Abstract: The invention provides an excellent novel analgesic which acts on a nociceptin receptor to exhibit a wide range of the analgesic effect for example on a chronic pain as well as an allodynia accompanied with a herpes zoster.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I′), wherein A, R1 to R3 and t are as defined in the disclosure, exhibit COMT enzyme inhibiting activity so that they are useful as COMT inhibitors.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds that are efflux pump inhibitors and therefore are useful as potentiators of anti-fungal agents for the treatment of infections caused by fungi that employ an efflux pump resistance mechanism.

Abstract: A novel method for erbB-2 kinase inhibition by compounds identifies through computational modeling and data processing and/or rational and de novo drug design is provided the compounds bind erbB-2 kinase molecules and which can be used as erbB-2 kinase agonists or antagonists. These compounds are useful especially in the treatment of cancer, particularly breast cancer, and can be used alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, particularly with hercetin, a humanized anti-HER-2 antibody, or with radiation therapy. A specific compound which is exemplified is “compound B17”=methyl-(posa-notrophenyl)-2-propynoate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compounds of formula (I) a stereochemically isomeric form thereof, an N-oxide form thereof or a pharma-ceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, wherein —a1═a2—a3═a4— is a bivalent radical wherein one or two of a1 to a4 are nitrogen and the remaining a1 to a4 are —CH═; —Z1—Z2— is a bivalent radical; —A— is a bivalent radical of formula —N(R6)—Alk2— or a 5, 6 or 7-membered saturated heterocycle containing one or two nitrogen atoms; R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, halo and the like; Alk1 and Alk2 are optionally substituted C1-6alkanediyl; R5 is a radical of formula (d-1), (d-2), (d-3), (d-4), (d-5) wherein n is 1 or 2; p1 is 0, and p2 is 1 or 2; or p1 is 1 or 2, and p2 is 0; X is oxygen, sulfur or ═NR9; Y2 is oxygen or sulfur; R7 is hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenylmethyl; R8 is C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl phenyl or

Abstract: A chymase inhibitor for the prevention or treatment of diseases involving an increase of eosinophils, as the effective ingredient, is disclosed, suppress the progress of the disease and to prevent progression of complications, wherein the chymase inhibitor is a quinazoline derivative having the formula (I): wherein X, R1, R2 and R3 are herein defined, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3K&dgr;) activity, and methods of treating diseases, such as disorders of immunity and inflammation, in which PI3K&dgr; plays a role in leukocyte function are disclosed. Preferably, the methods employ active agents that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr;, while not significantly inhibiting activity of other PI3K isoforms. Compounds are provided that inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity, including compounds that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity. Methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit cancer cell growth or proliferation are also provided. Accordingly, the invention provides methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit PI3K&dgr;-mediated processes in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lipid-rich plaque regressing agent comprising a compound represented by Formula: 1

Abstract: A cyclic compound of the formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I: wherein R1, R2, and R3 have the meanings indicated in the specification, which are valuable pharmaceutical active compounds for the therapy and prophylaxis of diseases such as cardiovascular disorders such as high blood pressure, angina pectoris, cardiac insufficiency, thromboses, or atherosclerosis. Compounds of formula I have the ability to modulate the endogenous production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and are generally suitable for the therapy and prophylaxis of disease states which are associated with a disturbed cGMP balance. The invention furthermore relates to processes for the preparation of compounds formula I, methods of therapy and prophylaxis of the designated disease states and for the production of pharmaceuticals therefor, and pharmaceutical compositions which comprise at least one compound of formula I.

Abstract: Aminotetralin derivatives and pharmacological analogs thereof which contain an N-propynyl group exhibit differential dopaminergenic receptor activity. The subject compounds are useful in affecting dopamine receptor activity, particularly in exhibiting differing activity among the various dopamine receptor subtypes. The compounds are useful in treating CNS disorders in mammals in general, and humans in particular.

Abstract: Cross-linkable, phosphonate containing supramoleuclar aggregates are disclosed, which may be used to advantage, for example, as drug delivery vehicles for the treatment of bone-related disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula having an inhibitory effect on signal transduction mediated by tyrosine kinases and their use in the treatment of diseases, especially tumoral diseases and diseases of the lungs and airways, and the preparation thereof.

Abstract: This invention describes novel pyrazole compounds of formula I′: wherein Q′ is —O—, —C(R6′)2—, 1,2-cyclopropanediyl, 1,2-cyclobutanediyl, or 1,3-cyclopropanediyl, and R1 is T-Ring D, wherein Ring D is a 5-7 membered monocyclic ring or 8-10 membered bicyclic ring selected from aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl; Rx and Ry are independently selected from T—R3 or L—Z—R3, or Rx and Ry are taken together with their intervening atoms to form a fused, unsaturated or partially unsaturated, 5-7 membered ring having 0-3 heteroatoms; and R2 and R2′ are as described in the specification. The compounds are useful as protein kinase inhibitors, especially as inhibitors of Aurora-2 and GSK-3, for treating diseases such as cancer, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) wherein: Ra is a benzyl or 1-phenylethyl group or a phenyl group substituted by the groups R1 and R2, wherein: R1 is a hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, or bromine atom, or a methyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, or ethynyl group, and R2 is a hydrogen or fluorine atom; Rb is an R3O—CO—CH2—N—CH2—CH2—OH group optionally substituted at the methylene groups by 1 or 2 methyl or ethyl groups, wherein R3 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4-alkyl group, a 2-oxomorpholin-4-yl group optionally substituted by 1 or 2 methyl or ethyl groups, or a N-[(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)methyl]methylamino group; Rc is a hydrogen atom, or a methoxy, ethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, 2-ethoxyethoxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cyclopropylmethoxy, cyclobutylmethoxy, cyclopentylmethoxy, cyclohexylmethoxy, tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy, tetrahydropyran-3-yloxy, tetrahydropyran-4-yloxy, tetrahydrofuranylmethoxy, or tetrahydropyranylmethoxy group; and n is 1, 2, or 3

Abstract: Substituted 1-aminobutane-3-ol compounds, methods for producing them, pharmaceutical compounds containing them, and the use of substituted 1-aminobutane-3-ol compounds for producing pharmaceutical compounds.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preventing tissue injury caused by tissue hypoxia and reoxygenation, comprising administering a compound that inhibits signal transduction by inhibiting cellular accumulation of linoleoyl phosphatidic acid (PA) through an inhibition of the enzyme LPAAT (lysophosphatidic acyltransferase).

Abstract: Ethylene derivatives of formula (I): 1

Abstract: The invention presents methods for preventing and treating sensorineural hearing loss and is directed to the restoration or protection of hair cells in individuals experiencing a non-presbycusis type sensorineural hearing loss or who are at risk for an acute hearing loss due to exposure to noise, toxins, or other stressors. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of agents which augment inner ear antioxidant defenses (e.g. acetyl-L-carnitine, steroids, compounds that are transported into inner ear hair cells and then synthesized by said cells into glutahione) to prevent and/or reverse hearing loss induced by noise, toxins, or other stressors.

Abstract: The present invention concerns antiviral compounds, their methods of preparation and their compositions, and use in the treatment of viral infections. More particularly, the invention provides heterocyclic substituted 2-methylbenzimidazole derivatives for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds of general formula (I) wherein: 1

Abstract: The present invention describes a therapeutic method useful for treating or preventing a condition of platelet aggregation in a subject including administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound or composition that inhibits JAK-3 and/or tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT-3 and inhibits thrombin induced platelet aggregation. The condition of platelet aggregation includes hematopoietic and cerbrovascular diseases.

Abstract: The present application describes lactam-containing compounds and derivatives thereof of Formula I: 1

Abstract: Bicyclic heterocycles of general formula wherein: Ra to Rd, A to C and X are as defined herein, the tautomers, the stereoisomers and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, which have valuable pharmacological properties, particularly an inhibitory effect on signal transduction mediated by tyrosine kinases, the use thereof for treating diseases, particularly tumoral diseases, diseases of the lungs and respiratory tract, and the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Squaric acid Derivatives of formula (1) are described: 1

Abstract: The invention provides novel JAK-3 inhibitors that are useful for treating leukemia and lymphoma. The compounds are also useful to treat or prevent skin cancer, as well as sunburn and UVB-induced skin inflammation. In addition, the compounds of the present invention prevent the immunosuppressive effects of UVB radiation, and are useful to treat or prevent autoimmune diseases, inflammation, and transplant rejection. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of the invention, as well as therapeutic methods for their use.

Abstract: Described is a heterocycle-containing carboxylic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: A pharmaceutical formulation is provided for treating erectile dysfunction in a mammalian male individual. The pharmaceutical formulation includes a phosphodiesterase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide or derivative thereof, that is administered transmucosally within the context of an effective dosing regimen. Preferred modes of administration include transbuccal, sublingual and transrectal routes. A kit for the administration of the pharmaceutical formulation is also provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns amide derivatives of Formula (I), wherein: G is N or CH; R1 is a group such as hydroxy, halo, trifluoromethyl, C1-6alkyl and C1-6alkoxy; each of R2 and R3 is hydrogen, halo, C1-6alkyl, C2-6alkenyl or C2-6alkynyl; R4 is a group such as hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkoxy and C3-7cycloalkyl, or R4 is of the Formula (IC): —K—J, wherein J is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl and K is a bond or a group such as oxy and imino, R5 is a group such as hydrogen, halo and trifluoromethyl: m is 1-3 and q is 0-4; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or in vivo cleavable esters thereof; processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of diseases or medical conditions mediated by cytokines.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclic heteroaromatic compounds, containing at least one nitrogen atom, and to their use in the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of diseases, related to adenosine receptor modulators, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, neuroprotection, schizophrenia, anxiety, pain, respiration deficits, depression, asthma, allergic responses, hypoxia, ischaemia, seizure, substance abuse, sedation and they may be active as muscle relaxants, antipsychotics, anti epileptics, anticonvulsants and cardiaprotective agents.

Abstract: The present invention features a method for treatment of an organism having a disease or condition characterized by an abnormality in a signal transduction pathway, wherein the signal transduction pathway includes a PYK2 protein. The invention also features methods for diagnosing such diseases and for screening for agents that will be useful in treating such diseases. The invention also features purified and/or isolated nucleic acid encoding a PYK2 protein.

Abstract: A method of treating, preventing, or inhibiting pain, inflammation or inflammation-associated disorder in a subject in need of such treatment or prevention provides for treating the subject with glucosamine and a cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor or prodrug thereof, wherein the amount of glucosamine and the amount of a cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor or prodrug thereof together constitute a pain or inflammation suppressing treatment or prevention effective amount of the composition. Compositions and pharmaceutical compositions that contain glucosamine and a cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to new compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and diagnostic kits comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds for inhibiting NAALADase enzyme activity, detecting diseases where NAALADase levels are altered, effecting neuronal activity, effecting TGF-&bgr; activity, inhibiting angiogenesis, and treating glutamate abnormalities, diabetic neuropathy, pain, compulsive disorders, prostate diseases, cancers and glaucoma.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and kits for treating depression, perimenopausal depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, panic attacks, binge eating, social phobia, or preventing deterioration of cognitive function by administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effect amount of an estrogen agonist/antagonist of formula I 1

Abstract: This invention relates to new compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and diagnostic kits comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds for inhibiting NAALADase enzyme activity, detecting diseases where NAALADase levels are altered, effecting neuronal activity, effecting TGF-&bgr; activity, inhibiting angiogenesis, and treating glutamate abnormalities, neuropathy, pain, compulsive disorders, prostate diseases, cancers and glaucoma.

Abstract: Compounds are provided that bind allosterically to the catalytic domain of MMP-13 and comprise a hydrophobic group, first and second hydrogen bond acceptors and at least one, and preferably both, of a third hydrogen bond acceptor and a second hydrophobic group. Cartesian coordinates for centroids of the above features are defined in the specification. When the ligand binds to MMP-13, the first, second and third (when present) hydrogen bond acceptors bond respectively with Thr245, Thr 247 and Met 253, the first hydrophobic group locates within the S1′ channel of MMP-13 and the second hydrophobic group (when present) is relatively open to solvent. The compounds specifically inhibit the matrix metalloproteinase-13 enzyme and thus are useful for treating diseases resulting from tissue breakdown, such as heart disease, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods to inhibit TGF-&bgr;and/or p38-&agr; kinase using compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: This invention is directed to the use phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in the treatment of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) induced sexual dysfunction. Specifically, this invention is directed to a method for treating an animal to cure; prevent or ameliorate SSRI induced sexual dysfunction which comprises administering to the animal an effective amount of the inhibitor. The animal may be a male or a female human. The invention also includes the use of such inhibitors in the manufacture of a medicament to prevent; cure or ameliorate SSRI induced sexual dysfunction. Moreover, the invention includes a kit comprising a SSRI, such as sertraline, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and a PDE5 inhibitor, such as sildenafil citrate, for the treatment or prevention of serotonergic associated disorders such as depression, obsessive compulsive disorder or panic disorder, while reducing or preventing sexual dysfunction.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3K&dgr;) activity, and methods of treating diseases, such as disorders of immunity and inflammation, in which PI3K&dgr; plays a role in leukocyte function are disclosed. Preferably, the methods employ active agents that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr;, while not significantly inhibiting activity of other PI3K isoforms. Compounds are provided that inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity, including compounds that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity. Methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit cancer cell growth or proliferation are also provided. Accordingly, the invention provides methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit PI3K&dgr;-mediated processes in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: This invention is directed to novel aryl sulfonamide and sulfamide compounds which bind selectively to and inhibit the activity of the human Y5 receptor. This invention is also related to uses of these compounds for the treatment of feeding disorders such as obesity, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and abnormal conditions such as sexual/reproductive disorders, depression, epileptic seizure, hypertension, cerebral hemorrhage, congestive heart failure or sleep disturbances and for the treatment of any disease in which antagonism of a Y5 receptor may be useful.

Abstract: The present invention describes a therapeutic method useful for treating or preventing a condition of platelet aggregation in a subject including administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound or composition that inhibits JAK-3 and/or tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT-3 and inhibits thrombin induced platelet aggregation. The condition of platelet aggregation includes hematopoietic and cerbrovascular diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions containing those compounds, that are active at metabotropic glutamate receptors. The compounds are useful for treating neurological diseases and disorders. Methods of preparing the compounds also are disclosed.

Abstract: A medicament for the prevention or treatment containing a chymase inhibitor, as an effective component, which is a side effect-free, safe medicament for prevention or treatment of fibrosis of the skin or various viscera which suppresses the progression of the condition, prevents the progression of complications, and improves the quality of life of the patient, wherein a quinazoline derivative having the formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is included therein.

Abstract: Inhibitors of JAK3 kinase for the treatment of allergy, and others are described.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods to inhibit TGF-&bgr; and/or p38-&agr; kinase using compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds and a method of treating a disease associated with aberrant leukocyte recruitment and/or activation.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula 1 and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, wherein A, X, R1, R3 and R4 are as defined herein. The invention also relates to methods of treating abnormal cell growth in mammals by administering the compounds of formula 1 and to pharmaceutical compositions for treating such disorders which contain the compounds of formula 1. The invention also relates to methods of preparing the compounds of formula 1.

Abstract: A method for increasing the systemic exposure of cells selected from tumor cells and normal cells to an orally administered pharmaceutically active compound, wherein a bioenhancer comprising an inhibitor of BCRP is orally administered concomitantly with said orally administered pharmaceutically active compound, and in which method the inhibitor is administered simultaneously with the pharmaceutical compound.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein Ar represents substituted or unsubstituted aryl, wherein the optional substituents are selected from alkyl, hydroxy or alkoxy or, if attached to adjacent carbon atoms any two substituents together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached may form a fused heterocyclic ring of five to six atoms wherein one, two or three of the said atoms are oxygen or nitrogen; A represents a C1-4 n-alkylene group wherein each carbon is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 C1-6 alkyl groups; R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or cycloalkyl; one or two of of the group of R2, R3 and R4 represents nitro the remaining members of the group of R2, R3 and R4 represent hydrogen; X represents a —CO—NH— moiety; and Z represents C2-4 n-alkylene group wherein each carbon is optionally substituted 1 or 2 C1-6 alkyl groups; a process for preparing such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and the use of such compo

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (i) 1