Abstract: The application describes treatment of hepatic encephalopathy using gastrointestinal specific antibiotics. One example of a gastrointestinal specific antibiotic is rifaximin. The instant application also provides methods for determining if a subject has a neurological condition or hepatic encephalopathy by determining the critical flicker frequency and/or the venous ammonia level of the subject at two or more time points. The invention further provides methods for treating these subjects.

Abstract: 8-Substituted-2,6-methano-3-benzazocines of general structure I in which A is —CH2—OH, —CH2NH2, —NHSO2CH3, and Y is O, S or NOH are useful as analgesics, anti-diarrheal agents, anticonvulsants, antitussives and anti-addiction medications. 8-Carboxamides, thiocarboxamides, hydroxyamidines and formamides are preferred.

Abstract: A process for treating a patient with leukemia or an aplastic anemia having cells with inclusions that stain with anti-E. canis antibodies or antibodies to other Ehrlichia or Anaplasma is disclosed. That process comprises administering to the patient (i) an antibacterial amount of a rifamycin, (ii) an antibacterial amount of a quinolone, or a mixture of (i) and (ii).

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for treating uremic pruritus with anti-pruritic compositions.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I are disclosed As well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Methods of using said compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel MCH-1 receptor antagonists are disclosed. These compounds are used in the treatment of various disorders, including obesity, anxiety, depression, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and psychiatric disorders. Methods of making these compounds are also described in the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Rifaximin amorphous forms, to their use in medicinal preparations and to therapeutic methods using them.

Abstract: 8-Substituted-2,6-methano-3-benzazocines of general structure are useful as analgesics, anti-diarrheal agents, anticonvulsants, antitussives and anti-addiction medications.

Abstract: The application describes treatment of hepatic encephalopathy using gastrointestinal specific antibiotics. One example of a gastrointestinal specific antibiotic is rifaximin. The instant application also provides methods for determining if a subject has a neurological condition or hepatic encephalopathy by determining the critical flicker frequency and/or the venous ammonia level of the subject at two or more time points. The invention further provides methods for treating these subjects.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) comprising buprenorphine and a method of manufacturing such a TTS. The transdermal therapeutic system is used for the transdermal administration of buprenorphine and analogues thereof. In particular, the invention relates to the use of a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for analgesic purposes. The TTS according to the invention comprises a transdermal drug delivery composition comprising buprenorphine and an adhesive component, which is a mixture of a crosslinked and a non-crosslinked acrylic polymer and a penetration enhancer comprising a keto acid.

Abstract: A PEGylated cyclopamine analog, preparation method, uses thereof and methods for treating proliferative diseases using the same are disclosed. The PEGylated cyclopamine analog is a compound represented by the following formula I, a compound comprising at least one group represented by the following formula I (in formula I, R is straight or branched polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight between 200 and 200,000 Dalton, L and X are linking groups), or their single enantiomers, mixture of enantiomers, mixture of diastereomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or hydrates.

Abstract: A composition comprising rifaximin in the form of particles, wherein substantially all the particles have a particle size less than or equal to 2 micrometres.

Abstract: A topical foam pharmaceutical composition for rectal administration comprising rifaximin is described. Also described is a method of making the composition and the use of the composition as a medicament.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to Rifaximin polymorphic, salt, and hydrate forms, methods of producing polymorphic forms and to their use in medicinal preparations and to therapeutic methods using them.

Abstract: Crystalline polymorphous forms of the rifaximin (INN) antibiotic named rifaximin ? and rifaximin ? useful in the production of medicinal preparations containing rifaximin for oral and topical use and obtained by means of a crystallization process carried out by hot-dissolving the raw rifaximin in ethyl alcohol and by causing the crystallization of the product by addition of water at a determinate temperature and for a determinate period of time, followed by a drying carried out under controlled conditions until reaching a settled water content in the end product, are the object of the invention.

Abstract: Peptidyl sensors comprise a metal-binding peptide and one or two kinase recognition sequences with a hydroxyamino acid that can be phosphorylated in the presence of a kinase.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain embodiments is a method of treating or preventing an opioid-induced adverse pharmacodynamic response comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of buprenorphine.

Abstract: Methods of treating, preventing or managing cancer, including certain leukemias are disclosed. The methods encompass the administration of enantiomerically pure (+)-1,4-dihydro-7-[(3S,4S)-3-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-1-pyrrolidinyl]-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid. Also provided are methods of treatment using this compound with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, biological therapy or immunotherapy. Pharmaceutical compositions and single unit dosage forms suitable for use in the methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods of using free radical scavengers with reduced 1O2 generation. In certain embodiments, these compositions and methods of use relate to fullerene-derived ketolactams and fullerene-derived keto lactam derivatives, fullerene derivatives, and/or fullerenes. In yet other embodiments, the invention relates to cosmetic or dermatological compositions comprising said free radical scavengers with reduced 1O2 generation.

Abstract: Methods for treating an inflammatory disorder and for inhibiting the production of IL-23 using 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds represented by formula (I):

Abstract: Disclosed are rifamycin derivatives having antibacterial activities, wherein the compounds have the following general formula: wherein: R is hydrogen or acetyl; R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-4) alkyl, benzyloxy, mono- and di-(C1-3) alkylamino-(C1-4)alkyl, (C1-3)alkoxy, (C1-4) alkyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-(C2-4)-alkyl, and nitro or R1 and R2 taken together with two consecutive carbon atoms of the pyridine nucleus form a benzene ring optionally substituted by one or two methyl or ethyl groups and R3 is hydroxyalkyl (C1-4). In addition, processes to obtain these compounds are described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of reducing or preventing the development of aversion to a CNS stimulant in a subject comprising, administering a therapeutic amount of the neurological stimulant and administering an antagonist of the kappa opioid receptor, to thereby reduce or prevent the development of aversion to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Also disclosed is a method of reducing or preventing the development of addiction to a CNS stimulant in a subject, comprising, administering the CNS stimulant and administering a mu opioid receptor antagonist to thereby reduce or prevent the development of addiction to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a central nervous system stimulant and an opioid receptor antagonist. Examples of central nervous system stimulants (such as methylphenidate) and opioid receptor antagonists (such as naltrexone) are provided.

Abstract: A method for the prevention of diseases caused by thrombus or embolus. The method is to separately administer 2-acetoxy-5-(?-cyclopropylcarbonyl-2-fluorobenzyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and aspirin, in their pharmacologically effective amounts, to a warm-blooded animal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Rifaximin polymorphic forms, to their use in medicinal preparations and to therapeutic methods using them.

Abstract: A control release and abuse-resistant opiate drug delivery oral wafer or edible oral film dosage to treat pain and substance abuse is provided. The drug delivery oral wafer or edible oral film dosage includes a controlled release layer containing enteric-release beads dispersed in a polymer matrix. The enteric-release beads are formed from a therapeutic amount of an opioid agonist and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a sub-therapuetic amount of opioid antagonist and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof coated or encapsulated in an enteric-release polymer. The controlled release polymer matrix dissolves or disintegrates following administration or consumption of the oral wafer or edible oral film, releasing the enteric-release beads to be swallowed, with subsequent absorption of the active ingredients within the patient's intestines.

Abstract: Methods for treating a condition associated with proteoglycan production in a mammal are provided. The methods comprise the administration of at least one of a calmodulin antagonist, a transient receptor potential (TRP) channel inhibitor and a calmodulin-binding peptide to the mammal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are formulations of fluoroquinolones suitable for aerosolization and use of such formulations for aerosol administration of fluoroquinolone antimicrobials for the treatment of pulmonary bacterial infections. In particular, inhaled levofloxacin specifically formulated and delivered for bacterial infections of the lungs is described. Methods include inhalation protocols and manufacturing procedures for production and use of the compositions described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of one or more compounds selected from the following classes of biologically active agents: an a-adrenergic antagonist, an anthelmintic agent, an antifungal agent, an antimalarial agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antipsychotic agent, an antioxidant, a vasodilator and/or a vitamin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, for use in the treatment of a microbial infection and in particular for killing multiplying, non-multiplying and/or clinically latent microorganisms associated with such an infection.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and uses of an ascomycin macrolactam for the treatment of an unwanted ocular condition occurring in a patient undergoing treatment with a therapeutically active agent for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to Buprenorphine Analog compounds of the Formula I, Formula II or Formula III shown below, wherein R1, R2, R8, R3, R3a, R3b, X, Z and Y are as defined herein. Compounds of the Invention are useful for treating pain and other conditions modulated by activity of opioid and ORL1 receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of diagnosing, treating and prognosing mental disorders, such as Alzheimer's Disease. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of treating Alzheimer's Disease by inhibiting dysfunctional signaling of ?7 nAChRs in the medial septum region of an individual.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are formulations of fluoroquinolones suitable for aerosolization and use of such formulations for aerosol administration of fluoroquinolone antimicrobials for the treatment of pulmonary bacterial infections. In particular, inhaled levofloxacin specifically formulated and delivered for bacterial infections of the lungs is described. Methods include inhalation protocols and manufacturing procedures for production and use of the compositions described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are formulations of fluoroquinolones suitable for aerosolization and use of such formulations for aerosol administration of fluoroquinolone antimicrobials for the treatment of pulmonary bacterial infections. In particular, inhaled levofloxacin specifically formulated and delivered for bacterial infections of the lungs is described. Methods include inhalation protocols and manufacturing procedures for production and use of the compositions described.

Abstract: A (+)-3-hydroxymorphinan-based polycycle derivative of formula (I) is effective as a neuroprotective agent for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and ischemic stroke.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of reducing body weight in a subject in need thereof, by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I: In Formula I, R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, or C1-6 alkyl-aryl. Each of R2 and R4 of Formula I are independently H, halogen, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C1-6 haloalkoxy, —OR2a, —SR2a, —C(O)R2a, —C(O)OR2a, —C(O)NR2aR2b, —NR2aR2b, C1-6 alkyl-NR2aR2b, —N(R2a)C(O)R2b, —N(R2a)C(O)OR2b, —N(R2a)C(O)NR2aR2b, —OP(O)(OR2a)2, —S(O)2OR2a, —S(O)2NR2aR2b, —CN, —NO2, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl. Each of R2a and R2b of Formula I are independently H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-10 heteroalkyl or C1-6 alkyl-aryl. R3 of Formula I is absent, C1-6 alkyl or N-oxide. The compounds include the salts, hydrates and isomers thereof. The present invention also provides methods for the treatment of obesity and disorders related to obesity and higher than recommended percentage body fat, such as type II diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new rifaximin forms kappa, theta, rifaximin:piperazine cocrystal 1 and rifaximin:piperazine cocrystal 2, methods of making same and to their use in medicinal preparations and therapeutic methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods and kits for treating and preventing bacterial infection.

Abstract: Enediyne compounds having a structure according to formula (I), where R0, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are defined herein, can be used in chemotherapeutic drugs, especially in conjugates, for the treatment of diseases such as cancer.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to Rifaximin polymorphic, salt, and hydrate forms, methods of producing polymorphic forms and to their use in medicinal preparations and to therapeutic methods using them.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a buprenorphine sustained release delivery system capable of delivering buprenorphine, a metabolite, or a prodrug thereof for a duration of about 14 days to about 3 months. The buprenorphine sustained release delivery system includes a flowable composition and a solid implant for the sustained release of buprenorphine, a metabolite, or a prodrug thereof. The implant is produced from the flowable composition. The buprenorphine sustained release delivery system provides in situ 1-month and 3-month release profiles characterized by an exceptionally high bioavailability and minimal risk of permanent tissue damage and typically no risk of muscle necrosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods and kits for treating IBS; treating IBS in females; treating IBS in older subjects; and treating IBS in non-white subjects.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a buprenorphine sustained release delivery system for treatment of conditions ameliorated by buprenorphine compounds. The sustained release delivery system includes a flowable composition containing a suspension of buprenorphine, a metabolite, or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: A topical foam pharmaceutical composition for rectal administration comprising rifaximin in the form of nanosized particles is described. Also described is a method of making the composition and the use of the composition to as a medicament.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for targeted ablation of mutational escape in the face of cancer therapeutic agents. Compositions comprising the yeast-based vehicles are used in combination with other cancer therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Agonists and antagonists of nAChR?7 and their use as therapeutic agents for treating and managing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are disclosed. Agonists and antagonists of nAChR?7 and their use as therapeutic agents for treating and managing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of acute disorders is described. The composition comprises an essentially water-free, ordered mixture of at least one pharmaceutically active agent in the form of microparticles which are adhered to the surfaces of carrier particles which are substantially larger than the particles of the active agent or agents, and are essentially water-soluble, in combination with the bioadhesion and/or mucoadhesion promoting agent. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the composition and to the use of the composition for the treatment of acute disorders.

Abstract: An analgesic composition, in parenteral unit dosage form or in a unit dosage form suitable for delivery via the dermis or mucosa, comprises buprenorphine and an amount nalmefene such that the ratio by weight of buprenorphine to nalmefene delivered to or reaching the plasma of a patient is in the range 22.6:1 to 40:1. The analgesic action of the buprenorphine is potentiated by the low dose of nalmefene. Also provided are a method of treatment of pain and the use of nalmefene and buprenorphine for the manufacture of a medicament.

Abstract: An oral product includes a body that is wholly receivable in an oral cavity. The body includes a mouth-stable polymer matrix, cellulosic fibers embedded in the mouth-stable polymer matrix, and an additive dispersed in the mouth-stable polymer matrix. The oral product is adapted to release the additive from the body when the body is received within the oral cavity and exposed to saliva.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising buprenorphine and a ? opioid receptor antagonist, wherein the composition is characterized by an Agonist Antagonist Activity Index (AAnAI) of between about 0.7 and about 2.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery that the administration of at least one immunoconjugate and at least one chemotherapeutic agent provides an unexpectedly superior treatment for cancer. The present invention is directed to compositions comprising at least one immunoconjugate and at least one chemotherapeutic agent and to methods of treating cancer using at least one immunoconjugate and at least one chemotherapeutic agent. The present invention also provides methods of modulating the growth of selected cell populations, such as cancer cells, by administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one chemotherapeutic agent and at least one immunoconjugate.