Process Of Making Fluids Or Additives Therefor Patents (Class 507/904)
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Patent number: 8940669Abstract: Of the many compositions and methods provided herein, an example method includes a method of treating a subterranean formation that comprises combining components comprising water and a density-matched suspension to prepare a treatment fluid, wherein the density-matched suspension comprises a suspending liquid and a solid particle suspended in the suspending liquid, and introducing the treatment fluid into a well bore. An example composition includes a suspension that comprises a suspending liquid comprising a hydrophobic liquid, wherein the hydrophobic liquid hydrolyzes when placed in contact with an aqueous fluid to form hydrophilic products, and a solid particle suspended in the suspending liquid, wherein the suspension is a density-matched suspension.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 2013Date of Patent: January 27, 2015Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Sam Lewis, Michael Szymanski, Christopher Gordon
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Patent number: 8708045Abstract: Treatment of a subterranean formation can be conducted with viscosified treatment fluids that comprise a multifunctional boronic acid crosslinking agent. Methods for treating a subterranean formation can comprise providing a treatment fluid that comprises an aqueous base fluid, a gelling agent, and a multifunctional boronic acid crosslinking agent that comprises a copolymer comprising at least one boronic acid monomer unit and at least one water-soluble monomer unit; and introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2011Date of Patent: April 29, 2014Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: James William Ogle, Jeremy Holtsclaw, Rajesh Kumar Saini
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Patent number: 8614172Abstract: Methods are provided that include, but are not limited to, methods of treating guar splits comprising: exposing guar splits to a treatment chemical to create treated guar splits, wherein the treatment chemical comprises at least one treatment chemical selected from the group consisting of: an aqueous salt solution; a caustic solution, and a derivatizing agent; and grinding the treated guar splits to create ground, treated guar splits.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2012Date of Patent: December 24, 2013Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Jimmie D. Weaver, Robert E. Hanes, Jr., Tommy Slabaugh
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Patent number: 8592351Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and apparatuses for generating an emulsion with enhanced stability. The methods include forming a stressed emulsion fluid using a high-shear mixer and stressing the emulsion by microporous flow, aging, heating, or another process, and reshearing the stressed emulsion fluid. The process may be repeated for enhanced stability. In some embodiments the generated emulsion may be used in hydrocarbon recovery operations. Optionally, the emulsion may include surfactants or solid microparticles for additional stability enhancement.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 2009Date of Patent: November 26, 2013Assignee: ExxonMobil Upstream Research CompanyInventor: Robert D. Kaminsky
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Patent number: 8579028Abstract: The present invention involves methods of using particulates coated with a tackifying agent that need not be used immediately once they are prepared and that provide increased viscosity when placed into an aqueous fluid. The described methods include the steps of contacting particulates with a tackifying agent to create tackified particulates; contacting the tackified particulates with a partitioning agent to form coated particulates that are capable of being stored for a time period, wherein the partitioning agent comprises a hydratable polymeric material; and, placing the coated particulates in an aqueous treatment fluid whereby the partitioning agent hydrates and increases the viscosity of the treatment fluid.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 2009Date of Patent: November 12, 2013Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Philip D. Nguyen, Jimmie D. Weaver
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Patent number: 8573299Abstract: A method for enhancing oil recovery is disclosed. The method includes providing a subsurface reservoir containing hydrocarbons therewithin and a wellbore in fluid communication with the subsurface reservoir. A solution for injection into the reservoir is formed by mixing a composition with at least one non-ionic chemical, at least one polymer, and at least one alkali. The non-ionic chemical can be alcohol alkoxylates such as alkylaryl alkoxy alcohols or alkyl alkoxy alcohols. The solution is solution is clear and aqueous stable when mixed. The solution is injected through the wellbore into the subsurface reservoir.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 2010Date of Patent: November 5, 2013Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Varadarajan Dwarakanath, Taimur Malik, Adam Christopher Jackson, Ping Zhao, Oya A. Karazincir, Sophany Thach
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Patent number: 8459353Abstract: A wellbore fluid is an aqueous carrier liquid with first and second hydrophobic particulate materials suspended therein. The first hydrophobic particles have a higher specific gravity than the second hydrophobic particles and the fluid also comprises a gas to wet the surface of the particles and bind them together as agglomerates. The fluid may be a fracturing fluid or gravel packing fluid and the first particulate material may be proppant or gravel. The lighter second particulate material and the gas both reduce the density of the agglomerates which form so that they settle more slowly from the fluid, or are buoyant and do not settle. This facilitates transport and placement in a hydraulic fracture or gravel pack. One application of this is when fracturing a gas-shale with slickwater. The benefit of reduced settling is better placement of proppant so that a greater amount of the fracture is propped open.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 2010Date of Patent: June 11, 2013Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Trevor Hughes, Evgeny Barmatov, Jill Geddes, Michael Fuller, Bruno Drochon, Sergey Makarychev-Mikhailov
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Patent number: 8453735Abstract: An inhibitive water-based polymer mud system and method for using the system in drilling and in stabilizing wellbores is disclosed for use in water sensitive formations as an alternative to oil-based muds. The system comprises a fresh water or salt water base thinned or dispersed with a water soluble, biodegradable polyamide-based copolymer having at least one grafted side chain formed from ethylenic unsaturated compounds. This system is effective and has stable rheology over a broad pH range, even at a near neutral pH of 8.0. The drilling fluids do not contain heavy metals and are rheologically tolerant to contaminants such as cement, anhydrite and sodium and temperatures as high as about 400° F.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 2010Date of Patent: June 4, 2013Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Kingsley Ihueze Nzeadibe, Gregory Paul Perez
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Patent number: 8448706Abstract: A wellbore fluid comprises an aqueous carrier liquid, hydrophobic fibers suspended therein, hydrophobic particulate material also suspended in the carrier liquid, and a gas to wet the surfaces of the particles and fibers and bind them together as agglomerates. The wellbore fluid may be a slickwater fracturing fluid and may be used for fracturing a tight gas reservoir. Using a combination of hydrophobic particulate material, hydrophobic fibers and gas inhibits settling out of the particulate material from an aqueous liquid. Because the gas acts to wet the surfaces of both materials and agglomerates them, the particulate material is made to adhere to the fibers; the fibers form a network which hinders settling of the particulate material adhering to them, and the agglomerates contain gas and so have a bulk density which is less than the specific gravity of the solids contained in the agglomerates.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 2010Date of Patent: May 28, 2013Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Trevor Hughes, Evgeny Barmatov, Jill Geddes, Michael Fuller, Bruno Drochon, Sergey Makarychev-Mikhailov
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Patent number: 8408299Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of generating a basic water-in-oil emulsion for use in recovering hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation. The emulsion may be used to displace hydrocarbons from the formation. The emulsions used are ‘basic’ in the sense that they do not have added surfactants and are not solid-stabilized. The emulsions are made using a hydrocarbon having at least one of the following properties: (i) greater than five weight percent (wt %) asphaltene content, (ii) greater than two wt % sulfur content, and (iii) less than 22 dyne/cm interfacial tension between the hydrocarbon liquid and the aqueous liquid.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 2009Date of Patent: April 2, 2013Assignee: ExxonMobil Upstream Research CompanyInventors: Robert D. Kaminsky, Ramesh Varadaraj
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Patent number: 8393390Abstract: Disclosed is a method of rapidly hydrating a hydratable polymer, which method involves irradiating with radio frequency electromagnetic radiation, a mixture of at least the polymer and an aqueous hydrotreating medium to form a viscosified mixture of at least aqueous hydrotreating medium and hydrated polymer. Related methods of treating a subterranean formation and continuously hydrotreating a subterranean formation are also revealed.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2010Date of Patent: March 12, 2013Assignee: Baker Hughes IncorporatedInventors: D. V. Satyanarayana Gupta, Harold L. Becker, James Michael Brown, Rupa Venugopal
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Patent number: 8371383Abstract: Subterranean formations, such as tight gas formations, may be subjected to hydraulic fracturing by introducing into the formation a fracturing fluid of an aqueous fluid, a hydratable polymer, a crosslinking agent and proppant. The fracturing fluid is prepared in a blender and then pumped from the blender into the wellbore which penetrates the formation. The fluid enters the reservoir through an entrance site.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2009Date of Patent: February 12, 2013Assignee: Baker Hughes IncorporatedInventors: Charles Elmer Bell, Harold Dean Brannon
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Patent number: 8342241Abstract: Delivery of a substance to a subterranean location is achieved by suspending the substance as nanoparticles in a carrier fluid in which the substance is insoluble. First a dispersible powder composition, is formed by dissolving the substance in a solvent, emulsifying the resulting solution as the dispersed phase of an emulsion, and freeze-drying the emulsion to a powder. On mixing the powder with a fluid in which the substance is insoluble, the insoluble substance becomes a dispersion of nanoparticles which is pumped to the subterranean location. At the subterranean location a tracer dispersed as nanoparticles may migrate from injected water into hydrocarbon in a hydrocarbon reservoir. Another possibility is that the carrier fluid contains polymer and the dispersed nanoparticles comprise an agent which participates in cross-linking and consequent viscosification of the polymer at the subterranean location.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2009Date of Patent: January 1, 2013Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Robert Seth Hartshorne, Khooi Yeei Tan, Gary John Tustin
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Patent number: 8286705Abstract: Apparatus and methods comprising a plurality of particles which are magnetically attracted to one another in response to exposure to an magnetic field, and which maintain attraction to one another after removal of the magnetic field, the attraction being disabled when the particles are demagnetized, whereby the particles operate to alter the rheological properties of a fluid in which the particles are mixed when the attraction is enabled or disabled is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 2009Date of Patent: October 16, 2012Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Murat Ocalan, Francois Auzerais, Partha Ganguly, Agathe Robisson, Jahir Pabon
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Patent number: 8281859Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed that comprise cement kiln dust having a mean particle size that has been altered. An embodiment discloses a subterranean treatment method comprising: introducing a treatment fluid into a subterranean formation, wherein the treatment fluid comprises cement kiln dust having a mean particle size that has been altered from its original size by grinding, separating, or a combination thereof. Another embodiment discloses a subterranean treatment method comprising: introducing a treatment fluid into a subterranean formation, wherein the treatment fluid comprises cement kiln dust having a mean particle size that has been reduced from its original size.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 2012Date of Patent: October 9, 2012Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Inc.Inventors: Craig W. Roddy, Jiten Chatterji, Chad Brenneis, Callie R. Jarratt
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Patent number: 8268757Abstract: Methods are provided that include, but are not limited to, methods of treating guar splits comprising: exposing guar splits to a treatment chemical to create treated guar splits, wherein the treatment chemical comprises at least one treatment chemical selected from the group consisting of: an aqueous salt solution; a caustic solution, and a derivatizing agent; and grinding the treated guar splits to create ground, treated guar splits.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2009Date of Patent: September 18, 2012Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Jimmie D. Weaver, Robert E. Hanes, Jr., Billy Slabaugh, Tommy Slabaugh, legal representative
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Patent number: 8236735Abstract: The use is described of oligoglycerol fatty acid esters, produced from (a) an acid component, selected from (a1) fatty acids of the general formula (I) R—COOH??(I) in which R stands for a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl- or alkenyl radical with 7 to 21C atoms, and/or (a2) dicarboxylic acids and/or (a3) dimer fatty acids and/or (a4) oligomer fatty acids and/or (a5) hydroxy fatty acids with (b) a polyol component, which is selected from oligoglycerols or alkoxylates of oligoglycerols, as additive to oil-based drilling mud compositions to improve the lubricating effect of these mud systems.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2008Date of Patent: August 7, 2012Assignee: Emery Oleochemicals GmbHInventors: Diana Maker, Heinz Muller
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Patent number: 8198220Abstract: The disclosed compositions and methods utilize hydrophilic polymers modified by the incorporation of one or more hydrophilic side groups. The polymers may exhibit physical association in solution at a specific temperature so as to provide a significant increase in viscosity at the specific temperature. The viscosity of such systems is substantially increased by the further inclusion of one or more hydrophilic components that may exhibit physical association in solution at one or more temperature trigger points and also associate with the one or more hydrophilic polymers modified by the incorporation of one or more hydrophilic side groups.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 2011Date of Patent: June 12, 2012Assignee: BP Corporation North America Inc.Inventors: Philip S. Smith, Dale L. Handlin, Jr.
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Patent number: 8193125Abstract: The present invention relates to a crosslinked glycerol or oligoglycerol ester which can be obtained by crosslinking a non-crosslinked glycerol or oligoglycerol ester which can be obtained by reacting an (A) acid phase comprising (a1) a fatty acid, (a2) a dicarboxylic acid, (a3) a dimeric fatty acid, (a4) an oligomeric fatty acid, (a5) a hydroxy fatty acid or (a6) a mixture of at least two thereof, with a (B) alcohol phase comprising (b1) monoglycerol, (b2) diglycerol, (b3) triglycerol, (b4) oligoglycerol made up of more than three glycerol units, (b5) an alkoxylate of glycerols (b1), (b2), (b3) or (b4), or (b6) a mixture of at least two thereof, forming a full or partial ester and crosslinking the full or partial ester by means of a crosslinking agent, wherein the crosslinking can take place during or after the formation of the full or partial ester.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 2009Date of Patent: June 5, 2012Assignee: Emery Oleochemicals GmbHInventors: Heinz Muller, Diana Maker, Nadja Herzog, Alfred Westfechtel
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Patent number: 8193124Abstract: A wellbore fluid that includes an oleaginous base fluid; and a silanated weighting agent is disclosed. In particular, the silanated weighting agents may be produced by reaction between an alkyl alkoxy silane and a weighting agent Methods of formulating such fluids and methods of drilling using such fluids are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 2009Date of Patent: June 5, 2012Assignee: M-I L.L.C.Inventors: Sashikumar Mettath, Steven Young
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Patent number: 8183183Abstract: A method for treating a subterranean formation is made of steps of providing a composition comprising a carrier fluid, a polymer viscosifying agent, carbon dioxide and a formate salt or formic acid; injecting into a wellbore, the composition; contacting the composition with the subterranean formation, wherein the temperature is above 100 degrees Celsius at this contact; and allowing the composition to treat the subterranean formation.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2010Date of Patent: May 22, 2012Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Leiming Li, Lijun Lin, Curtis L. Boney, Michael D. Parris, Kevin W. England
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Patent number: 8176981Abstract: A composition comprising a nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant having a weight average molecular weight of least 100,000 grams per mole, the nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant comprising: divalent units independently represented by formula (I): in a range from 30% to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant; and divalent units independently represented by formula (II): in a range from 70% to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant. Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group having from 3 to 4 carbon atoms; R and R2 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R1 is alkyl of 16 to 24 carbon atoms; and n is an integer from 2 to 11. Foams comprising the nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant and a liquid hydrocarbon and methods of making and using the foams are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 2008Date of Patent: May 15, 2012Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Patricia M. Savu, Michael J. Sierakowski
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Patent number: 8178476Abstract: The present invention relates to glass-ceramic proppants which can be used to prop open subterranean formation fractions, as well as other uses. Proppant formulations are further disclosed which use one or more proppants of the present invention. Methods to prop open subterranean formation fractions are further disclosed. In addition, other uses for the proppants of the present invention are further disclosed, as well as methods of making the glass-ceramic proppants.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 2010Date of Patent: May 15, 2012Assignee: Oxane Materials, Inc.Inventors: Yuming Xie, Dilip Chatterjee, Christopher E. Coker, Christopher Y. Fang
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Patent number: 8178477Abstract: Proppants which can be used to prop open subterranean formation fractions are described. Proppant formulations which use one or more proppants of the present invention are described, as well as methods to prop open subterranean formation fractions, and other uses for the proppants and methods of making the proppants.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2011Date of Patent: May 15, 2012Assignee: Oxane Materials, Inc.Inventors: Robert D. Skala, John R. Loscutova, Christopher E. Coker
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Patent number: 8162048Abstract: A method for the controlled delivery of a fracturing fluid to a well bore comprises formulating an aqueous base fluid such that it meets or exhibits desired physical and chemical characteristics for an optimal fracturing fluid. The formulation of the aqueous base fluid max involve commingling one or more sources of waste water with a source of fresh water followed by controlled injection of one or more additives. This process is substantially completed prior to delivering the aqueous base fluid to the well site. This allows the delivery of an optimal volume of the aqueous base fluid with homogeneously blended additives to the well bore.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 2009Date of Patent: April 24, 2012Assignee: Tetra Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Enrico J. Termine, Robert I. Richie
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Patent number: 8153562Abstract: Oligoglycerol esters of fatty acids, preferably of unsaturated fatty acids, can be used as thickeners in oil-based drilling mud compositions. The oligoglycerides are preferably employed in invert drilling muds, the oily phase of which contains paraffins.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2008Date of Patent: April 10, 2012Assignee: Emery Oleochemicals GmbHInventors: Heinz Muller, Diana Maker, Nadja Herzog
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Patent number: 8146654Abstract: A waxy oil-external emulsion is provided for injection into a selected zone of a subsurface formation. The selected zone is typically a high permeability zone. The emulsion generally comprises oil, added wax, and water. The emulsion may also include an emulsifying agent and a solvent. The emulsion is formulated to be a liquid at a temperature greater than a targeted temperature in the subsurface formation, but a solid at the targeted temperature. The targeted temperature is typically the maximum operating temperature for the formation. A method of formulating the emulsion is also provided. Further, a method of plugging a high permeability zone using the emulsion is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 2007Date of Patent: April 3, 2012Assignee: ExxonMobil Upstream Research CompanyInventors: James R. Bragg, Joseph P. Lederhos, Sergio A. Leonardi, Scott E. Hommema, Amy L. Chen, Shan H. Yang
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Patent number: 8148305Abstract: The use of oligoglycerol fatty acid esters, prepared from (a) an acid component chosen from (a1) fatty acids of the general formula (I) R—COOH??(I) in which R represents a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 21 C atoms, and/or (a2) dicarboxylic acids and/or (a3) dimer fatty acids and/or (a4) oligomer fatty acids and/or (a5) hydroxy fatty acids with (b) a polyol component which is chosen from oligoglycerols or alkoxylates of oligoglycerols, as an additive in water-based drilling mud compositions for improving the lubricating action of these mud systems, is described.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2008Date of Patent: April 3, 2012Assignee: Emery Oleochemicals GmbHInventors: Alfred Westfechtel, Diana Maker, Heinz Muller
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Patent number: 8148304Abstract: A copolymer containing, as monomer components, a) at least one sulfonic acid-containing compound, b) at least one nitrogen-containing N-vinylamide, one acrylamide or methacrylamide and c) at least one bifunctional or higher-functional vinyl ether is proposed. These copolymers are suitable in particular as thixotropic agents, antisegregation agents and water retention agents and overall as an additive in cement-containing but also gypsum-based systems. Such copolymers having a molecular weight of >40 000 g/mol can be used in particular as admixtures in the exploration of mineral oil and natural gas deposits.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 2008Date of Patent: April 3, 2012Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Christian Spindler, Andrea Assmann, Uwe Huber
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Patent number: 8141640Abstract: A method includes performing a chemical process to create a chemical product and an amount of heat, and transferring the heat to a first fluid. The method further includes hydrating a polymer in the first fluid, and adding the chemical product from the chemical process to the first fluid to create a treatment fluid. The method further includes diluting the treatment fluid with respect to at least one constituent of the treatment fluid. The method includes treating a formation of interest in a wellbore with the treatment fluid. The method includes changing a formulation of the treatment fluid during the treating. The method also includes extending the treating beyond a design amount, or ending the treatment before the design amount and preserving some reagents of the chemical process.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 2009Date of Patent: March 27, 2012Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Carlos Abad, Hemant K. Ladva, Lijun Lin, Yiyan Chen
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Patent number: 8143198Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions useful for isolating a portion of a wellbore. In one embodiment, a composition includes a sealant composition containing a wellbore treatment fluid and a set modifier component. The sealant composition can be placed into the wellbore and subjected to ionizing radiation that alters the set modifier component, triggering the setting of the sealant composition.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 2009Date of Patent: March 27, 2012Assignee: Hallilburton Energy Services Inc.Inventors: Samuel J. Lewis, James Lynn Davis, Vijay Gupta, Michele Ostraat, David F. Myers, Mike Lamvik, Andrew K. Dummer, Vikram Rao, Lawrence Roberts, Anthony Badalamenti
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Patent number: 8100179Abstract: The methods described herein generally relate to preparing and delivering a fluid mixture to a confined volume, specifically an annular volume located between two concentrically oriented casing strings within a hydrocarbon fluid producing well. The fluid mixtures disclosed herein are useful in controlling pressure in localized volumes. The fluid mixtures comprise at least one polymerizable monomer and at least one inhibitor. The processes and methods disclosed herein allow the fluid mixture to be stored, shipped and/or injected into localized volumes, for example, an annular volume defined by concentric well casing strings.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 2009Date of Patent: January 24, 2012Assignees: Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Los Alamos National Security, LLC, Baker Hughes Incorporated, Lucite International, Inc.Inventors: Robert E. Hermes, Ronald Gene Bland, Ron Lee Foley, James B. Bloys, Manuel E. Gonzalez, John M. Daniel, Ian M. Robinson, Robert B. Carpenter
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Patent number: 8076270Abstract: The disclosed compositions and methods utilize hydrophilic polymers modified by the incorporation of one or more hydrophilic side groups. The polymers may exhibit physical association in solution at a specific temperature so as to provide a significant increase in viscosity at the specific temperature. The viscosity of such systems is substantially increased by the further inclusion of one or more hydrophilic components that may exhibit physical association in solution at one or more temperature trigger points and also associate with the one or more hydrophilic polymers modified by the incorporation of one or more hydrophilic side groups.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 2009Date of Patent: December 13, 2011Assignee: BP CORPORATION NORTH AMERICA Inc.Inventors: Philip S. Smith, Dale L. Handlin, Jr.
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Patent number: 8017562Abstract: Phosphate esters useful for gelling hydrocarbons in combination with a metal source are disclosed along with methods of preparation of the phosphate esters. Fouling in oil refinery towers has been attributed due to distillation of impurities present in phosphate esters used to gel hydrocarbons for oil well fracturing. The improved method of preparation of the phosphate ester results in a product that substantially reduces or eliminates volatile phosphorus, which is phosphorus impurities that distill up to 250° C., and increases the high temperature viscosity of the hydrocarbon gels formed using the phosphate esters.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 2010Date of Patent: September 13, 2011Assignee: Brine-Add Fluids Ltd.Inventors: David P. Horton, Ioan Ghesner
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Patent number: 7987907Abstract: Method for increasing the recovery of crude oil from a reservoir containing at least one porous and permeable subterranean formation wherein the formation includes sandstone rock and at least one mineral that has a negative zeta potential under the reservoir conditions and wherein crude oil and connate water are present within the pores of the formation. The method is carried out by (A) injecting into the formation a slug of an aqueous displacement fluid that displaces crude oil from the surface of the pores of the formation wherein the pore volume (PV) of the slug of the aqueous displacement fluid is at least 0.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2007Date of Patent: August 2, 2011Assignees: BP Exploration Operating Company Limited, BP Corporation North America Inc.Inventors: Ian Ralph Collins, Gary Russell Jerauld
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Patent number: 7950459Abstract: Methods and apparatus for forming a fluid for use within in a subterranean formation including combining a partitioning agent and viscosifying polymer into a fluid, introducing the fluid into the subterranean formation, and recovering at least a portion of the fluid at a uppermost surface of the subterranean formation. Methods and apparatus of forming a fluid for use within in a subterranean formation including combining a partitioning agent and viscosifying polymer into a fluid, introducing the fluid into the subterranean formation at a temperature of about 45° C. or higher, and recovering at least a portion of the fluid at a uppermost surface of the subterranean formation at a temperature of about 45° C. or lower.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 2009Date of Patent: May 31, 2011Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Philip F. Sullivan, Gary John Tustin, Yiyan Chen, Lijun Lin
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Patent number: 7947632Abstract: Phosphate esters useful for gelling hydrocarbons in combination with a metal source are disclosed along with methods of preparation of the phosphate esters. Fouling in oil refinery towers has been attributed due to distillation of impurities present in phosphate esters used to gel hydrocarbons for oil well fracturing. The improved method of preparation of the phosphate ester results in a product that substantially reduces or eliminates volatile phosphorus, which is phosphorus impurities that distill up to 250° C., and increases the high temperature viscosity of the hydrocarbon gels formed using the phosphate esters.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 2010Date of Patent: May 24, 2011Assignee: Brine-Add Fluids Ltd.Inventors: David P. Horton, Ioan Ghesner
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Patent number: 7931088Abstract: A method is provided for treating at least a portion of a well. The method includes the steps of: (a) simultaneously introducing into a mixer at least: (i) a first stream comprising water; (ii) a second stream comprising a dry, hydratable, viscosity-increasing agent for water, wherein the second stream is substantially free of water; and (iii) a third stream comprising a non-hydratable, insoluble particulate; wherein at least the first and second streams are not mixed prior to being introduced into the mixer; (b) mixing the first, second, and third streams in the mixer to form a pumpable mixture, wherein: (i) the mixer creates at least a sufficiently-high shear rate to disperse the viscosity-increasing agent and the insoluble particulate in the pumpable mixture; and (ii) the pumpable mixture has or is capable of developing a substantially-higher viscosity than the viscosity of the first stream; and (c) introducing a treatment fluid comprising the pumpable mixture into a wellbore.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 2009Date of Patent: April 26, 2011Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Calvin L. Stegemoeller, Max L. Phillippi, Billy Slabaugh, Tommy Slabaugh, legal representative
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Patent number: 7932214Abstract: An aqueous, foamable composition useful for formation fracturing is disclosed, which includes an ionically coupled gel system. These compositions are well suited in fracturing formation where there are insufficient or non-existent hydration units. Methods for making the compositions and methods using the foamable compositions to fracture formation with insufficient hydration units.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2008Date of Patent: April 26, 2011Assignee: Clearwater International, LLCInventors: Frank Zamora, Sarkis R. Kakadjian, Thomas P Wilson, Jr.
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Patent number: 7923414Abstract: Embodiments of this invention relate to a composition and a method for tailoring the rheology of a fluid for use in the oil field services industry including forming a fluid comprising a tetrakis(hydroxyalkyl) phosphonium salt and a polymer, and exposing the fluid to a temperature of about 20° C. to about 200° C., wherein a viscosity is observed that is at least about 5 percent different than if no salt were present. Embodiments of this invention also relate to a composition and a method for tailoring the rheology of a fluid for use in the oil field services industry including forming a fluid comprising a tetrakis(hydroxyalkyl) phosphonium salt and diutan and/or guar and/or guar derivatives and/or a combination thereof, and exposing the fluid to a temperature of about 20° C. to about 163° C., wherein a viscosity is observed that is at least about 5 percent lower than if no salt were present.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 2009Date of Patent: April 12, 2011Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Lijun Lin, Leiming Li, Mathew M. Samuel, Syed Ali
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Patent number: 7915205Abstract: An acidizing formulation for use in the stimulation of hydrocarbon production is stable when packaged and stored as a single fluid for periods exceeding one year. The formulation contains a miscibility solvent which substantially prevents any phase separation between the constituents and lack of dispersion of the additives in the fluid.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 2006Date of Patent: March 29, 2011Assignee: Weatherford Engineered Chemistry Canada Ltd.Inventors: Clayton Smith, Darin Oswald, Dan Skibinski, Nicole Sylvestre
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Patent number: 7897545Abstract: Additives that may be useful in preventing fluid loss in certain subterranean formations and associated methods of use are provided. In one embodiment, the methods of the present invention comprise: providing a low molecular weight crosslinkable polymer and a crosslinking agent capable of crosslinking the low molecular weight crosslinkable polymer; and introducing the low molecular weight crosslinkable polymer and the crosslinking agent into at least a portion of a subterranean formation.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 2008Date of Patent: March 1, 2011Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Steve F. Wilson, Jimmie D. Weaver, Karen Savery
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Patent number: 7893010Abstract: A well treatment microemulsion for use in a subterranean formation is disclosed, the microemulsion comprises a solvent blend comprising a solvent and a co-solvent; a surfactant blend comprising a surfactant, wherein the surfactant blend is able to give formation intermediate wettability properties; an alcohol; and a carrier fluid; wherein the alcohol, the solvent and surfactant blends are combined with the carrier fluid to produce the well treatment microemulsion. By intermediate wettability it is meant that the water has an advancing contact angle on the surface between 62 and 133 degrees. The associate method of treating a subterranean formation of a well with the microemulsion and the associate method of modifying the wettability of the formation with the microemulsion are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 2009Date of Patent: February 22, 2011Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Syed Ali, Leiming Li, Paul R. Howard, Sumitra Mukhopadhyay
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Patent number: 7814977Abstract: Installation for enhanced oil recovery comprising in succession: a polymer storage hopper, a grinding device and a pressurized injection pump. The grinding device has a chamber for grinding and draining the dispersed polymer comprising a rotor and a stator, and on all or part of the periphery of the chamber, a ring fed by a secondary water circuit. The ring communicates with the chamber for spraying of pressurised water on the blades of the stator. A method implementing the installation is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 2008Date of Patent: October 19, 2010Assignee: S.P.C.M. SAInventors: René Pich, Philippe Jeronimo
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Patent number: 7806182Abstract: A subterranean formation stimulation method utilizes a treatment fluid comprising residual drilling fluid injected into the formation, and producing the stimulated formation. In one embodiment, a tight gas formation is fractured and the fracture has a higher conductivity than the formation.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2008Date of Patent: October 5, 2010Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: George Waters, Paul R. Howard, Don Williamson, John W. Still
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Patent number: 7803744Abstract: An aqueous viscoelastic surfactant (VES) fluid foamed or energized with carbon dioxide, in which the VES is more compatible with the carbon dioxide, is made by the addition of one or more than one synergistic co-surfactant. The synergist co-surfactant includes quaternary amines and ethoxylated carboxylates having a hydrophobic chain shorter than the hydrophobic chain of the VES. Improved compatibility is evidenced for a given surfactant concentration either by formation and maintenance of a foam under conditions at which the foam could not otherwise have been formed or maintained, or by either higher viscosity of the foamed fluid at a given temperature or longer foam life at a given temperature or a higher temperature at which useful fluid viscosity can be generated or maintained for a useful time. The aqueous carbon dioxide foamed fluids may be used in acidizing, acid fracturing, gravel packing, diversion, and well cleanout.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 2007Date of Patent: September 28, 2010Assignee: Schlumberger Technology CorporationInventors: Yiyan Chen, Jesse Lee, Timothy L. Pope
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Patent number: 7790656Abstract: Spherical and rod-shaped proppants and anti-flowback agents made from sillimanite minerals possess high strength and high conductivity. The sillimanite minerals may be selected from the group consisting of kyanite, sillimanite, and andalusite and may be used alone or in combination with other materials, such as bauxite, kaolin, meta-kaolin, pure or technical grade alumina (about 98%-99.9% alumina by weight), alumina-containing slag, zirconia, silica, iron, alkali elements (such as calcium, magnesium, and sodium), and virtually any other mineral containing alumina. The starting material may optionally be milled to achieve better compacity and crush resistance in the final proppant or anti-flowback agent. A fracturing fluid may comprise the rods or spheres alone, or in combination with each other or other proppants or anti-flowback agents of different shapes.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 2009Date of Patent: September 7, 2010Assignee: ImerysInventors: Mark Windebank, Jarrod Hart, Jean Andre Alary
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Patent number: 7757766Abstract: Of the many compositions and methods provided herein, an example method includes a method of treating a subterranean formation that comprises combining components comprising water and a density-matched suspension to prepare a treatment fluid, wherein the density-matched suspension comprises a suspending liquid and a solid particle suspended in the suspending liquid, and introducing the treatment fluid into a well bore. An example composition includes a suspension that comprises a suspending liquid comprising a hydrophobic liquid, wherein the hydrophobic liquid hydrolyzes when placed in contact with an aqueous fluid to form hydrophilic products, and a solid particle suspended in the suspending liquid, wherein the suspension is a density-matched suspension.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 2008Date of Patent: July 20, 2010Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Sam Lewis, Michael Szymanski, Christopher Gordon
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Patent number: 7737091Abstract: Spherical and rod-shaped proppants and anti-flowback agents made from sillimanite minerals possess high strength and high conductivity. The sillimanite minerals may be selected from the group consisting of kyanite, sillimanite, and andalusite and may be used alone or in combination with other materials, such as bauxite, kaolin, meta-kaolin, pure or technical grade alumina (about 98%-99.9% alumina by weight), alumina-containing slag, zirconia, silica, iron, alkali elements (such as calcium, magnesium, and sodium), and virtually any other mineral containing alumina. The starting material may optionally be milled to achieve better compacity and crush resistance in the final proppant or anti-flowback agent. A fracturing fluid may comprise the rods or spheres alone, or in combination with each other or other proppants or anti-flowback agents of different shapes.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2007Date of Patent: June 15, 2010Assignee: ImerysInventors: Mark Windebank, Jarrod Hart, Jean Andre Alary
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Patent number: 7651040Abstract: A method of formulating a wellbore fluid that includes grinding a solid particulate material and a polymeric dispersing agent to provide a resulting polymer coated solid material, and suspending the resulting polymer coated solid material in the wellbore fluid. At least a portion of the resulting polymer coated solid material has a particle diameter less than 2.0 microns, wherein the polymeric dispersing agent has a molecular weight greater than 10,000. Exemplary starting materials for the solid material include weighting agents including barite, calcium carbonate, dolomite, ilmenite, hematite or other iron ores, olivine, siderite and strontium sulfate as well as mixture and combinations of these and other similar weighting materials. The dispersant in one illustrative embodiment is a polymeric acrylate ester made from the monomers of stearyl methacrylate, butylacrylate, and acrylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 2009Date of Patent: January 26, 2010Assignee: M-I L.L.C.Inventors: Andrew J. Bradbury, Jarrod Massam, Christopher A. Sawdon