Abstract: The porosity of a porous silica body is increased in a controlled manner by contacting the body with an effective amount of ammonium bifluoride.

Abstract: A product for performing tasks of absorbing and containing oils and liquids, being a sack of nonwoven textile, fully enclosed, containing absorbent material which is rice hull ash, a waste product of a co-generation plant.Advantages of product are two fold: a waste material is used as a component and can be used to pick up and contain hazardous waste spills.

Abstract: A particulate porous material suitable for use as a high surface area column packing material comprises particles substantially all of which are not smaller than 5 micrometers and not larger than 1 millimeter in diameter, and each particle is in the form of a substantially cellular body and consists predominantly of an open, three-dimensional matrix of crystals of mullite which define between them interconnecting pores having a width in the range of from 5 nanometers to about 2 micrometers. The particles can be coated with a reactive layer. There is also disclosed a process for producing the particulate porous material wherein a particulate product comprising particles substantially all of which are between 5 micrometers and 1 millimeter in diameter and consisting predominantly of a mixture of mullite crystals and silica is treated with a concentrated aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide at a temperature of at least 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A chemically modified and activated, hydroxyl-group-containing, natural or synthetic, polymeric solid body surface is disclosed, as well as a process for the activation of such solid body surfaces by means of organo-silanes and, if necessary, homo- or heterobifunctional reagent. The surfaces are used for the stable, simple and economical binding of proteins, nucleic acids, low-molecular ligands, cells, microorganisms and other biological materials, in biology, biotechnology and medicine.

Abstract: The invention provides a synthetic, calcined metal-oxide-silica adsorbent of which at least 40% of its surface area is contained in pores with radius of at least 2 nm. The invention further provides a process for refining oil, wherein the oil is treated with the adsorbent as a bleaching solid. The adsorbent can be regenerated by calcination without substantial loss of activity.

Abstract: A mass for removal through chemical sorption of oxygen and water vapor and their reactive hydrides consists of a heat-resistant oxidic carrier having a large surface area and is doped with a component that is activated with molecular oxygen at from 300.degree. C. to 600.degree. C. and afterwards is treated with a reducing gas at a temperature between 200.degree. C. and below the activation temperature. Before being used as a chemical sorption agent the mass is additionally treated with a reactable gaseous hydride.

Abstract: This invention provides a sustained release composite composition which consists of an inorganic oxide glass monolith with a microporous volume that contains a volatile organic component and a nonvolatile organic component.In one embodiment the invention provides an article of jewelry which contains an invention composite with a gem-like appearance and a sustained release fragrance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite body comprising amorphous and porous silica or silica-alumina and a layer of an aluminum-containing phylosilicate formed on surfaces of primary particles of the silica or silica-alumina. This composite phylosilicate is obtained by reacting a water-soluble silicate, a water-soluble zinc salt or magnesium salt and a water-soluble aluminum salt or aluminate in an aqueous medium containing a sol or gel of silica or silica-alumina. This composite phylosilicate has a large specific surface area and a large pore volume and has both the properties of a solid acid and the properties of a solid base.

Abstract: Improved noncatalytic nonreactive alumina-silica solid for removing carbonaceous and metallic contaminants including nickel and vanadium from hydrocarbon feedstock by short term, high temperature contact comprises mullite and crystalline silica. In the decarbonizing and demetallizing process, impurities are deposited on the particles of the solid and the major portion of the feedstock is vaporized. After burning carbonaceous deposit from the particles, the hot particles containing nickel and vanadium are recycled into contact with incoming charges of contaminated feedstock. Periodically metals are removed from coke-depleted particles by extraction with a mineral acid at elevated temperature without dissolving or otherwise destroying the alumina-silica particles. The particles are then reintroduced into the system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making an ion exchange material. A ceramic material is ion implanted with sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, or nitrogen, which is oxidized to sulfate, carboxylate or carbonate, phosphate, or nitrate, respectively, or the nitrogen is reduced to amine amide. Alternatively, a mixture of ceramic powder and a binder containing sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, or nitrogen is heated in a nonoxidizing atmosphere to a temperature up to 1000.degree. C. The sulfur is then oxidized to sulfate, the carbon to carboxylate or carbonate, phosphorus to phosphate, and nitrogen to nitrate, or the nitrogen is reduced to amine or amide. Also disclosed is an ion exchange material made by these methods and a method of treating acidic aqueous solutions containing dissolved radioactive materials by passing them through an ion exchange column containing the ion exchange material.

Abstract: A chromatographic packing useful for the separation of oligonucleotides is disclosed. The packing includes an insert porous support particle and a silane bonded phase comprising a weak anion exchange group in close proximity to at least one polar non-ionic group.

Abstract: In the new shaped articles a hollow space or a lumpy inorganic base material is surrounded by a porous silica-containing layer. They can be prepared by applying silica sol or a mixture containing water, silica sol and/or waterglass and, if appropriate, finely pulverulent water-insoluble silica and/or porosity producing agents to a lumpy base material, and, if use is made of organic base materials, then removing these organic base materials by heating. The new shaped articles can be used as support material for catalysts or, if the layer containing the porous silica contains catalytically active substances, as catalysts.

Abstract: The invention concerns new compounds for making a hydrophilic surface lipophilic. The compounds have the general formula ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are independently chlorine, fluorine, bromine, alkoxy with not more than 6 carbon atoms, NH, --NH.sub.2, --NH.sub.2 ', wherein R' is alkyl with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, --SH, --CN, --N.sub.3 or hydrogen, and R.sup.1 is ##STR2## wherein each of the S-substituents, S.sub.1, S.sub.2, S.sub.3, S.sub.4 and S.sub.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, methoxy, ethoxy, and cyano, provided that at least one of the S-substituents is other than hydrogen and when there is a methyl or methoxy S-substituent then (i) at least two of the S-substituents are other than hydrogen, (ii) two adjacent S-substituents form with the phenyl nucleus a naphtalene or anthracene group, or three adjacent S-substituents form together with the phenyl nucleus a pyrene group, and X is the group --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: A bidentate silane containing at least two silicon atoms bridged by certain groups, arranged to form at least a seven member ring system, is formed between the bidentate silane and the atoms to which the silane is covalently attached on the substrate surface.

Abstract: Adsorbents for polar organic compounds can be prepared by reacting 5-80% of an organic ammonium compound with 20-95% of a crystalline alkali metal phyllosilicate belonging to the group comprising phyllosilicates of the formulaMe.sub.2 Si.sub.x O.sub.2x+1.yH.sub.2 Oin which Me denotes an alkali metal ion or a proton, x denotes a number greater than 7, in particular from 7.5 to 23, and y denotes a number smaller than 7x. These organophilic phyllosilicic acids are capable of binding considerable amounts of organic compounds, such as, for example, fats or softeners. They are, therefore, excellently suitable for use as additives for enhancing the washing action in detergents or as a depot for organic compounds.

Abstract: A liquid containing radioactive ions is purified (decontaminated) by contacting the same with an inorganic ion exchange composition having ion exchange sites which can be occupied by the radioactive ions from the liquid. The ion exchange composition is a mixture of an ion exchange medium and an additive which is relatively inert to the ion exchange process and which is a sintering aid for the ion exchange medium designed to lower the sintering temperature of the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange composition may be disposed within a suitable container (e.g., cannister), e.g., made of 304L stainless steel or Inconel 601 and the ion exchange process may be carried out in such container. Alternatively, the ion exchange medium can be employed without being previously admixed with the additive. The additive, if desired, can be admixed at a later stage with the contaminated medium.

Abstract: There is disclosed a non-carbohydrate sulfated matrix and the use thereof to isolate and purify blood clotting factors and other blood proteins by a procedure involving the adsorption of at least one of such factors and proteins onto the non-carbohydrate sulfated matrix followed by elution of such factors and proteins onto the non-carbohydrate sulfated matrix followed by elution of such factors and proteins from the matrix.

Abstract: A high porosity silicocalcareous mass is obtained by using in at least partial replacement of the usual silica, amorphous ultrafine synthetic silica particles having a specific surface between 150 and 300 m.sup.2 per gram, and a high absorption capacity, and optionally adding nonreactive synthetic fiber of either inorganic or organic origin to the mixture containing the particles. The high-porosity silicocalcareous mass can be used as a lining material for containers, which are intended for storing liquified or dissolved gases and also as an insulation material, such as sound insulation in building construction.

Abstract: A stable, free-flowing particulate adjunct suitable for use in particulate detergent compositions consists essentially of a liquid, viscous liquid, oily or waxy adjunct absorbed into a granular zeolite material of a particle size distribution of between 50 to 500 .mu.m and having a bulk density of about 450 to 600 g/l. Suitable adjuncts are nonionic surfactants, silicones, waxes and hydrocarbons, fabric softening compounds and perfumes.Use of said particulate free-flowing adjuncts in particulate detergent compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to unique stable support structures comprising substrates coated with sterically-protecting monofunctional silanes. This structure consists of an appropriate reactive solid to which a monofunctional silane is covalently bonded that contains at least two sterically-protecting groups attached to the silicon atom of the silane.

Abstract: Moldings are described which are composed of a silicic acid with a layer structure, or salts thereof with the general formula (H,M).sub.2 Si.sub.y O.sub.2y+1, or the corresponding hydrates, M representing lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium and y being 1.7 to 24. They can be prepared for example by extruding pulverulent layer silicic acids, or salts thereof with the general formula (H,M).sub.2 Si.sub.y O.sub.2y+1, or the corresponding hydrates, M representing lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium and y being 1.7 to 24, to produce cylindrical blanks, if appropriate after moistening with water or an organic solvent, and then drying the blanks, or by introducing the same starting materials into a mold, as dry or moist powders, converting them to moldings with the application of pressure and, if appropriate, drying the moldings.

Abstract: Used frying oils are regenerated and made suitable for reuse by treating the used oils with a composition consisting of a mixture of activated clay or magnesium silicate with a gel-derived alumina. The treating composition contains from about 15% by weight to about 75% by weight gel-derived alumina, balance activated clay or magnesium silicate. Treatment with the composition significantly reduces the free fatty acid content of the used oil with simultaneous improvement in color and other important properties thus resulting in a purified oil of substantially extended service life.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal ion exchanger with increased absorption and regeneration capabilities that comprises treating an ionically inert porous support with a solution of metal oxychloride. Said metal oxychloride precipitates within the pores of the support and bonds thereto regardless of the pH of the system. The ion exchanger is then used as a medium through which sea water or other brine solutions are passed and inorganic ions and trace organics selectively absorbed. The ion exchanger is easily regenerated after absorption through treatment with sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid and can be reused immediately.

Abstract: A sulfur sorbent for use in reducing the emissions of sulfur oxides from regenerators of cyclic catalytic cracking units comprises a rare earth component or mixture of rare earth components in combination with a porous, inorganic refractory oxide component. The rare earth components used as a portion of the sorbent are preferably derived from the mineral bastnaesite by treating the bastnaesite to remove at least 50 weight percent of its fluorine, calculated as the element. The activity of the sulfur sorbent for removing sulfur oxides during catalytic cracking processes is increased to unexpectedly high levels by including in the composition cobalt or other transition metal component comprising an element selected from Group IB, Group IIB Group IVA, Group VA, Group VIA, Group VIIA, and Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Abstract: An air cleaning material for use in air filters comprises a porous substrate which contains zinc oxide with a metal salt. The salt advantageously comprises a metal chloride. The porous substrate advantageously comprises activated carbon or a silica gel, molecular sieves or activated alumina may serve as the substrate.

Abstract: Sulfonic derivatives of N-acylated covalently bound, non-crosslinked polyethyleneimine bonded phase silicas of the formula: ##STR1## is the backbone of a silica gel or controlled pore glass, n is an integer such that the polyethyleneiminopropyl silane group has an average molecular weight of from about 400 to about 1800; q is an integer of zero or one; R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --(CH.sub.2).sub.x H or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m COOH where x is an integer of 1 or 2 and m is an integer of zero or 1; when R is hydrogen or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x H then R.sup.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.p COOH where p is an integer of zero or 1, and when R is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m COOH then R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or --(CH.sub.2).sub.y H where y is an integer of zero or 1, are especially useful as solid phases for the purification and separation of proteins having isoelectric points of below about 5.

Abstract: A process for removing metal species from solution comprising passing the liquid over a composition comprising a support such as a porous silicate glass or silica gel or charcoal having interconnected pores and containing water soluble amine complexing agents absorbed on the support capable of forming a stable complex with the metal species. The preferred amine complexing agent is triethylenetetramine. The process is especially useful for removing radioactive cobalt from liquid waste streams.

Abstract: A composition comprising a support such as a porous silicate glass or silica gel or charcoal having interconnected pores and containing heavy metal cations of mercury, thallium, silver, platinum, palladium, lead or copper capable of forming a stable complex with an anion bonded to the support. The preferred heavy metal cation is a mercury cation. The composition is especially useful for removing radioactive iodine from liquid and gaseous waste streams.

Abstract: Absorbent material comprising clay mineral particles, the particles comprising compacted masses of relatively smaller particles is found to have high absorbency which may be further increased by the use of additives such as silicates, pyrophosphates, swelling clays, polysaccharides or polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Preferred are smectites, attapulgite or sepiolite preferably in the form of particles in below 1.4 mm, preferably below 710 microns in the size range compacted into larger particles in the 710 micron to 4 mm size range. The absorbent particles are suitable for use as pet litter.

Abstract: A bonded phase silica product of the formula: ##STR1## in which ##STR2## is the backbone of a silica gel or controlled pore glass, X is selected from --O--, --S--, ##STR3## each R and R.sup.1 are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and --CH.sub.2).sub.m COOR.sup.3, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer of from 2 to 5, p is zero or one and m is an integer of from 1 to 4, is suitable for use in solid phase extraction for cleanup of urine samples for analysis of cannabinoids.

Abstract: This invention relates to a molecular sieve comprising silicalite in a phosphorus modified alumina matrix, the precursor of the molecular sieve comprising silicalite powder dispersed in an alumina hydrosol commingled with a phosphorus containing compound, the phosphorus to aluminum molar ratio in the molecular sieve being from 1:1 to 1:100.

Abstract: Fire-resistant expansion joint apparatus of a type having opposed base connectors secured to movable structures defining an expansion void therebetween, and a fire barrier assembly slidingly maintained between said base connectors with a saturated adsorbent contained within the barrier assembly that releases coolant liquid by a wicking process into cooling chambers formed within said base connectors during application of high heat condition.

Abstract: Silica-based chromatographic and reactive materials are disclosed with surfaces modified to contain or to be coated with oxides, hydrous oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or silicates of aluminum, iron, or other suitable metals such as zirconium or titanium. The materials exhibit good resistance to dissolution and resulting loss of activity or clogging. This good resistance is particularly evident even in the high pH region (above 8-9) and in the high temperature region (above 35.degree. C.) where the dissolution rates and solubilities of aluminosilicates and of trivalent iron oxides are much smaller than those of silica.

Abstract: The reaction product of silica gel or controlled pore glass and carboalkoxyalkyl silanes are suitable for use as packing in solid phase extraction columns for cleanup of urine samples for analysis of cannabinoids.

Abstract: This invention relates to a preparation process of desulfurizing and denitrating agents for an off-gas produced upon combustion of a fuel such as coal or heavy oil.The agent can be obtained by providing as first raw material(s) one or more materials capable of yielding calcium oxide and calcium sulfate, providing as second raw material(s) one or more materials capable of yielding silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, mixing the first raw material(s) or a mixture of the first raw material(s) and either fractional or whole portion(s) of the second raw material(s) with water, subjecting the resultant aqueous mixture to wet-air aging at room temperature or to steam aging, and optionally subjecting the thus-aged mixture further to a heat treatment at a temperature of 30.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: Clay convertible by thermal treatment into crystalline mullite and silica is formed into green coherent bodies of desired size and shape such as, for example, microspheres, pellets or honeycombs. The bodies are then calcined to convert the clay into a mixture of crystalline mullite and silica, thereby also hardening the bodies. Without destroying the form of the bodies, e.g., without grinding and without causing the bodies to decrepitate, pores in the size range of about 150 to 350 A are formed by selectively leaching silica from the bodies. The porous mullite bodies retain porosity at elevated temperatures and are useful, for example, as catalyst supports and contact materials. Pore structure in the meso- (100-600 A diameter) and macro- (600-20,000 A diameter) size ranges may be controlled.

Abstract: A liquid containing radioactive ions is purified (decontaminated) by contacting the same with an inorganic ion exchange composition having ion exchange sites which can be occupied by the radioactive ions from the liquid. The ion exchange composition is a mixture of an ion exchange medium and an additive which is relatively inert to the ion exchange process and which is a sintering aid for the ion exchange medium designed to lower the sintering temperature of the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange composition may be disposed within a suitable container (e.g., cannister), e.g., made of 304L stainless steel or Inconel 601 and the ion exchange process may be carried out in such container. Alternatively, the ion exchange medium can be employed without being previously admixed with the additive. The additive, if desired, can be admixed at a later stage with the contaminated medium.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of adsorbent clay mineral particles comprises first selecting clay mineral particles smaller than 2 millimeter in size, drying the clay mineral particles to a moisture content not exceeding 15% by weight and mixing the dried particles with from 0.2% to 5% by weight of a water dispersible colloid in water to form a mixture having a final moisture content not exceeding 15% by weight. The mixture is compacted in a press and the compacted material broken into masses of particles larger in size than the selected clay mineral particles and in the 710 micron to 4 millimeter size range. The product of the process is useful for example as a litter.

Abstract: This invention sets forth a molecular sieve comprising silicalite in a silica matrix the precursor of said molecular sieve comprising silicalite powder dispersed in colloidal amorphous silica, said precursor having been gelled and then treated in a manner effecting substantially complete elimination of hydroxyl groups on said molecular sieve along with a method of manufacturing the sieve.

Abstract: The reaction product of silica gel or controlled pore glass and polyethyleniminopropyl trimethoxy silane suitable for use as chromatographic column packing.

Abstract: A packing material for chromatographic use comprising an inorganic carrier having hydroxyl groups at the surface thereof having grafted thereon an organosilane derivative selected from the group consisting of a urea derivative obtained by reacting an optically active isocyanate with an aminoalkylsilane, an N-carbomoyl amino acid derivative obtained by reacting an optically active amino acid carbamoylated by isocyanate with an aminoalkylsilane and an O-carbamoyl hydroxy acid derivative obtained by reacting an optically active hydroxy acid carbamoylated by isocyanate with an aminoalkylsilane is disclosed. This packing material is useful as a packing material for liquid chromatography analysis which comprises separating and analyzing an enantiomer mixture of a compound having an --OH group, a --CONH-- group, ##STR1## a --COO-- group, an --NHCOO-- group, an --NHCONH-- group or ##STR2## bonded to an asymmetric carbon atom thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for the preparation of alumina or silica-alumina catalyst carriers which comprises blending a precursor of alumina or silica-alumina carriers with polytetrafluoroethylene resin particles, warming the blend and subjecting the same to a compression and shearing operation in a blender, followed by drying and baking.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with production and use of high surface area particulate matter by calcining a charge of clay mineral, feldspar, zeolite, coal ash, fly ash, pozzolan or volcanic ash for a time to develop fractures which increase the surface area of the particles. Vacuum calcining decreases the calcining time. The calcined matter desirably has an analysis including: calcium oxide, about 20-40 weight %; aluminum oxide, about 15-35 weight %; and silicon oxide, about 20-40 weight %.The calcined particulate matter can be used in the treatment of impure aqueous materials; the matter is denser than water and sludge settles rapidly and completely. The calcined matter interacts with heavy metal ions to form tightly bound sludge that is nonhazardous for landfill disposal. The calcined matter can be combined with conventual coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, or activated carbon to obtain a multipurpose treating agent.

Abstract: Treatment of the blood by means of a blood purification device comprising packed, substantially spherical, smooth-surfaced, porous granules having at least 0.1 .mu.mole/m.sup.2 of the silanol group on the surface thereof, a blood inlet and a blood outlet scarcely causes decrease in leukocyte or platelet count or blood cell damage and can remove proteins from the blood by adsorption without high pressure loss.