Abstract: A crankcase lubricating oil composition for the crankcase of a spark-ignited or compression-ignited internal combustion engine, comprising a magnesium-containing detergent, in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-4000 ppm magnesium to the lubricating oil composition, in combination with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 600-1500 ppm molybdenum atoms to the lubricating oil composition, and with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible boron-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-600 ppm boron atoms to the lubricating oil composition to improve the friction and fuel economy performance.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a lubricating oil additive containing a vicinal diol and a particular detergent blend typically is low viscosity base oils whereby exhibiting improved fuel economy. In this respect, disclosed is a lubricating oil composition comprising: a major amount of base oil of lubricating viscosity; a friction modifier which is selected from the group consisting of C10-C30 alkane 1,2-diols and C10-C30 alkene 1,2-diols; an overbased alkyl alkaline earth metal hydroxybenzoate detergent having a metal ratio less than 3.0; and an overbased alkyl calcium sulfonate or an overbased alkyl calcium hydroxybenzoate having a metal ratio of 3.5 or greater.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for reducing low speed pre-ignition events in a spark-ignited direct injection internal combustion engine by supplying to the sump a lubricant composition which contains an oil of lubricating viscosity and an overbased sodium detergent. The metal overbased detergent may be selected from sulfonate detergents, phenate detergents, and salicylate detergents, including sulfonate detergents with a metal ratio of at least 5.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil compositions which comprises (a) a major amount of one or more Group II basestocks, and (b) a detergent composition comprising (i) one or more alkaline earth metal salts of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid having a TBN of about 100 to about 250, and (ii) one or more high overbased alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof; wherein the aromatic moiety of the alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof contains no hydroxyl groups; and wherein the marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil composition has a TBN of about 5 to about 120.

Abstract: An overbased sulfonate modified lithium carboxylate grease composition and method of manufacture comprising overbased calcium sulfonate, overbased magnesium sulfonate, or both added to a source of lithium hydroxide, base oil, and optionally one or more acids when a complex grease is desired. When overbased sulfonate is added, the amount of dicarboxylic acid relative monocarboxylic acid may be reduced. Additionally, the amount of lithium hydroxide added may be less than stoichiometrically needed to react with the acids. A sulfonate modified lithium grease with improved thickener yield and dropping point may be made without multiple heating and cooling cycles or using a pressurized kettle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil compositions which comprises (a) a major amount of one or more Group I basestocks, and (b) a detergent composition comprising (i) one or more alkaline earth metal salts of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid having a TBN of about 100 to about 250, and (ii) one or more high overbased alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof; wherein the aromatic moiety of the alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof contains no hydroxyl groups; and wherein the marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil composition has a TBN of about 5 to about 120.

Abstract: A process for production of cylinder oil comprises providing used oil, providing fresh cylinder oil, and blending the used oil with the fresh cylinder oil. The used oil has a lower TBN value than the fresh cylinder oil. A process for the operation of an internal combustion engine comprises preparing cylinder oil as described and using the cylinder oil in the internal combustion engine. An apparatus for the preparation of a cylinder oil comprises a blending means for blending used oil and fresh cylinder oil. The blending means is in flow communication with at least one compartment of an internal combustion engine that comprises used oil or at least one storage compartment comprising used oil, at least one storage compartment for fresh cylinder oil, and at least one cylinder of an internal combustion engine. Used oil and fresh cylinder oil are used for the preparation of cylinder oil.

Abstract: An axle oil composition having enhanced fuel efficiency and low viscosity is provided, wherein the axle oil composition contains 40 to 70 wt % of poly alpha olefin (PAO) synthetic oil; 5 to 35 wt % of an oil soluble poly alkylene glycol (OSP) synthetic oil; 15 to 20 wt % of an ester-based viscosity modifier; 0.05 to 0.5 wt % of calcite; and 5 to 20 wt % of additive, wherein the axle oil composition having enhanced fuel efficiency and low viscosity has average kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 11.5 to 13.5 cSt and average kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 65 to 75 cSt and forms an oil film having a thickness of 85 to 96 nm even at low viscosity, largely improving durability and fuel efficiency of a vehicle.

Abstract: An oil additive includes a hydrotalcite-like compound, and a radical trapping agent having a melting point of 130° C. or higher.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a lubricant for marine engines including at least one base oil, at least one overbased detergent, at least one neutral detergent and at least one fatty amine.

Abstract: Provided are formulations, methods of making, and methods of using a functional fluid of the present invention to achieve and maintain optimal frictional characteristics in machines housing that fluid, wherein the functional fluid comprises, among others, a friction-modifying amount of an alkyl toluene sulfonate salt or a mixture of alkyl toluene sulfonate salts.

Abstract: Oxidative degradation may be reduced in a lubricant composition which contains an oil of lubricating viscosity and at least about 1 percent by weight of a C1-C3 alkyl ester of a carboxylic acid of about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, by including within the lubricant composition a sulfonate detergent in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 0.2 percent by weight sulfonate soap to the lubricant composition, wherein the weight ratio of sulfonate soap to phenate soap in the lubricant composition is at least about 0.35:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to lubricating compositions and methods for producing same. The lubricating composition comprises a lubricating medium and the product of dehydration of natural minerals or a mixture of natural minerals, or of synthesized hydrates. The dehydration product contains the oxides MgO and/or SiO2 and/or Al2O3 and/or CaO and/or Fe2O3 and/or K2O and/or Na2O and has a particle size in a range of 100-100000 nm. The method for producing the lubricating composition comprises a step in which hydrates of metal and/or non-metal oxides are dehydrated at a temperature of from 300 to 1200° C., a step in which the dehydration product is stabilized by being kept at a temperature of from 700 to 1200° C. for a period of 1 to 3 hours, and a step in which the resultant product is mixed with a lubricating medium.

Abstract: A low sulphated ash lubricating oil composition comprises an ashless aromatic amine antioxidant and an overbased magnesium detergent which exhibits improved thermal oxidation stability.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing a diarylamine, an aminobenzene and an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition to improve TBN retention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cylinder lubricating oil composition for a crosshead-type diesel engine, which is improved in oxidation stability and anti-scuffing properties besides the properties of the conventional cylinder lubricating oil composition and comprises a base oil having an aromatic content of 8.5 percent by mass or more and on the basis of the total mass of the composition (A) an alkaline earth metal phenate in an amount of 0.005 mole/kg or more on the basis of phenate soap content, (B) an aminic antioxidant in an amount of 0.1 to 5 percent by mass and (C) an oil-soluble molybdenum compound in an amount of 30 to 500 ppm by mass on the basis of molybdenum and having a base number of 20 to 100 mgKOH/g and a 100° C. kinematic viscosity of 12.6 mm2/s or higher.

Abstract: An oil-soluble lubricating oil additive composition comprising (a) at least 3.5 wt-% of at least one friction modifier selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, and alkane diols which have a melting point of greater than 30° C.; (b) at least 10 wt-% actives dispersant; and (c) a sufficient amount of surfactant to make said additive composition haze-, sediment-, and skin-free, provided that said additive composition contains at least 150 mm surfactant per kg of said lubricating oil additive composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil compositions which comprises (a) a major amount of one or more Group II basestocks, and (b) a detergent composition comprising (i) one or more alkaline earth metal salts of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid having a TBN of about 100 to about 250, and (ii) one or more high overbased alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof; wherein the aromatic moiety of the alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof contains no hydroxyl groups; and wherein the marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil composition has a TBN of about 5 to about 120.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil compositions which comprises (a) a major amount of one or more Group I basestocks, and (b) a detergent composition comprising (i) one or more alkaline earth metal salts of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid having a TBN of about 100 to about 250, and (ii) one or more high overbased alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof; wherein the aromatic moiety of the alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof contains no hydroxyl groups; and wherein the marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil composition has a TBN of about 5 to about 120.

Abstract: A lubricant comprising (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity; and (b) an overbased, carbonated calcium arylsulfonate detergent having a total base number (TBN) of at least about 640 as calculated on an oil-free basis effectively lubricates the surfaces in the synchronizer of a manual transmission.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is disclosed which comprises (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) one or more non-halogen-containing oil-soluble titanium complexes comprising at least one ligand comprising an anion of a carboxylic acid; (c) one or more dispersants; and (d) one or more detergents, wherein the lubricating oil composition is free of any zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.

Abstract: To provide a lubricating oil composition including a base oil which is composed of a mineral oil and/or a synthetic oil and which has a viscosity index of 95 or higher, and (A) an alkenylsuccinimide in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 mass %, (B) an acidic phosphite diester having a C6 to C10 hydrocarbon group in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 mass %, and (C) at least one species selected from among a perbasic alkaline earth metal sulfonate, a perbasic alkaline earth metal phenate, and a perbasic alkaline earth metal salycilate, in an amount of 0.001 to 0.3 mass %, with respect to the total amount of the composition.

Abstract: Transmission fluid compositions are provided having improved power transmission properties through the presence therein of certain defined additives, which increase the energy efficiency of the transmission during operation. The invention further provides a process for the manufacture of such transmission fluid compositions, a method of improving the energy efficiency of a transmission, and an additive concentrate for a transmission fluid.

Abstract: A lubricant comprising (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity; and (b) an overbased, carbonated calcium arylsulfonate detergent having a total base number (TBN) of at least about 640 as calculated on an oil-free basis effectively lubricates non-metallic surfaces in the synchronizer of a manual transmission.

Abstract: The invention provides a grease composition for hub unit bearing, containing (a) an aromatic diurea thickener, (b) a base oil, (c) a metal salt of oxidized wax, (d) diphenyl hydrogen phosphate, and (e) at least one rust preventive selected from the group consisting of sulfonate rust preventives and carboxylic acid rust preventives. The grease composition of the invention shows excellent anti-fretting properties at low temperature, and at the same time, exhibit excellent rust preventing properties.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a product obtainable from a 1,4-conjugate addition of an aminocarboxylic acid to an activated olefin. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine by lubricating the engine with the lubricating composition. The invention further relates to the use of the product disclosed herein as a lead corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: A lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity, 1 to 80 parts per million by weight of titanium in the form of an oil-soluble titanium-containing material, and a salicylate detergent provides beneficial effects on properties such as deposit control, oxidation, and filterability in engine oils.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition of SAE viscosity grade 0W20 which comprises a base oil and additive components comprising a nitrogen-containing ashless dispersant, an alkaline earth metal-containing detergent, a phosphorus-containing wear inhibitor, an oxidation inhibitor and a viscosity index improver and which shows a viscosity index of 200-240, a HTHS viscosity of not less than 2.9 mPa·s s at 150° C. and a Noack evaporation loss of not more than 13% favorably gives a high fuel economy and high wear inhibition to a four cycle gasoline engine of motorcycles and a diesel engine mounted on motor cars equipped with an exhaust gas post-processing apparatus.

Abstract: A functional fluid comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and at least about 0.05 wt-% glycerol. A method of preparing a functional fluid comprising adding glycerol to a functional fluid, wherein the glycerol is not glycerol monooleate. A method of preparing an additive concentrate comprising adding glycerol to a diluent oil wherein the concentrate contains from about 1% to about 99% by weight of said diluent. A method of reducing wear comprising contacting a metal surface with a functional fluid comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and at least about 0.05 wt-% glycerol.

Abstract: A lubricating base oil contains: an overbased calcium sulfonate having a different base number provided such that a total base number is in a range of 280 to 500 mgKOH/g and a calcium concentration in a total amount is in a range of 280 to 3000 mass ppm (in terms of calcium); and orthophosphates that is at least one selected from phosphates and acid phosphates and provided such that a phosphorus concentration is 50 mass ppm or more. A high friction coefficient of 0.11 or more and a favorable wear resistance of a specific wear rate of less than 2.0×10?8 mm3/Nm are obtained, thereby reliably providing a high power transmission capacity for a long period of time, particularly in a belt-type continuously variable transmission equipped with a metallic belt.

Abstract: An engine fueled by natural gas may be lubricated by providing thereto a lubricant composition of an oil of lubricating viscosity, an overbased monovalent metal detergent in an amount to provide at least about 0.01 weight percent monovalent metal to the lubricant composition, wherein the monovalent metal comprises about 10 to about 30 percent by weight of the total metal content of the lubricant composition, an overbased divalent metal detergent, in an amount to provide at least about 0.005 percent by weight of the divalent metal to the lubricant composition, a dispersant, and a metal salt of a phosphorus acid. The lubricant composition has a sulfated ash of less than about 0.8 percent.

Abstract: A grease composition for EV/HEV driving motor bearing, containing a diurea thickener of the following formula (A): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are defined, with the ratio of the number of moles of the straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 16 to 20 carbon atoms to the total number of moles of the cyclohexyl group and the straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 16 to 20 carbon atoms, expressed as [((the number of alkyl group)/(the number of cyclohexyl group+the number of alkyl group))×100] being 60 to 80%, and a base oil which has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 15 to 50 mm2/s and includes a trimethylolpropane ester oil in an amount of 80 mass % or more based on the total base oil mass. The grease composition can exhibit a long bearing lubrication life at high temperature and high speed, and satisfactory low-temperature flowability.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a compound obtained/obtainable by a process comprising reacting a glycolic acid, a 2-halo-acetic acid, or a lactic acid, or an alkali or alkaline metal salts thereof, (typically glycolic acid or a 2-halo-acetic acid) with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an amine, an alcohol, and an aminoalcohol. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for improving the fuel efficiency of large low and medium speed engine oil compositions by reducing the traction coefficient of the oil by formulating the oil using a blend consisting of one or more Group I base oils having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of from 2 to less than 12 mm2/s in combination with a Group IV base oil having a kinematic viscosity of at least 38, the difference in kinematic viscosity between the Group I and Group IV oils in the blend being at least 30 mm2/s in combination with a detergent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition comprising: a lubricant base oil; and a dialkyl monothiophosphate metal salt, wherein based on the total mass of the lubricating oil composition, the dialkyl monothiophosphate metal salt is contained in an amount of 0.005 to 0.12 mass % in terms of phosphorus; thereby it is possible to provide the lubricating oil composition which can be reduced in the sulfur content and which exhibits excellent friction reduction while maintaining the anti-wear property equivalent to that of the ZnDTP-added oil.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a compound obtained/obtainable by a process comprising reacting a glycolic acid, a 2-halo-acetic acid, or a lactic acid, or an alkali or alkaline metal salts thereof, (typically glycolic acid or a 2-halo-acetic acid) with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an amine, an alcohol, and an aminoalcohol. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Provided is a lubricating oil composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and (b) one or more borated alkaline earth metal alkyltoluene sulfonate detergents; wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises no more than about 0.20 wt. % of phosphorus and no more than about 0.50 wt. % of sulfur.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is disclosed which comprises (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) one or more non-halogen-containing oil-soluble titanium complexes comprising at least one ligand comprising an anion of a carboxylic acid; (c) one or more dispersants; and (d) one or more detergents, wherein the lubricating oil composition is free of any zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.

Abstract: A functional fluid comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and an oil soluble amount of glycerol carbonate or an oil soluble amount of a borated glycerol.

Abstract: A method of improving the compatibility of an overbased detergent with other additives in a lubricating oil composition. The method includes the step of the using a detergent have a degree of carbonation of greater than 85%.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fluid for lubricating the clutch-only portion of a wet clutch in a dual clutch transmission. The fluid provides high dynamic friction durability and comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity formulated with additive components comprising: i) at least one metal detergent; ii) at least one phosphorus-based wear preventative; iii) a phosphorylated and boronated dispersant different than the at least one phosphorus-based wear preventative; iv) a sulfurized extreme pressure agent; and a ratio between the content (ppm) of the sulfur based on the total weight of the fluid composition and a content (ppm) of phosphorus based on the total weight of the fluid composition ranging from about 2.0 to about 0.5 (ppm/ppm).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a lubricating oil for use in engines subjected to sustained severe load conditions, said lubricating oil comprising a base oil, and an additive package comprising one or more neutral/low TBN or a mixture of neutral/low TBN, and overbased/high TBN alkali or alkaline earth metal alkyl sulfonates, alkyl phenates, alkyl salicylates, an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of glycerine derivatives comprising glycerine grafted with a hindered phenol, hindered phenolic containing a thioether group, and mixtures thereof, optionally an additional conventional antioxidant and/or an organomolybdenum compound, and other additives, and to a method for enhancing the deposit formation resistance of a lubricating oil used in engines operated under sustained severe load comprising the addition to the lubricant of the aforesaid additive package.

Abstract: This invention provides a composition of insulating fluid and process for the preparation thereof that mainly contains alkyl benzenes. In addition to alkyl benzenes, the composition also contains an antioxidant, an antifoaming agent, a pour point dispersant, a corrosion inhibitor and a detergent-dispersant additive. The product of this invention has utility as an insulating fluid in electrical installations such as transformer.

Abstract: Overbased MgO dispersions with high magnesium content and acceptably low viscosities are prepared without gel formation by heating to 280-360° C. under high pressure in a sealed reactor a mixture of MgO, selected dispersants, low MW carboxylic acids, water and a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point below 280° C. No additional solubilizing or dispersing agents, promoters or reactants such as carbon dioxide, amines, alcohols etc are needed to obtain the desired dispersions. Compositions such as lubricating oils and fuels containing the overbased magnesium dispersions as additives are also disclosed.

Abstract: A marine diesel cylinder is lubricated using a lubricant having a total base number (TBN) of at least about 25, comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and a metal-containing detergent component. Forty to 90 percent of the TBN derived from the metal-containing detergent component is provided by calcium detergent; 5 to 40 percent of the TBN by sodium detergent; and 5 to 45 percent by magnesium detergent. At least 50 weight percent of the total detergent substrate is sulfonate and less than 50 weight percent is monomeric or oligomeric substrate comprising one or more units of alkyl-substituted phenol having an alkyl group of 8 to 14 carbon atoms. The lubricant is useful when the marine diesel engine is fueled with a liquid fuel containing at least 2 ppm vanadium.

Abstract: Fire resistant lubricating grease compositions resistant to self ignition and/or capable of self extinguishment when contacted with surfaces having temperatures of up to 900° C. are disclosed. The invention provides for grease compositions comprising (1) base oil (which can be mineral, vegetable, synthetic or combinations thereof), (2) at least one grease thickener (selected from calcium sulfonates or lithium-based soaps), and (3) water as major components. The invention also provides a method for the preparation of the grease composition and a method for lubrication of bearings, gears, surfaces and other lubricated components comprising use of the grease composition of the present invention. The grease compositions of this invention display excellent fire resistance properties and still have outstanding physical and performance characteristics for applications where temperatures and loads are high, shock loading is significant and in the presence of significant amounts of water.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to super overbased polyalkenyl sulfonate and alkylaryl sulfonate composition comprising (a) one or more super overbased polyalkenyl sulfonates and (b) one or more super overbased alkylaryl sulfonates wherein the total base number (TBN) of the sulfonate composition is greater than 400. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing such super overbased polyalkenyl sulfonate and alkylaryl sulfonate composition.

Abstract: A low-sulfur, low-phosphorus composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity; a substantially nitrogen-free sufurized olefin antiwear agent; a nitrogen-containing dispersant; and an overbased detergent selected from the group consisting of salixarates, saligenins, salicylates, and glyoxylates; containing less than about 0.1 percent by weight phosphorus, less than about 0.5 percent by weight sulfur, and having less than about 1.2% sulfated ash, is useful for lubricating a diesel engine, exhibiting good antiwear performance.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for improving the fuel efficiency of engine oil compositions for large low, medium and high speed engines by reducing the traction coefficient of the oil by formulating the oil using at least two base stocks of different kinematic viscosity wherein the differences in kinematic viscosity between the base stocks is at least 30 mm2/s, and additizing the composition with one or more detergents.

Abstract: There is disclosed a Super Tractor Oil Universal lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity formulated with an additive package comprising at least one metal detergent, at least one phosphorus-based wear preventative, and at least one molybdenum compound. Methods for improving the braking performance of a tractor and the anti-wear protection of a tractor engine are also disclosed.