Abstract: Anionic clay compounds such as hydrotalcite-like compounds can be made by a process wherein a non-hydrotalcite-like compound (or a hydrotalcite-like compound) are heat treated and then hydrated to form hydrotalcite-like compounds having properties (e.g., increased hardness and/or density) that differ from those of hydrotalcite-like compounds made by prior art methods wherein non-hydrotalcite-like compounds (or hydrotalcite-like compounds) are not similarly heat treated and hydrated to form such hydrotalcite-like compounds.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a modified kaolin from a kaolin group mineral which includes expansion and contraction of layers of the kaolin group mineral. The layers comprising one Si-tetrahedral sheet and one Al-octahedral sheet. The expansion and contraction may be initiated by initial intercalation of a reagent which can penetrate kaolin layers to reach an interlayer region therebetween to form an intercalate. Subsequently, the intercalation nay be followed by de-intercalation which involves the removal of the reagent. By the above process, there is provided crystalline modified kaolins having the following properties: (i) an increased interlayer space compared to corresponding kaolin group minerals; (ii) an increased susceptibility to intercalation by cations, anions or salts compared to corresponding kaolin group minerals; and (iii) an increased exfoliated morphology compared to corresponding kaolin group minerals.

Abstract: A substantially dust-free, inert absorbent derived from clay is described. Raw clay having strong surface acidity sites is combined with a metal salt, then heat treated to produce vitrified clay granules suitable as a carrier for labile chemical or biological materials.

Abstract: A method for improving the adsorption properties of a hydrocarbon adsorber involves contacting a molecular sieve hydrocarbon adsorber at ambient temperature with an agent for modifying the acid sites of the molecular sieve to impregnate the molecular sieve with the agent. The average pore diameter of the intracrystalline porosity of the molecular sieve is about 3 to 20 angstroms. The agent has an anionic portion which is retained within the structure of the molecular sieve. The modified molecular sieve has the ability to retain adsorbed hydrocarbons at higher temperatures than the unmodified molecular sieve. The acid-modified molecular sieve can be used to remove hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon-containing stream. The hydrocarbon-containing stream is passed through the modified adsorber at atmospheric pressure at a temperature ranging from room temperature to about 150.degree. C. to cause adsorption and retention of the hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst comprising at least one catalytic element, and a support comprising 20-99% by weight of at least one matrix, 1-80% by weight of at least one 2:1 dioctahedral phyllosilicate containing fluorine and 0-30% by weight of at least one Y zeolite. The catalytic element is from groups VI and/or VIII. Phosphorous can be present. The invention also concerns a process for the hydroconversion of said catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising at least one catalytic element, and a support comprising 20-99% by weight of at least one matrix, 1-80% by weight of at least one 2:1 trioctahedral phyllosilicate containing fluorine and 0-30% by weight of at least one Y zeolite, in which the catalytic element is from groups VI and/or VIII, and phosphorous can be present, as well as a process for the hydroconversion of petroleum with said catalyst.

Abstract: Stable, zirconia-pillared clays of reduced gallery height, useful as supports for hydroconversion catalysts, are prepared by treating clays with a zirconium compound, a surfactant and water, and compositing the reduced gallery height clay with suitable metal or metals.

Abstract: Zeolites exchanged with lithium ions and, optionally, with polyvalent cations are prepared by ion-exchanging a sodium-containing zeolite, a potassium-containing zeolite or a sodium- and potassium-containing zeolite with ammonium ions, thereby replacing the sodium and/or potassium ions with ammonium ions, and then reacting the ammonium ion-exchanged zeolite with a water-soluble lithium compound under conditions which result in the removal of ammonia from the reaction zone. Polyvalent ions, which may be present in the zeolite undergoing ion-exchange, will not be substantially replaced by the ammonium or lithium ions.

Abstract: A catalyst composition, a process for producing the composition, and a hydrotreating process for converting a hydrocarbon stream such as, for example, gasoline, to olefins and C.sub.6 to C.sub.8 aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylenes are disclosed. The catalyst composition comprises a zeolite, a clay, and optionally a coke suppressor and/or an activity promoter. The process for producing the composition comprises the steps: (1) optionally contacting a zeolite with steam whereby a steamed zeolite is formed; (2) optionally contacting a zeolite or the steamed zeolite with an acid to produce an acid-leached zeolite; (3) combining a zeolite, which can also be the steamed zeolite or the acid-leached zeolite, with a clay under a condition sufficient to bind the clay to the zeolite to produce a clay-bound zeolite; and (4) calcining the clay-bound zeolite to produce a calcined clay-bound zeolite.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for immobilizing an oily or non-polar substance in a concrete matrix comprising the following steps:(a) absorbing the said oily or non-polar substance into a calcined clay mineral;(b) incorporating the calcined clay mineral and absorbed oily or non-polar substance formed in step (i) in a hardenable concrete mix; and(c) permitting the resultant concrete mix to harden.

Abstract: Stable, zirconia-pillared clays of reduced gallery height, useful as supports for hydroconversion catalysts, are prepared by treating clays with a zirconium compound, a surfactant and water, and compositing the reduced gallery height clay with suitable metal or metals.

Abstract: A catalyst composition and a process for using of the catalyst composition in a hydrocarbon conversion process are disclosed. The composition comprises an inorganic support, a Group VA metal or metal oxide, and optionally a Group IVA metal or metal oxide and a Group VIII metal or metal oxide. The process comprises contacting a fluid which comprises at least one saturated hydrocarbon with the catalyst composition under a condition sufficient to effect the conversion of the hydrocarbon to an olefin. Also disclosed is a process for producing the catalyst composition.

Abstract: An agent for recovering heavy metal cations from an aqueous effluent, including a silicate or aluminosilicate type compound, e.g. an alkali metal silicate or aluminosilicate, and a carbonate type compound, e.g. an alkali metal carbonate, and preferably a carrier such as a lay. The agent may also form a cation stabilizer. Said agent is useful for removing or stabilizing heavy metal cations in the water used for cleaning flue gases from waste incineration, particularly household refuse and industrial waste incineration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a non-aqueous liquid such as phenols, glycols, aromatic hydrocarbons, diesel fuel, kerosene, and mixtures thereof as a moistening agent in a packed bed process, wherein the packed bed contains a composition for removing sulfur compounds from fluid streams, the composition containing a carrier composition, an iron oxide composition, and a non-aqueous liquid moistening agent. The non-aqueous liquid moistening agent is used in place of water and thus avoids the problems associated with using water as a moistening agent.

Abstract: A porous clay heterostructure of a 2:1 layered silicate prepared by a gallery templated synthesis method is described. The method uses an inorganic oxide, a neutral amine surf surfactant and a quaternary onium ion surfactant in the galleries of the 2:1 layered silicate. The structure is then calcined to remove the surfactants which act as a template to produce the porous clay heterostructure. The structure is useful for cracking catalysts, molecular sieves and adsorbents.

Abstract: The invention provides a range of modified organoclays comprising intercalated moieties to provide an effective mechanism for attracting organic compounds into the interlamellar spaces in close proximity to other intercalated reactants. The intercalated moieties provide three functions, namely (a) pillaring to create adequate interlamellar spacing to provide access for larger molecules, e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls and poly aromatic hydrocarbons, (b) organophilic attraction of like polarity organic compounds, and (c) a reactive environment in which the organic substrates can be permanently bonded to the clay surfaces and pillaring agents. The invention also resides in methods of treating soil or other materials with such modified organoclays in order to remove or bind hazardous organic molecules.

Abstract: A catalyst is disclosed which comprises a clay belonging to the family of smectites, containing multi-metal pillars, together with a process which uses such a catalyst for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons by means of long chain linear olefins. The resulting alkyl-aromatic compounds are useful for preparing biodegradable synthetic detergents.

Abstract: A method for making a synthetic mixed metal oxide or meixnerite which, when activated, has a high B.E.T. surface area, typically about 290 m.sup.2 /g or greater. The method comprises activating hydrotalcite, then cooling and hydrating such activated material with a metal salt solution in a carbon dioxide-free environment. Such hydration can produce a material that absorbs more than 100% of its weight in water. Following hydration, this material is activated a second time in a virtually carbon dioxide-free environment. Such reactivation decomposes the salt and leaves a supported metal oxide readily available to be used for catalyst reactions.

Abstract: A catalyst for the preparation of benzene, toluene and xylene from C.sub.9.sup.+ heavy aromatics consists of zeolite ZSM-5 and .gamma.- or .eta.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 as carrier, Re, Sn and Pt or Pd supported on the carrier. Under the conditions of 350.degree.-450.degree. C., 0.5-3.5 MPa, a WHSV of 1-5 h.sup.-1 and a H.sub.2 /HC ratio (v/v) of 500-1200, the catalyst achieves high activity and stability as well as low hydrogen consumption.

Abstract: A process for significantly improving the physical and catalytic properties of fluid cracking catalysts (FCC) is disclosed. The invention is a process for manufacturing a fluid cracking catalyst. The process includes adding an effective amount of an acid stable surfactant or an alkaline stable surfactant to a slurry of clay particles and sodium silicate particles. The process then includes forming a sol binder and spray drying the particles. Forming of the dried particles into a catalyst product then occurs.

Abstract: A porous clay heterostructure of a 2:1 layered silicate prepared by a gallery templated synthesis method is described. The method uses an inorganic oxide, a neutral amine surfactant and a quaternary onium ion surfactant in the galleries of the 2:1 layered silicate. The structure is then calcined to remove the surfactants which act as a template to produce the porous clay heterostructure. The structure is useful for cracking catalysts, molecular sieves and adsorbents.

Abstract: A honeycomb structural body is obtained by mixing 60.about.80 wt % of aggregate, which does not show a transformation of crystal structures substantially up to 500.degree. C., and 20.about.40 wt % of clay to obtain a mixture, adding phosphate as a hardening agent to the mixture in such a manner that more than 2.0 wt % of phosphoric acid exists therein with respect to 100 wt % of the mixture, adding a forming agent and a water to the mixture to obtain a formable batch, extruding the batch into a honeycomb structure to obtain a honeycomb structural formed body, drying the honeycomb structural formed body, and subjecting the honeycomb structural formed body to a heat treatment in 300.degree..about.500.degree. C. The thus obtained honeycomb structural body has excellent catalyst carrying property and fireproof property, which are used as a catalyst carrier for ozone dissolving, deodorizing and so on in an inexpensive manner.

Abstract: A porous material composed of many SiO.sub.4 tetrahedra sheets having interlayer bridges of SiO.sub.2. It has pores having a diameter of 10 .ANG. or above, and possesses the properties of a solid acid formed by the isomorphous substitution of metal atoms for Si of SiO.sub.4 frameworks. It is made by a process including introducing an organic substance into interlayer space of crystals of layered silicates to expand the spacing between crystal layers, as well as forming bridges of SiO.sub.2 therebetween, bringing the intercalated compounds into contact with a metal salt to link metal atoms to the SiO.sub.4 frameworks, and firing the products. The material can withstand a temperature of 800.degree. C., has a pore diameter larger than that of zeolites, etc., and is useful in making an adsorbent or catalyst for molecules having a high molecular weight, such as a catalyst for the catalytic cracking of petroleum.

Abstract: A method and nickel-containing catalyst are disclosed for preparing synthesis gas by the reforming of a hydrocarbyl compound using an oxygen-containing compound.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of an .alpha.-tocopherol derivatives which are useful as antisterile vitamins, hypolipidemic blood flow increasing agents, anti-cytosenility agents, antioxidants and the like. Catalysts are also provided.The .alpha.-tocopherol derivatives are represented by the following formula (VII): ##STR1## wherein n stands for 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5. The derivative can be industrially prepared by employing as catalyst a metal ion-exchanged montmorillonite, metal ion-exchanged bentonite or metal ion-exchanged saponite which is substituted with one metal ion selected from the group consisting of scandium, yttrium, lanthanide element, aluminium, iron, tin, copper, titanium, zinc, nickel, gallium or zirconium.

Abstract: A method and nickel-containing catalyst are disclosed for preparing synthesis gas by the reforming of a hydrocarbyl compound using an oxygen-containing compound.

Abstract: A class of highly stable supergallery pillared clay compositions that have a basal spacing up to 55 .ANG. corresponding a gallery height of 35 .ANG. for samples dried at room temperature and a basal spacing up to 45 .ANG. corresponding a gallery height of 255 .ANG. for samples steamed at 800.degree. C. for 17 hours. Said compositions are prepared by special procedures including pillaring reaction in presence of poly (vinyl alcohol) as a pillaring precursor, an aging process at pH of around 4 to 9, and a calcinating or steaming treatment at high temperature. The new compositions exhibit catalytic properties and adsorption properties superior to prior art pillared clays. Said compositions are useful as catalysts for carbonium-ion reaction, and as adsorbents and catalyst carriers. They are especially suitable for preparing microspheric cracking catalysts for heavy oil or residual feedstock.

Abstract: The use of base/clay composites materials as sorbents for the removal of SO.sub.2 and SO.sub.3 (SO.sub.x) from flue gas and other sulfur containing gas streams is described. The base is either an alkaline earth metal carbonate (eg. CaCO.sub.3) or hydroxide (eg. Ca(OH).sub.2) is incorporated onto the clay by precipitating from corresponding metal oxide (eg. CaO) in an aqueous clay slurry. A second metal oxide or oxide precursor, preferably selected from transition metal ions, capable of promoting the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide, is incorporated to the base/clay composite during the synthesis in the form of finely divided metal oxide powder, metal oxide sol, water soluble metal salt or as clay-intercalated metal cation. The use of clay as dispersing agent for both the basic oxide and the second metal oxide component decreases the particle agglomeration of base particles and increases the rate of SO.sub.x uptake compared to the bulk bases in current use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of a layered, clay-like material starting from a silicon oxide containing material in a finely divided state by reacting a glass phase containing material at a pH from 5 to 8, in the presence of water, with a source of layer-forming metal ions and an activator for the formation of clay under atmospheric conditions to obtain a material with a stable structure. Preferably aluminium and/or magnesium ions are employed as layer-forming metal ions. Furthermore, according to a suitable embodiment, boron glass or cullet is employed as a material containing silicon oxide. The conversion of the mixture of materials into a substance having an ordered structure takes place preferably at a pH of approximately 7 and a temperature of 30.degree.-45.degree. C., in which the starting materials appropriately have a particle size of approximately 100 microns. An activator for the formation of clay is added to accelerate the process of conversion.

Abstract: A process for the production of an adsorbent suitable for use in the purification of edible oils such as soya oil comprising treating a layered clay mineral with a solution of a pillaring material such as a suitable aluminum cation so as to cause the adsorption of at least some of the pillaring material into the clay mineral and removing solvent to deposit pillaring material within the clay mineral, the process being characterized by the removal of at least some structural aluminum from the clay mineral by an acid treatment prior to contact with the pillaring material. The resulting pillared material, which can have a higher SiO.sub.2 :Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio than normal as a result of the initial acid treatment can give chlorophyll adsorption capacity above 70% and even, in some instances, up to about 99%.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying catalyst is characterized in that at least one kind of catalyst metal is loaded on a layered porous silica or a layered porous silica-metal oxide. The exhaust gas purifying catalyst is used as an oxidation catalyst for purifying hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide, or a reduction catalyst for purifying nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x), which is suitable for purifying exhaust gases in automobiles. An exhaust gas purifying apparatus includes the above exhaust gas purifying catalyst and an absorbent for trapping hydrocarbon components, in which aromatic HC such as trimethylbenzene and the like are effectively trapped.

Abstract: A method is described for capturing ecologically harmful substances, both of organic and inorganic nature, by absorbing these substances on a zeolite or on a swellable, layered clay which has been modified with hydroxyaluminium to form an aluminium-rich zeolite or a pillared clay containing pillars of aluminium hydroxide complexes, the aluminium-rich zeolite or aluminium-pillared cationic or anionic clay having been treated, prior to the absorption, with a salt of an inorganic acid, preferably with a phosphate. If the treatment is carried out with a salt of a rare earth element, superpillars are formed in the clay, as a result of which a clay having a great absorbency in addition to a large rate of flow is obtained. By treating the pillared clay with a quaternary ammonium compound, a doubly modified clay is formed which is exceedingly suitable for treating material which has been polluted with a combination of organic and inorganic ecologically harmful substances, and in particular polluted with heavy metals.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide by partial oxidation of hydrocarbyl compounds using a source of oxygen comprising molecular oxygen, carbon dioxide, or mixtures thereof in the presence of a catalyst comprising thermally stable mixtures formed by heat treating a hydrotalcite-like compound.

Abstract: This present invention includes a composition of matter made up of a kandite clay which has been treated with large molecules containing multi-atom metallic or semi-metallic species and heated to produce pillars within the clay which are located generally between the clay's layers. The pillared kandite composition is useful as a catalyst support, sorbent, or ion exchanger.The present invention also includes a process for producing the pillared kandite composition comprises mixing the finely divided clay in an aqueous solution with the pillaring medium and heating the resulting composition at a temperature high enough to decompose the added compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a treated pillared clay made by the process comprising the steps of:(A) contacting at least one clay with an effective amount of at least one ammonium ion source to exchange sodium and/or calcium ions in said clay for ammonium ions to provide an ammonium-containing clay, said clay comprising metal oxides and hydroxides and having a lamellar structure with lamellar layers and interlamellar spaces disposed between the lamellar layers and exchangeable sodium and/or calcium ions occupying said interlamellar spaces;(B) contacting said ammonium-containing clay with an effective amount of at least one source of fluorine to replace at least part of the hydroxyl groups in said clay with fluorine to provide a fluorine- and ammonium-containing clay;(C) contacting said fluorine- and ammonium-containing clay with an effective amount of at least one pillaring agent to form a fluorine-containing pillared clay; and(D) contacting said fluorine-containing pillared clay with an effective amount of at l

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising zeolite Beta and a layered magnesium silicate such as sepiolite is especially suited for use in combination with one or more hydrogenation components as a catalyst for hydrocracking various types of feedstocks.

Abstract: A method and nickel-containing catalyst are disposed for preparing synthesis gas by the reforming of a hydrocarbyl compound using an oxygen-containing compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a porous sepiolite having an improved water-resistance and thermal shock resistance obtained by grinding, moisture-conditioning and molding sepiolite, and then calcining said molded sepiolite at a temperature in the range of about 650.degree. C. to about 800.degree. C. Also disclosed is a porous sepiolite having a large specific surface area, wherein the pores having a pore diameter of 50 angstroms or less have a specific surface area in the range of from 40 to 200 m.sup.2 /g and in which no less than 20% of the total surface of the sepiolite is occupied with the pores having a pore diameter of 50 angstroms or less and wherein the pore distribution curve of the sepiolite has a main peak at a pore diameter of no more than 50 angstroms. This sepiolite is obtained by grinding, moisture-conditioning and molding sepiolite, calcining the same at a temperature in the range of about 650.degree. to about 800.degree. C., and then subjecting said calcined sepiolite to an acid treatment.

Abstract: Novel pillared clay compositions have been synthesized. The clay contains pillars which are at least partially fluorided. These pillars are metal fluoro hydroxy cations where the metal can be Al, Zr, Si/Al, Ti or Cr. The clays which can be pillared with these pillars are the smectite clays which include hectorite and beidellite along with synthetically prepared smectite clays. These clays are prepared by pillaring the clay, followed by calcination and then treatment with a fluoride salt such as ammonium bifluoride. Finally, these fluorided pillared clays find applications in hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation.

Abstract: A highly microporous adsorbent material is formed as a composite of a natural or synthetic clay or clay-like mineral matrix intercalated with an active carbon. The mineral is prepared and selected to have a selected interlayer spacing between microcrystalline sheets. An organic polymeric precursor is contacted therewith to fill the matrix interstices. Then the precursor is polymerized and carbonized to yield the adsorbent material in which the carbon is intercalated into the mineral matrix. The mineral can be naturally occurring smectite or synthetic hydrotalcite.

Abstract: The method enables the creation of a pillared layered clay (a PILC) by contacting the clay with a pillaring precursor and delivering energy to the reaction mixture to intercalate the precursor into the clay. The pillaring precursor is an electrically neutral organometallic molecule with a carbon-metal bond which is susceptible to proton attack whereby protons donated from sites of Bronsted acidity in the clay cleave the carbon-metal bond to yield an organic fragment of the precursor and a metal-containing pillaring fragment. A preferred precursor is Ph.sub.2 SnCl.sub.2.

Abstract: A process for preparing pillared chromium ribbon-like silicate clay .alpha.-olefin catalysts is disclosed which comprises contacting a ribbon-like clay selected from the group consisting of sepiolites with a chromium solution. Preparation of said chromium solution comprises the steps of:a) dissolving a chromium salt and a base in water by heating solution at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. thereby producing a first chromium solution having a pH in the range of about 1.5 to 2.5;b) diluting said first chromium solution with water so as to produce a second chromium solution wherein first chromium solution is diluted such that the ratio of added water to first chromium solution is in the range of about 5 ml H.sub.2 O to about 10 mls H.sub.2 O to per ml first solution, and thereafter heating said second chromium solution at a temperature in the range of about 60.degree. C. to about 95.degree. C.

Abstract: Adsorbent media are prepared by contacting support material with iron containing solutions, followed by drying to coat the support material with iron. Support materials such as sand and olivine are described. The adsorbent material can be used to remove metal contaminants and natural organic matter from water.

Abstract: A pillared clay possessing the ability to exchange cations is produced by a method which comprises heating a cation-exchange clay consisting of (1) silicate layers composed of octahedrons of alumina having part of the aluminum thereof substituted by magnesium or octahedrons of magnesia having part of the magnesium thereof substituted by lithium and tetrahedrons of silica and parallelly arranged in a state assuming negative electric charge and (2) exchangeable cations interposed between the silicate layers in a state retaining an electric charge balance with the negative electric charge of the silicate layers, thereby causing part of the exchangeable cations to be fixed in the silicate layers and inducing a decrease in the cation-exchange capacity of the clay, then cross-linking the interstices between the silicate layers of the clay, and thereafter causing liberation of the fixed cations.

Abstract: By continuously or intermittently adding amounts of magnetically active moieties, e.g. iron compounds, over time so that the moiety deposits on a catalyst or sorbent in a fluid catalytic cracker or similar circulating hydrocarbon conversion unit, older catalyst, being more magnetic, can be readily separated from catalyst which has been in the system a shorter time. Separation is readily accomplished by passing the catalyst and/or sorbent through a magnetic field and discarding the more magnetic 50% by wt. or more preferably 20% by wt., while recycling the remainder back to the hydrocarbon conversion unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for manufacturing an inorganic porous layered member which can maintain a sufficient distance between layers to show a high degree of heat insulating properties. In the manufacturing method for the inorganic porous layered member according to the present invention, an inorganic layered compound 12 having swelling charecteristics is swelled, and an inorganic pillar and an organic pillar are intercalated to form inorganic compound 16 between layers 14 of the inorganic layered compound 12. Fine gaps are thus formed in a wide range by the intercalation of the inorganic compound 16 between the layers 14 to maintain a sufficient distance between the layers 14, and the inorganic porous layered member 10 having high heat insulating properties is thus produced.

Abstract: Pillared clay based high activity olefin polymerization catalysts, methods of producing the catalysts and methods of using the catalysts in the polymerization of olefins are provided. The methods of producing the catalysts each basically comprise contacting a pillared clay with the soluble complex produced by heating a mixture of a metal dihalide with a transition metal compound to produce a solid, and then reacting the solid with an organoaluminum halide. The process produces catalyst components shaped like dipyramidal or generally "football"-shaped crystals.

Abstract: A laminar clay having ion-exchange property is mixed with a solution containing polynuclear metal hydroxo cations or positively charged hydroxide or oxide fine particles to serve as precursor ions (3) of inorganic pillars so as to exchange a part of cations (2) between clay layers (1) with the precursor ions (3) of the inorganic pillars. Next, the laminar clay thus obtained is heat-treated at 100.degree. to 900.degree. C. to generate a porous clay intercalation compound, this porous clay intercalation compound is mixed with an ammonium salt aqueous solution to ion-exchange remaining cations (2) with ammonium ions (5). This porous clay intercalation compound is heat treated again at 200.degree. to 900.degree. C. to desorb ammonia, so as to allow hydrogen ions (6) to be carried in the pore portions of the porous clay intercalation compound and on its surface portions.

Abstract: A cracking catalyst composition comprising a zeolitic, crystalline aluminosilicate, a matrix material and a barium titanium oxide. The catalyst composition is particularly suitable for cracking metal-containing hydrocarbon feedstocks.

Abstract: A cracking catalyst composition comprising a zeolitic, crystalline aluminosilicate, a matrix material and a barium titanium oxide. The catalyst composition is particularly suitable for cracking metal-containing hydrocarbon feedstocks.