Abstract: The invention is directed toward anionic polymerization employing lithio amines mixed with an organic alkali metal compound and optionally, a chelating reagent. The lithio amines have the general formula (A)Li(SOL).sub.y, where SOL is a solubilizing component, A is an alkyl, dialkyl, cycloalkyl or dicycloalkyl amine radical or a cyclic amine, and y is 0 or is from about 0.5 to about 3. The invention is also directed toward polymers and other products made using the initiator, and methods therefor. Further, the invention contemplates a polymer, a polymer composition and products therefrom, which include a functional group from the reaction product of an amine and an organolithium compound. The resulting polymers may be terminated with a terminating, coupling or linking agent, which may provide the polymer with a multifunctionality.

Abstract: A vanadium-containing catalyst system particularly suited to the polymerization of olefin polymers. The catalyst system includes a supported, first catalyst component prepared by contacting silica with hexaalkyldisilazane and thereupon with (1) a compound or complex which includes at least one carbon to magnesium covalent bond and (2) a compound which includes at least one carbon to Group 13 metal covalent bond. The sequence of contact of the silica with compound or complex (1) and compound (2) is optional. However, unless the compound or complex (1) and the compound (2) contact the silica simultaneously, the product of this contact is next contacted with whichever of compound (1) or (2) does not initially contact the silica. The product of the step of contacting with compounds (1) and (2) is washed and then contacted with a vanadium compound which includes at least one halogen atom. Finally, the product of the vanadium compound contacting step is contacted with an alcohol.

Abstract: There are disclosed a catalyst for producing an aromatic vinyl compound-based polymer composition which catalyst comprises (A) at least two different transition metal compounds each having one .pi.-ligand and (B) an ionic compound comprising a noncoordinate anion and a cation and/or an aluminoxane, and (C) a Lewis acid to be used as the case may be; and a process for producing an aromatic vinyl compound-based polymer composition having a high degree of syndiotactic configuration in its aromatic vinyl chains which process comprises polymerizing an (a) aromatic vinyl compound and (b) an olefinic compound and/or a diolefinic compound in the presence of the above catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel bidentate pyridine transition metal catalyst having the general formula ##STR1## where Y is O, S, NR, ##STR2## each R is independently selected from hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, each R' is independently selected from C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.6 to C.sub.16 aryl, halogen, or CF.sub.3, M is titanium, zirconium, or hafnium, each X is independently selected from halogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxy, or ##STR3## L is X, cyclopentadienyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl substituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, or ##STR4## and "n" is 1 to 4. Also disclosed is a method of making a poly-.alpha.-olefin comprising polymerizing an .alpha.-olefin monomer using that catalyst or a catalyst that has the general formula ##STR5## where Y, M, L, X, and R' were previously defined.

Abstract: The subject invention discloses a technique for controlling the molecular weight of synthetic polymers which are made by anionic polymerization. This invention is based upon the discovery that the molecular weight of diene polymers made by anionic polymerization utilizing organolithium initiators can be reduced by conducting the polymerization in the presence of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel. The present invention more specifically discloses a process for producing a polymer of controlled molecular weight by anionic polymerization, said process comprising initiating the anionic polymerization of at least one conjugated diolefin monomer with an organolithium compound, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel. This technique is particularly useful in synthesizing liquid polymers but can also be used to reduce the molecular weight of rubbery polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed in an olefin polymerization catalyst comprising a transition metal compound having at least two transition metals in which at least one of said metals is bonded to a ligand having a cyclopentadienyl skeleton, at least one of said metals is selected from Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and lanthanoid metals and at least on of the others is selected from the specific transition metals; and an organoaluminum oxy-compound or an organoboron compound. Corresponding to the kind of the metal combined with said metal selected from Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and lanthanoid metals, the olefin polymerization catalyst exhibit a property to give polymers having a wide molecular weight distribution in spite of the catalyst system using one kind of a transition metal compound, or to give polymers having high molecular weight and be excellent in the polymerization activity at low polymerization temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to ferrocenyldiphosphine ligands containing a silylene group, ferrocenyldiphosphines bound to inorganic or polymeric organic supports by this silylene group, their preparation and also their metal complexes with transition metals such as rhodium or iridium. The invention also relates to the use of these complexes for hydrogenating organic double or triple bonds, in particular olefinic double bonds and carbon-heteroatom double bonds. The complexes are particularly suitable for enantioselective hydrogenation using chiral diphosphines and prochiral unsaturated compounds.The preparation of these immobilized ferrocenyldiphosphines has only been made possible by the provision of correspondingly functionalized ferrocenyldiphosphines. These compounds and their preparation are likewise novel.Accordingly, the invention also provides compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by from 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for use in a polycondensation reaction for making poly(ethylene terephthalate) from terephthalic acid comprising: (a) an antimony salt catalyst present in a range from about 10 to about 1,000 ppm; (b) a metal salt catalyst of at least one of cobalt, magnesium, zinc, manganese, calcium, and lead, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; and (c) an alkali metal acetate, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; all amounts are based on the metallic elements relative to the theoretical yield of the poly(ethylene terephthalate), by weight, to be made from the terephthalic acid. The catalyst composition was found to have increased the reaction rate in the production of poly(ethylene terephthalate), as well as improved the color of the produced product, by reducing the degree of yellowness in the final poly(ethylene terephthalate) product. Attenuation of the yellowish color indicates a reduction in the amount of undesired side reaction product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel transition metal compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein M is a transition metal, X is halogen or the like, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.2 is an aryl group substituted with a halogenated hydrocarbon group, and Y is a divalent silicon-containing group or the like.Also disclosed are an olefin polymerization catalyst component comprising the transition metal compound, an olefin polymerization catalyst comprising the olefin polymerization catalyst component, and a process for olefin polymerization using the olefin polymerization catalyst.An olefin polymerization catalyst component having high polymerization activity can be formed from the transition metal compound. By the use of the olefin polymerization catalyst or the process for olefin polymerization, polyolefins having a high melting point and a high molecular weight can be prepared with high polymerization activity.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for use in a polycondensation reaction for making poly(ethylene terephthalate) from terephthalic acid comprising: (a) an antimony salt catalyst present in a range from about 10 to about 1,000 ppm; (b) a metal salt catalyst of at least one of cobalt, magnesium, zinc, manganese, calcium, and lead, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; and (c) a phosphorus salt co-catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal phosphites, alkali metal hypophosphites and alkali metal polyphosphates, present in a range from about 10 to about 500 ppm; all amounts are based on the metallic or phosphorus element relative to the theoretical yield of the poly(ethylene terephthalate), by weight, to be made from the terephthalic acid.

Abstract: This invention is directed to novel catalysts the structure and activity of which can be controlled to produce a wide range of alpha olefin polymers and co-polymers, and preferably for the production of stereoblock poly alpha olefins comprising a wide range of preselected amorphous and crystalline segments for precise control of the physical properties thereof, principally elastomeric thermoplastic properties. More specifically, this invention is directed to novel catalysts and catalysts systems for producing stereoblock polypropylene comprising alternating isotactic and atactic diastereosequences, which result in a wide range of elastomeric properties. The amount and numbers of crystalline sections, the isotactic pentad content, the number and length of intermediate atactic chains and overall molecular weight are all controllable by the steric structure of the catalysts and the process conditions.

Abstract: A catalyst active in the polymerization of alpha-olefins is formed by:(a) a bis(cyclopentadienyl) bis(amide) derivative of an element of Group IVB of the Periodic Table of the Elements, to be defined by means of the formula: ##STR1## wherein M represents a metal of Group IVB, each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, and Cp have the same meaning as reported in the disclosure, and(b) an aluminoxane co-catalyst.This catalyst finds use in the processes of ethylene and other alpha-olefins polymerization and copolymerization.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for use in the preparation of poly(butylene terephthalate) from dimethyl terephthalate, comprising: (a) a titanium compound primary catalyst, from about 0.01 PHR to about 1 PHR; and (b) an alkali metal phosphate or alkali metal phosphite co-catalyst, from about 0.001 PHR to about 1 PHR; wherein PHR represents parts of the primary catalyst or the co-catalyst per one hundred parts, by weight, of dimethyl terephthalate. Preferred titanium compounds include tetrabutyl titanate or tetra(isopropyl) titanate; the alkali metal phosphate can be a phosphate salt containing one, two, or three metal groups; and the alkali metal phosphite can be a phosphite salt containing one or two metal groups. With this catalyst composition, the transesterification rate was increased by 10 percent or more. Furthermore, the reaction product poly(butylene terephthalate) shows an increased intrinsic viscosity over those without the co-catalyst, indicating a greater degree of polymerization.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mono- or di-amido siladiyl bridged composition of matter useful as a catalyst component for the homo or copolymerization of olefins.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising a transition metal-containing polymerization catalyst and a solid organoaluminoxy product produced by contacting a solution of an organoaluminoxane with an organic borane compound which is free of acidic hydrogen. The use of the catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins is also included.

Abstract: The present invention provides a powder catalyst composition for producing by gas-phase polymerization olefin polymers having excellent polymer qualities and good particle properties in a high yield.The powder catalyst composition comprises fine particles of the following Component (B) coated with the following Component (A), and is characterized in that the ratio of the Component (A) to the Component (B) based on percent by weight ranges from 5:50 to 95:50: Component (A): an inorganic compound in the form of fine particles having an average particle diameter of 0,003-1 .mu.m and mainly comprising an inorganic oxide, and Component (B): a solution or dispersion in a hydrocarbon of the following Sub-components (i) and (ii): Sub-component (i): a compound of a transition metal belonging to the IVB group of the Periodic Table, and Sub-component (ii): an alumoxane, a Lewis acid, or an ionic compound which can convert the Sub-component (i) upon reaction therewith into a cation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of cyclic organometallic compounds as components in coordination catalyst systems, to corresponding coordination catalyst systems and also to processes for the preparation of polymers by coordination polymerization and of unsaturated hydrocarbons by catalyzed metathesis of alkenes and alkynes using such coordination catalyst systems.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a supported cyclopentadiene-type compound comprising contacting a cyclopentadiene-type compound containing an active halogen with an inorganic support having surface hydroxyl group. Also there is provided a method of preparing a supported metallocene comprising reacting the supported cyclopentadiene-type compound with a transition metal compound under suitable conditions. There is also provided a process for producing bridged cyclopentadiene-type ligands having a bridge having branch that has a terminal vinyl group. Also metallocenes of these ligands are provided. Still further there is provided a process for producing bridged cyclopentadiene-type ligands having a bridge having a branch that has a terminal active halogen. The resulting new ligands and supported metallocenes produced therefrom are also provided.

Abstract: Inorganic oxides, modified with a metal alkyl and an unsaturated hydrocarbon, can be used to support a metal source, such as, for example, chromium, and a pyrrole-containing compound. The resultant catalyst system can be used to trimerize olefins. Olefin trimerization processes are also provided.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention there is provided a new solid aluminoxy composition prepared by reacting aluminoxane with a boroxine. Still further there is provided olefin polymerization catalyst systems incorporating the inventive solid aluminoxy composition. Still further, there is provided processes of polymerization using the inventive solid aluminoxy composition.

Abstract: A polymer supported catalyst comprises Ziegler-Natta catalysts immobilized on a magnesium-modified polymer support. The catalyst support is prepared by (1) dissolving a carboxyl group-containing polymer in a solvent and precipitating the polymer in a polar non-solvent, (2) wet-grinding the precipitated polymer, and (3) mixing the ground polymer with an organomagnesium compound or a complex of an organomagnesium compound and an organoaluminum compound to give a magnesium-modified polymer support. Optionally, the resulting magnesium-modified support is treated with a halogen-containing silicon compound. The catalysts may be loaded onto the support by reacting the magnesium-modified support with a transition metal compound to form a catalyst constituent, and then combining the catalyst constituent with an appropriate organo-metallic compound.

Abstract: A composition is provided comprising a metallocene having the formula of: ##STR1## wherein each Z can be the same or different hydrocarbyl radical selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, tetrahydroindenyl, fluorenyl, and mixtures thereof; each X can be the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, R, OR, NR.sub.2, PR.sub.2, or OQ, or mixtures thereof wherein the R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl radical and Q is an inorganic moiety selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, clay, phosphated alumina, and mixtures thereof; each Y can be the same or different and is an alkyl group, hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, or mixtures thereof; E is selected from C, Sn, Si, Ge, B, Al, N, or P; M is a metal selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, V, or La; m is a number sufficient to fill out the valences of metal M; and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward artionic polymerization employing lithio amines mixed with an organic alkali metal compound and optionally, a chelating reagent. The lithio amines have the general formula (A)Li(SOL)y, where SOL is a solubilizing component, A is an alkyl, dialkyl, cycloalkyl or dicycloalkyl amine radical or a cyclic amine, and y is 0 or is from about 0.5 to about 3. The invention is also directed toward polymers and other products made using the initiator, and methods therefor. Further, the invention contemplates a polymer, a polymer composition and products therefrom, which include a functional group from the reaction product of an amine and an organolithium compound. The resulting polymers may be terminated with a terminating, coupling or linking agent, which may provide the polymer with a multifunctionality.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a new solid aluminoxy composition prepared by reacting an organoaluminoxane with a compound having borane functionality. Still further, there is provided olefin polymerization catalyst systems incorporating the inventive solid aluminoxy composition. Still further, there is provided processes for the polymerization of olefins using the inventive solid aluminoxy composition.

Abstract: The catalyst of the invention is useful in preparing high density polymers of controlled molecular weight distribution.A supported alpha-olefin polymerization catalyst composition of this invention is prepared in a multi-step process. In the first step, a mixture of a solid, porous carrier having reactive --OH groups and a non-polar solvent is contacted with at least one organomagnesium compound of the formulaR.sub.m Mg R'.sub.n (I)where R and R' are the same or different C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups, m and n are each 0, 1 or 2, providing that m+n equals the valence of Mg. Subsequently, the mixture of the first step is contacted with 1-butanol.

Abstract: An improved allyl alcohol hydroformylation process and catalyst are disclosed. The process uses a catalyst system comprising a Group VIII metal carbonyl complex catalyst, a trisubstituted phosphine, a neutral Group VIII(a) metal complex cocatalyst, and optionally, a diphosphinoalkane. The process uniquely gives an enhanced linear:branched aldehyde product ratio.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing olefins is disclosed which makes use of a catalyst comprising a cyclopentadienyl yttrium halide alkali metal electron donor complex in combination with a cocatalyst comprising an alkali or alkaline earth metal alkyl. Preferred embodiments include the use of hydrogen during the polymerization.

Abstract: This invention concerns a catalyst system comprising at least one homogeneous catalyst and at least one heterogeneous catalyst, specifically, a metallocene catalyst and a conventional Ziegler-Natta catalyst, respectively. This invention is useful in the polymerization of any polymer in which separate polymerizations with a homogeneous catalyst and with a heterogeneous catalyst are possible, but preferably, polymerization of olefins, more preferably, .alpha.-olefins, and, most preferably, propylene. This invention provides a catalyst system which facilitates use of a homogeneous catalyst but eliminates the disadvantages of such a system. This invention produces a polymer with molecular weight distribution (MWD) as broad or broader than the MWD of the heterogeneous catalyst alone. Hydrogen can be used to control molecular weight distribution of a polymer produced with this invention.

Abstract: A process is provided comprising contacting a hydrocarbyl lithium with an alkali metal hydrocarbyloxide in the presence of propylene. Optionally, a catalytic support is used during said contacting. Optionally, at least one other alpha-olefin is present during said contacting.In another embodiment a process is provided comprising: (a) contacting a hydrocarbyl lithium with an alkali metal hydrocarbyloxide in the presence of propylene; and thereafter (b) recovering an allyl alkali metal compound; and thereafter (c) contacting said allyl alkali metal compound with at least one alpha-olefin. Optionally, a catalytic support is also used during steps a, b, and c.

Abstract: Liquid telechelic polymers are made from dienes and are produced via anionic polymerization. While having low molecular weight, for example less than 15,000, the telechelic polymers are generally gel-free, have high amounts of trans-1,4 structure, low vinyl unsaturation and low bulk viscosities. The liquid telechelic polymers are made utilizing a trimetallic initiator comprised of (1) an organopolylithium compound and (2) a complex of a trialiphatic substituted aluminum compound or derivative thereof and a barium salt of an aromatic alcohol.

Abstract: An immobile (heterogeneous) metallocene catalyst component which can advantageously be used for olefin polymerization is obtained by homopolymerization of appropriately substituted (vinyl group-containing) metallocenes of group IVb of the periodic table or by copolymerization of such metallocenes with (di)vinyl-aromatic compounds.

Abstract: This invention concerns an improved process for preparing a hydrocarbon soluble dialkylmagnesium compound by reacting a dialkylmagnesium-magnesium chloride composition in an inert hydrocarbon solvent with a chemical selected from an alkali metal alkyl compound and an alkali metal trialkylmagnesiate compound and dialkylmagnesium compounds of the formulaMgR.sub.a R.sup.1.sub.b R.sup.2.sub.c R.sup.3.sub.d R.sup.4.sub.ewherein a+b+c+d=2, R is a 2-alkylsubstituted primary alkyl group and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrocarbyl groups which may be the same or different.

Abstract: Linear alternating polymers of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon, useful as premium thermoplastics, are produced by contacting the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon reactants under polymerization conditions in the presence of a catalyst complex of hydrocarbylpalladium halide and a bidentate ligand of phosphorus. The catalyst complex is produced by contacting a complex of palladium dihalide and the bidentate phosphorus ligand with a tetrahydrocarbyltin.

Abstract: A catalyst for addition polymerization comprising:(a) an (initiator) first component of Formula (I):MX(Y.sub.n)Z.sub.p (I)whereinM is Si, Ge or Sn;n is O or an integer, and p is an integer such that (n+p)=3;X is a radical ##STR1## where Q and Q.sup.1 are each independently N, P or As;Q.sup.2 is O, S, NR or PR where R is C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.1 is H or optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together are optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbadiyl;all such R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 being inert in the process conditions of the present invention;Y is A or OA where A is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl inert in the process conditions of the present invention, or trialkylsilylalkyl; andZ is independently any group as definedd for Y, or an organic polymer radical comprising further MXY.sub.n moieties; orp is 2 andZ.sub.2 is a group Z.sup.1 .sub.2 of the formula --OSiR.sup.5 R.sup.8 O-- where R.sup.5, R.sup.

Abstract: A metathesis catalyst activator composition consisting essentially of an alkoxyalkylaluminum halide and a tin compound in a molar ratio of about 0.15 to 2 moles of the alkoxyalkylaluminum halide per mole of tin compound.

Abstract: A highly active anionic polymerization catalyst prepares butadiene polymers having a high 1,4-trans-dienyl content, the catalyst containing an organolithium compound, a barium, strontium or calcium compound, and trialkylaluminum compounds having at least 13 carbon atoms per molecule.

Abstract: Preparation of ethylene copolymers from ethylene and polar and/or non-polar comonomers in the presence of selected nickel-containing catalysts.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization catalysts, and methods for their preparation, comprising a metallocene and the reaction product of a hydrocarbylaluminum with a trihydrocarbylboroxine. The catalyst may be homogeneous or supported.

Abstract: Trans-1,4-polybutadiene is a thermoplastic resin rather than a rubber at room temperature by virtue of its high degree of crystallinity. Because trans-1,4-polybutadiene contain many double bonds in its backbone, it can be blended and cocured with rubbers. It is accordingly an attractive alternative to conventional fillers such as carbon black, which are typically utilized in compounding rubber. By utilizing the catalyst system and techniques of this invention, trans-1,4-polybutadiene can be synthesized at a high level of conversion. This invention specifically relates to a process for the synthesis of trans-1,4-polybutadiene by an anionic polymerization process which comprises: (a) adding an alkali metal trialkylmagnesiate and an alkali metal alkoxide as a catalyst system to a polymerization medium containing 1,3-butadiene monomer and an organic solvent; and (b) allowing the 1,3-butadiene monomer to polymerize at a temperature which is within the range of about -10.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A highly active anionic polymerization catalyst prepares butadiene polymers having a high 1,4-trans-dienyl content, the catalyst containing an organolithium compound, a barium, strontium or calcium compound, and trialkylaluminum compounds having at least 13 carbon atoms per molecule.

Abstract: A catalyst for addition polymerisation comprising(a) an (initiator) first component of formula (I):M(X.sub.m)(Y.sub.n)Zp (I)whereinM is Si, Ge or Snm and p are each an integer and n is 0 or an integer such that (m+n+p)=4;X is QR.sup.1 R2.sup.2 where Q is N, P, As or P(=T)G.D where T is O or S and G and D are each independently a bond, O or S and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently optionally substituted hydrocarbyl or together are optionally substituted hydrocarbadiyl which are inert in the process conditions of the present invention, or, when Q is P(=T)G.D as hereinbefore defined, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently M(Y.sub.n)Z.sub.p as hereinbefore defined.Y is independently any group as defined for X, or any group selected from a group OA where A is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl inert in the process conditions of the present invention, or trialkylsilylalkyl;Z is independently any group as defined for Y, or an organic polymer radical comprising further M(Y.sub.n)Z.sub.

Abstract: Liquid, highly active photoinitiators are obtained by dissolving a solid photoinitiator of a titanocene type in liquid photoinitiators of the type of the .alpha.-hydroxy- or .alpha.-amino-acetophenones or in a liquid mixture of an .alpha.-hydroxy- or .alpha.-aminoacetophenone photocuring agent with one or more other photoinitiators.

Abstract: Polymers of pyrrole or copolymers of pyrrole are obtained having high surface area and low conductivity. Such polymers and copolymers are useful in forming catalysts.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for polymerizing a conjugated diene which comprises the following (a), (b) and (c) components:(a) an organolithium-aluminum compound represented by the formula:LiAlR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4(b) an organobarium-aluminum compound represented by the formula:Ba(AlR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4).sub.2 or Ba[AlR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 (OR.sup.4)].sub.2(c) a lithium alkoxide represented by the formula:LiOR.sup.5The conjugated diene polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene alone or in combination with other monomer with the above catalyst composition in an inert organic solvent has a high trans-1,4 bond content, a low vinyl bond content and a low cis-1,4 bond content.

Abstract: Ruthenium cobalt- or cobalt-containing catalysts which have been promoted with phosphonites or phosphinites effectively catalyze the dealkoxyhydroxymethylation of aldehyde acetals to form glycol monoethers. Methylal, for example, may be reacted with syngas, i.e., CO and H.sub.2, in the presence of these phosphonite- or phosphinite-promoted cobalt or ruthenium- cobalt catalysts to form the monomethyl ether of ethylene glycol. In a like manner acetaldehyde may be converted to the corresponding propylene glycol monoether. The process may advantageously be carried out with high yields and selectivities in the presence of a polar or non-polar organic solvent in combination with the catalyst system of this invention.The invention is also directed to the phosphonite- or phosphinite-promoted cobalt and ruthenium-cobalt catalyst systems per se.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of oxo-alkanedioic acids or diesters thereof by reacting an alkenoic acid or an ester thereof, at least one of the C atoms of the carbon carbon double bond carrying a H atom, with CO and H.sub.2 in the presence of a catalytic system prepared by combining:a. Pd and/or a Pd compound,b. a compound containing an anion of an acid having a pKa of less than 2, except hydrohalogenic acid and carboxylic acids, andc. a bidentate ligandR.sup.1 R.sup.2 --M--R--M--R.sup.3 R.sup.4wherein M is P, As or Sb, R is a divalent organic bridging group having at least two C atoms in the bridge, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are optionally substituted hydrocarbon groups.

Abstract: Lewis acids such as triphenyl borate, triphenylborane and aluminum isopropoxide are employed to inhibit or control the formation of linear polycarbonates from cyclic polycarbonate oligomers. Inhibition of polymerization initiated by impurities in the cyclics is noted. When polymerization is effected by basic polycarbonate formation catalysts, the Lewis acids can act as reaction rate accelerators or inhibitors depending on reaction parameters.

Abstract: Catalysts containing tin complexes such as dibutyltin bis(acetylacetonate), useful as curing catalysts for room temperature vulcanizable compositions, are prepared by the reaction of a dialkyltin oxide with a dione and a polyalkoxysilane at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree.-80.degree. C. At least 2 moles of dione and preferably at least 2 moles of polyalkoxysilane are employed per gram-atom of tin. The polyalkoxysilane removes water of reaction, driving the reaction to completion.

Abstract: The viscosity of hydrocarbon solutions of dialkylmagnesium compounds is reduced by including as the viscosity reducing agent a nitrogen-containing compound which is a piperidine substituted with a hydrocarbyl group (preferably a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.9 aryl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl group) at the 2-position and optionally further substituted, triethylamine, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, or N-N-dimethylformamide, or a mixture of two or more of these nitrogen-containing compounds. The viscosity reducing agent may be used as such or in the form of a substance produced by reacting such a nitrogen-containing compound with magnesium or with a dialkylmagnesium compound. The viscosity reducing agent may be used alone, or in a mixture with an organoaluminum viscosity reducing agent.

Abstract: Preparation of ethylene copolymers from ethylene and polar and/or non-polar comonomers in the presence of selected nickel-containing catalysts.