Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of catalyst particles with a particle diameter in the range 20–2000 microns involving the steps of agitating at least two dry catalyst ingredients, spraying a liquid binding agent on the catalyst ingredients while continuing the agitation, and isolating formed catalyst particles with the desired particle diameter and comprising the catalyst ingredients. In contrast to the conventional way of preparing such particles, spray-drying, the present process allows the formation of small particles from slurries with a high solids content. Hence, smaller amounts of liquid have to be evaporated, which makes the process energy efficient.

Abstract: The invention provides low metal content molecular sieve catalyst compositions, processes for making such catalysts, and processes for using such catalysts in the conversion of an oxygenate into one or more light olefins. Preferably, the catalyst composition comprises a matrix material having a low metal content. By utilizing matrix materials having low metal contents, the amount of metal-catalyzed side reaction byproducts formed in a reaction system, particularly in an oxygenate-to-olefin reaction system, can be advantageously reduced.

Abstract: A catalyst system and process for combined cracking and selective hydrogen combustion of hydrocarbons are disclosed. The catalyst comprises (1) at least one solid acid component, (2) at least one metal-based component comprised of two or more elements from Groups 4–15 of the Periodic Table of the Elements and at least one of oxygen and sulfur, wherein the elements from Groups 4–15 and the at least one of oxygen and sulfur are chemically bound both within and between the groups and (3) at least one of at least one support, at least one filler and at least one binder. The process is such that the yield of hydrogen is less than the yield of hydrogen when contacting the hydrocarbons with the solid acid component alone.

Abstract: A novel crystalline aluminophosphate and metalloaluminophosphate of the molecular sieve type, denominated SSZ-51, is prepared by hydrothermal synthesis from reactive sources of aluminum and phosphorus, fluorine and an organic templating agent, 4-dimethylaminopyridine. SSZ-51 is useful in catalysts for, e.g., hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a hardened molecular sieve catalyst composition, a method of making the composition and a method of using the composition. The catalyst composition is made by mixing together molecular sieve, liquid, and an effective hardening amount of a dried molecular sieve catalyst to form a slurry. The slurry is dried, and then calcined to form the hardened molecular sieve catalyst composition. The hardened molecular sieve catalyst is highly attrition resistant.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine HC-adsorbent is located in one of a pair of exhaust passages in parallel to each other downstream of an emission control catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas and through which exhaust gas flows selectively by a switchover valve. The adsorbent is a zeolite mixture having pores at least 3.5 ? and smaller than 6 ? and not equal or larger than 6 ? and smaller than 7 ?, and zeolite having pores at least 7 ? and smaller than 10 ? and not equal or larger than 6 ? and smaller than 7 ?. HCs are desorbed quickly and easily lowering the desorption temperature, while ensuring excellent adsorbing performance for HCs of different molecular diameters. Even when a vehicle travels only a short duration after engine starting, desorption advances quickly and reliably, the adsorbent exhibiting intended adsorbing performance at the next engine starting.

Abstract: Porous materials are disclosed for use in the catalytic conversion of exhaust gases comprising a carrier including a first porous structure, an oxidation catalyst capable of catalyzing the oxidation of NO to NO2 in the presence of oxygen and catalyzing the oxidation of reducing agent, the oxidation catalyst enclosed within the first porous structure, the first porous structure including pores having dimensions such that the reducing agent is substantially prevented from contacting the oxidation catalyst, whereby the oxidation catalyst primarily catalyses the oxidation of NO to NO2 as compared to oxidation of the reducing agent during the catalytic conversion of the exhaust gases. Methods for catalytic conversion or exhaust gases using these materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst comprising macrostructures having a three-dimensional network of particles comprised of porous inorganic material. The particles of the macrostructures occupy less than 75% of the total volume of the macrostructures and are joined together to form a three-dimensional interconnected network comprised of pores having diameters greater than about 20 ?. The macrostructures can be made by forming an admixture containing a porous organic ion exchanger and a synthesis mixture capable of forming the porous inorganic material; converting the synthesis mixture to the porous inorganic material; and removing the porous organic ion exchanger from the inorganic material.

Abstract: A clean room has a cleaned air feeding apparatus 1 having a rotor 2 adsorbing gaseous chemical substances to an adsorbing part 16 and desorbing the adsorbed gaseous chemical substances at the regenerating part 17. Drive 4 drives the rotor 2 to the adsorbing part 16 and the regenerating part 17. The gaseous chemical substances contained in the air are adsorbed, for removal, to the adsorbing part 16, and cleaned air is fed into a clean room main body 32. Heated regenerated air is fed to the regenerating part 17 so as to desorb the adsorbed gaseous chemical substances from the air.

Abstract: There is provided a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst which can be tailored to optimize its performance and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the zeolite bound zeolite catalyst. The zeolite bound zeolite catalyst comprises a first zeolite and a binder comprising a second zeolite. The structure type of the second zeolite is different from the structure type of the first zeolite. The zeolite bound zeolite finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion process, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.

Abstract: A catalyst composition suitable for reacting hydrocarbons, e.g., conversion processes such as fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) of hydrocarbons, comprises attrition resistant particulate having a high level (30-85%) of stabilized zeolites having a constraint index of 1 to 12. The stabilized zeolite is bound by a phosphorous compound, alumina and optional binders wherein the alumina added to make the catalyst is about 10% by weight or less and the molar ratio of phosphorous (P2O5) to total alumina is sufficient to obtain an attrition index of about 20 or less. The composition can be used as a catalyst per se or as additive catalyst to a conventional catalyst and is especially suitable for enhancing yields of light olefins, and particularly ethylene, produced during conversion processes.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for purifying flue gases before they are released into the atmosphere of their nitrogen oxides N2O and NOx by reaction with ammonia by causing them to circulate at temperatures between 200 and 600° C. on a catalyst based on beta-zeolite loaded with iron. The invention is particularly useful for treating tail gases from factories producing nitric acid.

Abstract: Porous material (1) for catalytic conversion of exhaust gases including a carrier with a first porous structure (2, 2?), and an oxidation catalyst (OX) which in the presence of oxygen (O2), according to a first reaction (3), has the ability to catalyze oxidation of nitrogen monoxide (NO) into nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and, according to a second reaction (4, 4?), to catalyze oxidation of a reducing agent (HC), which oxidation catalyst (OX) is enclosed inside the first porous structure (2, 2?). The invention is characterized in that the oxidation catalyst (OX) includes iron (Fe) and silver (Ag) loaded on a zeolite. The invention also relates to a method and an arrangement and a catalytic conversion device that utilizes the porous material, and indicates an advantageous use of the porous material.

Abstract: A process is provided for the alkylation, transalkylation, or isomerization of aromatic hydrocarbons. The processes comprises contacting aromatic hydrocarbons under conversion conditions with a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst. The zeolite bound zeolite catalyst comprises first crystals of a first large pore zeolite which are bound together by second crystals of a second zeolite.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a stabilized dual zeolite catalyst-comprising two types of zeolites, a low silica molecular sieve and a stabilized high silica zeolite is disclosed. The catalyst is useful for cracking heavier hydrocarbons into lighter useful products.

Abstract: A hydroconversion catalyst for hydrodesulfurizing feedstock while preserving octane number of the feedstock includes a support having a mixture of zeolite and alumina, the zeolite having an Si/Al ratio of between about 1 and about 20, and an active phase on the support and including a first metal selected from group 6 of the periodic table of elements, a second metal selected from the group consisting of group 8, group 9 and group 10 of the period table of elements and a third element selected from group 15 of the periodic table of elements. A hydroconversion process is also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a coated zeolite catalyst in which the accessibility of the acid sites on the external surfaces of the zeolite is controlled and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the coated zeolite catalyst. The zeolite catalyst comprises core crystals of a first zeolite and a discontinuous layer of smaller size second crystals of a second zeolite which cover at least a portion of the external surface of the first crystals The coated zeolite catalyst finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion processes where catalyst activity in combination with zeolite structure are important for reaction selectivity, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.

Abstract: A hydroconversion catalyst for hydrodesulfurizing feedstock while preserving octane number of the feedstock includes a support having a mixture of zeolite and alumina, the zeolite having an Si/Al ratio of between about 1 and about 20, and an active phase on the support and including a first metal selected from group 6 of the periodic table of elements, a second metal selected from the group consisting of group 8, group 9 and group 10 of the period table of elements and a third element selected from group 15 of the periodic table of elements. A hydroconversion process is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cracking catalyst composition comprising a physical mixture of 10-90 weight % of a cracking catalyst A and 90-10 weight % of a cracking catalyst B, whereby catalyst A is a zeolite-containing cracking catalyst, and catalyst B is a catalyst having a higher average pore volume in the pore diameter range of 20-200 Å than catalyst A in the same pore diameter range and not containing M41S material. These compositions can suitably used for the fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feeds with high metal concentrations.

Abstract: A catalyst for purifying exhaust gases, which enables the HC-purification performance to be further improved by suitably arranging an HC-adsorbent. The catalyst includes a coating layer which is composed of alumina and zeolite, and carries a noble metal. The weight ratio of alumina and zeolite in the coating layer ranges from 5:1 to 1:1. Zeolite adsorbs HC when exhaust gases are in a low temperature region, and HC desorbed from zeolite is oxidized and purified with the noble metal.

Abstract: A process for preparing glycol monoethers from olefins comprises reacting the olefins with an epoxidizing reagent in the simultaneous presence of hydroxyl-containing organic compounds over a mixture of epoxidation catalysts and alkoxylation catalysts.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions are described for hydrocarbons cracking containing at least two zeolitic components of which at least one zeolitic component containing aluminium in its structure is selected from among ITQ-7 zeolites, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites, ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, and combinations of them. These combinations are of utility as catalysts for cracking in FCC units and permit C3 and C4 olefins to be efficiently obtained along with high yields of gasoline. Also described is the use of a zeolitic material containing aluminium in its structure and selected from among ITQ-7 zeolites, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites, ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, and combinations of them, as a catalytic material in hydrocarbon catalytic cracking processes.

Abstract: There is provided a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst which does not contain significant amount of non-zeolitic binder and can be tailored to optimize its performance and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the zeolite bound zeolite catalyst. The zeolite bound zeolite catalyst comprises core crystals containing first crystals of a first zeolite and optionally second crystals of a second zeolite having a composition, structure type, or both that is different from said first zeolite and binder crystals containing third crystals of a third zeolite and optionally fourth crystals of a fourth zeolite having a composition, structure type, or both that is different from said third zeolite. If the core crystals do not contain the second crystals of the second zeolite, then the binder crystals must contain the fourth crystals of the fourth zeolite. The zeolite bound zeolite finds application in hydrocarbon conversion processes, e.g.

Abstract: There is provided a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst which does not contain significant amount of non-zeolitic binder and can be tailored to optimize its performance and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the zeolite bound zeolite catalyst. The zeolite bound zeolite catalyst comprises core crystals containing first crystals of a first zeolite and optionally second crystals of a second zeolite having a composition, structure type, or both that is different from said first zeolite and binder crystals containing third crystals of a third zeolite and optionally fourth crystals of a fourth zeolite having a composition, structure type, or both that is different from said third zeolite. If the core crystals do not contain the second crystals of the second zeolite, then the binder crystals must contain the fourth crystals of the fourth zeolite. The zeolite bound zeolite finds application in hydrocarbon conversion processes, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly active midbarrel hydrocracking catalyst and a process for the preparation thereof. The support of the catalyst comprises a modified zeolite-Y, a modified zeolite-&bgr;, alumina, etc. The composite of the modified zeolite-Y and zeolite-&bgr; exhibits a good synergistically catalytic effect. The catalyst prepared by supporting Group VIB and/or Group VIII metal components is useful in the hydrocacking of heavy oils with high content of sulfur and nitrogen to produce high quality middle distillates with maximum output. The activity of and selectivity to middle distillates of the catalyst are remarkably raised simultaneously. Moreover, the solidifying point of the produced diesel is remarkably lowered.

Abstract: A catalyst and process for converting carbon dioxide into oxygenates. The catalyst comprises copper, zinc, aluminum, gallium, and a solid acid.

Abstract: There is provided catalysts and conversion processes for converting hydrocarbons using the catalysts. The catalysts comprises a first alumino-phosphospho-molecular sieves and a binder comprising a second alumino-phopho-molecular sieves. Exemplary conversion processes include the conversion of oxygenates to olefins, dewaxing, reforming, dealkylation, dehydrogenation, transalkylation, alkylation, and isomerization.

Abstract: One embodiment of a non-precious metal catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprises an alkali metal oxide component comprising lithium oxide, in combination with an alkaline earth support component, wherein the alkaline earth support component is an alkaline earth zeolite catalyst, an alkaline earth alumina catalyst, or a mixture thereof. Another embodiment of a non-precious metal catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprises a substrate supporting a coating having more than about 6 weight percent of a lithium oxide component in combination with less than about 49 weight percent of an barium zeolite catalyst component and less than about 42 weight percent of a barium alumina catalyst component and not more than about 7 weight percent of a ceramic oxide binder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel family of zeolite adsorbents comprising a mixture of zeolite X and zeolite LSX, these adsorbents being predominantly exchanged with sodium or with strontium. These adsorbents are particularly suited to the decarbonatation of gas flows contaminated by CO2.

Abstract: An agricultural and horticultural plant growth zeolite-based composition containing a particular zeolitic (i.e., zeolite-containing) material, termed “Jordanite,” is disclosed. This composition exhibits a collection of outstanding advantageous properties in agricultural and horticultural applications. Jordanite, which is found in a particular area of Jordan, comprises primarily phillipsite as the zeolite, optionally in conjunction with palagonite. Jordanite provides surprisingly better results as compared to when other zeolite-based soil amendment compositions, even when it is used as the mined material that has been only subject to a grinding or crushing operation to a desired mesh size. As mined, Jordanite contains very low levels of undesired Na+ ions. It can, therefore, be used without being subjected to a washing operation to remove these ions. Jordanite also possesses a very high CEC.

Abstract: There is provided a coated zeolite catalyst in which the accessibility of the acid sites on the external surfaces of the zeolite is controlled and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the coated zeolite catalyst. The zeolite catalyst comprises core crystals of a first zeolite and a discontinuous layer of smaller size second crystals of a second zeolite which cover at least a portion of the external surface of the first crystals The coated zeolite catalyst finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion processes where catalyst activity in combination with zeolite structure are important for reaction selectivity, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.

Abstract: This invention is drawn to a catalyst system comprising two or more molecular sieves, including at least one non-zeolitic molecular sieve and one zeolitic aluminosilicate, having specified contrasting pore structures and to a process for isomerizing a non-equilibrium mixture of xylenes and ethylbenzene using the subject catalyst system to obtain an improved yield of para-xylene from the mixture relative to prior-art processes.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions are described for hydrocarbons cracking containing at least two zeolitic components of which at least one zeolitic component containing aluminium in its structure is selected from among ITQ-7 zeolites, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites, ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, and combinations of them. These combinations are of utility as catalysts for cracking in FCC units and permit C3 and C4 olefins to be efficiently obtained along with high yields of gasoline. Also described is the use of a zeolitic material containing aluminium in its structure and selected from among ITQ-7 zeolites, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites, ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, intergrowths of ITQ-7 zeolites exchanged with rare earths, and combinations of them, as a catalytic material in hydrocarbon catalytic cracking processes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a catalyst composition for FCC which has high efficiency in the production of light olefins while maintaining the bottoms conversion. The catalyst composition is prepared by: a) ex situ activating an olefin-selective zeolite with at least 10 wt % of a phosphorus-containing compound, calculated as P2O5 based on the total amount of olefin-selective zeolite. b) combining the activated olefin-selective zeolite with 10-40 wt % catalytic cracking component, binder, and 0-25 wt % silica in a slurry, so that the total amount of amorphous alumina present in the final catalyst composition is at least 10 wt %, and c) spray-drying the slurry to form catalyst particles.

Abstract: Zeolite based material and a method for making the zeolite, comprising a zeolite having a silica/alumina ratio of at least 300 and a surface area of 250 m2/g and no greater than about 20 parts, by weight, of a silica binder. The combination of properties this zeolite based material exhibits includes the following: (1) a modulus of rupture of at least 1500 psi; (2) a surface area of at least 100 m2/g; (3) a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than about +/−10 ppm/° C.; and, (4) a thermal shock resistance of at least 850° C. The zeolite-based material can include a third component, specifically a gamma alumina having a specific surface area of greater than 100 m2/g.

Abstract: Disclosed is a molecular sieve catalyst which contains molecular sieve-containing attrition particles and virgin molecular sieve, the attrition particles having been recycled from a catalyst manufacture process or from a reaction system. The catalyst can be used in a variety of catalytic reaction processes. A desired process is making olefins from an oxygenate feedstock. The recovery and use of the attrition particles in the catalyst is beneficial in minimizing waste, thereby reducing problems relating to both environmental and economic constraints.

Abstract: There is provided catalysts and conversion processes for converting hydrocarbons using the catalysts. The catalysts comprises a first alumino-phosphospho-molecular sieves and a binder comprising a second alumino-phopho-molecular sieves. Exemplary conversion processes include the conversion of oxygenates to olefins, dewaxing, reforming, dealkylation, dehydrogenation, transalkylation, alkylation, and isomerization.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying catalyst is constructed by laminating sequentially a first layer containing alumina, a second layer containing hydrocarbon adsorbent, and a third layer containing catalytic components on a monolithic support in which a cell sectional shape is a polygon. The second layer has a ratio Lmax/Lmin of a thickest portion (Lmax) at cell corner portions to a thinnest portion (Lmin) at cell flat portions in a range of 1 to 10, and has a thickness of 10 to 500 &mgr;m. The catalyst can achieve the purification of HC, CO, and NOx with good balance, and improve the purification performance of cold HC by controlling a diffusion speed of the exhaust gases that pass through cells in a support and diffuse into a coating layer.

Abstract: There is provided a coated zeolite catalyst in which the accessibility of the acid sites on the external surfaces of the zeolite is controlled and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the coated zeolite catalyst. The zeolite catalyst comprises core crystals of a first zeolite and a discontinuous layer of smaller size second crystals of a second zeolite which cover at least a portion of the external surface of the first crystals The coated zeolite catalyst finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion processes where catalyst activity in combination with zeolite structure are important for reaction selectivity, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.

Abstract: There is provided a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst which can be tailored to optimize its performance and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the zeolite bound zeolite catalyst. The zeolite bound zeolite catalyst comprises a first zeolite and a binder comprising a second zeolite. The structure type of the second zeolite is different from the structure type of the first zeolite. The zeolite bound zeolite finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion process, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.

Abstract: There is provided a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst which can be tailored to optimize its performance and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the zeolite bound zeolite catalyst. The zeolite bound zeolite catalyst comprises a first zeolite and a binder comprising a second zeolite. The structure type of the second zeolite is different from the structure type of the first zeolite. The zeolite bound zeolite finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion process, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cracking catalyst composition comprising a physical mixture of 10-90 weight % of a cracking catalyst A and 90-10 weight % of a cracking catalyst B, whereby catalyst A is a zeolite-containing cracking catalyst, and catalyst B is a catalyst having a higher average pore volume in the pore diameter range of 20-200 Å than catalyst A in the same pore diameter range and not containing M41S material. These compositions can suitably used for the fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feeds with high metal concentrations.

Abstract: There is provided a process for converting hydrocarbons which utilizes a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst that has enhanced performance when utilized in hydrocarbon conversion processes, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportionation of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions. The catalyst comprises a first zeolite having particles of greater than about 0.1 micron average particle size and a binder comprising second zeolite particles having an average particle size less than said first particles.

Abstract: A process is provided for the alkylation, transalkylation, or isomerization of aromatic hydrocarbons. The processes comprises contacting aromatic hydrocarbons under conversion conditions with a zeolite bound zeolite catalyst. The zeolite bound zeolite catalyst comprises first crystals of a first large pore zeolite which are bound together by second crystals of a second zeolite.

Abstract: An HC-adsorbent for an internal combustion engine is mounted in one of a pair of exhaust passages which are provided in parallel to each other in an exhaust pipe downstream of an exhaust emission control catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine and through which an exhaust gas is permitted to flow selectively by a switchover valve. The adsorbent is formed of a mixture of a zeolite having pores of a small diameter equal to or larger than 3.5 Å and smaller than 6 Å and no pore of a small diameter equal to or larger than 6 Å and smaller than 7 Å, and a zeolite having pores of a small diameter equal to or larger than 7 Å and smaller than 10 Å and no pore of a small diameter equal to or larger than 6 Å and smaller than 7 Å. Thus, adsorbed HCs can be desorbed quickly and easily to lower the desorption temperature to the utmost, while ensuring an excellent adsorbing performance for various HCs of different molecular diameters.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising a first solid material comprising a silicoaluminophosphate and a second solid material comprising a zeolite and a compound containing zinc and a metal selected from the group consisting of Group IIIA and Group VIB, and a method of preparing such catalyst system, are disclosed. The thus-obtained catalyst system is employed as a catalyst in the conversion of at least a portion of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising oxygenated hydrocarbons to aromatics (BTX), and, in particular, xylenes.

Abstract: A multiple zeolite catalyst mixture for purifying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, comprising: a first NO2 to N2 to conversion catalyst component; a second O3 conversion catalyst component; a third HC conversion catalyst component; a fourth N2O decomposition catalyst component; and, a fifth VOC reduction catalyst component; wherein the catalyst component mixture includes about 50 to 75 weight percent of the first and second catalyst components, and about 25 to 50 weight percent of the third, fourth, and fifth catalyst components.

Abstract: There is provided a coated zeolite catalyst in which the accessibility of the acid sites on the external surfaces of the zeolite is controlled and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the coated zeolite catalyst. The zeolite catalyst comprises core crystals of a first zeolite and a discontinuous layer of smaller size second crystals of a second zeolite which cover at least a portion of the external surface of the first crystals The coated zeolite catalyst finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion processes where catalyst activity in combination with zeolite structure are important for reaction selectivity, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.

Abstract: A catalyst composition suitable for reacting hydrocarbons, e.g., conversion processes such as fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) of hydrocarbons, comprises attrition resistant particulate having a high level (30-85%) of stabilized zeolites having a constraint index of 1 to 12. The stabilized zeolite is bound by a phosphorous compound, alumina and optional binders wherein the alumina added to make the catalyst is about 10% by weight or less and the molar ratio of phosphorous (P2O5) to total alumina is sufficient to obtain an attrition index of about 20 or less. The composition can be used as a catalyst per se or as additive catalyst to a conventional catalyst and is especially suitable for enhancing yields of light olefins, and particularly ethylene, produced during conversion processes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a biological activator for a septic tank of the type comprising a product in the form of solid particles, which is non-corrosive, non-toxic, finely divided, and of large specific area, comprising a colloidal phase in suspension and a flocculent phase, having a reducing power of mineral origin, its function being to form a support for anaerobic microbial flora in a septic tank in order to increase the bacterial saturation density in a septic tank for an equivalent quantity of nutrients, its specific area being (in m2/g) between about 25 and 66, more particularly between about 35 and 66, and advantageously between about 46 and 60, and a cation exchange capacity (in meq/100 g) between about 9 and 38, more particularly between about 14 and 38, and advantageously between about 24 and 35.