Abstract: A polymer surfactant for improving engine oil emulsion properties of a lubricating composition mixed with water and/or fuel contamination, particularly at very cold temperatures, is described herein. In approaches, selected polymeric and functionalized compounds can impart both robust emulsion properties and simultaneously deliver good low temperature fluidity for lubricating compositions that may contain residual amounts of water and/or fuel contamination. Lubricating compositions including such surfactants demonstrate robust properties at temperatures down to about ?30° C.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition which can reduce the occurrence frequency of LSPI and which can ensure detergency. The lubricating oil composition which includes a lubricant base oil, a compound having calcium and/or magnesium, a compound having molybdenum and/or phosphorus, and an ashless dispersant having nitrogen and which satisfies X??0.85 and Y?0.18 (wherein X is calculated according to formula (1): X=([Ca]+0.5[Mg])×8?[Mo]×8?[P]×30 and Y is calculated according to formula (2): Y=[Ca]+1.65[Mg]+[N]). The lubricating oil composition for use in an internal combustion engine, more particularly, a lubricating oil composition for use in a supercharged gasoline engine.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a lubricating oil composition for improving corrosion resistance and maintaining TBN in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricant composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a boron-containing compound, wherein the boron containing compound comprises a borate ester comprising at least one alkyl group having a branch at the ? position or higher. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine with the lubricant composition.

Abstract: An engine lubricant comprising an oil and additives and method of making and using the same. The engine lubricant is based on process of sequentially combining a specific amount isopropyl alcohol, fuel stabilizer, corn oil and motor oil to produce a lubricant that prevents phase separation. The engine lubricant may be combined with gasoline to produce a two-cycle engine fuel. Alternatively, the engine lubricant may be used to lubricate 4-cycle engines. Prevention of phase separation in the engine lubricant provides longer engine life and reduced engine wear in both two-cycle and four-cycle engines.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon and water emulsion comprising at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A method for preventing degradation of physical and chemical properties, and for increasing lubricity, of a hydrocarbon and water emulsion, comprising adding to the emulsion an effective amount of at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid for enabling at least one bacterium species from Pseudomonas genus to become dominant in the emulsion.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing a compound comprising the reaction product of a polyolefin, an ethylenically unsaturated aromatic acylating agent (or carboxylic reactant), and an amine, and an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A gear oil composition is provided having fuel saving performance and providing gears or bearings with sufficient durability. The composition includes a base oil having a blend of (A) a mineral lubricating base oil having a 100° C. kinematic viscosity of 2 to 6 mm2/s, a % CA of 0.5 or less and a tertiary carbon content of 7% or more and (B) a solvent-refined mineral lubricating oil having a 100° C. kinematic viscosity of 10 to 70 mm2/s in an amount of 2 to 40 percent by mass based on the total base oil composition mass; (D) zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in an amount of 0.02 to 0.5 percent by mass based on the zinc amount; and (E) an alkaline earth metal detergent having a base number of 100 mgKOH/g or greater in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 percent by mass, based on the metal amount, of the gear oil composition mass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an engine oil lubricant composition for use in internal combustion engines comprising one or more molybdenum containing compounds that deliver 1-1000 ppm molybdenum to the finished oil, one or more phosphorus containing compounds that deliver 25-650 ppm phosphorus to the finished oil, and one or more poly(meth)acrylate viscosity index improvers (VI improvers) that may or may not be functionalized, for improved fuel economy and turbocharger related deposits. In addition, the composition comprises an antioxidant system which is carefully balanced to provide improved fuel economy, comprising an aminic antioxidant, a phenolic antioxidant and an ashless dithiocarbamate. Additionally, the formulated oil may contain a dispersant poly(meth)acrylate, in addition to the PAMA VI improver, to reduce the amount of traditional succinimide dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of using a low sulfur, low phosphorus, low-ash, zinc free consumable lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine equipped with a pilot ignition system, where the composition comprises: an oil of lubricating viscosity; a high TBN succinimide dispersant and where the lubricant composition overall has a sulfated ash value of up to about 0.2, a phosphorus content of up to about 50 to about 800 ppm and a sulfur content of up to about 0.4 percent by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a succinimide compound represented by the following formula (1-1) or (1-2), and a lubricating oil additive and a lubricating oil composition which contain the succinimide compound. wherein R represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having a number-average molecular weight of 500 or greater and less than 5000. wherein R represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having a number-average molecular weight of 500 or greater and less than 5000.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a trunk piston engine lubricating oil composition comprising (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) one or more carboxylate-containing detergents comprising a salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid, wherein at least about 50% of the alkyl moiety of the alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid comprises C26+ alkyl groups derived from one or more normal alpha olefins; and (c) one or more zinc dithiophosphates in an amount of about 0.02 to about 0.12 wt. % in terms of phosphorus content.

Abstract: A low-ash, low-phosphorus lubricant composition suitable for use in a stationary gas engine includes an oil of lubricating viscosity, 1.5 to 8 percent of a succinimide dispersant, 0.8 to 4.0 percent of a hindered, ester-substituted phenol antioxidant, and at least one metal-containing sulfonate detergent or metal-containing phenate detergent, in an amount which provides 1.1 to 2.1 percent by weight of said sulfonate or phenate moieties exclusive of the weight of the metal moieties. The lubricant contains up to 0.08 percent by weight phosphorus and up to 1.25 percent sulfated ash.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a compound of the formula I or a tribologically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or proadditive thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R4 are as defined herein. Such novel pyrrolidine, or succinimide, derivatives may be useful as friction modifiers in lubricant compositions. This disclosure also relates to a method of using such friction modifier compounds in lubricating fluid formulations to lubricate machine parts, including gear, axle, engine, and transmission parts, and to lubricant compositions containing such friction modifier compounds.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is disclosed which comprises a lubricating base oil, (A) at least one type of compound selected from specific phosphoric acid esters and salts thereof or in combination with (B) at least one type of compound selected from specific metal salts of specific phosphoric acid esters, with excellent oxidation stability, base number retention properties, anti-wear properties, extreme pressure properties and anti-corrosion properties and thus can be suitably used, in particular, as a lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Methods for regenerating or improving the regeneration of a particulate filter and for improving the performance of a particulate filter during the operation of an internal combustion engine comprise lubricating the engine with a lubricant composition comprising additives that when combusted can form an ash deposit in the filter. The methods are particularly useful for diesel particulate filters on diesel engines that are equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation system.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having less than 0.2 wt. % sulfur, less than 50 ppm chlorine, less than 50 ppm phosphorus, a NOACK volatility of 15 wt. % or less comprising an organo-molybdenum compound, an overbased calcium or magnesium salicylate, a dispersant and a supplemental antioxidant.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions containing a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, an oil soluble molybdenum compound in an amount providing the composition with from 0.001 to 0.1 mass % molybdenum, an oil soluble copper antioxidant in an amount providing the composition with from 0.001 to 0.02 mass % copper to said composition, and an amount of metal hydrocarbyl dithiophosphate providing the composition with from 100 to 550 ppm phosphorus.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and an additive system comprising (A) from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of a detergent composition comprising at least two metal overbased compositions wherein said detergent composition consists essentially of (A-1) at least one alkali metal overbased detergent and (A-2) at least one calcium overbased detergent, wherein the ratio of total base number on a per 100 TBN and diluent-free basis contributed by the alkali metal detergent to the total base number contributed by the calcium detergent ranges from about 99.5-20 to about 0.5-80; (B) from about 1 to about 10% by weight of a succinimide dispersant; and (C) from about 0.1 to about 5 % by weight of a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate of the formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 are each, independently, hydrocarbyl groups containing from 3 to 13 carbon atoms, M is a metal and n is an integer equal to the valence of M.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for automatic transmission comprises a base oil having a pour point of −25° C. or lower and a kinematic viscosity of 2 to 7 mm2/s at 100° C., (A) a over-based calcium sulfonate having a total base number of 300 to 500 mg KOH/g, (B) a succinimide having boron atom and/or a succinimide having no boron atom, which are substituted with a hydrocarbon group (an alkyl groups or alkenyl groups having an average molecular weight of 1,000 to 3,500), and, and (C) a phosphorous acid ester-based compound, each in a specific amount. The composition has a great statical friction coefficient (&mgr;s), an excellent transmission torque capacity and a friction characteristic having a &mgr; ratio of 1 or smaller, exhibiting excellent resistance to transmission shock on clutching.

Abstract: A power transmission fluid comprising a mixture of a major amount of a lubricating oil and an effective amount of a performance enhancing additive combination comprising: (a) at least one organic phosphate having the structure R1—X2—P(:X1)(R2X3)—X—R5 where R1, and R2 may independently be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and X, X1, X2 and X3 may independently be sulfur or oxygen. R1 and R2 may also contain substituent hetero atoms, in addition to carbon and hydrogen, such as chlorine, sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen; wherein R5 is derived from a reactive olefin and can be either CH2—CHR—C(:O)O—R6; —CH2—CR7HR8; or R9—OC(:O)CH2—CH—C(:O)O—R10 where R is H or the same as R1, R6, R7, R9 and R10 are the same as R1 and R8 is a phenyl or alkyl or alkenyl substituted phenyl moiety, the moiety having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, (b) a calcium detergent, and (c) a friction modifier.

Abstract: A low-phosphorus lubricant comprises: an oil of lubricating viscosity; a nitrogen-containing and a nitrogen-free dispersant; a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate; and a hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acid derivative, the ratio of the dispersants being such as to provide suitable fluoroelastomer seal compatibility.

Abstract: An power transmission fluid comprising a mixture of a major amount of a lubricating oil and an effective amount of a performance enhancing additive combination comprising: (a) at least one organic phosphate having the structure: R1—X2—P(:X1)(R2X3)—X—R5 where R1, R2, R3, and R4 may independently be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and X, X1, X2 and X3 may independently be sulfur or oxygen.

Abstract: An oil composition for heat treatment of a gear which comprises mineral oil having a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 40 mm2/second at 100° C. as a base oil and, based on a total amount of the composition, 0.01 to 5% by weight of (a) a phosphoric acid ester compound and, where necessary, 0.5 to 10% by weight of (b) one compound selected from alkenylsuccinimide compounds, alkylsuccinimide compounds and addition products of boron with alkenylsuccinimide compounds or alkylsuccinimide compounds and 0.5 to 10% by weight of (c) at least one compound selected from salicylates, phenates and sulfonates of alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and an additive system comprising (A) from about 0.1 to about 5 % by weight of a detergent composition comprising at least two metal overbased compositions wherein said detergent composition consists essentially of (A-1) at least one alkali metal overbased detergent and (A-2) at least one calcium overbased detergent, wherein the ratio of total base number on a per 100 TBN and diluent-free basis contributed by the alkali metal detergent to the total base number contributed by the calcium detergent ranges from about 99.5-20 to about 0.5-80; (B) from about 1 to about 10 % by weight of a succinimide dispersant; and (C) from about 0.1 to about 5 % by weight of a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate of the formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 are each, independently, hydrocarbyl groups containing from 3 to 13 carbon atoms, M is a metal and n is an integer equal to the valence of M.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition containing a base oil of lubricating viscosity, overbased sulfurized alkylphenate detergent or its calcium salt, an overbased alkylsulfonate detergent or its calcium salt, an ashless dispersant, and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and/or zinc diaryidithiophosphate is described. The lubricating oil composition provides improved heat stability and anti-wear performance in marine diesel engines operated under severe conditions where the cylinder liner temperature may reach 200 to 260° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for use in industrial oils such as hydraulic oils, bearing oils, industrial gear oils and sliding surface lubricating oils.

Abstract: There is disclosed a traction drive fluid which comprises a base oil blended with (A) an active phosphate ester base compound, (B) a boron-containing imide base dispersant (e.g. polyalkenyl succinimide treated with a boron compound) and (C) a boron-free imide base dispersant (e.g. polyalkenyl succinimide) in such blending amounts that the phosphorus content derived from the component (A) and the boron content derived from the component (B) are each 100 to 600 ppm, preferably 60 to 300 ppm by weight, and at least 60 ppm by weight, respectively based on the base oil, and the boron-free imide base dispersant (C) is blended so that the ratio by weight of the nitrogen in the component(C) to the boron in the component (B) is at least 1, preferably 1 to 6.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition containing a base oil of lubricating viscosity, overbased sulfurized alkylphenate detergent or its calcium salt, an overbased alkylsulfonate detergent or its calcium salt, an ashless dispersant, and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and/or zinc diaryldithiophosphate is described. The lubricating oil composition provides improved heat stability and anti-wear performance in marine diesel engines operated under severe conditions where the cylinder liner temperature reach 200 to 260° C.

Abstract: In diesel engines, soot is produced by combustion and enters into the engine oil, preventing the engine lubricant from fully exercising its lubricity. The present invention provides a lubricating composition comprising a lubricating basestock, an organic molybdenum compound (A) and succinimide (B) having 0.01 or less of an IR spectrum absorbance peak intensity ratio &agr;/&bgr;, wherein &agr; represents an absorbance peak intensity at 1,550±10 cm−1 and &bgr; represents an absorbance peak intensity at 1,700±10 cm−1. Preferably, the organic molybdenum compound is the compound represented by the following formula (1) or formula (2): (wherein R1 to R8 each independently represent a hydrocarbon, and X1 to X8 each independently represent a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom), or a reaction product of an amine and a molybdenum compound having at least one pentavalent or hexavalent molybdenum atom.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lubricating oil composition for automatic transmissions which comprises a base oil comprising at least one oil selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil each having a specific kinematic viscosity and a % CA; (A) a non-boron based succinic acid imide (e.g. polybutenylsuccinic acid imide) and a boron based succinic acid imide each in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the whole composition; (B) a condensation product of a branched chain fatty acid having 8 to 30 carbon atoms (e.g. isostearic acid) and an amine (e.g. tetraethylene-pentamine) in an amount of 0.05 to 2% by weight based on the same; and (C) a dialkyl hydrogenphosphite (e.g. dioleyl hydrogenphosphite) in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight based on the same, and optionally at least one member selected from viscosity index improvers, antioxidants, metal deactivators, defoaming agents, detergents, extreme pressure agents and rust preventives.

Abstract: An aviation piston engine lubricant having no metal containing additive is provided. The lubricant contains (a) a base oil consisting essentially of a mixture of (i) at least about 50 wt % based on the total weight of the lubricant of one or more mineral oils having a viscosity in the range of about 5 cSt to about 25 cSt at 100° C. and (ii) about 15 to about 40 wt % based on the total weight of the lubricant of a polyalpha olefin fluid having a viscosity in the range of about 4 cSt to about 40 cSt at 100° C.; (b) at least about 3 wt % based on the total weight of the lubricant of an ashless polyisobutylene succinic anhydride/polyamine (PIBSA/PAM) dispersant; and (c) an effective amount of one or more ashless additives selected from the group consisting of antiwear agents, extreme pressure agents, metal passivators, and antioxidants.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is provided, which comprises a lubricating base oil and based on the whole weight of the lubricating oil composition, (A) 0.5 wt % to 10 wt % of a metal salicylate having a total base number of from 100 mg-KOH/g to 195 mg-KOH/g, (B) 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a diarylamine compound, (C) 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a hindered phenol compound, and (D) 1 wt % to 10 wt % of a polyalkenylsuccinimide and/or a boron-containing polyalkenylsuccinimide. Also provided is a lubricating oil composition which further comprises 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a metal phenate having a total base number of from 100 mg-KOH/g to 300 mg-KOH/g as a component (E) in addition to the above components (A) to (D). The lubricating oil composition is excellent in all properties of detergency, NO.sub.x oxidation resistance and thermal oxidation resistance and suitable as a long-life engine oil for gas engine heat pumps.

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid, anhydrides or esters, e.g. polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, preferably made by reacting polymer of C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 monoolefin, preferably polyisobutylene, having a molecular weight of about 1500 to 5,000, preferably with a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 monounsaturated acid, anhydride or ester, preferably maleic anhydride, such that there are 1.05 to 1.25 dicarboxylic acid producing moieties per molecule of said olefin polymer used in the reaction mixture. The resulting materials are useful per se as oil additives, or may be further reacted with amines, alcohols, amino alcohols, boric acid, etc. to form dispersants.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines comprises:(A) a major amount of a basestock of lubricating viscosity containing from greater than 35 to less than 70 mass % of one or more PAO's, the balance preferably being one or more Group I basestocks as defined in API 1509; and(B) two or more additive components such as an ashless dispersant and a metal detergent.

Abstract: A lubricating oil having an ashless nitrogenous TBN source together with ash containing detergent having a TBN in excess of 100, a source of magnesium, and metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate with predominantly or exclusively secondary hydrocarbyl groups is described. It comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity having a sulfated ash content between 0.35 and 2 mass percent and A) a nitrogenous TBN source selected from the group consisting of ashless nitrogen containing dispersants, ashless nitrogen containing dispersant viscosity modifiers, oil soluble aliphatic, oxyalkyl, or arylalkyl amines and mixtures thereof; B) a metal salt of an oil soluble acid having a TBN in excess of 100; C) at least 500 ppm (mass) magnesium; and D) at least one metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate. The nitrogenous TBN source provides at least about 1.5 TBN to the finished lubricant. The metal salt of an oil soluble acid provides at least about 40% of the total TBN of the composition.

Abstract: Automatic transmission fluids are described which contain a dispersant having a nitrogen to phosphorus mass ratio between about 3:1 and about 10:1, and at least one friction modifier. The use of dispersants having a nitrogen to phosphorus mass ratio between about 3:1 and about 10:1 provides automatic transmission fluids which exhibit good anti-shudder properties as well as a higher mid-point torque, a higher static torque in shifting clutch applications and better frictional durability as compared to similar automatic transmission fluids which contain dispersants having a nitrogen to phosphorus mass ratio of less than 3:1.

Abstract: Lubricant or fuel compositions comprising 1) an organo, ring-substituted diphenyl sulfide, e.g. a monoalkyldiphenyl sulfide; 2) a dispersant component comprising at least one polymer-substituted succinimide, succinamide and/or succinic acid ester in which the alcohol or phenol moiety of the ester group may optionally contain amide, imide or amine nitrogen functionality, or mixtures of said amide, imide and/or ester; and 3) a dithiophosphate, e.g., a zinc dithiophosphate. The compositions have superior antiwear and extreme pressure properties.

Abstract: The anti-shudder durability of power transmitting fluids, particularly automatic transmission fluids, is improved by incorporating a combination of low potency friction modifiers, alkyl phosphites, specific ashless dispersants and a corrosion inhibitor. The anti-shudder durability of these fluids may be further enhanced by inclusion of a metallic detergent.