Abstract: A multilayer abrading tool is produced by first providing a tool substrate with an irregular abrading surface. The irregular surface is covered with metal balls which are brazed thereto to form a structured surface. An abrasive grit coating is provided by mixing a temporary binder, an abrasive grit material and an infiltrant powder material. This coating is then applied to the structured surface. The tool is then heated to drive off the binder and to cause infiltration of the infiltrant in the abrasive grit to form a multilayer of diamond grit suspended in a braze matrix which is attached to the structured surface of the tool substrate.

Abstract: An abrasive particle, for use in a manufacturing method in which the particle is exposed to a high energy beam, such as a laser, is provided with an abrasive core having an enclosing coating which protects the core from detrimental deterioration during exposure to the beam. In one form, the coating is multilayer.The particle is included on a surface of a member of a rotary seal for abrading an opposing surface.

Abstract: An annular thin plate blade having a cutting edge at its inner periphery and a method of producing the thin plate blade in which an annular member made of polycrystalline diamond formed by vapor phase synthesis is provided at the inner periphery of the thin plate blade and the thin plate blade has a thickness of 20 to 300 .mu.m.

Abstract: A method of manufacture of a durable abrasive sheet which includes a perforated metal sheet of woven metal mesh or the like having abrasive grit brazedly attached, imbedded in a backing substrate. The method includes the steps of coating a perforated metal substrate with a mixture of an infiltrant and a temporary binder and applying a layer of abrasive grit particles thereto. Thereafter, this product is heated to drive off the binder and attach the grit particles to the perforated metal substrate. The metal substrate having the grit particles attached is then imbedded in a backing substrate such that the portion of the perforated metal substrate having the grit particles attached are at the surface of the backing substrate. In order to provide a cutting type abrasive sheet material the particles are magnetically aligned on the perforated metal substrate and brazed in position. Thereafter, a deformable substrate sheet is placed contiguous with the perforated metal substrate.

Abstract: Vitrified bonded abrasive bodies prepared from sol-gel sintered aluminous grit particles and a vitreous (glass) bond exhibit improved abrasive performance by coating the surfaces of the grit particles with a metal oxide, preferably by means of an organofunctional metal-containing surfactant having a metal content of at least about 10 weight percent.

Abstract: Vitrified bonded abrasive bodies prepared from sol gel sintered aluminous grit particles and a vitreous (glass) bond exhibit improved abrasive performance by treating the surfaces of the grit particles so as to give them silica-enriched surfaces.

Abstract: A monolayer CBN tool is fabricated by coating CBN grits with carbides of transition metals directly by CVD to make the surface metallurgically compatible to readily and commercially available brazing alloys known for their strength and durability.

Abstract: An abrading tool (10) particularly well adapted for abrading rubberized components. The tool (10) comprises a hardened steel substrate (12) having a matrix bonding layer (14) thereover. A plurality of hard particles (18) are disposed at least partially within the matrix bonding layer (14). An outer coating (20) of a hard refractory material is deposited simultaneously about the hard particles (18) and matrix bonding layer (14) by utilizing either a physical or chemical vapor deposition technique. The outer coating (20) increases the abrading characteristics and longevity of the tool (10).

Abstract: An abrasive compact with a substantially solid body is provided from a mass of abrasive particles which are bonded together on a particle-to-particle basis. A network of interstices is formed within the body by removing the metallic second phase by-product of a solvent catalyst sintering aid. The network of interstices is filled with the carbide by product of a non-catalyst sintering aid forking a solid body. A substrate is bonded to some of the particles and to some of the carbide filling the network of interstices.

Abstract: Broadly, the present invention comprises substantially spherical glass globules encapsulating an abrasive particle. The globules are suitable for incorporating into a vitreous bonded grinding wheel and can be made by the steps comprising forming a mixture of glass powder, abrasive particles, and a fluent binder. The binder is fused to form a solid mass containing said glass powder and abrasive particles. The solid mass then is attrited into discrete particles. A desired size fraction of particles of the attrited mass then is separated from any undersize and oversize particle fractions. Finally, the desired size fraction is heated to fuse the glass particles into substantially spherical globules which encapsulate one or more of said abrasive particles. The globules are suitable, then, for incorporation into vitreous bonded grinding wheels.

Abstract: A diamond element having good bonding properties and a method for fabricating the diamond element in which a diamond substrate is coated by and bonded to a first layer of chromium carbide, a second layer containing titanium is bonded to said first layer, and a third layer of tungsten, or molybdenum deposited by a CVD technique utilizing metal halides, is bonded to said second layer. The second layer functions to protect the chromium carbide layer against attack by halide containing gas during the CVD deposition of the tungsten, or molybdenum.

Abstract: A cemented carbide tool of excellent wear resistance and fracture resistance includes a substrate of cemented carbide, and a ceramic coating layer by chemical vapor deposition. The thickness of the layer is in the range of between 2 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m, and the layer has cracks of such a depth that the cracks extend perpendicularly from a surface of the layer to the substrate. The cracks are formed in a network-like pattern to minutely divide the layer. The average value of the depths of the cracks in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the layer is not less than the thickness of the layer and not more than a value equal to the coating thickness plus 5 .mu.m. The average value of widths of the cracks is not more than 2 .mu.m. The average value of intervals between the cracks is not less than 10 .mu.m and not more than 100 .mu.m.

Abstract: A method of producing a magnetic disk by lapping a magnetic disk medium, comprising the steps of:preparing a lapping tape having an abrasive particle layer provided with abrasive particle clusters and chip pockets formed between adjacent two clusters, each of said clusters having abrasive particles of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 or SiC and abrasive particles of diamond,lapping the surface of said magnetic disk medium by using the thus prepared lapping tape.

Abstract: A marble, granite and stone gel-type polishing composition and method. The polishing composition includes a polishing constituent mixture and a gel-type carrier agent. The gel-type carrier agent at least temporarily maintains the polishing constituent mixture in suspension prior to and during application to the work surface.

Abstract: This invention provides coated and three-dimensional, low density abrasive articles comprising ammonium fluoride-based salts which serve as grinding aids.

Abstract: This invention provides coated and three-dimensional, low density abrasive articles which comprise color stabilized alkali metal hydroxide catalyzed phenolic resin.

Abstract: Abrasive article using sintered sol-gel abrasive particles mixed with other particles having greater friability, and carried in a bond.

Abstract: A coated abrasive article having carbon black aggregates incorporated into the construction thereof, in a concentration sufficient to reduce or eliminate the buildup of static electricity during its use.

Abstract: A method of treating a workpiece by an abrasive article, the surface of which has a specified pattern. The abrasive article comprises a backing having at least one abrasive composite bonded thereto. The abrasive composite or composites comprise a plurality of abrasive grains dispersed in a binder. The abrasive composite or composites have a predetermined shape and are disposed in a predetermined array, which typically consists of a plurality of peaks and valleys. As a result of the method of this invention, the surface of the workpiece can be provided with a profile that is similar to or substantially identical to the inverse of the pattern of the abrasive article.

Abstract: Multigrain abrasive particles and articles made therefrom are provided wherein the particles comprise fine granules of cubic boron nitride or diamond bound by a sintered matrix of one or more layers of active coating material that is chemically bonded to the underlying surface. These particles are obtained by sintering the coated granules under relatively mild conditions in comparison to those necessary to form monocrystalline abrasive particles of a similar size. In certain embodiments, the use of high pressure, high temperature equipment can be avoided. The particles have improved breakdown characteristics which can be controlled through a selection of the coating thickness, the type of coating and the size of the fine granules to be bonded. The process is well suited for the use of diamond powder produced from chemical vapor deposition processes.

Abstract: A blade member of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide for cutting tools has a tungsten carbide based cemented carbide substrate having a hard phase, a binder phase and unavoidable impurities. The hard phase has 5% to 60% by weight of one or more of carbide and carbo-nitride of titanium, tantalum and tungsten, and carbide and carbonitride of titanium, tantalum, niobium and tungsten. The binder phase has 3% to 10% by weight of cobalt and a balance tungsten carbide. The substrate has a surface softening layer having a cobalt-pool phase and an interior portion. The surface softening layer has an outermost region in which hardness is generally constant with respect to depth from the substrate surface and an inner region in which hardness rises inwardly of the substrate up to the hardness of the interior portion. There is also disclosed a process for producing the above-mentioned blade member.

Abstract: A method of producing an abrasive body which consists of an abrasive compact sandwiched between layers of cemented carbide. The method includes the steps of providing an unbonded structure comprising a layer of ultra-hard abrasive particles sandwiched between two carbide layers. Each carbide layer is a layer of cemented carbide or a layer containing the components necessary to produce cemented carbide. The two carbide layers and the sandwiched layer each contain a binder metal selected from cobalt, nickel, iron and the like. The concentration of binder metal in the sandwiched layer is less than the concentration of the binder metal in one of the carbide layers, and is higher than the concentration in the binder metal in the other carbide layer. The unbonded structure is subjected to conditions of elevated temperature suitable to produce the abrasive body.

Abstract: A polishing method and abrasive pads used to polish of abrade, for example, lenses. The pad is manufactured with an abrasives such as grains of the mean diameter: 0.5-10 .mu.m of alumina, zirconium oxide, tin oxide, and cerium oxide, a kind of water-soluble cellulose ether selected from the group of hydroxypropylmethyl and the like, and a kind of insolubilizing agent such as glyoxal, citric acid, and the like. The substances above are blended and coated on a sheet-like substrate. In polishing process, only water is poured between the rotating abrasives pad and goods to be polished.

Abstract: In the present invention there is provided a method for producing abrasive ceramic and ceramic composite material characterized by an abrasive grain as the comminuted form of a polycrystalline ceramic material. The abrasive grains of the present invention consist essentially of the oxidation reaction product of a parent materal precursor with a vapor phase oxidant, and, optionally one or more metallic constituents such as non-oxidized constituents of the parent metal. There is also provided a method for producing abrasive grains which additionally consist of one or more inert filler materials.

Abstract: Coated abrasive products having abrasive filaments of polycrystalline alumina.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hard abrasive particles comprising diamond nuclei and cubic boron nitride layers coated on said diamond nuclei and a method of producing the same.Diamond has the highest hardness but has not been used as grinding materials, abrasive compounds, cutting materials and the like of the iron group metals due to the reactivity thereof upon them at high temperatures.Accordingly, the present invention provides hard abrasive particles comprising diamond nuclei and single crystal or polycrystal cubic boron nitride layers coating a surface of said diamond nuclei, in which the diamond nuclei are connected with the cubic boron nitride layers among atoms thereof, as materials having the hardness equal to that of diamond and capable of using for the grinding, the abrasion and the like of the iron group metals and a method of producing the same.

Abstract: There are provided abrasive particles having a refractory metal oxide coating, a non-metallic precursor to a refractory metal oxide coating, or an elemental metal coating of at least about 20 weight percent of the abrasive particles. In addition abrasive tools such as grinding wheels, especially vitreous bonded grinding wheels, utilizing the coated abrasive particles are provided.

Abstract: Sinter ceramic abrasive grains having increased surface area and a method of making the same are provided. The abrasive grains are incorporated into improved "shelling-resistant" abrasive articles such as coated abrasives, grinding wheels and non-woven abrasives. The ceramic abrasive grains are made by providing first particles comprising alpha-alumina precursor, introducing fine parpticles which can be sintered directly to the surface of the first particles upon sintering of the same, and heating the mixture of particles under sintering conditions to cause autogenous bonding of the fine particles of the surface of each of the first particles.

Abstract: A method for reconditioning diamond abrasive generator wheels having a layer of diamond particles brazed to the grinding surface involves heating the braze, binding the diamond particles above the liquid melting point, reorienting the diamond particles to increase their abrasive effect, then cooling the braze with the reoriented diamond particles until it resolidifies.

Abstract: An integral abrasive cutting tool comprising a multiplicity of equally spaced parallel coaxial abrasive cutting discs is formed by rotating a cylindrical mandrel coated with a matrix of abrasive powder in a metal in a fluid bath. A wire is aligned tangentially with the coating and voltage pulses are applied therebetween while the wire is fed in its lengthwise direction past the coating. The wire is translated axially to each of a plurality of disc spacing locations and, at each such location, translated radially to effect electro erosion of the coating forming a channel therein. An abrasive cutting disc is thereby provided between each pair of successive channels.

Abstract: A superhard material-metal composite product comprises a plurality of metal coated superhard particles (diamond or cubic boron nitride), and a binder alloy forming a cementing matrix which binds the coated superhard particles into a coherent mass. The binder alloy has a melting point below about 1300.degree. C. and is capable of wetting the metal coating on the superhard particles. The superhard material-metal composite product is formed by assembling the coated particles and the binder alloy in a graphite mold, and then hot pressing at temperatures and pressures well below the temperatures and pressures of the diamond forming region. The superhard component comprises about 40% to 75% by volume of the composite product. The superhard material-metal composite product is of intermediate quality and is particularly useful in earth boring bits for drilling soft rock formations having abrasive rock stringers therein.

Abstract: In an inside grindstone and a washing method thereof, a plurality of concave cut-outs are arranged on both sides of a cutting-edge layer which is formed at an inner periphery of an annular substrate. Parts of abrasive grains at both sides of an outer periphery of the cutting-edge layer are smaller in projecting amount than parts of the abrasive grains on an inner periphery of the cutting-edge layer.The washing method comprises the step of blowing off shavings accumulated in the concave cut-outs, by abrasive liquid and jetting gas which are jetted toward the cutting-edge layer.

Abstract: A process for preparing an abrasive sheet having abrasive particles adhered on a base sheet in monolayer is disclosed, wherein mixed slurry of abrasive particles and binder adhesive is foamed, the foamed slurry is uniformaly painted on the base sheet, and foams formed in the slurry is broken by heating thereby to form the abrasive sheet having good flatness.

Abstract: A method of producing an abrasive backing or a polishing sheet material which has a nonwoven fabric of a synthetic fiber having a network structure and impregnated with a polyurethane solution. The method has the steps of completely coagulating and drying the polyurethane solution to prepare a base material, removing a skin layer from each surface thereof, dipping the resultant base material in an aqueous solution of a solvent for a short period of time, and treating it in a high-temperature atmosphere for a short period of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to grinding tools, particularly to grinding wheels having an annular band of abrasive material at their periphery and provides an improved method of manufacture. A mixture of abrasive material, temporary binder and ceramic bond is heated to paste-like consistency and then coated on to the desired part of a support member, e.g. on to hub (5) of wheel (4) in the form of an annular band (11). The coated support member is then fired to drive off the temporary binder whereby the coating is firmly bonded to the support member.

Abstract: Laminated grinding disks are built up in layers with the interposition of at least one layer of vibration-damping materials as sound insulation, the layer of vibration-damping materials being placed in the mold in the form of fine, free-flowing powder and/or granules. The powder or granules can consist of elastomers which can withstand heating to more than 110.degree. C. The elastomer can be mixed with synthetic resin. The addition of filler improves the working qualities of the mixture and improves its granulability.

Abstract: An abrasive material is formed by uniformly spacing particles of diamond or other hard, abrasive material, on a flexible carrier, embedding the particles in the carrier, and fixing the particles to the carrier with the particles protruding from the carrier to perform the abrasive action. The particles can be distributed by placing them in the openings of a mesh; and, the mesh may be removed or may be a part of the carrier. Since the carrier is flexible, the carrier can be shaped to conform to substrates of complex shapes. A plurality of carriers having different concentrations can be bonded together to form tools having varying concentrations.

Abstract: Abrasive articles are disclosed comprising at least about 10% by volume of a superabrasive, such as CBN, along with a sintered sol gel aluminous abrasive component.

Abstract: Coated abrasive grains and a manufacturing method for them are disclosed. The abrasive grains are coated using an immersion method with a coating comprising at least one substance selected from carbides, borides, and nitrides of a metal, comprising:preparing an immersion bath comprising a molten salt bath containing said metal; andimmersing abrasive grains to be treated in said immersion bath for a suitable length of time.

Abstract: Grinding wheels are constructed with an improved type of resin binder of a low molecular weight solid epoxy resin. The epoxy resin is in the form of a fine powder and may be mixed with other wheel components such as abrasive grain, wetting agent and fillers. A method in which the epoxy resin and curing agents are processed from their commercially available forms to that most suitable for use as a grinding wheel binder.

Abstract: Abrasive particles comprising a core of alumina-based mineral coated by cathodic arc deposition with a metal boride, carbide, or nitride refractory material are provided. The core can be fused alumina or an alumina-based ceramic. Improved abrasive products having at least a portion of their conventional abrasive particles replaced with the coated abrasive particles are also provided.

Abstract: A grinding wheel for use in a grinding machine, wherein a plurality of grinding tips are bonded on the periphery of a wheel core having a disk-like shape using a bond which forms a bonding layer between the wheel core and the grinding tips. The grinding wheel is further provided with means for preventing coolant from entering inside of the abrasive layer and/or bonding layer, thereby preventing the bonding layer from being swelling by the coolant. In a first embodiment, the preventing means is composed of rubber layers formed on the both side surfaces of the grinding wheel at the places corresponding to the radial position of the bonding layer. In another embodiment, the preventing means is composed of water-repellant material capable of repelling water. Such material is composed of silicon or fluorine resin and is soaked into the grinding tips.

Abstract: A cutting tool is provided composed of a hard substrate having a PVD coating thereon having three layers. The innermost or first layer is composed of a group IVB (titanium, hafnium or zirconium) metal nitride. The middle or second layer is composed of a group IVB carbonitride. The outermost or third layer is also composed of a group IVB metal nitride. The PVD coating is characterized by high hardness and high residual compressive stresses.

Abstract: A tool member includes a tungsten carbide based cemented carbide substrate and a diamond coating deposited on the substrate. The substrate has two diffraction peaks K.alpha..sub.1 and K.alpha..sub.2 indexed by index of pane (211) for tungsten carbide in X-ray diffraction. The peaks satisfy the relationship of 1.sub.1 /1.sub.2 .ltoreq.35, where 1.sub.1 and 1.sub.2 are heights of the peaks K.alpha..sub.1 and K.alpha..sub.2 measured from a base of a trough between the two diffraction peaks. For manufacturing the tool member, a green compact is first sintered to provide a tungsten carbide based cemented carbide substrate. Subsequently the substrate is ground and subsequently heat-treated at a temperature between 1000.degree. C. and 1600.degree. C. in a vacuum or in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Thereafter, a diamond coating is formed on the substrate by vapor-deposition method.

Abstract: An abrasive member comprises a metal film (2) attached to one surface of a flexible sheet (1), a mask (13) of plating resistant material on the exposed surface of the metal film, the plating resistant material having a multitude of discrete openings (14) therein, and metal (3) electrodeposited through the discrete openings onto the metal film in the presence of particulate abrasive material so that the material adheres directly to the metal film and the abrasive (4) is embedded in the metal deposits.

Abstract: This invention relates to a grinding tool wherein a thermocontracting tube on which is formed a partial hone grain layer pattern in which parts having no hone grain layer are scattered is applied to cover the peripheral surface of a shaping base on which is formed a molding surface of a required shape and is then heated to closely adhere to the above mentioned molding surface and to a method of making such grinding tools.

Abstract: Superabrasive grits such as diamond or CBN is chemically bonded with a coating such as tungsten which is in turn bonded to a tool body providing superabrasive cutting tools such as saw blades, grinding wheels, drill bits and the like.

Abstract: A preform cutting element for a rotary drill bit includes a layer of polycrystalline diamond material, the rear face of which is bonded to the front face of a backing layer of less hard material, such as tungsten carbide. The rear face of the backing layer is substantially greater in area than the rear face of the diamond layer. A method of manufacturing such cutting elements comprises forming an intermediate structure comprising polycrystalline diamond material bonded between two outer layers of tungsten carbide, and then cutting the intermediate structure to provide two pieces, each of the pieces including part of the diamond material and at least a major part of a respective one of the two outer layers.

Abstract: Coated abrasive product contains a conductive, doped, conjugated polymer to reduce the static charge generated during abrading operations.

Abstract: Diamond abrasive comprising a mass of idiomorphic crystal grits which each have an irregular shaped core of diamond formed under pressure where diamond is thermodynamically favored phase, and a growth layer of diamond and/or diamond-like carbon formed over said core by chemical vapor deposition.