-6 CaO 0-4 0-4 ZnO 5-12 4-12 BaO 1-5 1-5 TiO.sub.2 2-6 2-6 B.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: A sealing glass composition containing refractory filler of lower coefficient of thermal expansion for use in sealing alumina package for electronic components is disclosed. The composition consists essentially of low melting glass powder and cordierite powder in proportion of 2-30% by weight of the total composition, and optionally, .beta.-eucryptite, .beta.-spodumen, lead titanate or zircon in a proportion, respectively, not exceeding 15% by weight of the total composition. The low melting glass has a composition of 77.0-86.0 wt. % of PbO, 6.0-15.0 wt. % of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.5-6.9 wt. % of ZnO, 0.1-3.0 wt. % of SiO.sub.2, 0-3.0% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-2.0% of alkali earth metal oxide, 0-1.5% of SnO.sub.2 and 0-1.0% of alkali metal oxide.

Abstract: Acid and alkali oxides are smelted for an extended period of time at a first elevated temperature above their melting temperatures. The smelted mixture is then quenched in water and fritted. The fritted mixture is then disposed between a pair of members which are to be hermetically sealed relative to each other. The fritted mixture is then at least partially fused in an oxygen atmosphere at a second temperature below the first temperature for a relatively short period of time. The at least partially fused mixture is then rapidly cooled in air. In this way, the mixture is provided with a partially amorphous state and a partially crystalline state. The crystals in the mixture are disposed primarily at the borders of at least a particular one of the members to be sealed.The mixture hermetically seals the two members, is resistant to acids and alkalis and inhibits the propagation of cracks.

Abstract: A process of bonding a plurality of thermally stable, high strength graphite fiber reinforced glass matrix composite materials is described. The process comprises applying to the surface of at least one of the composite materials to be bonded, a mixture of low softening point glaze such as high lead oxide containing glaze, a high melting point low coefficient of thermal expansion material such as beta-spodumene and colloidal silica followed by hot pressing the composite materials to be bonded together. The resultant bonded articles and the glass compositions particularly adapted for this bonding process are also described.

Abstract: Sealing glass compositions are described which have low sealing temperature requirements and are particularly useful for sealing together the ceramic components used in microelectronic circuitry. The sealing glass compositions are characterized as low temperature, low expansion glasses of high chemical resistance especially against acid attack. Formed of a mixture of a lead borate base glass and beta eucryptite, the sealing glasses of the invention also possess high mechanical and thermal shock strength.

Abstract: Acid and alkali oxides are smelted for an extended period of time at a first elevated temperature above their melting temperatures. The smelted mixture is then quenched in water and fritted. The fritted mixture is then disposed between a pair of members which are to be hermetically sealed relative to each other. The fritted mixture is then at least partially fused in an oxygen atmosphere at a second temperature below the first temperature for a relatively short period of time. The at least partially fused mixture is then rapidly cooled in air. In this way, the mixture is provided with a partially amorphous state and a partially crystalline state. The crystals in the mixture are disposed primarily at the borders of at least a particular one of the members to be sealed.The mixture hermetically seals the two members, is resistant to acids and alkalis and inhibits the propagation of cracks.

Abstract: A powder having a negative coefficient of linear thermal expansion and sealing compositions containing the same are disclosed wherein the powder is a .beta.-eucryptite particle having on the surface thereof a layer of tin oxide, titanium oxide, and/or zirconium oxide.

Abstract: An improved lead-free glass or glass plus alumina ceramic sealing material for making compression glass sealed electrical leads in semiconductor device packages is described wherein the improved sealing material consists essentially of the following range of ingredients, by weight percent:______________________________________ Composition Range Element Pb-free Glass (Glass plus alumina) ______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 40-50 34-50 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 2-12 2-25 K.sub.2 O 2-6 2-6 Na.sub.2 O 5-9 4-9 Li.sub.2 O 2-6 2-6 CaO 0-4 0-4 ZnO 5-12 4-12 BaO 1-5 1-5 TiO.sub.2 2-6 2-6 B.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: A range of borosilicate glass compositions which are capable of sealing effectively to nickel iron alloys containing up to approximately 52% nickel to form a hermetic seal resistant to thermal shock breakage. The glass is in the composition range percent by weight of:SiO.sub.2 : 55-66Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 4.5-10Na.sub.2 O: 0-4K.sub.2 O: 3.5-7B.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 19.0-26.0TiO.sub.

Abstract: Sodium resistant sealing glasses have aluminoborate glass compositions in which glass stability is improved by the incorporation of specific mixtures of modifying alkali earth oxides of calcium oxide, strontium oxide and barium oxide. These modifying alkali earth oxides are present in a total weight percent range from 15 to 40 weight percent of the glass composition.Also disclosed is the employment of the above glasses as seals in sodium-sulfur cells.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of sealing glasses capable of forming strong, non-porous seals with glasses containing at least 10% by weight of an alkali metal oxide such as are used in the fabrication of the glass membranes utilized in sodium-sulfur and potassium-sulfur batteries. The inventive seals require an interdiffusion of ions to occur between the sealing glass and the glass being sealed. Glasses presently employed as membrane glasses for such batteries have base compositions within the Na.sub.2 O-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and K.sub.2 O-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 systems. The inventive sealing glasses consist essentially, expressed in mole percent on the oxide basis, of about 3-30% R.sub.2 O and 60-95% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, wherein R.sub.2 O consists of K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O, Cs.sub.2 O, and mixtures thereof and, optionally, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is substituted for up to one-half the B.sub.2 O.sub.3 content on a molar basis.

Abstract: A low temperature sealing glass composition consisting of 60-80% by weight of vitreous solder glass of PbO-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 system having a deformation point of 350.degree. C. or less, and 20-40% by weight of willemite. The vitreous PbO-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 system glass comprises 70-90% by weight of PbO, 10-15% by weight of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.5-5% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 0-5% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-5% by weight of ZnO, 0-15% by weight of PbF.sub.2 and 0-5% by weight of Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: In a high temperature gas measuring device consisting of a zirconia oxide solid electrolyte cell bonded to a support member, a sealant exhibiting a thermal coefficient of expansion comparable to zirconia and a melting point in excess of 1000.degree. C. is used to seal the cell to the support member. The preferred sealants which meet these requirements include:(1) 3 MgO.sup.. Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.sup.. 6 SiO.sub.2(2) 52% Nd.sub.4 (SiO.sub.4).sub.3, 48% Ca.sub.2 SiO.sub.4(3) 57% La.sub.4 (SiO.sub.4).sub.3, 43% Ca.sub.2 SiO.sub.4(4) 50% Y.sub.4 (SiO.sub.4).sub.3, 50% Ca.sub.2 SiO.sub.4(5) (a) La.sub.2 O.sub.3.sup.. Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 50 mol % of each (b) 40% La.sub.2 O.sub.3.sup.. 60% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: SiO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -alkaline earth oxides glass compositions suitable for glass/molybdenum sealings with high thermal load capability, having coefficients of thermal expansion in the temperature range of 20.degree.-300.degree. C. of 4.6-5.1.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree. C., glass transformation temperatures (Tg) of 775.degree.-810.degree. C., softening temperatures (Ew) greater than 930.degree. C., processing temperatures (V.sub.A) of 1232.degree.-1273.degree. C. and at length of V.sub.A -Ew greater than 300.degree. C. as regards processing technology of these glasses in the mixture, which consist essentially of the following components, computed as percent by oxide weight:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 57.00-64.00 wt % Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 12.50-16.50 wt % ZrO.sub.2 1.00-5.50 wt % Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 + ZrO.sub.2 15.00-19.00 wt % CaO 11.50-19.20 wt % BaO 0-6.50 wt % CeO.sub.2 0-8.00 wt % TiO.sub.2 0-4.50 wt % CaO + BaO + CeO.sub.2 + TiO.sub.2 18.60-25.70 wt % and As.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.

Abstract: The forming of hermetic seals suitable for sealing materials having dissimilar thermal expansions which are formed by reacting an effective amount of a metal powder, selected from the group consisting of aluminum, antimony and zirconium, with glass frit having a softening point of <750.degree. C. and a coefficient of thermal expansion sufficiently compatible with the materials being sealed to yield seals characterized by a coefficient of thermal expansion closely matching or similar to those of the materials being sealed and a use temperature equal to or greater than 1000.degree. C. The seals of this invention are particularly suitable for bonding ceramic to ceramic.

Abstract: A solder glass suspension for sealing glass or other ceramic parts is provided having the characteristics of a reversible gel, exhibiting high viscosity during storage and after extrusion onto a sealing surface, but relatively low viscosity under shear stress during extrusion. The use of the suspension for sealing glass or ceramic parts is also described.

Abstract: A glass for sealing a beta-alumina tube in a sodium-sulphur cell has a composition suitable to resist attack by sodium at elevated temperatures and a coefficient of thermal expansion suitable for use with beta-alumina. The glass consists essentially of 28-48 mol % B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-20 mol % SiO.sub.2, 16-28 mol % Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, together with 18-33 mol % of at least one alkaline earth oxide selected from the group consisting of BaO, SrO, CaO and MgO, the proportions of the constituents being such that the combined total of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and SiO.sub.2 is 40 to 60 mol % and furthermore being such that 0.0517 A.sub.1 +0.0354 A.sub.2 -0.0063 A.sub.3 +0.168 A.sub.4 +0.1336 A.sub.5 +0.098 A.sub.6 +0.1597 A.sub.7, lies between 5.7 and 6.4 where A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, A.sub.4, A.sub.5, A.sub.6 and A.sub.7 are the respective molar percentages of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, BaO, CaO, MgO and SrO.A cell sealed with such a glass is described.