Metal Contaminant Removal Patents (Class 502/516)
  • Patent number: 8986635
    Abstract: Methods are disclosed for reducing or preventing a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst disposed on a first substrate monolith in an exhaust system of a lean-burn internal combustion engine from becoming poisoned with platinum group metal (PGM) which may volatilize from a catalyst composition comprising PGM disposed on at least one second substrate monolith upstream of the SCR catalyst. The methods comprise adsorbing volatilized PGM in at least one PGM trapping material, which is disposed on a third substrate monolith disposed between the first substrate monolith and the second substrate monolith.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 6, 2014
    Date of Patent: March 24, 2015
    Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company
    Inventors: Philip Gerald Blakeman, Sougato Chatterjee, Andrew Francis Chiffey, Jane Gast, Paul Richard Phillips, Raj Rao Rajaram, Andrew Peter Walker
  • Patent number: 8822364
    Abstract: An example method includes determining that a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) component having a zeolite-based catalyst is contaminated with platinum (Pt). The method further includes elevating the temperature of the SCR component to at least 600° C. in response to the determining the catalytic component is contaminated with Pt, and maintaining the elevated temperature of the catalytic component for a predetermined time period thereby restoring reduction activity of the catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 19, 2012
    Date of Patent: September 2, 2014
    Assignee: Cummins Inc.
    Inventors: Xu Chen, Krishna Kamasamudram, Neal W. Currier, Aleksey Yezerets
  • Patent number: 8754004
    Abstract: A method of constructing a phosphorous adsorbing structure includes creating a design model that indicates a percentage of phosphorous removed from a water supply per an amount of a predetermined adsorbent exposed to the water supply based upon an original concentration of phosphorous in the water supply and a retention time of water in the adsorbing structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 16, 2012
    Date of Patent: June 17, 2014
    Assignee: The Board of Regents for Oklahoma State University
    Inventor: Chad J. Penn
  • Patent number: 8652849
    Abstract: This invention relates to a composite material that comprises a support member that has a plurality of pores extending through the support member and, located in the pores of the support member, and filling the pores of the support member, a macroporous cross-linked gel. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the composite material described above, and to its use. The composite material is suitable, for example, for separation of substances, for example by filtration or adsorption, including chromatography, for use as a support in synthesis or for use as a support for cell growth.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 14, 2008
    Date of Patent: February 18, 2014
    Assignee: Natrix Separations Inc.
    Inventors: Ronald F. Childs, Carlos Filipe, Raja Ghosh, Alicja M. Mika, Jinsheng Zhou, Elena N. Komkova, Marcus Y. Kim, Tapan K. Dey
  • Patent number: 8551431
    Abstract: A method for modifying the properties of a sorbent comprising washing a sorbent with a washing solution so as to achieve an exchange of ions between the sorbent and the washing solution, and applying a halogen compound to the sorbent that has been washed with the washing solution to achieve a predetermined concentration of the halogen on the sorbent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 2013
    Date of Patent: October 8, 2013
    Assignee: Cabot Corporation
    Inventors: Patton Adams, Dennis O. Rester, Misty Williams
  • Patent number: 8513157
    Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fluid purification device that has a deactivation resistant photocatalyst having nanocrystallites of less than 14 nanometers (nm) in diameter with at least 200 m2 surface area/cm3 of skeletal volume in cylindrical pores of 5 nm in diameter or larger, with the mode of the pore size distribution 10 nm or more.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 2011
    Date of Patent: August 20, 2013
    Assignee: Carrier Corporation
    Inventors: Thomas Henry Vanderspurt, Treese Hugener-Campbell, Norberto O. Lemcoff, Stephen O. Hay, Wayde R. Schmidt, Joseph J. Sangiovanni, Zissis A. Dardas, Di Wei
  • Patent number: 8425867
    Abstract: Disclosed are oxalate sorbent compositions, methods for their manufacture, and methods for removing mercury species from waste streams employing oxalate sorbent compositions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 15, 2011
    Date of Patent: April 23, 2013
    Assignee: Empire Technology Development LLC
    Inventor: Seth Adrian Miller
  • Patent number: 8163668
    Abstract: The invention provides an inorganic electrolyte setting agent capable of blocking hazardous heavy metals almost permanently and further usable as resources, based on the geological balance of elements, and a treating method for utilization as resources using the same. There is provided an inorganic electrolyte setting agent capable of rendering heavy metal ions nonhazardous, including an aqueous solution as a main agent mixed with A below and also at least one of B and C below: (A) sulfuric acid, (B) at least one of aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum sulfate, (C) at least one of polyferric sulfate and ferric chloride; and an aqueous solution as a concomitant agent mixed with D below: (D) at least one of potassium silicate and sodium silicate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 17, 2006
    Date of Patent: April 24, 2012
    Inventors: Yukio Yanagimoto, Kayohiko Tanimoto
  • Patent number: 7998893
    Abstract: The invention relates to a conversion process for making olefin(s) using a molecular sieve catalyst composition. More specifically, the invention is directed to a process for converting a feedstock comprising an oxygenate in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst composition, wherein the air feed to the catalyst regenerator is free of or substantially free of metal salts. The air feed is preferably purified by passage through a rotary adsorbent contactor or adsorbent wheel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 2, 2007
    Date of Patent: August 16, 2011
    Assignee: UOP LLC
    Inventor: Peter R. Pujado
  • Patent number: 7902100
    Abstract: The invention relates to a conversion process for making olefin(s) using a molecular sieve catalyst composition. More specifically, the invention is directed to a process for converting a feedstock comprising an oxygenate in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst composition, wherein the air feed to the catalyst regenerator is free of or substantially free of metal salts.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 2, 2007
    Date of Patent: March 8, 2011
    Assignee: UOP LLC
    Inventor: Peter R. Pujado
  • Patent number: 7901567
    Abstract: A process for capturing organometallic impurities comprising at least one of a heavy metal, silicon, phosphorus, and arsenic, contained in a hydrocarbon feed comprising contacting the feed with a capture mass comprising at least one of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) deposited on a porous support at least one of aluminas, silica, silica-aluminas, and titanium, or magnesium oxides used alone or as a mixture with alumina or silica-alumina, the metallic element being in the sulphide form with a degree of sulphurization of at least 60%, and in which the feed to be treated is a catalytically cracked gasoline containing 5% to 60% by weight of olefins, 50 ppm to 6000 ppm by weight of sulphur and traces of arsenic in amounts in the range 10 ppb to 1000 ppb by weight.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 4, 2005
    Date of Patent: March 8, 2011
    Assignee: IFP Energies Nouvelles
    Inventors: Vincent Coupard, Christophe Bouchy, Florent Picard
  • Patent number: 7744763
    Abstract: A composition comprising a vanadium oxide compound and an alkali metal promoter loaded onto a porous support material is disclosed. Methods of making and using the composition to remove heavy metals or heavy metal containing compounds from a fluid stream are also provided. Such methods are particularly useful in the removal of mercury and mercury compounds from flue gas streams produced from the combustion of hydrocarbon-containing materials such as coal and petroleum fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 17, 2008
    Date of Patent: June 29, 2010
    Assignee: ConocoPhillips Company
    Inventors: Joseph B. Cross, Glenn W. Dodwell, Marvin M. Johnson, Edward L. Sughrue, II, Jianhua Yao
  • Patent number: 7625837
    Abstract: A composition, containing vanadium, potassium and a support is disclosed. A method of preparing such composition is also disclosed. The composition is employed in a process to remove a heavy metal from a gaseous feed stream which can optionally include a separate heavy metal adsorption stage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 21, 2005
    Date of Patent: December 1, 2009
    Assignee: ConocoPhillips Company
    Inventors: Glenn W. Dodwell, Joseph B. Cross, Marvin M. Johnson, Edward L. Sughrue, II, Jianhua Yao
  • Patent number: 7592283
    Abstract: Provided is a method of regenerating a honeycomb type SCR catalyst which is used in selective catalytic reduction (SCR), comprising treating a waste honeycomb type SCR catalyst used in an industrial boiler with a mixed solution containing 0.1 M to 1.0 M H2SO4, 0.005 M to 0.1 M NH4VO3 and 0.005 M to 0.1 M 5(NH4)2O.12WO3.5H2O in an air lift loop reactor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 28, 2005
    Date of Patent: September 22, 2009
    Assignee: Korea Electric Power Corporation
    Inventors: Jung Bin Lee, Tae Won Lee, Kwang Chul Song, In Young Lee
  • Patent number: 7572421
    Abstract: Sorbents for removal of mercury and other pollutants from gas streams, such as a flue gas stream from coal-fired utility plants, and methods for their manufacture and use are disclosed. The methods include injecting fluid cracking catalyst particles mixed with modified fly ash particles into a flue gas stream.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 2007
    Date of Patent: August 11, 2009
    Assignee: BASF Catalysts LLC
    Inventors: Xiaolin D. Yang, David M. Stockwell, Pascaline H. Tran, Lawrence Shore
  • Patent number: 7504080
    Abstract: A composition containing vanadium, and an amorphous carbon selected from the group consisting of an activated carbon, an activated charcoal, and combinations thereof, which is heated to a calcination temperature at or less than about 210° C. A method of preparing such composition is also disclosed. The composition is employed in a process to remove a heavy metal from a gaseous feed stream which can optionally include a separate heavy metal adsorption stage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 2005
    Date of Patent: March 17, 2009
    Assignee: ConocoPhillips Company
    Inventors: Jianhua Yao, Marvin M. Johnson, Edward L. Sughrue, II, Glenn W. Dodwell, Joseph B. Cross
  • Patent number: 7404939
    Abstract: A sorbent composition comprising a vanadium compound and a TiO2 support material is disclosed. Methods of making and using the composition to remove heavy metals or heavy metal containing compounds from a fluid stream are also provided. Such methods are particularly useful in the removal of mercury and mercury compounds from flue gas streams produced from the combustion of hydrocarbon-containing materials such as coal and petroleum fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 3, 2005
    Date of Patent: July 29, 2008
    Assignee: ConocoPhillips Company
    Inventors: Joseph B. Cross, Glenn W. Dodwell, Marvin M. Johnson, Edward L. Sughrue, II, Jianhua Yao
  • Patent number: 7399456
    Abstract: A composition, containing vanadium, phosphorus and a support is disclosed. A method of preparing such composition is also disclosed. The composition is employed in a process to remove a heavy metal from a gaseous feed stream which can optionally include a separate heavy metal adsorption stage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 25, 2005
    Date of Patent: July 15, 2008
    Assignee: ConocoPhillips Company
    Inventors: Joseph B. Cross, Marvin M. Johnson, Glenn W. Dodwell, Edward L. Sughrue, II, Jianhua Yao
  • Patent number: 7399457
    Abstract: A composition containing silica and vanadium, wherein at least a portion of the vanadium is present as a distorted octahedral and in a phase selected from the group consisting of amorphous, nano-crystalline, and combinations thereof, is disclosed. A method of preparing such composition is also disclosed. The composition is employed in a process to remove a heavy metal from a gaseous feed stream which can optionally include a separate heavy metal adsorption stage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 2005
    Date of Patent: July 15, 2008
    Assignee: ConocoPhillips Company
    Inventors: Joseph B. Cross, Glenn W. Dodwell, Jianhua Yao, Marvin M. Johnson, Edward L. Sughrue, II
  • Patent number: 7288499
    Abstract: A regenerable, high-capacity sorbent for removal of mercury from flue gas and processes and systems for making and using the sorbent. A phyllosilicate substrate, for example vermiculite or montmorillinite, acts as an inexpensive support to a thin layer for a polyvalent metal sulfide, ensuring that more of the metal sulfide is engaged in the sorption process. The sorbent is prepared by ion exchange between the silicate substrate material and a solution containing one or more of a group of polyvalent metals including tin (both Sn(II) and Sn(IV)), iron (both Fe(II) and Fe(III)), titanium, manganese, zirconium and molybdenum, dissolved as salts, to produce an exchanged substrate. Controlled reaction of a sulfide ion source with the one or more polyvalent metals that are exchanged on the silicate substrate produces the sorbent. The sorbent is used to absorb elemental mercury or oxidized mercury species such as mercuric chloride from flue gas containing acid gases (e.g.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 19, 2004
    Date of Patent: October 30, 2007
    Assignee: ADA Technologies, Inc
    Inventors: John S Lovell, Craig S Turchi, Thomas E Broderick
  • Patent number: 7098327
    Abstract: A process for the production of dual-functional ion exchange resins from lignocellulosic agricultural material involving anionization of the lignocellulosic agricultural material with citric acid and then cationization of the lignocellulosic agricultural material with dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) and choline chloride, or cationization of the lignocellulosic agricultural material with DMDHEU and choline chloride and then anionization of the lignocellulosic agricultural material with citric acid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 19, 2004
    Date of Patent: August 29, 2006
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture
    Inventors: Wayne E. Marshall, Lynda H. Wartelle
  • Patent number: 7008896
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of crystalline anionic clay-containing bodies from sources comprising a trivalent metal source and a divalent metal source comprising the steps of: a) preparing a precursor mixture containing a liquid, a divalent metal source and/or a trivalent metal source, at least one of them being insoluble in the liquid; b) shaping the precursor mixture to obtain shaped bodies; c) optionally thermally treating the shaped bodies; and d) aging the shaped bodies to obtain crystalline anionic clay-containing bodies; with the proviso that if no divalent or trivalent metal source is present in the precursor mixture of step a), such source is added to the shaped bodies after shaping step b) and before aging step d); and with the further proviso that the combined use of an aluminium source as the trivalent metal source and a magnesium source as the divalent metal source is excluded.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 31, 2002
    Date of Patent: March 7, 2006
    Assignee: Akzo Nobel NV
    Inventors: Dennis Stamires, William Jones, Paul O'Connor
  • Patent number: 6764601
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process of coating inorganic particles with organic compositions, and agglomerating, compacting and heating of the coated particles into granules. Coating and compacting the agglomeration may be conducted continuously, and may be used to form granules having sizes ranging from about 1 to about 200 mesh. In one embodiment, these particles can be used to purify drinking water by removing heavy metals such as arsenic, lead and mercury and to remove or kill microorganisms in the drinking water, air and gas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 16, 2001
    Date of Patent: July 20, 2004
    Assignee: Selecto Scientific, Inc.
    Inventors: Ehud Levy, Matthew D. Barranco, Mohammed Tazi
  • Patent number: 6595147
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling or removing mercury, mercury compounds and high molecular weight organics, if present, from a resource recovery exhaust stream by separately adding a carbonaceous char to the flue gas while it is still within the unit. The char can be produced in situ by adding a carbonaceous material and allowing it to thermally decompose.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 28, 2002
    Date of Patent: July 22, 2003
    Assignee: Hamon Research-Cottrell, Inc.
    Inventors: Aaron J. Teller, Jonathan R. Lagarenne
  • Patent number: 6551660
    Abstract: A method for reducing catalyst contamination in a hydrocarbon conversion reactor system, comprising the steps of contacting at least a portion of a metal-coated hydrocarbon conversion reactor system comprising a reactive metal with a getter to produce a movable metal; and fixating the movable metal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 18, 2001
    Date of Patent: April 22, 2003
    Assignee: Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP
    Inventors: Dennis L. Holtermann, Hong Chiu Chen, Richard M Wolpert, Charles R. Wilson, Daniel P. Hagewiesche
  • Patent number: 6490984
    Abstract: Formation of dioxins in flue gases is inhibited by contacting the flue gas with at least one of sodium phosphite, calcium phosphate, sodium hypophosphite, and calcium as reducing agents preferably at a temperature in the range of from 150° C. to 850° C. Hydrogen chlorides are also rendered harmless by the contact with the reducing agent. Also, metal ions contained in the fly ash of the flue gas are reduced to metals to reduce the occurrence of dissolution of the metals in subsequent treatment of the fly ash.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 28, 1998
    Date of Patent: December 10, 2002
    Assignee: Miyoshi Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Masafumi Moriya, Masatake Kawashima, Takashi Ogawa, Kazuhiro Terada
  • Patent number: 6439138
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling or removing mercury, mercury compounds and high molecular weight organics, if present, from a waste incineration apparatus exhaust stream by separately adding a carbonaceous char to the flue gas while the flue gas is still within the unit. The char can be produced in situ by adding a carbonaceous material and allowing the carbonaceous material to thermally decompose.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 29, 1998
    Date of Patent: August 27, 2002
    Assignee: Hamon Research-Cottrell, Inc.
    Inventors: Aaron J. Teller, Jonathan R. Lagarenne
  • Patent number: 6419986
    Abstract: A method of removing reactive metal from a metal-coated reactor system, comprising contacting at least a portion of a metal-coated reactor system containing reactive metal with a getter to produce movable metal, and fixating the movable metal, the getter, or both. The contacting is preferably done prior to catalyst loading. A preferred coating metal comprises tin and a preferred getter comprises HCl. The invention is also a method for reducing catalyst contamination from a metal which was used to coat a reactor system. The method comprises contacting a metal-coated reactor system, with a gaseous halogen-containing compound to produce movable metal; thereafter or simultaneously, at least a portion of the movable metal is removed from the reactor system. Then a halided catalyst is loaded into the reactor system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 10, 1997
    Date of Patent: July 16, 2002
    Assignee: Chevron Phillips Chemical Company IP
    Inventors: Dennis L. Holtermann, Hong Chiu Chen, Richard M Wolpert, Charles R. Wilson, Daniel P. Hagewiesche
  • Patent number: 6010619
    Abstract: Crystalline materials having increased mechanical strength and improved chemical properties are provided by incorporating carbonate by contact treatment with carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) to modify the alkaline earth oxide morphology. Alkaline earth-containing particulate solids are stabilized in the crystalline oxide structure, preferrably with dense phase or supercritical CO.sub.2. Typical industrial applications include particulate contact solids, catalysts, binders and monolithic structures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 1998
    Date of Patent: January 4, 2000
    Assignee: Greenvue Company, LLC
    Inventors: Lowell G. Wise, Hartley Owen
  • Patent number: 5972201
    Abstract: Magnetic separation of fluid cracking catalyst and magnetic hooks can be improved by adding antimony, in the feed or during catalyst manufacture, to enhance the magnetic susceptibility, thus increasing the separation efficiency of the older less active fluid cracking catalyst from the more desirable fraction for recycle. Antimony can also be used as a tag for determination of age distribution of said catalyst. Concentration levels of 0.005-15 wt. % antimony (Sb) on the catalyst or sorbent are preferred. The invention is particularly preferred on catalyst and sorbents which comprise at least about 0.001 wt. %, more preferably above about 0.01 wt. % iron, because the antimony has been found to enhance the magnetic susceptibility of iron-containing particulates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 24, 1997
    Date of Patent: October 26, 1999
    Assignee: Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC
    Inventors: Terry L. Goolsby, Maurice M. Mitchell
  • Patent number: 5919287
    Abstract: A process for the purification of a solution of lithium salts contaminated by metallic cations, comprising (i) passing the solution to be purified through an exchange region packed with a material suitable for the exchange of Li.sup.+ cations by contaminating metallic cations, this material being initially charged more than 95% with Li.sup.+ cations and having a better affinity for the contaminating metallic cations than for Li.sup.+ cations, so as to fix all of the contaminating metallic cations on the material by replacement of Li.sup.+ cations, whereby the solution of lithium salts recovered at the outlet of the exchange zone is stripped of contaminating metallic cations; and (ii) regenerating the material by replacement of the metallic cations fixed on the material with Li.sup.+ cations.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 6, 1999
    Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
    Inventor: Serge Moreau
  • Patent number: 5906960
    Abstract: An adsorbent that can be used to remove environmental contaminants such as organics, cations and anions in a single process step is prepared from humic acid. The adsorbent can be a soluble humic acid in liquid form (e.g., in aqueous solution) or the humic acid can be insolubilized and/or immobilized on a solid support. The adsorbent can also be used to recover agriculturally desirable metals in chelated form from contaminated water. The liquid form of the adsorbent can be used to wash solids to remove contaminants.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 15, 1996
    Date of Patent: May 25, 1999
    Assignee: Arctech, Inc.
    Inventors: Hyderabad G. Sanjay, Kailash C. Srivastava, Daman S. Walia
  • Patent number: 5858208
    Abstract: The present invention, therefore, is directed to a novel method for improving conversion in a fluidized catalytic cracking unit feed stream containing vanadium. According to the method, an effective amount of a composition comprising at least one overbase complex of a magnesium or aluminum salt or a mixture thereof and an organic acid complexing agent is incorporated into the feed stream.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 25, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1999
    Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated
    Inventors: Robert L. Flanders, Roy W. Greenlee, George G. Duggan, Michael J. Zetlmeisl
  • Patent number: 5858242
    Abstract: An agent for recovering heavy metal cations from an aqueous effluent, including a silicate or aluminosilicate type compound, e.g. an alkali metal silicate or aluminosilicate, and a carbonate type compound, e.g. an alkali metal carbonate, and preferably a carrier such as a lay. The agent may also form a cation stabilizer. Said agent is useful for removing or stabilizing heavy metal cations in the water used for cleaning flue gases from waste incineration, particularly household refuse and industrial waste incineration.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 20, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1999
    Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc Chimie
    Inventors: Jean-Yves Chane-Ching, Yves Mottot
  • Patent number: 5711015
    Abstract: A method of decontaminating a site of metals, particularly radioactive metals, is provided. The contaminated material is contacted with pulverized bone, which sorbs the metals from the contaminated material. The bone may be derived from any animals having bone, such as cattle. Prior to use, the organic compounds of the bone are removed, so that inorganic bone composed primarily of hydroxylapatite is obtained. The morphology of the bone, including its crystalline structure and porosity, is maintained. As an alternative to bone derived from animals, synthetic inorganic bone composed of hydroxylapatite and having a physical structure equivalent to animal-derived bone may be used.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 19, 1996
    Date of Patent: January 20, 1998
    Inventor: Andrew J. Tofe
  • Patent number: 5419834
    Abstract: A precipitating agent containing thioacetamide is described for the precipitating of heavy metals from flue gases and waste waters, it containing thioacetamide (C.sub.2 H.sub.5 SN) in a 1-20% aqueous solution, which, in addition, contains a buffer substance in order to prevent hydrolyric spontaneous decomposition, the solution having a pH of between 5.5 and 9.0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 30, 1995
    Inventor: Gunter Straten
  • Patent number: 5405812
    Abstract: In a method for purifying a carbon-containing adsorption medium used for treating flue gases within a flue gas scrubbing process the adsorption medium is introduced into an adsorption medium reactor where the adsorption medium adsorbs pollutants from the flue gas. The adsorption medium laden with pollutants is then removed from the adsorption medium reactor and conveyed into a thermal regeneration apparatus. At temperatures of 350.degree. to 650.degree. C. the pollutants are desorbed in the thermal regeneration apparatus, resulting in a desorption gas. In the desorbing step, pollutants in the form of heavy metals are vaporized and pollutants other than heavy metals are released from the adsorption medium and optionally decomposed. The desorption gas is then guided into an adsorption apparatus where the heavy metals are removed from the desorption gas by adsorption.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 16, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 11, 1995
    Assignee: Steag Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Hermann Bruggendick
  • Patent number: 5356845
    Abstract: A process for the reactivation, or rejuvenation of a nickel-alumina catalyst employed in the production of a gas comprised of an admixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, or synthesis gas, by the conversion, in a reactor, or reaction zone, of light hydrocarbons in a fluidized bed of the catalyst at elevated temperature, in the presence of steam and oxygen. Catalyst reactivation is accomplished by withdrawing a portion of the catalyst from the fluidized bed of the reactor and treating the catalyst in an oxidation zone at temperature sufficient to oxidize and convert the nickel component of the catalyst to nickel aluminate and disperse said nickel aluminate within the alumina support, and then recycling the treated catalyst to the reactor, or reaction zone, to reactivate and increase the activity of the catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 11, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1994
    Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company
    Inventors: LeRoy R. Clavenna, Stephen M. Davis, Brent E. Beasley
  • Patent number: 5308810
    Abstract: A method of treating spent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst is provided, which method comprises contacting the spent catalyst with a solution comprising a SCR catalyst metal salt, preferably a vanadium salt, and heating the catalyst contacted with the metal salt solution at a calcination temperature in the presence of oxygen. Preferably, after treatment with the metal salt solution, the catalyst is dried with air for at least about 10 seconds and heated to a temperature in the range of about 130.degree. F. to about 170.degree. F. for a period of about 30 minutes to about 90 minutes before heating to the calcination temperature.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 28, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 3, 1994
    Assignee: Atlantic Richfield Company
    Inventors: Andrew P. Voss, William Murray, Ruthjean Stager
  • Patent number: 5286691
    Abstract: A process for demetallizing metals contaminated FCC catalyst in an FCC regenerator. A metals getter additive, with higher settling velocity, is added to the regenerator, to remove metals from FCC catalyst by solid-solid interaction. The FCC catalyst forms a light, discrete, dense phase fluidized bed on top of a fluidized bed of additive. FCC catalyst is recycled to the cracking reactor from the top fluidized bed, while additive can be withdrawn from the lower fluidized bed for disposal or for metals recovery and recycle. Additive can be optimized for metals removal and will not dilute the cracking catalyst in the FCC reactor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 26, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 15, 1994
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Coproration
    Inventors: Mohsen N. Harandi, Joseph A. Herbst, Hartley Owen, Paul H. Schipper, Robert T. Thomson
  • Patent number: 5264200
    Abstract: Chemically and thermally stable monolithic catalysts are disclosed having platinum or alkali metal-vanadium active phases for use in the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide. The platinum catalyst comprises a foraminous ceramic support which has at its wall surfaces a high surface area substrate for an active catalyst phase, and a combination of a platinum active phase and a promoter on the substrate. The substrate preferably comprises silica, provided, for example, by application of a silica washcoat. The promoter is selected from among compounds of zirconium, hafnium and titanium.The alkali-vanadium catalyst comprises a foraminous ceramic support having a porous silica substrate for the active phase at its foraminal wall surfaces. An alkali metal-vanadium active catalyst is in the pores of the porous silica.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 14, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 23, 1993
    Assignee: Monsanto Company
    Inventors: Timothy R. Felthouse, Atis Vavere
  • Patent number: 5260240
    Abstract: A process is disclosed for passivating the reactivity of contaminant metals, such as nickel and vanadium, which have been deposited on a catalytic cracking catalyst, by adding to the cracking catalyst a mixture of a calcium-containing material and a magnesium-containing material in a separate reactor in the presence of steam. The preferred calcium-containing material is dolomite and the preferred magnesium-containing material is sepiolite. It is also preferred to include antimony and/or bismuth compounds in the additive mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 9, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 9, 1993
    Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology Company
    Inventors: Charles F. Guthrie, Lawrence W. Jossens, James V. Kennedy, John A. Paraskos
  • Patent number: 5254513
    Abstract: Spent or inactive alumina-supported catalysts removed from a catalytic hydrotreating process and having carbonaceous and metallic deposits thereon are reactivated. After a solvent wash to remove process oils, the spent catalyst is contacted with steam at a temperature of 1000.degree. to about 1250.degree. F. for a period of about 2 to about 5 hours to form a reactivated catalyst suitable for reuse in a catalytic hydrotreating process. Optionally, the steam-treated catalyst can be regenerated by contact with an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of about 700.degree. to about 900.degree. F. to remove carbon deposits from the catalyst, or, alternatively, the steam-treated catalyst can be acid-leached to remove undesired metals and then contacted with an oxygen-containing gas at an elevated temperature to remove carbon deposits.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 20, 1991
    Date of Patent: October 19, 1993
    Assignee: Texaco, Inc.
    Inventors: David E. Sherwood, Jr., Johnnie R. Hardee, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5250482
    Abstract: A process for beneficiating a particulate zeolite petroleum cracking catalyst having metal values in excess of 1000 ppm nickel equivalents. The particulate catalyst is passed through a magnetic field in the range of from about 2 Tesla to about 5 Tesla generated by a superconducting quadrupole open-gradient magnetic system for a time sufficient to effect separation of said catalyst into a plurality of zones having different nickel equivalent concentrations. A first zone has nickel equivalents of about 6,000 ppm and greater, a second zone has nickel equivalents in the range of from about 2000 ppm to about 6000 ppm, and a third zone has nickel equivalents of about 2000 ppm and less. The zones of catalyst are separated and the second zone material is recycled to a fluidized bed of zeolite petroleum cracking catalyst. The low nickel equivalent zone is treated while the high nickel equivalent zone is discarded.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 20, 1992
    Date of Patent: October 5, 1993
    Assignee: University of Chicago
    Inventor: Richard D. Doctor
  • Patent number: 5209840
    Abstract: Spent hydrotreating catalyst having carbonaceous and metallic deposits and of regular geometric shape after being stripped of process oil is fluidized by flowing air upwardly through the catalyst at a velocity sufficient to expand the bed thereby segregating the catalyst particles into a high activity, upper, less-contaminated fraction and a lower, more-contaminated fraction and recycling the high activity fraction to a hydrotreating process. Optionally, the high activity fraction can be regenerated with carbon burnoff or rejuvenated by acid leaching followed by regeneration with carbon burnoff to further improve catalyst activity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 2, 1991
    Date of Patent: May 11, 1993
    Assignee: Texaco Inc.
    Inventors: David E. Sherwood, Jr., Johnnie R. Hardee, Jr., John A. Lemen
  • Patent number: 5192724
    Abstract: A spent metal contaminated zeolite-containing catalytic cracking catalyst composition is reactivated by a process which comprises contacting with (a) dissolved lactic acid and either (b1) at least one dissolved calcium compound or, alternatively, (b2) at least one dissolved tin compound and at least one dissolved phosphorus compound.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 17, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 9, 1993
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventors: Chia-Min Fu, Michael K. Maholland
  • Patent number: 5188995
    Abstract: A spent metal-contaminated zeolite-containing catalytic cracking catalyst is reactivated by a process which comprises contacting the spent catalyst with at least one dissolved carboxylic acid and at least one antimony compound.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1993
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventors: Michael K. Maholland, Chia-Min Fu, Richard E. Lowery
  • Patent number: 5155073
    Abstract: A demetallization process for catalysts used for chemical conversion of hydrocarbons, the catalysts containing at least vanadium as a metal poison, wherein the poisoned catalyst is contacted in a sulfiding zone with a sulfiding agent and a hydrocarbon having a minimum boiling point of about 300.degree. F., the hydrocarbon being at least partially vaporizable at the temperature in the sulfiding zone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 24, 1991
    Date of Patent: October 13, 1992
    Assignee: Coastal Catalyst Technology, Inc.
    Inventor: Frank J. Elvin
  • Patent number: RE35406
    Abstract: A cracking catalyst composition comprising a zeolitic, crystalline aluminosilicate, a matrix material and a barium titanium oxide. The catalyst composition is particularly suitable for cracking metal-containing hydrocarbon feedstocks.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 15, 1991
    Date of Patent: December 17, 1996
    Assignee: Akzo N.V.
    Inventor: Cornelis J. Groenenboom
  • Patent number: RE44124
    Abstract: A regenerable, high-capacity sorbent for removal of mercury from flue gas and processes and systems for making and using the sorbent. A phyllosilicate substrate, for example vermiculite or montmorillinite, acts as an inexpensive support to a thin layer for a polyvalent metal sulfide, ensuring that more of the metal sulfide is engaged in the sorption process. The sorbent is prepared by ion exchange between the silicate substrate material and a solution containing one or more of a group of polyvalent metals including tin (both Sn(II) and Sn(IV)), iron (both Fe(II) and Fe(III)), titanium, manganese, zirconium and molybdenum, dissolved as salts, to produce an exchanged substrate. Controlled reaction of a sulfide ion source with the one or more polyvalent metals that are exchanged on the silicate substrate produces the sorbent. The sorbent is used to absorb elemental mercury or oxidized mercury species such as mercuric chloride from flue gas containing acid gases (e.g.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 29, 2009
    Date of Patent: April 2, 2013
    Assignee: Novinda, Inc.
    Inventors: John Lovell, Craig Turchi, Thomas E. Broderick