Abstract: A method of preparing a nanosegregated Pt alloy having enhanced catalytic properties. The method includes providing a sample of Pt and one or more of a transition metal in a substantially inert environment, and annealing the sample in such an environment for a period of time and at a temperature profile to form a nanosegregated Pt alloy having a Pt-skin on a surface. The resulting alloy is characterized by a plurality of compositionally oscillatory atomic layers resulting in an advantageous electronic structure with enhanced catalytic properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lithium battery, comprising at least one lithium intercalation compound, made up of crystallites and obtained by a production method, comprising at least the following steps: formation of a homogeneous mixture of at least one precursor for the lithium intercalation compound with a given adjunct, chemically stable with relation to crystallites and designed to limit the growth of crystallites or crystallite precursors during the formation thereof, thermal treatment of the homogeneous mixture for the synthesis of the lithium intercalation compound in the form of crystallites and to give a composite material comprising at least two phases formed respectively by the lithium intercalation compound and the adjunct and forming of the composite material to give said electrode. The invention further relates to an electrode obtained by said method and lithium battery comprising such an electrode.

Abstract: To provide a production process of an electrode catalyst for fuel cell whose initial voltage is high and whose endurance characteristics, especially, whose voltage drop being caused by high-potential application is less. A production process according to the present invention of an electrode catalyst for fuel cell is characterized in that: it includes: a dispersing step of dispersing a conductive support in a solution; a loading step of dropping a platinum-salt solution, a base-metal-salt solution and an iridium-salt solution to the resulting dispersion liquid, thereby loading respective metallic salts on the conductive support as hydroxides under an alkaline condition; and an alloying step of heating the conductive support with metallic hydroxides loaded in a reducing atmosphere to reduce them, thereby alloying them.

Abstract: Electrode catalyst of carbon nitride nanotubes supported by platinum and ruthenium nanoparticles have been produced by a simple, rapid, effective and green process: taking use of the affinity of carbon nitride nanotubes to platinum and ruthenium atoms, Pt and Ru nanoparticles could be directly deposited on carbon nitride nanotubes by the reduction reaction, hereby avoiding the pre-activation or modification process needed by carbon nanotubes. The electrode catalysts produced in this way are suitable for proton exchange membrane fuel cells or direct methanol fuel cells, as well as other chemical reactions catalyzed by Pt and Ru.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrode comprising an electrically conductive material having a surface capable of producing surface enhanced Raman scattering of incident light from a complex adsorbed at the surface of the electrode, the complex including the electrically conductive material combined with a second material that is substantially reducible and not substantially oxidizable. The surface of the electrode can be microroughened. The invention also includes a method for making various embodiments of the electrode, and a method of generating electricity using the electrode. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a fuel cell is provided including the electrode of the invention.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for a fuel cell, a method of preparing the same, an electrode for a fuel cell including the supported catalyst, and a fuel cell including the electrode. The supported catalyst for the fuel cell includes a graphite based catalyst carrier; a first catalyst metal particle adsorbed on the surface of the graphite based catalyst carrier, wherein the amount of the first catalyst metal particle is at least 30 wt % based on the supported catalyst; and a second catalyst metal particle impregnated on the surface of the first catalyst metal particle. The supported catalyst for a fuel cell uses a graphite based catalyst carrier to increase durability of the fuel cell. Accordingly, the supported catalyst for the fuel cell provides superior energy density and fuel efficiency, by minimizing the loss of a metal catalyst impregnated in the graphite based catalyst carrier and regulating the amount of the impregnated metal catalyst.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell having comparable electrochemical activity as a platinum electrode catalyst but is much cheaper than the platinum electrode catalyst has a structure in which palladium and at least one metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of nickel, gold, iron, and silver, and combinations thereof, are supported on a tungsten carbide and carbon mesoporous composite support. A membrane electrode assembly and a fuel cell including the electrode catalyst also has comparable electrochemical activity as a platinum electrode catalyst but is also much cheaper than the platinum electrode catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst member can comprise nano-scale nickel particles. The catalyst member can be used for a plurality of different uses, for example, electrodes of a fuel cell or an electrolysis device. The nano-scale nickel particles can be sintered or combined in other manners to form the desired shape.

Abstract: A process including coating a fuel cell component using a coating solution including nanoparticles.

Abstract: Nanoparticle catalysts are manufactured by first preparing a solution of a solvent and a plurality of complexed catalyst atoms. Each of the complexed catalyst atoms has at least three organic ligands. The complexed catalyst atoms are reduced to form a plurality of nanoparticles. During formation of the nanoparticles, the organic ligands provide spacing between the catalyst atoms via steric hindrances and/or provide interactions with a support material. The spacing and interactions with the support material allow formation of small, stable, and uniform nanoparticles. The supported nanoparticle catalyst is then incorporated into a fuel cell electrode.

Abstract: A fuel cell is entirely fabricated on a single monocrystalline silicon substrate, and substantially overcomes leak proofing and wafer bonding difficulties and criticalities while ensuring an intrinsic sturdiness of the planarly integrated functional structure of the fuel cell. The integrated fuel cell is formed in an oxidized porous silicon region on a monocrystalline silicon substrate that is pervious to fluid flow and is electrically nonconductive with the monocrystalline silicon substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas diffusion electrode capable of sufficiently preventing not only degradation of MEA during storage but also degradation of initial characteristics and durability during the time period from production to initial use, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell including the gas diffusion electrode. The gas diffusion electrode includes a catalyst layer in which A1 representing a total mass of organic substance comprising alcohol, a partial oxide of the alcohol, a product of intramolecular dehydrogenation reaction of the alcohol, a product of intermolecular condensation reaction of the alcohol, a product of intermolecular condensation reaction between the alcohol and the partial oxide and a product of intermolecular condensation reaction of the partial oxide, E1 representing a total mass of carbon powder and G1 representing a total mass of cation exchange resin are controlled to satisfy {100×A1/(E1+G1)}?0.05.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrocatalytic coating and an electrode having the coating thereon, wherein the coating is a mixed metal oxide coating, preferably platinum group metal oxides with or without valve metal oxides, and containing a transition metal component such as palladium, rhodium or cobalt. The electrocatalytic coating can be used especially as an anode component of an electrolysis cell for the electrolysis of a halogen-containing solution wherein the palladium component reduces the operating potential of the anode and eliminates the necessity of a “break-in” period to obtain the lowest anode potential.

Abstract: The invention describes an electrode and an electrode coating which are based on a catalyst containing finely divided carbon modifications and noble metal (oxide)s.

Abstract: Ruthenium sulfide catalyst and gas diffusion electrodes incorporating the same for reduction of oxygen in industrial electrolyzers which catalyst is highly resistant to corrosion making it useful for oxygen-depolarized aqueous hydrochloric acid electrolysis.

Abstract: A method of making an anode for alkaline electrolysis cells includes adsorption of precursor material on a carbonaceous material, conversion of the precursor material to hydroxide form and conversion of precursor material from hydroxide form to oxy-hydroxide form within the alkaline electrolysis cell.

Abstract: An electrocatalyst including an active catalyst component and an additive including a transitional metal, transitional metal oxide or complex precursor thereof, products including such an electrocatalyst and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: According to at least one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell catalyst formed from a metallic alloy of one or more catalyst metals and one or more leachable metals through potential cycling to remove at least a portion of the leachable metals such that an effective catalytic surface area of the fuel cell catalyst per a given amount of the catalyst metals is enhanced after removal of the at least a portion of the one or more leachable metals.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making Ru—Se and Ru—Se—W catalyst. In the method, carrier is processed with strong acid and poured into first ethylene glycol solution. Ultra-sonication and high-speed stirring are conducted on the first ethylene glycol solution, thus forming carbon paste. The carbon paste is mixed with second ethylene glycol solution containing at least one nanometer catalyst precursor and an additive. High-speed stirring is conducted to form mixture. The mixture is heated so that Ru—Se catalyst is reduced. The mixture is filtered to separate the carrier. Then, the carrier is washed with de-ionized water. Conducting drying and hydrogen reduction are conducted to make the Ru—Se catalyst on the carrier.

Abstract: A supported catalyst includes a carbonaceous catalyst support and first metal-second metal alloy catalyst particles adsorbed on the surface of the carbonaceous catalyst support, wherein the difference between a D10 value and a D90 value is in the range of 0.1 to 10 nm, wherein the D10 value is a mean diameter of a randomly selected 10 wt % of the first metal-second metal alloy catalyst particles and the D90 value is a mean diameter of a randomly selected 90 wt % of the alloy catalyst particles. The supported catalyst has excellent membrane efficiency in electrodes for fuel cells due to uniform alloy composition of a catalyst particle and supported catalysts that do not agglomerate.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrode catalyst and a method for producing an electrode catalyst. The electrode catalyst is composed of: a metal compound comprising one or more metal elements selected from the group consisting of Groups 4A and 5A, and an oxygen atom; and a carbonaceous material covering at least part of the compound, wherein the electrode catalyst has a BET specific surface area of not less than 15 m2/g and not more than 500 m2/g and a carbon coverage of not less than 0.05 and not more than 0.5 as determined by the following equation (1): carbon coverage=carbon content (% by mass)/BET specific surface area (m2/g)??(1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polyazoles, a proton-conducting polymer membrane based on these polyazoles and its use as polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) for producing membrane-electrode units for PEM-fuel cells, and also other shaped bodies comprising such polyazoles.

Abstract: A carbon-supported platinum catalyst obtained by chemical reduction of in situ-formed platinum dioxide on a carbon support and a method of production thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of forming an electrocatalytic surface on an electrode in a simple way, in particular on a lead anode used in the electrolytic recovery of metals. The catalytic coating is formed by a spraying method which does not essentially alter the characteristics of the coating powder during spraying. Transition metal oxides are used as the coating material. After the spray coating the electrode is ready for use without further treatment. The invention also relates to an electrode onto which an electrocatalytic surface is formed.

Abstract: A catalyst layer for a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly includes a plurality of agglomerates, adjacent ones of the plurality of agglomerates contacting with each other with pores provided between said adjacent ones of the plurality of agglomerates, each of the plurality of agglomerates being formed by packing a plurality of catalysts each consisting of noble metal fine particles supported on a fiber-like support material, adjacent ones of the plurality of catalysts contacting with each other with pores provided between said adjacent ones of the plurality of catalysts, and each of the plurality of catalysts contacting with a plurality of catalysts other than said each catalyst at a plurality of contact points. This allows providing a catalyst layer, a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, and a fuel cell, each of which has compact size and excellent power generation performance, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: A method of depositing platinum onto a support is disclosed. This method is based on a combination of two processes: electrochemical and electroless deposition, using a chemical bath containing a platinum source and agents that trigger nucleation and buffer the solution. This method is capable of producing a catalyst having a gravimetric current density of at least approximately 0.8 mA/cm2 per ?g of platinum per cm2 at cell voltage of 0.9V/RHE for oxygen reduction reaction.

Abstract: To improve the utilization efficiency of a noble metal catalyst in a catalyst layer of an electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. A precursor material obtained by polymerizing a perfluoromonomer having a fluorosulfonyl group in the presence of noble metal catalyst fine particles supported carbon particles, a material for a catalyst layer obtained by converting the fluorosulfonyl groups of the precursor material to sulfonic acid groups, and a membrane/electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a catalyst layer using the material for a catalyst layer.

Abstract: A method of preparing a supported catalyst includes dissolving a cation exchange polymer in alcohol to prepare a solution containing cation exchange polymer; mixing the cation exchange polymer containing solution with a catalytic metal precursor or a solution containing catalytic metal precursor; heating the mixture after adjusting its pH to a predetermined range; adding a reducing agent to the resultant and stirring the solution to reduce the catalytic metal precursor; mixing the resultant with a catalyst support; adding a precipitating agent to the resultant to form precipitates; and filtering and drying the precipitates. The method of preparing a supported catalyst can provide a highly dispersed supported catalyst containing catalytic metal particles with a reduced average size regardless of the type of catalyst support, which provides better catalytic activity than conventional catalysts at the same loading amount of catalytic metal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a polymerelectrolyte membrane comprising the steps of coating a solution of a polymerelectrolyte on at least one surface of a porous substrate and laminating the coated porous substrate and a supporting material while applying a tension F (kg/cm) in a range of the following expression (A) 0.01?F?10??(A) to the coated porous substrate. According to the present invention, a polymerelectrolyte composite membrane in which wrinkling and the like are suppressed and whose appearance is excellent can be continuously produced.

Abstract: Provided is a solid ion conductor which can be used suitably for an electrochemical device or a hydrogen gas sensor. An electrochemical device wherein a pair of electrodes are formed in the state that a solid ion conductor is sandwiched therebetween, the conductor being obtained by subjecting, to curing treatment with ultraviolet rays, a mixture of a photocurable resin and an ionic liquid having one or more cationic moieties selected from imidazolium based ions, pyridinium based ions, aliphatic amine based ions, alicyclic amine based ions and aliphatic phosphonium ions, and having one or more anionic moieties selected from boric acid ions, triflate ions, halogen based ions, and phosphonate ions.

Abstract: A catalyst ink composition for a fuel cell electrode is provided. The catalyst ink composition includes a plurality of electrically conductive support particles; a catalyst formed from a finely divided precious metal, the catalyst supported by the conductive support particles; an ionomer; at least one solvent; and a reinforcing material configured to bridge and distribute stresses across the electrically conductive support particles of the ink composition upon a drying thereof. An electrode for a fuel cell and a method of fabricating the electrode with the catalyst ink composition are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode catalyst for electrochemical reaction, the electrode catalyst having: a conductive diamond particle having fine pores on a surface thereof; and a carbon-reactive catalyst metal in the fine pores, a process for producing the electrode catalyst, and an electrode.

Abstract: A method of making a nanostructured electrode comprising depositing a self-assembled monolayer on a substrate, depositing a catalyst nanoparticle covalently bonded to a ligand, and depositing a material capable of binding to the self-assembled monolayer. The method includes depositing on a conductive electrode substrate a catalytic nanoparticle stabilized by a covalently-bound ligand bearing a peripheral functional group and depositing a material capable of binding to the peripheral functional group, wherein the conductive electrode substrate is chemically modified to create a surface functional group capable of supporting multilayer deposition. The method can include covalent grafting of a functional group to create an initial layer of positive charge on the surface, depositing a platinum nanoparticle stabilized by negatively-charged ligands onto the functional group, and providing a polymer component.

Abstract: In a membrane-electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells comprising a polymer electrolyte membrane and two gas diffusion electrodes being bonded to the membrane so that the membrane can be between them, at least one catalyst layer constituting the gas diffusion electrodes characterized in that the ion-conductive binder comprises a block copolymer having a particle size of 1 ?m or less comprising a polymer block (A) having ion-conductive groups and a polymer block (B) having no ion-conductive group, both polymer blocks phase separate from each other, polymer block (A) forms a continuous phase, and the contact parts of the block copolymer with catalyst particles are comprised of polymer block (A) having ion-conductive groups; a membrane-electrode assembly and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

Abstract: A catalyst ink is provided, comprising: 25-95% by weight water; 1-50% by weight of at least one solid catalyst, typically a highly dispersed platinum catalyst; 1-50% by weight of at least one polymer electrolyte in acid (H+) form; and 1-50% by weight of at least one polar aprotic organic solvent. The catalyst ink typically has a viscosity at 1 sec?1 of 10 Pa·sec or less. The catalyst ink typically does not ignite spontaneously when dried to completion in air at a temperature of 80° C. or greater. The catalyst ink may be used in the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies for use in fuel cells.

Abstract: Alloy catalysts have the formula of PtiIrjXk, wherein X represents an element from the group consisting of Ti, Mn, Co, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zr, Zn, and Fe. These catalysts can be used as electrocatalysts in fuel cells.

Abstract: Alloy catalysts have the formula of PtXRh, wherein X represents one or two elements from the group consisting of Ti, Mn, Co, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zr, Zn, Fe, Ru, Pd, Re, Os, Ir, and Au. These catalysts can be used as electrocatalysts in fuel cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode for a fuel cell including a catalyst layer that includes a catalyst portion containing a plurality of first catalyst particles dispersed in an ionomer binder resin; and an ionomer portion containing a plurality of second catalyst particles dispersed in an ionomer binder resin, and having a lower concentration of catalyst particles than the catalyst portion, wherein the ionomer portion has a shape of a wall or plural pillars in the catalyst portion. The electrode for a fuel cell according to the present invention has a separate ionomer portion in the catalyst layer, and thus has excellent ion conductivity in an electrode layer and the remarkably improved reaction surface area to enhance the performance of the fuel cell.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to nanowire structures and interconnected nanowire networks comprising such structures, as well as methods for their production. The nanowire structures comprise a nanowire core, a carbon-based layer, and in additional embodiments, carbon-based structures such as nanographitic plates consisting of graphenes formed on the nanowire cores, interconnecting the nanowire structures in the networks. The networks are porous structures that can be formed into membranes or particles. The nanowire structures and the networks formed using them are useful in catalyst and electrode applications, including fuel cells, as well as field emission devices, support substrates and chromatographic applications.

Abstract: A cathode for a fuel cell includes a gas diffusion layer contacting with a separator having a channel and a catalyst layer interposed between the gas diffusion layer and an electrolyte membrane. The catalyst layer of the cathode has two portions with different water-repelling properties, and a portion of the catalyst layer that does not face a channel has a higher water-repelling property than a portion that faces a channel. This cathode controls water-repelling property of the catalyst layer differently according to locations, so it is possible to keep an amount of moisture in an electrode in a suitable way and to restrain generation of flooding, thereby improving the performance of the cell.

Abstract: A fuel cell electrode having excellent power generation capability which includes a catalyst layer, a gas diffusion layer and a water-repellent layer interposed therebetween. The water-repellent layer has a uniform thickness. One surface of the water-repellent layer is bonded to the catalyst layer. The other surface of the water-repellent layer faces the gas diffusion layer. The catalyst layer and the water-repellent layer are in intimate contact with each other and have substantially no interstice therebetween.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell module involves the steps of co-sintering the respective fuel electrodes, and the respective electrolytes, subsequently forming a dense interconnector out of a dense interconnector material, or an interconnector material which turns dense by sintering in at least parts of the solid oxide fuel cell module, in contact with the respective fuel electrodes, and the respective electrolyte, and forming an air electrode on the respective electrolytes before electrically connecting the respective electrodes with the respective first parts of the interconnectors electrically connecting the respective electrodes with the respective first parts of the respective interconnectors via respective second parts of the interconnectors which have a density less than the respective first parts.

Abstract: A process for production of conductive catalyst particles, a process for production of a catalyst electrode capable of gas diffusion, an apparatus for production of conductive catalyst particles, and a vibrating apparatus. The process can effectively and uniformly coat the particles of a conductive powder with a catalytic substance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a highly dispersed supported platinum catalyst, which comprises the step of adding a reducing agent to a mixture of a platinum precursor and a carbon support, wherein the reducing agent is prepared by mixing ethylene glycol and sodium borohydride.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing metal nanoparticles by mixing a metal precursor with a solvent to prepare a mixed solution, and radiating the mixed solution with an ion beam to reduce the metal precursor and produce the metal nanoparticles. In addition, when metal nanoparticles are prepared by using an ion beam, uniform-sized metal nanoparticles can be mass produced.

Abstract: A fuel cell of the present invention comprises a cathode and an anode, one or both of the anode and the cathode including a catalyst comprising a bundle of longitudinally aligned graphitic carbon nanotubes including a catalytically active transition metal incorporated longitudinally and atomically distributed throughout the graphitic carbon walls of said nanotubes. The nanotubes also include nitrogen atoms and/or ions chemically bonded to the graphitic carbon and to the transition metal. Preferably, the transition metal comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, and Cr.

Abstract: A catalyst ink is provided, comprising: 25-95% by weight water; 1-50% by weight of at least one solid catalyst, typically a highly dispersed platinum catalyst; 1-50% by weight of at least one polymer electrolyte in acid (H+) form; and 1-50% by weight of at least one polar aprotic organic solvent. The catalyst ink typically has a viscosity at 1 sec?1 of 10 Pa·sec or less. The catalyst ink typically does not ignite spontaneously when dried to completion in air at a temperature of 80° C. or greater. The catalyst ink may be used in the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies for use in fuel cells.

Abstract: A hybrid catalyst is disclosed, which has a structure of Pt/oxygen-donor/carbon-nanotube. The hybrid catalyst has a superior electrochemical characteristic and high carbon monoxide conversion efficiency even in a low reacting temperature, and thus is useful at detoxification of carbon monoxide. Besides, the oxygen-donor utilized in the present invention is cheap and is commercially reachable, therefore the hybrid catalyst of the present invention is advantageous in commercial usage. Also, a method of fabricating the above hybrid catalyst and a fuel cell comprising the above hybrid catalyst are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing an electrode for fuel cells which can manufacture an electrode having superior electric power generation characteristics by enlarging the contact area of a polymer electrolyte with catalyst particles to increase the area of the three-phase interface, resulting in improvement of availability of the catalyst particle surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing electrode catalyst materials for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), and particularly to a high-performance platinum-non-platinum mixed electrode catalyst (Pt—RuOs/C) having a physically mixed structure of RuOs alloy and platinum materials, which is prepared by adding a small amount of platinum (Pt) to RuOs alloy materials highly dispersed on a carbon support, where the amount of platinum used is drastically reduced as compared to the conventional platinum materials, thus lowering the manufacturing cost.