Irradiation By, Or Application Of, Electrical, Magnetic Or Wave Energy Patents (Class 502/5)
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Patent number: 5411649Abstract: Catalytic process for controlled oxidation of methane using microwaves, characterized in that it makes use of a catalyst exhibiting in its structure electrical charge defects and geometric deformations enabling it to absorb electromagnetic energy, or microwaves, under the effect of an electromagnetic field.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 1993Date of Patent: May 2, 1995Assignee: Electricite De France, Service NationalInventors: Georges Roussy, Christophe Marchand, Jean-Marie Thiebaut, Mina Souiri, Alain Kiennemann, Corinne Petit, Gilbert Maire
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Patent number: 5406582Abstract: An apparatus and process for the activation or reactivation of carbon in a tubular reactor that consists of two or more sequential sections, each section containing a descending column of carbon, with inlets to introduce steam into any one or more of the sections, and wherein the electric current is fed into the column of carbon of each such section via a graphite block serving as an electrode and positioned at the center of the top of the column by attachment to a steel plate that includes a flat or a V-shaped shelf and that is provided with openings to allow the released gases and vapors to escape.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1993Date of Patent: April 11, 1995Inventor: Cornelius du Plessis
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Patent number: 5384295Abstract: The method enables the creation of a pillared layered clay (a PILC) by contacting the clay with a pillaring precursor and delivering energy to the reaction mixture to intercalate the precursor into the clay. The pillaring precursor is an electrically neutral organometallic molecule with a carbon-metal bond which is susceptible to proton attack whereby protons donated from sites of Bronsted acidity in the clay cleave the carbon-metal bond to yield an organic fragment of the precursor and a metal-containing pillaring fragment. A preferred precursor is Ph.sub.2 SnCl.sub.2.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1993Date of Patent: January 24, 1995Assignee: British Technology Group LimitedInventors: William R. McWhinnie, Stephen P. Bond
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Patent number: 5369072Abstract: Adsorbent media are prepared by contacting support material with iron containing solutions, followed by drying to coat the support material with iron. Support materials such as sand and olivine are described. The adsorbent material can be used to remove metal contaminants and natural organic matter from water.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1992Date of Patent: November 29, 1994Assignee: University of WashingtonInventors: Mark M. Benjamin, Robert P. Bailey, Thomas E. Bennett, Yu-Jung Chang, Chi-Wang Li, Marc A. Edwards, Paul R. Anderson
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Patent number: 5364821Abstract: A method of producing active carbon by microwave-induced pyrolysis of a carbonaceous material in an atmosphere wherein flame generation is prevented. The resulting product is treated with an acid to wash out sulphur or metal values and then activated with superheated steam and/or carbon dioxide at an elevated temperature.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1992Date of Patent: November 15, 1994Inventor: Kenneth M. Holland
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Patent number: 5316990Abstract: An improved catalyst material is derived from a precious metal-containing macrocyclic compound precursor, which contains precious metal in zero oxidation state. The material may be produced by activating the compound, for example by a voltage sweep. The material offers useful improvements in activity and resistance to de-activation, when used as a fuel cell catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1992Date of Patent: May 31, 1994Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Susan J. Cooper, Graham A. Hards, David Thompsett
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Patent number: 5306675Abstract: A method of producing crack-free green activated carbon structures using a carbon matrix containing high gel strength binders such as methyl cellulose binders is disclosed. The invention also relates to a method of drying activated carbon structures by first contacting the structure with microwave radiation and then drying the structure in a conventional oven.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1992Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Shy-Hsien Wu, Evelyn M. DeLiso
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Patent number: 5287383Abstract: An apparatus for producing an active carbon using a carbon-containing material inclusive of an used active carbon as a raw material wherein the carbon-containing raw material is carbonized in a carbonizing unit to produce a carbonized material having electric conductivity and the carbonized material is then activated in an activating treatment unit installed downstream of the carbonizing unit in an atmosphere of steam with a power of electricity induced by electric discharge as well as a function of self-heating of the carbonized material with its own electric resistance are disclosed. The carbonizing unit is constructed in the form of a thermal radiation type batch furnace including an outer wall and a vessel mounted on a firing lattice in the outer wall while a heating chamber is formed therebetween.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1992Date of Patent: February 15, 1994Assignee: Heiyo Shoji Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Yoji Hirai
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Patent number: 5277770Abstract: Plasma initiators that have become deactivated due to the accumulation of carbonaceous deposits, sulfur deposits, or both thereon can be regenerated by contact with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of microwave radiation.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1991Date of Patent: January 11, 1994Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: William J. Murphy
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Patent number: 5277771Abstract: Plasma initiators that have become deactivated due to the accumulation of carbonaceous deposits, sulfur deposits, or both thereon can be regenerated by contact with a gas containing molecular hydrogen in the presence of microwave radiation.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1991Date of Patent: January 11, 1994Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: William J. Murphy, Alberto Ravella
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Patent number: 5268343Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the reactivation of an activated charcoal catalyst employed in the preparation of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (R 227) in which the catalyst is heated to from 450.degree. to 900.degree. C. in a stream of inert gas or under reduced pressure.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1993Date of Patent: December 7, 1993Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Peter Hopp, Uwe Wirth
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Patent number: 5266540Abstract: The regeneration of active carbon onto which one or more organic substances may be adsorbed is achieved by means of a photodegrading process catalyzed by a semiconductor.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1993Date of Patent: November 30, 1993Assignee: Eniricerche S.p.A.Inventors: Roberto Menicagli, Fausto Miano, Enrico Borgarello
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Patent number: 5264404Abstract: A porous clay composite having fine metal particles deposited substantially only on surfaces of inorganic particles which are intercalated between layers of an expandable clay is obtained. After the expandable clay is expanded with a solvent into an expanded clay, the inorganic particles are intercalated between the layers of the expanded clay. The inorganic particles have photo-semiconducting property, that is, a plurality of carriers such as electrons and holes are released from the inorganic particles by irradiation of a light such as ultraviolet light. A solution including metal ions is mixed with the inorganic particles intercalated clay to form a mixed solution thereof. Subsequently, the light is irradiated to the mixed solution to deposit the fine metal particles substantially only on the inorganic particles which are intercalated between the layers of the expanded clay, so that the porous clay composite is formed in the mixed solution.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1992Date of Patent: November 23, 1993Assignee: Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd.Inventors: Koichi Takahama, Masaru Yokoyama, Toshiharu Sako
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Patent number: 5250482Abstract: A process for beneficiating a particulate zeolite petroleum cracking catalyst having metal values in excess of 1000 ppm nickel equivalents. The particulate catalyst is passed through a magnetic field in the range of from about 2 Tesla to about 5 Tesla generated by a superconducting quadrupole open-gradient magnetic system for a time sufficient to effect separation of said catalyst into a plurality of zones having different nickel equivalent concentrations. A first zone has nickel equivalents of about 6,000 ppm and greater, a second zone has nickel equivalents in the range of from about 2000 ppm to about 6000 ppm, and a third zone has nickel equivalents of about 2000 ppm and less. The zones of catalyst are separated and the second zone material is recycled to a fluidized bed of zeolite petroleum cracking catalyst. The low nickel equivalent zone is treated while the high nickel equivalent zone is discarded.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1992Date of Patent: October 5, 1993Assignee: University of ChicagoInventor: Richard D. Doctor
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Patent number: 5244566Abstract: A process is shown for deabsorbing oil from an oil absorbent material. A citric oil-in-water emulsion is formulated having an aqueous external phase and having a dispersed internal phase which is comprised of a distilled citric oil. The hydrocarbon contaminated material is immersed within the citric oil-in-water emulsion, whereby absorbed hydrocarbons are extracted from the oil absorbent material.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1991Date of Patent: September 14, 1993Assignee: Insight Environmental Services, Inc.Inventor: Gordon S. Bond
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Patent number: 5238888Abstract: Provided are carbon molecular sieves produced by treating carbonacious materials with plasma. One of their most important uses is adsorbent for pressure swing adsorption processes, which are widely used for the separation of gases on industrial scales. The carbon molecular sieves meet the strong demand in this field where the performance of the adsorbent used governs the efficiency of gas separation.The carbon molecular sieves of the present invention are particularly effective in separating nitrogen gas from air.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1992Date of Patent: August 24, 1993Assignee: Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventor: Kunio Abe
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Patent number: 5232882Abstract: Regeneration of an ozone decomposing reactor which comprises:a catalyst structure composed of a carrier having at least one passage extending therethrough for allowing an ozone containing fluid to pass through the catalyst structure and a catalyst and an electroconductive material carried in or on the carrier; andelectrodes attached to the catalyst structure to electrify the structure, whereby to decompose ozone at elevated temperatures and regenerating deactivated structure by electrifying and heating.The carrier is either a ceramic honeycomb mold or a fiber board.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1992Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignee: Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masafumi Yoshimoto, Tadao Nakatsuji, Kazuhiko Nagano, Tetsuo Tatsu
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Patent number: 5232883Abstract: Process for obtaining monodisperse microspheroidal particles, comprising spraying an electrostatically charged gellable liquid material through a spraying orifice and into a chamber, so as to produce macrodrops which break up into microdrops which fall in the chamber and within which gelling is produced after spraying. The microspheroidal particles thus obtained can be collected on a solid surface or preferably in a liquid medium and find application in the manufacture of silica-based microspheroidal particles. These microspheroidal particles can be employed as catalyst supports for alpha-olefin polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1992Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignee: Solvay (Societe Anonyme)Inventors: Helmut Derleth, Abel Grosjean
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Patent number: 5232559Abstract: An organic solution of a soluble molybdenum compound is ammonated with ammonia, ammonium hydroxide and/or an ammonium salt in order to significantly reduce the electrical resistance of the solution and a direct electric current is passed therethrough in order to collect a significant amount of the molybdenum in solid form at the negative electrode.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1991Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignee: Texaco Chemical CompanyInventors: William A. Smith, David L. Miller, Robert A. Meyer
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Patent number: 5215949Abstract: In conventional spraying methods the problem in the preparation of small carrier particles aimed for the polymerization is that the drops constituting the prestages of the particles agglomerate or form otherwise in different sizes, whereby the size distribution of the carrier particles becomes too broad. This leads due to the so-called replica phenomenon to a polymer product having also a too broad particle size distribution. In the present invention the carrier is prepared by spraying a liquid containing a carrier through a nozzle into inert gas so that its first forms small droplets, which then solidify to small carrier particles. The desired narrow particle size distribution is provided by feeding a liquid containing a carrier through a nozzle, in which or in connection with which the liquid drops by means of the standing sonic waves in the ultrasonic range into small droplets of uniform size. The droplets of uniform size solidify then into small carrier particles of equally uniform size.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 1990Date of Patent: June 1, 1993Assignee: Neste OyInventors: Jukka Koskinen, Ismo Pentti
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Patent number: 5204302Abstract: A multi-layered catalyst on a metal substrate and a method for its preparation is provided. The catalyst includes a substrate, an adhesive sublayer whose improved adhesion to the substrate is obtained by the formation of a diffusion layer between the substrate and adhesive layer, a catalytically active layer deposited on the adhesive sublayer characterized by a smooth compositional gradient of the catalytically active component such that the catalytically active layer ranges from substantially 0.0 wt % at the adhesive sublayer interface to substantially 100 wt % at the outermost portion of the catalytically active layer and a porous layer containing at least the catalytically active component. An activator coating can be applied to the porous layer.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1991Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: Technalum Research, Inc.Inventors: Igor V. Gorynin, Boris V. Farmakovsky, Alexander P. Khinsky, Karina V. Kalogina, Alfredo R. V., Julian Szekely, Navtej S. Saluja
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Patent number: 5204070Abstract: A reactor for processing a catalyst material comprises a reaction chamber including a support for the catalyst material. A laser radiation entry means, a gas inlet and an exhaust are provided, each in communication with the reaction chamber. The gas inlet permits entry in the chamber of an oxidizing gas which assists in processing the catalyst material when exposed to laser radiation entering the chamber. Any resulting exhaust gases are then removed from the chamber through the exhaust. A drive means is provided to move the support in a manner such that the catalyst is moved through the laser radiation. The apparatus is useful in reactivate deactivated catalysts, such as hydroprocessing catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1991Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources CanadaInventors: Michael F. Wilson, Thomas M. Steel, Walter W. Duley
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Patent number: 5198098Abstract: An improved catalytic process for heavy hydrocarbon conversion, (usually, but not necessarily, in the presence of nickel and vanadium on the catalyst and in the feedstock.) to produce lighter molecular weight fractions. Manganese, which has paramagnetic properties, is added so it progressively accumulates on aged catalyst, and enhances magnetic separation of aged catalyst, to increase activity and improve selectivity of remaining catalyst which is recycled. Manganese acts as a "magnetic hook" to separate more magnetic, older, less catalytically active and less selective, higher-metals-containing catalyst particulates from less-magnetically-active, lower-metal-containing, more catalytically active and selective catalysts fractions, which are then recycled back to the unit.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1990Date of Patent: March 30, 1993Assignee: Ashland Oil, Inc.Inventor: William P. Hettinger
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Patent number: 5190901Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing an active carbon using a carbon-containing material inclusive of an used active carbon as a raw material wherein the carbon-containing raw material is carbonized in a carbonizing unit to produce a carbonized material having electric conductivity and the carbonized material is then activated in an activating treatment unit installed downstream of the carbonizing unit in an atmosphere of steam with a power of electricity induced by electric discharge as well as a function of self-heating of the carbonized material with its own electric resistance are disclosed. The carbonizing unit is constructed in the form of a thermal radiation type batch furnace including an outer wall and a vessel mounted on a firing lattice in the outer wall while a heating chamber is formed therebetween.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1991Date of Patent: March 2, 1993Assignee: Heiyo Shoji Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Yoji Hirai
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Patent number: 5190907Abstract: A granulated inorganic sorbent having the formula:Ti.sub.x Zr.sub.y Sn.sub.1-x-y O.sub.2.nH.sub.2 Owhere 0<x+y<1, x=0-0.95, y=0-0.15, n=0.05-1.8, has a specific surface of 30-250 m.sup.2 /g and represents a solid solution with a rutile type structure characterized by principal peaks at the angle 2.theta. equal to 26.8.+-.0.7, 34.5.+-.1.5, 52.8.+-.1.5 degrees.The method of its manufacture comprises electrolysis of an aqueous solution containing tin chloride, titanium chloride and/or zirconium chloride at a molar ratio Ti:Zr:Sn=(0-0.95):(0.0.15):(0.03-1.0), followed by dropwise dispersion of the formed sol in a gelling liquid at pH.gtoreq.12 and heat treatment of the gel particles at a temperature within 20.degree. to 900.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1991Date of Patent: March 2, 1993Inventors: Leonid M. Sharygin, Vladimir I. Barybin, Valery F. Gonchar, Olga J. Smyshlyaeva, Anatoly P. Shtin, Sergei Y. Tretyakov, Valery E. Moiseev, Tatyana N. Perekhozhiva, Vladimir M. Galkin, Alma V. Korenkova, Elena I. Zlokazova, Sergei M. Vovk, Valery G. Ponomarev
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Patent number: 5187131Abstract: Method and apparatus for in-situ regeneration of particulate adsorbent in a vessel including: heating the adsorbent, passing inert gas through heated absorbent to collect vaporized adsorbate, chilling the inert gas to condense adsorbate, thereafter lowering the pressure within the vessel, collecting withdrawn gases containing volatilized adsorbate, and chilling the withdrawn gases to condense adsorbate.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1991Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: Tigg CorporationInventors: Donald D. Tiggelbeck, George M. Goyak
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Patent number: 5186903Abstract: Apparatus for purifying indoor air comprises a blower for circulating air through a duct and removing particles and neutralizing a number of harmful gases through a process of molecular catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbons at ambient temperatures. Preferably, the apparatus includes a series of treatment elements including an ozone generator for producing a oxidator gas, a bio-mass collector, a filter coated with zeolite and surface modified hopcalite for removal of CO and NO.sub.x compounds, a filter coated with calcium carbonate for removing carbon dioxide and hydrohalic compounds, a filter coated with zeolite for solvents such as MEK and adsorbing water, and one or more filters for removing particulates in the air stream. The filters thus remove particulates and neutralize a number of harmful gases that may be present in indoor air.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1991Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: North Carolina Center for Scientific Research, Inc.Inventor: James H. Cornwell
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Patent number: 5173921Abstract: In an apparatus and process for the activation of carbon from carbon feedstocks by electrical resistance heating in the presence of steam, which comprises preheating particles of the carbon feedstock in a preheater, having the particles descend by gravity into and through a vertical reactor connected to the preheater, introducing steam at the bottom of the reactor so that it moves upward against the downward flow of the particles, passing an electric current through the particles in the reactor, and discharging the activated carbon from the bottom of the reactor, the improvements that comprise feeding the carbon feedstock through the side of the preheater, controlling the electric input, having the reactor project into the preheater, using a knife-gate valve and a discharge-limiting device to control the discharge of the activated carbon, using a carbon feedstock that contains up to about 25% of organic volatiles, maintaining the preheating temperature within a range from about 550.degree. C. to about 750.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1991Date of Patent: December 22, 1992Inventors: E. Mervyn J. Gaylord, Cornelius J. du Plessis
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Patent number: 5169517Abstract: Process for the treatment of a hydrocarbon fraction containing metals and comprising the following stages: (a) the said hydrocarbon fraction is treated in the presence of mean density particles (d.sub.o) under conditions for eliminating at least partly the metals contained therein and deposits of said metals on at least one fraction of said solid particles; (b) at least part of the solid particles from stage (a), whose mean density is (d.sub.i) is drawn off; (c) said solid particles from stage (b) are magnetohydrostatically separated by introducing said solid particles into a ferrofluid placed in a non-uniform magnetic field and creating a vertical magnetic field, whose intensity is adjusted in such a way that the apparent mean density (d.sub.af) of the ferrofluid permits the separation of said solid particles into at least one mean density fraction (d.sub.i) below said apparent mean density (d.sub.af) of the ferrofluid and into at least one mean density fraction (d.sub.s) above said mean apparent density (d.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1990Date of Patent: December 8, 1992Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Andre Buisson, Jean-Paul Euzen, Frederic Morel
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Patent number: 5165909Abstract: The invention relates to carbon fibrils characterized by a substantially constant diameter, length greater than about 5 times the diameter, an ordered outer region of catalytically grown, multiple, substantially continuous layers of ordered carbon atoms having an outside diameter between about 3.5 and 70 nanometers, and a distinct inner core region. Each of the layers and the core are disposed substantially concentrically about the cylindrical axis of the fibril. The fibrils are substantially free of pyrolytically deposited thermal carbon with the diameter of the fibrils being equal to the outside diameter of the ordered outer region.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1990Date of Patent: November 24, 1992Assignee: Hyperion Catalysis Int'l., Inc.Inventors: Howard G. Tennent, James J. Barber, Robert Hoch
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Patent number: 5147527Abstract: One embodiment is an improved process for economically converting carbo-metallic oils by means of catalytic particulates into lighter products, wherein a portion of the particulates is withdrawn and passed through a high strength magnetic field of at least 1 KG and field grandients of at least 10 KG/inch while conveyed on an electrostatic conducting belt to enable separation of the mass of particulates by inertia into at least two fractions; one of which has, in the case of catalyst, higher activity and lower metals content and is recycled back to the unit; a second higher metals, lower activity catalyst which is disposed of or treated for recovery of metals; and optimally, intermediate fraction which can be disposed of, or first treated to remove metals, and then chemically reactivated and returned to the unit.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1989Date of Patent: September 15, 1992Assignee: Ashland Oil, Inc.Inventor: William P. Hettinger
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Patent number: 5132270Abstract: Deactivated hydrogenation catalysts of ruthenium metal deposited on an aluminum oxide support are regenerated by treatment with ultrasound.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1991Date of Patent: July 21, 1992Assignee: Huels AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gerhard Wachholz, Gerhard Thelen, Heinz-Werner Voges
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Patent number: 5093302Abstract: A radioactive catalyst is disclosed which comprises a fine particle of semiconductor and a high radioactive platinum group element deposited on the particle of semiconductor. The radioactive catalyst serves as a source of radiation and also as a catalyst for oxidation-reduction reaction. By bringing the radioactive catalyst into contact with water, the water is decomposed by the oxidation-reduction reaction to produce hydrogen and oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1990Date of Patent: March 3, 1992Assignee: Doryokuro Kakunenryo Kaihatsu JigyodanInventors: Nobuyuki Sasao, Yukio Wada
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Patent number: 5089457Abstract: In an apparatus and process for the activation of carbon from carbon feedstocks by electrical resistance heating in the presence of steam, which comprises preheating particles of the carbon feedstock in a preheater, having the particles descend by gravity into and through a vertical reactor connected to the preheater, introducing steam at the bottom of the reactor so that it moves upward against the downward flow of the particles, passing an electric current through the particles in the reactor, and discharging the activated carbon from the bottom of the reactor, the improvements that comprise feeding the carbon feedstock through the side of the preheater, controlling the electric input, having the reactor project into the preheater, using a knife-gate valve and a discharge-limiting device to control the discharge of the activated carbon, using a carbon feedstock that contains up to about 25% of organic volatiles, maintaining the preheating temperature within a range from about 550.degree. C. to about 750.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 1991Date of Patent: February 18, 1992Inventors: E. Mervyn J. Gaylard, Cornelius J. DuPlessis
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Patent number: 5078971Abstract: A deodorizer device for use in a refrigerator has an absorbent capable of absorbing odor components from air, a layer of a photocatalyst deposited on the surface of the absorbent, and a light source for illuminating the photocatalyst layer to excite the same. Air containinig odor components is forced by a blower to flow through the absorbent.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1989Date of Patent: January 7, 1992Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Michiya Matuda, Tooru Kobayashi, Fumikazu Washimi, Masaei Kawashima, Masaaki Kashiwabuchi, Kikuzi Takahashi, Atsushi Kanai
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Patent number: 5077249Abstract: The present invention provides microencapsulated liquid or solubilized curing catalysts for one-part heat curable organosiloxane compositions. Compositions containing these exhibit long-term storage stability yet cure rapidly when heated above the melting point of the encapsulating polymer. At least a portion of these microcapsules are less than one micron in diameter, and substantially all are less than about three microns in diameter. Compositions containing the preferred platinum group metals as catalysts are optically transparent.The microencapsulated curing catalysts of this invention are prepared by the photoinitiated polymerization of at least one solubilized hydroxyl-containing ethylenically unsaturated organic compound in the presence of a photoinitiator for the polymerization of said compound, an optional surfactant, and a liquid or solubilized curing catalyst for organosiloxane compositions.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1991Date of Patent: December 31, 1991Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventors: Chi-Long Lee, Ming-Hsiung Yeh
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Patent number: 5068485Abstract: Aluminophosphate molecular sieves substituted with cobalt, manganese or iron and having the AlPO.sub.4 -34 or AlPO.sub.4 -5, or related AlPO.sub.4 structure activate methane starting at approximately 350.degree. C. Between 400.degree. and 500.degree. C. and at methane pressures .ltoreq.1 atmosphere the rate of methane conversion increases steadily with typical conversion efficiencies at 500.degree. C. approaching 50% and selectivity to the production of C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons approaching 100%. The activation mechanism is based on reduction of the transition metal(III) form of the molecular sieve to the transition metal(II) form with accompanying oxidative dehydrogenation of the methane. Reoxidation of the - transition metal(II) form to the transition metal(III) form can be done either chemically (e.g., using O.sub.2) or electrochemically.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1990Date of Patent: November 26, 1991Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Lennox E. Iton, Victor A. Maroni
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Patent number: 5047376Abstract: The present invention relates to activated curing combinations for organic cationically polymerizable materials. The curing combinations are obtainable by activating a solution or a dispersion of an iron/arene salt and a polycarboxylic acid, an anhydride based on a polycarboxylic acid, or a polyisocyanate by heating or by irradiation with actinic radiation. The curable compositions containing these activated curing combinations can be used as sheathing or encapsulating materials for electronic components.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 1989Date of Patent: September 10, 1991Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Dieter Baumann, Kurt Meier, Werner Margotte, Beat Muller
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Patent number: 5037785Abstract: A process for regeneration of a deactivated hydroprocessing catalyst is provided. The process comprises exposing the catalyst to laser radiation in the presence of an oxidizing gas. The process may be used to regenerate supported or unsupported metal catalysts which have been fouled by coking.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1989Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Energy, Mines and ResourcesInventors: Michael F. Wilson, Thomas M. Steel, Walter W. Duley
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Patent number: 5011755Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising(a) a titanocene photoinitiator of the formula I ##STR1## (b) a 3-ketocoumarin of the formula II ##STR2## in which both R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined in claim 1, R.sup.4 is a radical of the formula V ##STR3## R.sup.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, cycloalkyl having 5-7 ring carbon atoms, phenyl or naphthyl which are unsubstituted or substituted by one to three C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms or by one diphenylamino or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 dialkylamino group, or is C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 aralkyl, a radical --(CH.dbd.CH).sub.a --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 or a radical of the formula V, a is 1 or 2, preferably 1, and R.sup.10, R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, phenyl, tolyl, xylyl or benzyl, and R.sup.11 can additionally also be a group --NR.sup.15 R.sup.16 or --OR.sup.15, wherein R.sup.15 and R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1990Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Ottmar Rohde, Armin Schaffner, Martin Riediker, Kurt Meier
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Patent number: 5008302Abstract: Titanocenes containing two 5-membered cyclodienyl groups, for example cyclopentadienyl, and one or two 6-membered carbocyclic or 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic aromatic rings which are substituted by a fluorine atom in at least one of the two ortho-positions to the titanium-carbon bond and contain, as a further substituent, unsubstituted or substituted 1-pyrryl, are suitable as photoinitiators for radiation-induced polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1988Date of Patent: April 16, 1991Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Rinaldo Husler, Bernd Klingert, Manfred Rembold, Eginhard Steiner
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Patent number: 4994422Abstract: Means and methods of producing catalytically coated microspheres of hydrocarbon fuel in a tower into which precharged free floating initially frozen globules of hydrocarbon fuel are drawn through a catalytic plasma field by an attracting electrostatic force disposed thereabove for catalytic coating and partial neutralization of the globule precharge until the coated globules descends in response to gravitational forces through the plasma field into a container disposed therebeneath.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1990Date of Patent: February 19, 1991Assignee: Fuel Conservation CorporationInventor: Stuart O. Goldman
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Patent number: 4992614Abstract: A solid catalyst composition which has undergone a partial loss of catalytic activity due to the accumulation of reaction product residue is treated in a chemical conversion process reaction zone in the presence of feedstock(s) with ultrasonic energy of a magnitude and a duration sufficient to restore at least a significant percentage of the lost activity.Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 1989Date of Patent: February 12, 1991Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventor: Paul G. Rodewald
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Patent number: 4955208Abstract: A photocatalystic decomposing apparatus comprises absorbent including honeycomb form active carbon and titanium oxide acting as photocatalyst applied to a surface of the active carbon, and a light source for generating ultraviolet rays exciting the photocatalyst. Stink ingredient is absorbed to the active carbon by passing air flow through openings in the honeycomb, and the absorbed stink ingredient is decomposed by exciting the photocatalyst due to application of the ultraviolet rays.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1990Date of Patent: September 11, 1990Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Masaei Kawashima, Reishi Naka, Teruo Tsunoda, Nobuyoshi Suenaga, Syozo Ogawa, Masaaki Kashiwabuchi, Miyakichi Kameda, Koosuke Tanaka
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Patent number: 4954465Abstract: A photocatalystic decomposing apparatus comprises absorbent including honeycomb form active carbon and titanium oxide acting as photocatalyst applied to a surface of the active carbon, and a light source for generating ultraviolet rays exciting the photocatalyst. Stink ingredient is absorbed to the active carbon by passing air flow through openings in the honeycomb, and the absorbed stink ingredient is decomposed by exciting the photocatalyst due to application of the ultraviolet rays.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1989Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Masaei Kawashima, Reishi Naka, Teruo Tsunoda, Nobuyoshi Suenaga, Syozo Ogawa, Masaaki Kashiwabuchi, Miyakichi Kameda, Koosuke Tanaka
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Patent number: 4940648Abstract: A photo polymerization initiator composition is disclosed. The composition is comprised of an organic peroxide or perester in admixture with 9-phenyl acridine, or phenazine initiator compound. The initiator composition is useful in preparing photopolymerizable compositions having increased effective photospeed.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 1988Date of Patent: July 10, 1990Assignee: Hoechst Celanese CorporationInventor: Margaret W. Geiger
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Ultrasound driven synthesis of reversed and normal phase stationary phases for liquid chromatography
Patent number: 4919804Abstract: In a method for producing a reversed phase bonded metal oxide by reacting the metal oxide with a reactive silane, the improvement comprising conducting the reaction in the presence of ultrasonic waves.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1989Date of Patent: April 24, 1990Assignee: University of FloridaInventors: John G. Dorsey, Karen B. Sentell, Karen W. Barnes -
Patent number: 4914004Abstract: Radiation-curable two-layer systems containing immobilized photoinitiators are suitable for the production of coatings of constant thickness and good adhesion, and relief structures of high resolution and edge steepness.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 1987Date of Patent: April 3, 1990Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Manfred Kohler, Eike Poetsch, Jorg Ohngemach, Dieter Dorsch, Rudolf Eidenschink, Gerhard Greber
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Patent number: 4914256Abstract: A solid catalyst composition which has undergone a partial loss of catalytic activity due to the accumulation of reaction product residue is treated in a chemical conversion process reaction zone in the presence of feedstock(s) with ultrasonic energy of a magnitude and a duration sufficient to restore at least a significant percentage of the lost activity.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1988Date of Patent: April 3, 1990Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventor: Paul G. Rodewald
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Patent number: 4912070Abstract: A continuously porous adsorbent material substantially comprising zeolite type clay powder particles, magnetized magnetite particles and ettringite crystals bonding the clay particles and the magnetic particles, wherein the adsorbent material possesses continuous pores comprising relatively large cages connected with one another through smaller channels, the porous material suitable for the purification of various kinds of fluid by adsorption of the impurities contained in the fluid.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1988Date of Patent: March 27, 1990Assignees: TAC Technology and Science Research Inc., Yoshio TaguchiInventor: Yasumasa Mitani