Abstract: Dioxolane compound film-forming agents are formulated into surface coating compositions such as paints and varnishes, in particular industrial, graphic and architectural paints, and serve as coalescence agents and/or drying retardants.

Abstract: A marine lubricating oil has a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; and a minor amount of an overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate having a TBN of at least 200. Between 40 wt. % and 80 wt. % of the alkyl group is attached at the 4-position and higher positions of the alkyl group. The oxy group can be hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, or hexoxy.

Abstract: A.

Abstract: A process for producing an overbased oil soluble calcium sulfonate, comprising the steps of: (a) mixing a substrate comprising a sulfonic acid or a calcium salt of a sulfonic acid, with at least one alcohol, a diluent oil, a carboxylic acid, an acidic material, water and calcium oxide to form a mixture; (b) heating the mixture to its reflux point to form a neutral calcium salt of the acid moieties; (c) removing a substantial portion of distillable solvents to form an intermediate residue; (d) adding to the intermediate residue at least one alcohol, a surfactant, calcium oxide and water such that for every 100 parts of substrate, there are not more than 25 parts water to form an intimate mixture having a direct base number of 90-250; (e) heating said intimate mixture (d) to below its reflux point to form a heated intimate mixture; (f) passing gaseous carbon dioxide into the heated intimate mixture (e) to form an overbased calcium sulfonate and a mixture of calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and regenerated w