Abstract: The invention relates to glass reinforcement strands, the composition of which comprises the following constituents in the limits defined below, expressed as percentages by weight: 58 to 63% SiO2; 10 to 16% Al2O3; 16 to 23% CaO; 0.5 to 3.5% MgO; 0 to 2% Na2O+K2O+Li2O; 1 to 1.5% TiO2; 0 to 1.5% B2O3; 0 to 0.4% Li2O; 0 to 0.4% ZnO; 0 to 1% MnO; and 0 to 0.5% F. These strands have improved properties in terms of mechanical strength, acid resistance and high-temperature resistance for a low-cost composition. The invention also relates to a process for producing the said strands and to the composition allowing them to be produced.

Abstract: Zirconium-containing BaO— and PbO-free X-ray opaque glasses having a refractive index nd of about 1.480 to about 1.517 and a high X-ray opacity with an aluminum equivalent thickness of at least about 180% are provided. Such glasses are based on a SiO2—B2O3—Cs2O—K2O—La2O3 system with additions of Al2O3, Li2O, Na2O and/or ZrO2. Such glasses may be used, in particular, as dental glasses or as optical glasses.

Abstract: A low viscosity E-glass composition including SiO2 in an amount ranging from 52-54 weight percent, Al2O3 in an amount ranging from 12-14 weight percent, F2 in an amount ranging from 0-1.0 weight percent, Fe2O3 in an amount ranging from 0 to 0.8 weight percent, Na2O in an amount ranging from 0-2.0 weight percent, K2O in an amount ranging from 0-2.0 weight percent, CaO in an amount ranging from 16-23 weight percent, MgO in an amount ranging from 0-3.0 weight percent, Li2O in an amount ranging from 0-3.0, TiO2 in an amount ranging from 0-1.5 weight percent, ZnO in an amount ranging from 0-4.0 weight percent, and B2O3 in an amount ranging from 8.0-10 weight percent is provided. The glass composition has a log 3 viscosity temperature between 1750 and 2150° F. and a ?T temperature greater than 50° F.

Abstract: Clutch lings comprising fiber-reinforced ceramic materials which comprise carbon fibers and whose matrix material is selected from among inorganic polymers, oxidic ceramics, set cements, organoelement polymers and finely divided inorganic solids which are held together by an inorganic or organic binders.

Abstract: Provided is a range of glass compositions and glass fiber products made therefrom that show a unique combination of properties for both discontinuous fiber manufacturing and end use service. The glass compositions are particularly useful in high volume, high throughput, economical processes such as rotary spinning.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass yarn capable of being obtained by a method consisting of mechanically drawing molten glass threads flowing from orifices disposed at the base of a die, of which the chemical composition is substantially free from boron oxide and comprises the following constituents within the limits defined hereinafter expressed in percentages by weight: SiO2 40 to 50 Al2O3 18 to 28 CaO 4 to 15 MgO 0 to 6 Na2O 10 to 14 Na2O + K2O + Li2O 13 to 20 It also relates to composites containing such yarns.

Abstract: The invention relates to reinforcing glass yarns of which the composition comprises the following components within the limits defined below expressed in weight percent: SiO2 62-72% Al2O3 4-11% CaO 8-22% MgO 1-7% Na2O + K2O + Li2O 0-9% BaO + SrO 0-4% B2O3 0-4% F2 0-2% Other components: TiO2 + ZrO2 + 0-4% Fe2O3 (total iron) + P2O5 + MnO + Cr2O3 + MoO3 + ZnO + SO3 These yarns consist of an economical glass offering an excellent comprise between its mechanical properties represented by the specific Young's modulus and its drawing conditions. The invention also relates to the glass composition suitable for manufacturing said glass yarns, the basic structures of such yarns, in particular meshes, fabrics and mats, and the composites incorporating such yarns.

Abstract: A composite material having a fibrous structure and a coating is disclosed. More specifically, a composite material may be comprised of a fibrous structure having a surface and impregnated with a interface material, a first ceramic material, a ceramic mixture, and a third ceramic material or alloy material or combination thereof, a coating disposed on the surface of the fibrous structure, wherein the coating comprises a first ceramic coating material and a ceramic coating mixture.

Abstract: A composition for the manufacture of high strength glass fibers suitable for manufacture in both precious metal lined furnaces and refractory lined glass melter is disclosed. The glass composition of the present invention includes 62-68 weight % SiO2, 22-26 weight % Al2O3, 8-15 weight % MgO and 0.1 to 3.0 weight % Li2O. One suitable composition of the present invention includes 64-66.5 weight percent SiO2, 23-24.5 weight percent Al2O3, 9-11 weight percent MgO and 0.3-0.35 weight percent Li2O. Another suitable composition includes 66.5 weight percent SiO2, 23.4 weight percent Al2O3, 9.8 weight percent MgO and 0.3 weight percent Li2O. Yet another suitable composition is about 66 weight percent SiO2, about 23 weight percent Al2O3, about 10.5 weight percent MgO and about 0.3 weight percent Li2O. Fibers formed by the present invention are also disclosed. The fibers have a fiberizing temperature of less than 2650° F., a ?T of at least 25° F.

Abstract: A composition for the manufacture of high strength glass fibers suitable for manufacture in a refractory lined glass melter is disclosed. The glass composition of the present invention includes 64-75 weight % SiO2, 16-24 weight % Al2O3, 8-11 weight % MgO and 0.25 to 3.0 weight % R2O where R2O is the sum of Li2O and Na2O. A composition of the present invention includes 64-75 weight % SiO2, 16-24 weight % Al2O3, 8-11 weight % MgO and 0.25 to 3.0 weight % Li2O. Another composition includes 68-69 weight percent SiO2, 20-22 weight percent Al2O3, 9-10 weight percent MgO and 1-3 weight percent Li2O. By using oxide based refractory lined furnaces the cost of production of glass fibers is substantially reduced in comparison with the cost of fibers using a platinum lined melting furnace. Fibers formed by the present invention are also disclosed. The fibers have a fiberizing temperature of less than 2650° F., a ?T of at least 80° F.

Abstract: A needled rotary fiberglass glass insulation product including (1) a plurality of single component rotary glass fibers where at least a portion of the fibers are entangled and mechanically bonded and (2) a binder applied to at least a portion of the glass fibers is provided. The needled insulation product may have a thickness less than about 0.75 inches and a density from about 1 pcf to about 10 pcf. In exemplary embodiments, the thickness may be from about 0.25 to about 0.5 inches and the density may be from about 3 pcf to about 5 pcf. Additionally, a fire-retarding layer may be positioned on the insulation product. The needled rotary glass insulation product has a thermal conductivity that is equivalent to or less than conventional, lofty insulation blankets and may be utilized in household appliances, water heaters, and HVAC equipment.

Abstract: A modified alkali silicate composition for forming an inorganic network matrix. The modified alkali silicate matrix is made by reacting an alkali silicate (or its precursors such as an alkali hydroxide, a SiO2 source and water), an acidic inorganic composition, such as a reactive glass, water and optional fillers, additives and processing aids. An inorganic matrix composite can be prepared by applying a slurry of the modified aqueous alkali silicate composition to a reinforcing medium and applying the temperature and pressure necessary to consolidate the desired form. The composite can be shaped by compression molding as well as other known fabrication methods. A notable aspect of the invention is that, although composite and neat resin components prepared from the invention can exhibit excellent dimensional stability to 1000° C. and higher, they can be prepared at the lower temperatures and pressures typical to organic polymer processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass fibers having a chemical composition that contains the following constituents in the limits defined hereafter and expressed in percentage by weight, namely: 38 to 49 SiO2; 15 to 25 Al2O3; 1 to 15 CaO; 0 to 4 MgO; 14 to 25 Na2O; 0 to 10 K2O; 0 to 8 B2O3; 0 to 3 Fe2O3; and 0 to 3 P2O5.

Abstract: A glass filler for a polycarbonate resin, whereby the refractive index of the glass filler can be improved to the same level as a polycarbonate resin, and the transparency of a molded product after reinforced with such a filler can be maintained without coloration, and a polycarbonate resin composition employing such a filler, are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass strand, the chemical composition of which is substantially free of boron oxide and comprises the following constituents, in the limits defined below expressed as percentages by weight: SiO2 55 to 65 Al2O3 ?9 to 16 CaO 15 to 26 MgO 1 to 5 BaO + SrO 0.5 to 5?? Na2O + K2O + Li2 O 0 to 2 TiO2 0 to 1 ZnO 0 to 2 ZrO2 0 to 2 It also relates to composites comprising such strands.

Abstract: A method of forming high strength glass fibers in a refractory-lined glass meter, products made there from and batch compositions suited for use in the method are disclosed. The glass composition for use in the method of the present invention is up to about 64-75 weight percent SiO2, 16-24 weight percent Al2O3, 8-12 weight percent MgO and 0.25-3 weight percent R2O, where R2O equals the sum of Li2O and Na2O, has a fiberizing temperature less than about 2650° F., and a ?T of at least 80° F. By using oxide-based refractory-lined furnaces the cost of production of glass fibers is substantially reduced in comparison with the cost of fibers produced using a platinum-lined melting furnace. High strength composite articles including the high strength glass fibers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A glass fiber having a low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss tangent consists essentially of by weight, as a glass composition, 52 to 60% of SiO2, 11 to 16% of Al2O3, 20 to 30% of B2O3, and 4 to 8% of CaO, and substantially no MgO, substantially no Li2O, substantially no Na2O, substantially no K2O, and substantially no Ti2O. The glass fiber also may contain up to 2% F2 by weight. The glass fiber is ideal for use as reinforcement for printed wiring boards, and has excellent dielectric properties at frequencies of about 18 GHz or higher.

Abstract: Ceramic fibers comprising glass, and composites comprising such fibers. The glass comprises at least 35 percent by weight Al2O3, based on the total metal oxide content of the glass, a first metal oxide other than Al2O3, and a second, different metal oxide other than Al2O3. The glass contains not more than 10 percent by weight collectively As2O3, B2O3, GeO2, P2O5, SiO2, TeO2, and V2O5, based on the total weight of the glass. The first and the second metal oxides are each selected from the group consisting of Y2O3, REO, MgO, TiO2, Cr2O3, CuO, NiO, Fe2O3, ZrO2, HfO2 and complex metal oxides thereof. At least a portion of the glass may be converted to crystals.

Abstract: A substantially alkaline resistant calcium-iron-phosphate (CFP) glass and methods of making and using thereof. In one application, the CFP glass is drawn into a fiber and dispersed in cement to produce glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) articles having the high compressive strength of concrete with the high impact, flexural and tensile strength associated with glass fibers.

Abstract: Thermal insulation is provided for use in applications requiring continuous resistance to temperatures of 1260° C. without reaction with alumino-silicate firebricks, the insulation comprises fibers having a composition in wt % 65%<SiO2<86% MgO<10% 14%<CaO<28% Al2O3<2% ZrO2<3% B2O3<5% P2O5<5% 72%<SiO2+ZrO2+B2O3+5*P2O5 95%<SiO2+CaO+MgO+Al2O3+ZrO2+B2O3+P2O5 Addition of elements selected from the group Sc, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y or mixtures thereof improves fiber quality and the strength of blankets made from the fibers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fiberglass loose-fill insulation that is insensitive to the content of boron in the composition of the glass. It has been discovered that the level of boron in the glass used for the manufacture of loose-fill glass wool can be substantially reduced without degrading thermal performance. The lowered amount of boron provides for a lower cost batch composition and increased furnace life. The glass composition of the present invention includes a substantially reduced content of boron and preferably an increased amount of sodium dioxide. The primary phase of these glass compositions is typically devitrite (Na2Ca3Si6O16). The glass of the present invention provides a glass fiber blowing wool that does not require an increase in pack density to compensate for the reduced boron content while achieving the similar thermal conductivity. The glass of the present invention is also suitable for use in acoustic insulation.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a mineral wool capable of dissolving in a physiological medium, which wool comprises the constituents below in the following percentages by weight: SiO2 39–44%, preferably 40–43% Al2O3 16–27%, preferably 16–26% CaO 6–20%, preferably 8–18% MgO 1–5%, preferably 1–4.9% Na2O 0–15%, preferably 2–12% K2O 0–15%, preferably 2–12% R2O (Na2O + K2O) 10–14.7%, preferably 10–13.5% P2O5 0–3%, especially 0–2% Fe2O3 (total iron) 1.5–15%, especially 3.2–8% B2O3 0–2%, preferably 0–1% TiO2 0–2%, preferably 0.4–1%.

Abstract: The properties of mineral fibres comprising silicon, magnesium, calcium, iron, aluminium and oxygen atoms are improved by exposure to a heat treatment under oxidising conditions which causes migration of MgO, thereby creating an outer layer with increased concentrations of MgO. Batts and other fibrous products containing the fibres have increased resistance to shrinkage and sintering.

Abstract: The glass fiber of the present invention is formed of the glass composition including 50 to 60% SiO2, 0.1 to 10% Al2O3, 20 to 45% MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO, 0.5 to 20% TiO2, 0.1 to 10% ZrO2, and 0 to 2% Li2O+Na2O+K2O in terms of mol %, in which a BaO/CaO mol ratio is from 0.3 to 1.6.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass reinforcement strands whose composition comprises the following constituents in the limits defined below, expressed as percentages by weight: SiO2 50-65%? Al2O3 12-20%? CaO 12-17%? MgO 6-12%? CaO/MgO ?2, preferably ?1.3 Li2O 0.1-0.8%, preferably ?0.6% BaO + SrO 0-3% B2O3 0-3% TiO2 0-3% Na2O + K2O <2%? F2 0-1% Fe2O3 ?<1%. These strands are made of a glass offering an excellent compromise between its mechanical properties, represented by the specific Young's modulus, and its melting and fiberizing conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bio-soluble inorganic fiber with high tensile strength, manufactured in a method comprising: heating and melting a raw material which includes, on a weight basis, 60 to 80 percent of SiO2, 5 to 20 percent of MgO, 5 to 30 percent of CaO, 0.5 to 5 of Al2O3, and 0.1 to 5 of BaO, at a temperature of 1800 to 2100 degrees Celsius; and exposing the melting material to an air flow for fiber forming.

Abstract: Glass reinforcement strand, the composition of which comprises the following constituents, within the limits defined below, expressed as percentages by weight: SiO2 50 to 60%, preferably SiO2 ? 52% and/or SiO2 ? 57%; Al2O3 10 to 19%, preferably Al2O3 ? 13% and/or Al2O3 ? 17%; B2O3 16 to 25%; ZrO2 0.5 to 1.5%; Na2O ?1.5%, preferably Na2O ? 0.8%; K2O ?1.5%, preferably K2O ? 0.8%; R2O ?2%, preferably R2O ? 1%; CaO ?10%; MgO ?10%; F 0 to 2%; TiO2 0 to 3%; RO 4 to 15%, preferably RO ? 6% and/or RO ? 10%; and Various ?3%, where R2O = Na2O + K2O + Li2O, and RO = CaO + MgO. The dielectric properties of such glass compositions are particularly advantageous in the MHz and GHz ranges.

Abstract: An insulating material 14 adapted for use in a high temperature environment for coating a turbine component is provided. The insulating material comprises a plurality of geometric shapes 18. The insulating material further comprises a binder for binding together the geometric shapes. A plurality of discontinuous fibers is added to the binder. The discontinuous fibers are adapted to controllably affect one or more properties of the insulating material. For example, non-fugitive chopped fibers 50 may be added to affect a tensile strength property of the insulating material, and fugitive chopped fibers 52 may be added to affect a density property of the insulating material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing nanofibers which use self-organization which has a process of placing silicon microcrystal grains comprising the same element as the substrate on the surface of a substrate, a process of heating the previously noted substrate in a vacuum until the surface of the substrate reaches a melting temperature whereby, the surface of the previously noted substrate is a crystal face and the method of manufacturing nanofibers causes numerous nanowires to grow due to elements supplied from the substrate in the previously noted heating process by causing surface segregation to occur in the crystal faces which placed microcrystal grains causing nanofiber having a stem shaped structure.

Abstract: A method for producing a glass wool molded product includes the steps of processing a glass material into fibers so as to obtain a glass wool, gathering such glass wools to form a glass wool mat, and subjecting the glass wool mat to press molding, wherein the above described press molding is carried out, while supplying water so that the water content of the above described glass wool mat becomes 0.1% to 7.0% by mass, and while maintaining a temperature between 250° C. and 450° C.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gas turbine engine component includes the steps of forming a ceramic workpiece having oriented ceramic reinforcement, and severing the ceramic workpiece to produce a ceramic member having a desired orientation of the ceramic reinforcement. The ceramic member is then attached to a turbine engine component as a thermal barrier layer for the turbine engine component.

Abstract: Thermal insulation is provided for use in applications requiring continuous resistance to temperatures of 1260° C. without reaction with alumino-silicate firebricks, the insulation comprises fibers having a composition in wt % 65%<SiO2<86%, MgO<10%, 14%<CaO<28%, Al2O3<2%, ZrO2<3%, B2O3<5%, P2O5<5%, 72%<SiO2+ZrO2+B2O3+5*P2O5, 95%<SiO2+CaO+MgO+Al2O3+ZrO2+B2O3+P2O5. Addition of elements selected from the group Sc, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y or mixtures thereof improves fiber quality and the strength of blankets made from the fibers.

Abstract: A temperature resistant vitreous inorganic fiber having a use temperature of up to at least 1000° C., or greater, having after service mechanical integrity, is non-durable (soluble) in physiological fluids, and is produced from a melt containing silica, magnesia, a lanthanide series element-containing compound, and optionally zirconia.

Abstract: A high temperature resistant vitreous inorganic fiber having a use temperature of up to at least 1000° C., or greater, having after service mechanical integrity, is non-durable (soluble) in physiological fluids, and is produced from a melt containing silica, magnesia, calcia, a lanthanide series element-containing compound, and optionally zirconia.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to fiberizable glass compositions comprising boron oxide at least one rare earth oxide in a molar ratio of rare earth oxide to boron oxide ranging from 0.01 to 0.33. Other embodiments of the present invention relate to methods of inhibiting boron volatization from glass compositions comprising boron oxide by adding a rare earth oxide to the glass composition before melting the glass compositions. Still other embodiments of the present invention relate to glass fibers formed from the fiberizable glass compositions of the present invention, and polymeric composites and printed circuit boards made therefrom.

Abstract: Reinforcing glass yarn, the composition of which comprises the following constituents, within the limits defined below, expressed in percentages by weight: SiO2 54.5 to 58% Al2O3 12 to 15.5% SiO2 + Al2O3 70 to 73% CaO 17 to 25% MgO 0 to 5% RO = CaO + MgO 21 to 28% R2O = Na2O + K2O + Li2O up to 2% TiO2 less than 1% Fe2O3 less than 0.5% B2O3 up to 3% F2 less than 1% and such that the ratio R1=Al2O3/CaO is less than 0.7, and when SiO2 is greater than 57% the amount of boron oxide B2O3 is greater than 2%.

Abstract: A glass composition improves the bio-solubility (solubility to physiological salt water), and is suitable for manufacturing inorganic fiber and a molded product of such inorganic fiber. The glass composition to be used for manufacturing inorganic fiber is characterized by containing SiO2 by 52 to 72 wt %, Al2O3 by less than 3 wt %, MgO by 0 to 7 wt %, CaO by 7.5 to 9.5 wt %, B2O3 by 0 to 12 wt, BaO by 0 to 4 wt %, SrO by 0 to 3.5 wt %, Na2O by 10 to 20.5 wt %, K2O by 0.5 to 4.0 wt % and P2O5 by 0 to 5 wt %. The raw material of the glass composition contains cathode ray tube glass and/or liquid crystal glass by 0 to 50 wt %.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass fiber, especially a continuous glass fiber, exhibiting improved thermal behavior. According to the invention, the glass fiber consists of SiO2 56.0 62.0%, Al2O3 11.0-15.0%, CaO 20.0-24.5%, TiO2 2.0 3.2%, MgO 0.2 0.4%, Na2O 0.05 0.2%, K2O 0 0.25%, Fe2O3 0.11 0.3%, SO3 0.01 0.05%. The retraction value of the fiber is less than 20% at 800° C. and/or less than 80% at 850°. The inventive fiber is produced according to a method wherein the difference between the glass melt liquidus temperature and the fiber formation temperature is the same as or great than 95° C. The fiber can be used as filling material in sound absorbers for waste gases, in the production of shaped bodies and in the production of nets, fabrics or knitted fabrics.

Abstract: A low viscosity E-glass composition including SiO2 in an amount ranging from 52-54 weight percent, Al2O3 in an amount ranging from 12-14 weight percent, F2 in an amount ranging from 0-1.0 weight percent, Fe2O3 in an amount ranging from 0 to 0.8 weight percent, Na2O in an amount ranging from 0-2.0 weight percent, K2O in an amount ranging from 0-2.0 weight percent, CaO in an amount ranging from 16-23 weight percent, MgO in an amount ranging from 0-3.0 weight percent, Li2O in an amount ranging from 0-3.0, TiO2 in an amount ranging from 0-1.5 weight percent, ZnO in an amount ranging from 0-4.0 weight percent, and B2O3 in an amount ranging from 8.0-10 weight percent is provided. The glass composition has a log 3 viscosity temperature between 1750 and 2150° F. and a ?T temperature greater than 50° F.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass fibres having a chemical composition that contains the following constituents in the limits defined hereafter and expressed in percentage by weight, namely: 38 to 49 SiO2; 15 to 25 Al2O3; 1 to 15 CaO; 0 to 4 MgO; 14 to 25 Na2O; 0 to 10 K2O; 0 to 8 B2O3; 0 to 3 Fe2O3; and 0 to 3 P2O5.

Abstract: Provided is a range of glass compositions and glass fiber products made therefrom that show a unique combination of properties for both discontinuous fiber manufacturing and end use service. The glass compositions are particularly useful in high volume, high throughput, economical processes such as rotary spinning.

Abstract: Glass compositions are provided that are useful in electronic applications, e.g., as reinforcements in printed circuit board substrates. Reduced dielectric constants are provided relative to E-glass, and fiber forming properties are provided that are more commercially practical than D-glass.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass reinforcement strands, the composition of which comprises the following constituents in the limits defined below, expressed as percentages by weight: 59 to 63% SiO2; 10 to 16% Al2O3; 16 to 23% CaO; 1 to 3.2% MgO; 0 to 2% Na2O+K2O+Li2O; 0 to 1% TiO2; 0.1 to 1.8% B2O3; 0 to 0.5% Li2O; 0 to 0.4% ZnO; 0 to 1% MnO; and 0 to 0.5% F. These strands have improved properties in terms of mechanical strength, acid resistance and high-temperature resistance for a low-cost composition. The invention also relates to a process for producing the said strands and to the composition allowing them to be produced.

Abstract: A glass fiber having a low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss tangent consists essentially of by weight, as a glass composition, 52 to 60% of SiO2, 11 to 16% of Al2O3, 20 to 30% of B2O3, and 4 to 8% of CaO, and substantially no MgO, substantially no Li2O, substantially no Na2O, substantially no K2O, and substantially no Ti2O. The glass fiber also may contain up to 2% F2 by weight. The glass fiber is ideal for use as reinforcement for printed wiring boards, and has excellent dielectric properties at frequencies of about 18 GHz or higher.

Abstract: A method for insulating an article requiring resistance against repeated exposure to temperatures exceeding 900° C. uses saline soluble, non-metallic, amorphous, inorganic oxide, refractory fibrous materials as thermal insulation. The compositions that can be used for that purpose include vitreous fibers based on SiO2, CaO, MgO, and optionally, A2O3.

Abstract: Improved glass fibers compositions, typically useful for fire resistant blankets or containers to provide high burn-through resistance at high temperatures of 2,400° F. and higher, and typically comprising silica, sodium oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, ferrous+ferric oxide, and titanium oxide; the improved glass compositions may further include alumina, lithium oxide, and boron oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are glass compositions and glass fibers formed from certain embodiments of the disclosed glass compositions. Certain embodiments of the glass compositions include, among other components, bismuth oxide. Certain embodiments of the glass composition include about 0.5–30% bismuth oxide of the composition by weight and silica oxide at about 54–70% of the composition by weight. Embodiments of the glass compositions may also include other components. For example, zinc oxide can make up about 0.01–5% of the composition by weight.

Abstract: Thermal insulation is provided for use in applications requiring continuous resistance to temperatures of 1260° C. without reaction with alumino-silicate firebricks, the insulation comprises fibers having a composition in wt % 65%<SiO2<86% MgO<10% 14%<CaO<28% Al2O3<2% ZrO2<3% B2O3<5% P2O5<5% 72%<SiO2+ZrO2+B2O3+5*P2O5 95%<SiO2+CaO+MgO+Al2O3+ZrO2+B2O3+P2O5 Addition of elements selected from the group Sc, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y or mixtures thereof improves fiber quality and the strength of blankets made from the fibers.

Abstract: Mathematical relationship for ingredients for fiber glass compositions are used to identify properties of the glass. In particular the forming temperature and delta T. In one embodiment, the mathematical relationship of the ingredients is of a generic quaternary SiO2, CaO, Al2O3 and MgO glass system. The relationship of SiO2, CaO, Al2O3 and MgO of interest include RO=CaO+MgO, SiO2/CaO, SiO2/RO, SiO2/Al2O3; Al2O3/CaO; SiO2+Al2O3; SiO2—RO and Al2O3/RO or RO/Al2O3 when other ingredients or components are added to the glass batch materials to alter the forming and/or liquidus temperatures of the glass, for example Na2O, Li2O, K2O and B2O3 the following mathematical relationships are of interest, (SiO2+Al2O3)/(R2O+RO+B2O3) where RO is as previously defined and R2O=Na2O+Li2O+K2O. Each of the compositional features of the glass identified above reflects the relative balance between the fluidity (i.e. viscosity) of the glass melt and its crystallization potential.

Abstract: Disclosed are glass compositions, glass fiber compositions, glass fiber battery separators, glass fiber filter media, battery additives and active materials formed with glass compositions disclosed, glass fiber radiation shields, and glass fiber paper compositions. Certain embodiments include, among other components, bismuth oxide. Certain embodiments include about 0.5–30% bismuth oxide of the composition by weight and silica oxide at about 54–70% of the composition by weight. Embodiments may also include other components. For example, zinc oxide can make up about 0.01–3% of the composition by weight.