Abstract: Topical pharmaceutical compositions, e.g. in form of an emulsion, comprising a lavendustin derivative of formula (I): wherein R is methyl, methoxy or ethyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an emollient, and optionally further excipients.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for determining the responsiveness of cancer to an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) treatment. In a preferred embodiment, the presence of at least one variance in the kinase domain of the erbB1 gene confers sensitivity to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib. Thus, a diagnostic assay for these mutations will allow for the administration of gefitinib, erlotinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors to those patients most likely to respond to the drug.

Abstract: The invention is related to phosphorus substituted purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitory compounds, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds, as well as to processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment of cytopathic diseases. Cytopathic diseases may be caused by a variety means such as viral infections like HIV and AIDS, or the development of neoplasms in a mammalian subject. The methods and compositions of the invention are effective for inhibiting de novo HIV infections upregulating viral expression from latent provirus, inhibiting HIV-induced cytopathic effects, down regulating the HIV receptor, increasing Th1 cytokine expression, decreasing Th2 cytokine expression, increasing ERK phosphorylation, inducing apoptosis in malignant cells, inducing remission, maintaining remission, as chemotherapeutic agents, as well as for decreasing symptoms of cytopathic diseases and opportunistic infections that may accompany such diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compositions, methods, and applications of a novel approach to selective inhibition of several cellular or molecular targets with a single small molecule. More specifically, the present invention relates to multi-functional small molecules wherein one functionality is capable of inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDAC) and the other functionality is capable of inhibiting a different cellular or molecular pathway involved in aberrant cell proliferation, differentiation or survival.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for increasing the efficacy of an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor are provided. The drugs are modified stereospecific epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors that upon modification are able to accumulate at higher levels in tumor cells thereby increasing the efficacy of the inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel quinazoline derivatives effective in lowering blood glucose level and body weight, and a medicine for treatment and/or prevention of diabetes and/or obesity, which comprises the compound as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for determining the responsiveness of cancer to an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) treatment. In a preferred embodiment, the presence of at least one variance in the kinase domain of the erbB1 gene confers sensitivity to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib. Thus, a diagnostic assay for these mutations will allow for the administration of gefitinib, erlotinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors to those patients most likely to respond to the drug.

Abstract: Substituted benzamide compounds are provided along with methods for the use of those compounds for treating cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to multiply-substituted tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives of formula (I) process for their production and their use as anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: A method of treating preeclampsia includes administering to a patient a therapeutically effective dose of metolazone. The dose is less than a diuretic dose.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to 3-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid derivatives which are inhibitors of the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme (“DP-IV inhibitors”) and which are useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme is involved, such as diabetes and particularly type 2 diabetes. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme is involved.

Abstract: The present application describes modulators of MCP-1 of formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, useful for the prevention of asthma, multiple sclerosis, artherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: Neurologically-active heterocyclic compounds comprising two fused 6-membered rings with nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, a carboxy group at position 4, and a hydroxy group at position 8, with one ring being aromatic. Processes for the preparation of these compounds and their use as pharmaceutical or veterinary agents, in particular for the treatment of neurological conditions, and more specifically neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to trifluoromethyl substituted benzamide compounds of the formula (I), pharmaceuticals comprising these compounds, their use as or for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, particularly as inhibitors of protein kinases and/or the treatment of a condition, disorder or disease state mediated by a protein kinase activity and/or a proliferative disease, methods of treatment comprising administering the compounds, especially of therapeutic and prophylactic treatment, methods for the manufacture of the compounds and novel intermediates and partial steps for their synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compositions and methods for the prevention and treatment of skin and hair diseases, such as, for example, alopecia, psoriasis, and keloids. The present invention also relates to compositions and methods for altering skin coloration. The present invention also relates to methods for enhancing the effect of a neurotoxin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 4-substituted quinoline derivatives of general formula I: which are active as antimicrobials. The invention also relates to the method and intermediates for their preparation and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: Protein kinase inhibitors are disclosed having utility in the treatment of protein kinase-mediated diseases and conditions, such as cancer. The compounds of this invention have the following structure: including steroisomers, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein A is a ring moiety selected from: and wherein R1, R2, R3, X, Z, L1, Cycl1, L2 and Cycl2 are as defined herein. Also disclosed are compositions containing a compound of this invention, as well as methods relating to the use thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treating inflammatory-related diseases and related disorders in a mammalian subject. The method provides administering to the mammalian subject one or more modulators of cyclin dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) activity in an amount effective to reduce or eliminate the inflammatory-related disease or disorder or prevent its occurrence or recurrence. Methods are also provided for reducing or eliminating ligand-induced adhesion in a mammalian subject. The method provides administering to the subject one or more modulators of cyclin dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) activity in an amount effective to reduce or eliminate ligand-induced adhesion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 3,4-dihydroquinazoline derivatives as T-type calcium channel blockers and a method of preparing the same. The present invention further relates to a composition comprising the same. The composition comprising the 3,4-dihydroquinazoline derivatives of the present invention can be effectively used for preventing and treating angina pectoris, high blood pressure, myocardial disease, pain and epilepsy by blocking the T-type calcium channel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors having an aromatic group and a heteroaromatic group linked by a methylene group; methods of preparation of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors that include metal mediated cross coupling of an aromatic halide or heteroaromatic halide with an organozinc reagent; and methods of treatment and pharmaceutical compositions that utilize or comprise one or more of such dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to 4-substituted quinoline compounds of general formula: which are active as antimicrobials, in which: X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 is C—R?1, to C—R?5 respectively, or alternatively at most one represents N, Y represents CHR, CO, CROH, CRNH2, CRF or CF2, R being a hydrogen or alkyl, m is 1, 2 or 3 and n is 0, 1 or 2, Z is CH2 or Z is O, S, SO, SO2 and, in this case, n is equal to 2, R2 is —CO2R, —CH2CO2R, —CH2—CH2CO2R, —CH2OH or —CH2—CH2OH, wherein R is as defined above, R3 represents phenyl, heteroaryl or alk-Ro3, where alk is alkyl and Ro3 represents various groups, where appropriate containing oxygen, sulfur or amine, in their enantiomeric or diastereoisomeric forms or their mixtures, and/or where appropriate in the syn or anti form or their mixtures, and their salts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bicyclic heterocycles of general formula wherein Ra to Rc, A to E and X are defined as in claim 1, the tautomers, stereoisomers and salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases which have valuable pharmacological properties, in particular an inhibitory effect on signal transduction mediated by tyrosine kinases, their use in the treatment of diseases, especially tumoral diseases and diseases of the lungs and airways, and the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides an excellent novel analgesic which acts on a nociceptin receptor to exhibit a wide range of the analgesic effect for example on a chronic pain as well as an allodynia accompanied with a herpes zoster. The invention relates to a nociceptin receptor agonist comprising as an active ingredient a compound represented by Formula (I) or a salt thereof: wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl; A1 and A2 are the same or different and each represents a single bond or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group; Q represents a single bond, cycloalkylene group, phenylene group or a divalent heterocyclic group; R2A and R2B are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl; R3 represents an optionally substituted phenyl group or heterocyclic group; R4 and R5 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl, alkoxy, aralkyloxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, alkoxycarbonyl, —NR6R7 and the like.

Abstract: Compounds useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases and disorders by modulating the activity of KSP are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a series of peptidyl heterocyclic ketones which are inflammatory cell serine protease inhibitors and their compositions and methods for the prevention and treatment of a variety of immunomediated inflammatory disorders. More particularly, these compounds are potent and selective inhibitors of tryptase and are therefore effective for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases associated with the respiratory tract, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Abstract: The invention is directed to novel quinazoline and quinazoline-like derivatives of Formula (I): useful as integrin antagonists and methods for the treatment of integrin-mediated disorders.

Abstract: The invention concerns quinazoline derivatives of Formula (I) wherein each of Q1, Z, m, R1, R2, R3 and Q2 have any of the meanings defined in the description; processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the manufacture of a medicament for use as an anti-invasive agent in the containment and/or treatment of solid tumour disease

Abstract: A variety of low molecular weight, guanidino-containing molecules capable of acting as MC4-R agonists are provided. The compounds are useful in treating MC4-R mediated diseases. The compounds have the structure IA, IB, or IC where the values of the variable are defined herein.

Abstract: Quinazoline and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE 7) inhibitors of the following formula wherein R1, R2, L, Y1, Y2, Y3 and Z are as described herein, are provided which are useful in treating T-cell mediated diseases.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3K?) activity, and methods of treating diseases, such as disorders of immunity and inflammation, in which PI3K? plays a role in leukocyte function are disclosed. Preferably, the methods employ active agents that selectively inhibit PI3K?, while not significantly inhibiting activity of other PI3K isoforms. Compounds are provided that inhibit PI3K? activity, including compounds that selectively inhibit PI3K? activity. Methods of using PI3K? inhibitory compounds to inhibit cancer cell growth or proliferation are also provided. Accordingly, the invention provides methods of using PI3K? inhibitory compounds to inhibit PI3K?-mediated processes in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: Inhibitors of JAK3 kinase for the treatment of allergy, and others are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that elevate cellular expression of the ABCA-1 gene, promoting cholesterol efflux from cells and increasing HDL levels in the plasma of a mammal, in particular humans. The compounds are useful for treating coronary artery disease.

Abstract: Certain known and novel pyruvate derivatives are particularly active in restoring or preserving metabolic integrity in oxidatively competent cells that have been subjected to oxygen deprivation. These pyruvate-derived compounds include, but are not limited to oximes, amides, pyruvate analogues, modified pyruvate analogues, esters of pyruvate (e.g., polyol-pyruvate esters, pyruvate thioesters, glycerol-pyruvate esters and dihydroxyacetone-pyruvate esters). Such pyruvate derivatives (including single tautomers, single stereoisomers and mixtures of tautomers and/or stereoisomers, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof) are useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions for treating a number of conditions characterized by oxidative stress.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the fields of immunology and medicine, and more specifically to the field of cellular signal transduction. The present invention relates, inter alia, to methods for diagnosis, treatment, and identification of therapeutics for particular inflammation-related diseases or disorders characterized by an interaction between a PYK2 polypeptide and a natural binding partner.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating interstitial cystitis, comprising administering a tyrosine kinase inhibitor to a human in need of such treatment, more particularly a non-toxic, potent and selective c-kit inhibitor, wherein said inhibitor is unable to promote death of IL-3 dependent cells cultured in presence of IL-3.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula (I), in which D, W, X, Y, T and R1 are as defined in Patent Claim 1, are inhibitors of coagulation factor Xa and can be employed for the prophylaxis and/or therapy of thromboembolic diseases and for the treatment of tumours.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3K&dgr;) activity, and methods of treating diseases, such as disorders of immunity and inflammation, in which PI3K&dgr; plays a role in leukocyte function are disclosed. Preferably, the methods employ active agents that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr;, while not significantly inhibiting activity of other PI3K isoforms. Compounds are provided that inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity, including compounds that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity. Methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit cancer cell growth or proliferation are also provided. Accordingly, the invention provides methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit PI3K&dgr;-mediated processes in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: The invention provides novel JAK-3 inhibitors that are useful for treating leukemia and lymphoma. The compounds are also useful to treat or prevent skin cancer, as well as sunburn and UVB-induced skin inflammation. In addition, the compounds of the present invention prevent the immunosuppressive effects of UVB radiation, and are useful to treat or prevent autoimmune diseases, inflammation, and transplant rejection. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of the invention, as well as therapeutic methods for their use.

Abstract: This invention is directed to vanilloid receptor VR1 ligands. More particularly, this invention relates to naphthol, quinoline and isoquinoline-derived ureas that are potent antagonists or agonists of VR1 which are useful for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory and other pain conditions in mammals.

Abstract: Disclosed are the preparation and pharmaceutical use of novel noncyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds of formula I, wherein ring A, ring B, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, X, Y, Z, Q, Ar and n are as defined in the specification. These compounds, as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) dual agonists for both RXR/PPARgamma and RXR/PPARalpha heterodimers, are useful in the treatment and/or prevention of type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic syndrome such as hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and other cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: Acyl guanidine compounds of the following Formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates the use of &agr;1A and/or &agr;1L adrenergic receptor antagonists for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction (FSD), in particular female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) and/or female orgasmic disorder (FOD). The present invention also relates to a method of treatment of FSD, in particular FSAD and/or FOD, as well as to assays to screen for compounds useful in the treatment of FSD, in particular FSAD and/or FOD.

Abstract: Squaric acid derivatives of formula (1) are described: wherein Het is an optionally substituted bicyclic fused ring heteroaromatic group; L2 is a covalent bond or an atom or group —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —C(S)—, —S(O)—, —S(O)2, —N(R8)— or —C(R8)(R8a)—; Ar2 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group; Alk is a chain  in which R is a carboxylic acid (—CO2H) or a derivative or biostere thereof; R1 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6alkyl group; L1 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group; Alk1 is an optionally substituted aliphatic chain; n is zero or the integer 1; R2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted heteroaliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, polycycloalphatic, heteropolycycloaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic group other than a 2,6-naphthyridin-1-yl, isoquinolin-1-yl, 2,7-naphthyridin-1-yl or quinazolin-4-yl group; and the salt

Abstract: Amides of the general formula I 1

Abstract: The present application describes lactam-containing diaminoalkyl, &bgr;-aminoacids, &agr;-aminoacids and derivatives thereof of Formula I:

Abstract: The present invention relates to a class of compounds represented by the Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of the Formula I, and methods of selectively inhibiting or antagonizing the &agr;v&bgr;3 and/or &agr;v&bgr;5 integrin. The ring A-B, is selected from the group consisting of the formula II all optionally substituted and bonded to X and Z1 at any position.

Abstract: Liposomal encapsulated benzoquinazoline thymidylate synthase inhibitor formulations are provided. The liposomes have improved pharmacokinetics and enhanced efficacy as anti-tumor agents compared to the free drug. The formulations include liposomes comprising at least one phosphatidylcholine, a cholesterol, and a benzoquinazoline thymidylate synthase inhibitor.

Abstract: Compounds are provided which are antagonists of chemokine receptor activity.