Abstract: A method as described in the title comprising deflecting the gas from the distributor through nozzles therein through an angle in the range of 30.degree. to 75.degree. for decreased erosion in the nozzles by solids drawn therein and for reduced required power consumption. A new gas distributor with nozzles mounted therein is disclosed.

Abstract: A regenerator control system is disclosed which is particularly useful in connection with combustion promoted cracking catalysts. The air flow is controlled responsive to the temperature in the dilute phase, first in a direct mode when the amount of combustibles on the catalyst is at or above a set point and second in accordance with a reverse mode when the amount of combustibles is below such a set point. This versatile control system allows a safe operation of a regenerator under a variety of conditions.

Abstract: A process and associated apparatus for the cooling of hot fluidized solid particles. The particles flow from a first dense phase fluidized bed into the shell side of a vertically oriented shell and tube heat exchanger where cooling occurs via indirect heat exchange with a cooling medium circulating in the tubes. The extent of cooling is controlled by the varying of the heat transfer coefficient between the tubes and particles in the heat exchanger which are maintained as a second dense phase fluidized bed. The coefficient is varied by varying the quantity of fluidizing gas to the fluidized bed in the heat exchanger. The particles flow freely to and from the first and second dense phase fluidized beds through which the particles recirculate and are backmixed. The process has particular applicability to a combustive regeneration process and most particular applicability to the FCC process.

Abstract: A process and associated apparatus for the cooling of hot fluidized solid particles. The particles flow from a dense phase fluidized bed into the shell side of a vertically oriented shell and tube heat exchanger where cooling occurs via indirect heat exchange with a cooling media circulating in the tubes. The extent of cooling is controlled by the varying of the heat transfer coefficient between the tubes and particles in the heat exchanger which are maintained as a dense phase fluidized bed. The coefficient is varied by varying a combination of the variables comprising the quantity of fluidizing gas to the fluidized bed in the heat exchanger and the quantity of particle flow through that bed. The process has particular applicability to a combustive regeneration process and most particular applicability to the FCC process.

Abstract: An apparatus for regenerating coke-contaminated fluid catalyst is disclosed which comprises a vertical combustion chamber, an inlet to said chamber for spent catalyst and regeneration gas, a heat removal chamber located superadjacent to the combustion chamber and in communication therewith, heat removal means disposed within the heat removal chamber, a catalyst withdrawal conduit connected at one end to the heat removal chamber for withdrawing regenerated fluid catalyst from the heat removal chamber, and a catalyst recycle conduit connecting the withdrawal conduit with the lower portion of the combustion chamber, such that regenerated fluid catalyst can pass from the heat removal chamber to the combustion chamber. There may also be a means and control system for manipulating the extent of immersion of the heat removal means.

Abstract: A method for maintaining a desired catalyst regeneration temperature in a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating with complete combustion of coke to carbon dioxide when the coke content of the spent catalyst supplied to the regeneration zone from the reaction zone is insufficient to maintain the temperature in the regeneration zone necessary for complete combustion of coke to carbon dioxide in which residual liquid hydrocarbon from the cracking reaction zone is introduced into contact with partially spent cracking catalyst at cracking reaction temperature effecting conversion of said residue to volatile reaction products and additional coke deposit on the spent catalyst in an amount sufficient to maintain the temperature in the regeneration zone necessary for complete combustion of coke to carbon dioxide and substantially complete removal of carbon from the catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst regeneration process and apparatus for the oxidative removal of coke from a coke contaminated fluid catalyst. The process comprises a high temperature coke combustion zone, a catalyst disengagement zone and an external heat removal zone comprising a shell and tube heat exchanger. Catalyst is cooled by passing it through the shell side of the heat exchanger with a cooling medium through the tube side. A mixture of coke contaminated catalyst, oxygen containing gas, and cool regenerated catalyst from the heat removal zone are contacted in the high temperature combustion zone, the temperature of which is controlled by adjusting the rate at which fluidizing gas is passed to the bottom portion of the shell of the heat exchanger which varies the degree of turbulence of the fluidized bed in the shell side and thus the heat transfer coefficient at the outside surface of the tubes which in turn varies the quantity of heat transferred to the cooling medium in the tubes.

Abstract: The concentration of sulfur trioxides in an FCC unit regenerator is maintained within environmentally accepted limits, while maintaining an adequate amount of gas for fluidizing conditions in the regenerator, by admixing the regenerator oxygen-containing gas with an inert gas. The quantity of the inert gas is controlled by a control loop measuring the pressure drop in the regenerator, and adjusting the amount of the inert gas to maintain the pressure drop within the predetermined limits.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks and regeneration of coked catalyst resulting from the hydrocarbon conversion reaction in which the catalyst regeneration is carried out in a combination of dense phase fluidized bed, an entrained phase regeneration zone and a second dense phase fluidized bed and the hydrocarbon conversion reaction is carried out in a high velocity short contact time dilute phase reaction zone wherein the reaction time and temperature and the regenerator temperature may be separately varied to provide and maintain optimum conversion conditions.

Abstract: In a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process and apparatus, the heat balance between the reactor and the regenerator of the FCC operation is partially uncoupled by transferring at least a portion of thermal energy from the reactor vessel downflow riser to the regenerator vessel. The transfer of thermal energy results in a higher regenerating temperature. The thermal energy is recirculated to the upstream section of the downflow reactor riser through a regenerated catalyst having higher temperature. Consequently, the outlet of the reactor vessel is maintained at a substantially constant temperature (e.g., 1000.degree. F.) and the rate of conversion of the oil feed and the octane number of gasoline produced in the process are increased.