Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and kits for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a subject. Particularly, the present invention relates to a specific antibody profile useful in diagnosing SLE in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to restricted access media (RAM), methods for preparing restricted access media, and kits for preparing restricted access media that contain protected ligand binding agents or protected enzymes. Certain RAM provided contain a plurality of protected regions of the support that contain ligand binding agents that are protected by blocking agents. Certain RAM provided contain a plurality of protected regions of the support that contain unbound ligand binding agents or enzymes that are retained in the protected regions by a capping agent.

Abstract: A biochip includes a plurality of microchannels; and a plurality of probes disposed in an inner wall of each of the plurality of microchannels forming a one-dimensional array. The one-dimensional array of probes are configured to react with a sample in the microchannel. The plurality of microchannels are arranged such that the plurality of probes of the plurality of microchannels form a two-dimensional or three-dimensional array.

Abstract: The invention provides a rapid, quantitative assay to directly assess the impact of a diverse range of sugars upon the sugar-mediated uptake of corresponding sugar-conjugates into various cell types.

Abstract: This invention relates to conjugate probes and optical detection of analytes. More specifically, this invention relates to conjugate probes which are used to form an array for a biosensor employing optical detection of analytes.

Abstract: A compound synthesis method includes bonding a first compound to a substrate to form a first film. A second film is formed on the first film using an acid-transfer composition including (A) a polymer that includes a structural unit shown by a following formula (1) and a structural unit shown by a following formula (2), (B) a photoacid generator shown by a following formula (3), and (C) a sensitizer shown by a following formula (4). The second film is exposed to remove the protecting group from the first compound under an exposed are of the second film. An acid generated in the exposed area of the second film is transferred to the first film. The second film after being exposed is removed. A second compound is bonded to the first compound from which the protecting group has been removed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and systems that may be used for analysis of nutraceutical associated components.

Abstract: A composition can include a nanostructure, and a linker associated with the nanostructure, wherein the linker is configured to interact with a capture protein. The nanostructure can include a single-walled carbon nanotube. A plurality of the compositions can be configured in an array.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for controlling the surface properties are described. Compounds of the invention can form radicals upon exposure to irradiation, which can then react with nearby molecules to alter the surface properties of various substrates. The invention can provide surfaces that are resistant to dewetting, surfaces that have immobilized molecules such as carbohydrates and polymers immobilized, and surfaces that have metals deposited on the surface. The invention can be utilized in a wide range of application, such as sensors, microreactors, microarrays, electroless deposition of metals, and the like.

Abstract: The application discloses a process for making a polymer having pendant side groups comprising: (i) polymerising an olefinically unsaturated monomer functionalized with (a) an azide group optionally protected by a protecting group, or (b) an alkyne group optionally protected by a protecting group, by living radical polymerization, most preferably RAFT, transitional metal mediated living radical polymerization (TMM-LRP) and/or atom transfer radical polymerization, to produce a polymer intermediate; (ii) removing, when present, at least a portion of the total number of protecting groups from the polymer intermediate; (iii) reacting the polymer intermediate with at least one pendant side group moiety functionalised with (a) an alkyne group or (b) an azide group respectively so that the alkyne and azide groups react to attach the pendant side group to the polymer. Processes for making supports comprising pendant side groups, and polymers and supports prepared by the method are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient modular chemical synthesis for heparan sulfate oligosaccharides based on orthogonal protection strategies. Modular disaccharide building blocks, themselves the product of a novel combinatorial synthesis, are combined in numerous ways to produce a range of oligosaccharides.

Abstract: Methods for the detection and screening of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) patients and for the monitoring of EAC treatment using a panel or panels of small molecule metabolite biomarkers are disclosed. In other aspects, methods for detection and screening for the progression of high-risk conditions (BE and HOD) to EAC and to monitoring treatment using a panel or panels of small molecule metabolite biomarkers are disclosed. The biomarkers are sensitive and specific for the detection of EAC, and can also be used to classify Barrett's esophagus (BE) and high-grade dysplasia (HOD), which are widely regarded as precursors of EAC.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to performing sandwich assays in droplets. In certain embodiments, the invention provides methods for detecting a target analyte that involve forming a compartmentalized portion of fluid including a portion of a sample suspected of containing a target analyte and a sample identifier, a first binding agent having a target identifier, and a second binding agent specific to the target analyte under conditions that produce a complex of the first and second binding agents with the target analyte, separating the complexes, and detecting the complexes, thereby detecting the target analyte.

Abstract: Described herein are inventive compositions and methods relating to sampling of biopolymers and, in particular, to fractional sampling of biopolymers. In one aspect, embodiments are generally related to unique biopolymer species where a fraction of each biopolymer species contains a cleavable linker. The biopolymer species may, in some embodiments, be attached to a surface. For example, the biopolymer species may be attached to beads. In some embodiments, a portion of a unique biopolymer species may be sampled by cleaving the cleavable linker. In some cases, the sample may be analyzed to determine the sequence of the biopolymer.

Abstract: A method of recognizing the development of an Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) process in an individual, wherein the method comprises steps of: profiling specific antibody reactivities or biomarkers associated with AMI susceptibility, the profiling comprises steps of: attaching a set of defined antigens to a substrate; obtaining a biological fluid derived specimen from an individual, the specimen containing a specific antibody repertoire; and binding said antibodies of the biological fluid specimen to the attached antigens thereby forming bound antibody antigen complexes; and analyzing results obtained, wherein the presence of the complexes is indicative of AMI.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for arrays, systems, and methods for the analyzing cells, methods of making arrays, and the like.

Abstract: Using neoglycosylation, the impact of differential glycosylation upon the divergent anticancer and anti-HIV properties of the triterpenoid betulinic acid (BA) was examined. Each member from a library of 37 differentially glycosylated BA variants was tested for anticancer and anti-HIV activities. Enhanced analogs for both desired activities were discovered with the corresponding antitumor or antiviral enhancements diverging, based upon the appended sugar, into two distinct compound subsets.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting of an analyte in a solution phase comprises a plurality of functionalised silver nanoplates wherein a functionalising agent is directly bonded to the surfaces of the nanoplates. The nanoplates provide a detectable wavelength shift change in their local surface plasmon resonance spectrum in response to the binding of an analyte. Two or more of the nanoplates may be electromagnetically coupled.

Abstract: A library of glycosylated chlorambucil analogs which are useful as anti-tumor and/or anti-metastatic agents is disclosed. The glycosylated chlorambucil analogs have the general formula wherein represents a reducing sugar moiety.

Abstract: A monosaccharide compound of formula I as shown in the specification. Processes for the preparation of the compound of formula I and methods of screening for antibacterial or antibiotic compounds involving the compound of formula I.

Abstract: Sensor array for detecting biomarkers for cancer in breath samples. The sensor array is based on 2D films or 3D assemblies of conductive nanoparticles capped with an organic coating wherein the nanoparticles are characterized by a narrow size distribution. Methods of use of the sensor array for discriminating between patterns of volatile organic compounds from healthy individuals and patients with various types of cancer are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of at least one sorbent having at least two different groups, which are capable of binding, for the selective binding of a substrate, characterized in that it comprises the steps (i) to (ii): (i) determining at least two groups capable of binding a sorbent from a synthetic or natural first substrate, (ii) respectively applying at least two different groups capable of binding a second synthetic or natural substrate to one respective carrier, thereby forming at least one sorbent, whereby the groups are the same groups of step (i) or are groups that are complementary thereto, and the second substrate of step (ii) is the same or different from the first substrate according to step (i), and whereby the groups are determined such that the contributions of the Gibbs energies of the individual groups to the non-covalent bond with the second substrate yield a negative value of the Gibbs energy ?G, such that a binding strengthening occurs that results in an improved separation selectivity

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for functionally analyzing glycans and their interaction partners. Among other things, the invention provides modular glycan arrays in which different glycan populations are associated with different discrete solid phase particles. Provided arrays offer many advantages over available systems for assessing glycan binding interactions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the specific and sensitive detection and characterization of anti-carbohydrate antibodies against immunogenic sugar moieties on microbes and abnormal cells and anti-HIV-1 protein antibodies for the development of diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against diseases inflicted by cancer cells or microbial pathogens.

Abstract: Carbohydrate functionalized catanionic vesicles that include a glycoconjugate and/or peptidoconjugate for vaccination or drug delivery, methods for forming these, and methods of using these.

Abstract: A disease specific panel having at least one primary test for different analytes that are relevant for either early detection of a primary disease or management of patients already diagnosed with said primary disease. The panel also includes at least one secondary test which is relevant for detection of a co-morbid condition or complications of the primary disease. Generally, the primary and secondary tests are disposed on a support surface. The disease specific panel is different from the prior art creening tests in that there are no tests included in the panel whose results are not relevant or do not relate to either primary disease or a co-morbid condition or complications of the primary disease. The disease specific panel may also include systems and methods utilizing algorithms for creating and outputting diagnostic aids, as well as warnings about the presence of possible sample interferants, especially those commonly associated with the subject disease of the panel.

Abstract: The present invention can provide a novel saccharide primer, which makes it possible to efficiently synthesize a sugar chain, and a method for using the primer. According to the present invention, the saccharide primer of the present invention is a saccharide primer having an alkenyl chain that has one or more double bonds in a position other than the alkyl chain terminal, and represented by the following general formula (I): Lac-O-Ck:m(n) ??General formula (I) In the general formula (I), Ck represents an alkenyl chain, m represents a total number of double bonds, and n represents a position of the double bond in the alkenyl chain. Here, k is preferably an integer in the range of 8 to 14, and particularly 12 or 13. In addition, when m is 1, n is an integer satisfying 1?n?k?2; and when m satisfies 2?m?k?1, n is a plurality of integers satisfying 1?n?k?1.

Abstract: Provided is a method of attaching a substance to a surface, which method comprises contacting a surface comprising amine reactive groups with a substance labelled with a peptide tag such that the substance is covalently attached to the surface via the peptide tag, wherein the peptide tag comprises one or more histidine residues, one of which is a terminal histidine residue having a free N-terminal amino group. Also provided is a method of processing or analysis which comprises a method of attaching a substance to a surface as detailed above and comprises one or more further steps of processing or analysing the substance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for characterizing carbohydrate polymer by identifying at least two binding agents that bind to the carbohydrate polymer. Binding is preferably determined by contacting the carbohydrate polymer with substrate that contains a plurality of first saccharide-binding agents affixed at predetermined locations on the substrate. The carbohydrate polymer is allowed to contact the substrate under conditions that allow for formation of a first complex between the first saccharide-binding agent and the carbohydrate polymer. A second saccharide-binding agent, which preferably includes a label, is also contacted with the carbohydrate polymer under conditions that allow for formation of a second complex between the second binding agent and the first complex. Identification of the first and second binding agent allows for characterization of the polysaccharide.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for detecting and characterizing enzymatic modifications of oligosaccharides, such as heparan sulfate, and their interaction with binding partners, such as proteins, using an oligosaccharide-binding partner binding assay, such as a gel mobility shift assay. The instant invention relates to a rapid, convenient, sensitive and inexpensive method for identifying or studying oligosaccharide-binding partner interactions, identifying and characterizing structural features on oligosaccharides, identifying and characterizing binding partners, identifying agents capable of interfering with, enhancing, or facilitating the binding of an oligosaccharide to its binding partner, diagnosing conditions associated with altered oligosaccharide-binding partner binding, and generating oligosaccharide libraries and kits therefor.

Abstract: A microarray includes a solid substrate having a surface, the surface having a plurality of binding spots and a plurality of reaction moieties bound to the binding spots. A reaction moiety includes a plurality of polyacetylene monomers, the polyacetylene monomers having a first coupling region and a second coupling region, the first coupling region having a first functional group operable to bind to the binding spot and the second coupling region comprising a second functional group operable to bind to an accessory molecule; and an accessory molecule having a binding region and an analyte reaction region, the analyte reaction region operable to selectively bind to the target analyte, and the binding region operable to bind to the second coupling region of the polyacetylene monomer. Upon binding a target analyte with the reaction moiety, a color change from the polyacetylene monomer occurs and the reaction moiety produces fluorescence.

Abstract: The invention disclosed here has several key elements: direct probe-on-sensor detection, mesh probe, and mesh reporter. Furthermore, the mesh probe and reporter shall have some physical cross-linking between the polymer backbone(s), either covalently or non-covalently. In combination, this invention enables one to build an ultra-sensitive, low-cost, and highly portable system for molecular detection. Among its many potential applications is a direct detection of nucleic acids in crude lysate in a multiplex format, without the requirements for nucleic acids extraction and amplification. Such an improvement is likely to change the practice of genotyping and gene expression profiling done in a clinic setting. Another application is an ultrasensitive ELIZA assay in a multiplex format.

Abstract: A method is of producing a microarray substrate that includes a substrate, a partition that is formed on a surface of the substrate, and an area that is positioned over the substrate and defined by the partition. The method includes forming a first film on the substrate using a radiation-sensitive composition. The radiation-sensitive composition includes a coloring agent (A) including at least one of a violet pigment (a2) and a compound (a1) shown by a formula (1) in which each of R1 and R2 represents one of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an amino group having 0 to 5 carbon atoms. The first film is patterned by lithography to form the partition.

Abstract: A novel N-acetyl-5-N,4-O-carbonyl-protected dibutyl sialyl phosphate donor for sialylation of both primary and sterically hindered secondary acceptors to prepare sialosides with high yield and ?-selectivity is disclosed. Methods for making disaccharide building blocks comprising ?(2?3), ?(2?6), ?(2?8), ?(2?8)/?(2?9) alternate, and ?(2?9) sialosides are provided. methods for one-pot synthesis of complex sialosides are disclosed. Libraries of sialosides and methods for using the libraries for detection and receptor binding analysis of surface glycoproteins or pathogens and cancer cells are disclosed. Methods for distinguishing between hemagglutinin (HA) from various strains of influenza are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to kits and methods for the isotopic/isobaric labeling and the subsequent affinity selection and analysis of proteinaceous molecules. In particular, the invention relates to a kit-of-parts comprising a combinatorial plurality of labeling reagent for the labeling of proteinaceous molecules, each labeling reagent comprising an isobaric label component, an isotopic label component, and a reactive group capable of reacting with a proteinaceous molecule, wherein the isotopic label component concomitantly is an affinity tag. The invention is also directed to a corresponding method for the analysis of proteinaceous molecules, comprising labeling at least one subset of the proteinaceous molecules present by employing a kit-of-parts as defined herein and subsequently separating the labeled molecules by affinity purification via the affinity tag comprised in the label. Finally, the invention relates to the uses of such methods for protein expression profiling or proteomic analyses.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods which enables synthesis of various sugar chains and products obtained by the same. More specifically, the present invention provides protected sugar chain compounds represented by the formula (I) below: [wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each is a linear or branched sugar chain, S1 is any sugar residue, SA and SB are the same or different sugar residues, L is a bond or a linear sugar chain, X is absent, or, if present, represents certain group, the sugar residues SA and SB are cleaved by different exoglycosidases, respectively] and libraries thereof, and methods of producing the same; methods of producing a sugar chain compound, which comprises treating the sugar chain compound or library with glycosidase, and glycosidase decomposition products obtained by the same; intermediates for the synthesis of protected sugar chain compounds; reagents and kits; and the like.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing a self-organizing material or fine particles on a substrate, and a substrate whereupon the self-organizing material or the fine particles are immobilized. More specifically, the method for immobilizing the fine particles including a nucleic acid (for instance, DNA or RNA) or a metal oxide on the substrate, and the substrate whereupon the nucleic acid (for example, DNA or RNA) or the metal oxide is immobilized.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel photo-generated carbohydrate arrays and methods of their use to detect the presence of one or more agents in a sample. The invention also relates to a high-throughput strategy to facilitate the identification and immunological characterization of pathogen-specific carbohydrates, including those of Bacillus anthracis. The invention can be used to determine the presence of a pathogen and whether a subject has been exposed to a pathogen, such as by screening for pathogen-specific antibodies.

Abstract: Provided are methods, kits and arrays for carrying out relative measurement of an analyte of interest in a biological sample. As specifically exemplified, there is an array of stabilized, desiccated cDNA preparations, each at a defined location within the array, where those cDNAs were prepared from cells treated with a particular condition believed to modulate at least one gene of interest. Detection can be via Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction using an appropriate reaction mixture and primers specific for a coding sequence of interest, and a greater relative amount of a RT PCR product from a control preparation reflects greater gene expression in response to the test condition whereas a lower amount of RT PCR product reflects an inhibitory effect on expression of the coding sequence of interest as a result of the application of the test condition.

Abstract: The device of testing interaction between biomolecules comprising a biomolecule microarray in which a biomolecule is immobilized on a substrate and a transparent electrode (opposite electrode) positioned so as to face the surface of the substrate of the microarray on which the bimolecule is immobilized. The device comprises a nonconductive spacer between the microarray and the opposite electrode, and a cavity is formed by the microarray, spacer and opposite electrode, and the microarray comprises a conductive material surface on at least a portion of the surface on which the biomolecule is immobilized, as well as comprises two through-holes communicating with the cavity, one of which is a hole for introducing a solution into the cavity, and the other of which is a hole for discharging a solution from the cavity.

Abstract: A microarray of polymeric biomaterials is provided. Specifically, a microarray of polymeric biomaterials that comprises a base with a cytophobic surface, and a plurality of discrete polymeric biomaterial elements bound to the cytophobic surface, is provided. Preferably said polymeric biomaterials comprise a synthetic polymer. Said polymeric biomaterials may also comprise other compounds covalently or non-covalently attached to said synthetic polymer. Methods of preparing the microarray of polymeric biomaterials of the present invention and uses of the microarray of polymeric biomaterials of the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: To provide an electronic component mounting system and an electronic component mounting method which can prevent a mounting failure due to positional error in a height direction of a substrate and ensure mounting quality. The electronic component mounting system includes a plurality of electronic component mounting devices connected to one another and mounts an electronic component on a substrate to manufacture a mounting substrate. A print test device for testing the substrate after solder printing measures a height position of a height measurement point set on the upper surface of the substrate 4 by a height measuring machine 22 and outputs a measurement result as substrate height data. In a component placing step using an electronic component placing device, a control parameter for controlling a component placing operation of the placing head 32 is updated.

Abstract: A method for fabricating and assessing the quality of printing on substrates used for chemical or biological array testing, and method for ascertaining relative consistency of the deposit reproducibility is described. Generally, the method involves: providing a substrate, providing a solution mixture of a capture moiety and a colorant; depositing an amount of said solution mixture onto said substrate, monitoring the substrate such that the visible indicator colorant manifests in a co-extensive fashion as with the capture moiety on the substrate. In another aspect, the invention relates to a sensor or assay device comprising a physical complex of a number of capture agents and an amount of colorants adhere to least a part of a surface of a substrate.

Abstract: A monosaccharide compound of formula I as shown in the specification. Processes for the preparation of the compound of formula I and methods of screening for antibacterial or antibiotic compounds involving the compound of formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel glycan marker of cancer and monoclonal antibodies against it. Furthermore, novel glycan markers and their use in the detection and monitoring of cancerous cells and cancer-associated or specific antibody signatures are described.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing unmodified material using a metal-ion approach is provided wherein the material is immobilized on a surface in an active state on surface features coupled with metal-ions.

Abstract: The invention relates, in part, to the improved analysis of carbohydrates. In particular, the invention relates to the analysis of carbohydrates, such as N-glycans and O-glycans found on proteins and saccharides attached to lipids. Improved methods, therefore, for the study of glycosylation patterns on cells, tissue and body fluids are also provided. Information from the analysis of glycans, such as the glycosylation patterns on cells, tissues and in body fluids, can be used in diagnostic and treatment methods as well as for facilitating the study of the effects of glycosylation/altered glycosylation. Such methods are also provided. Methods are further provided to assess production processes, to assess the purity of samples containing glycoconjugates, and to select glycoconjugates with the desired glycosylation.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for controlling the surface properties are described. Compounds of the invention can form radicals upon exposure to irradiation, which can then react with nearby molecules to alter the surface properties of various substrates. The invention can provide surfaces that are resistant to dewetting, surfaces that have immobilized molecules such as carbohydrates and polymers immobilized, and surfaces that have metals deposited on the surface. The invention can be utilized in a wide range of application, such as sensors, microreactors, microarrays, electroless deposition of metals, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for diagnosing Crohn's disease (CD) or anti-phospholipid syndrome by measuring levels of antibodies to glycans in a biological sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for analyzing interactions between glycans and interaction partners that bind to them. The present invention also provides HA polypeptides that bind to umbrella-topology glycans, and reagents and methods relating thereto.