Abstract: Provided herein are kits and methods for detecting, monitoring, and classifying a nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) infection in a male subject based on a genitourinary microbiome of a subject, as well as related methods of treating. Also provided are kits and methods for classifying a risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a subject based on a genitourinary microbiome of a subject, as well as related methods of preventing infection.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions showing the ability to inhibit or suppress replication of a filovirus in an individual are disclosed. The disclosed compositions are useful for treating, preventing, or reducing the spread of infections by filovirus. A method includes administering at least one agent of the present disclosure to an individual infected with or exposed to a filovirus, wherein the step of administering is carried out for a suitable time period so that the individual is treated; and determining whether the individual has been treated, wherein the step of determining includes one of measuring an inhibition in viral replication, measuring a decrease in viral load, or reducing at least one symptom associated with the filovirus.

Abstract: Oligonucleotides for use in amplifying at least one gene present in M. riyadhense are disclosed. The oligoncleotides include forward primers, SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 5, and 7 and the reverse primers comprises, consists essentially of or consists of SEQ ID NO:2, 4, 6, and 8, fragment(s), derivative(s), mutation(s), or complementary sequence(s) thereof. Also provided are methods for detecting the presence of M. riyadhense in a sample. The method includes contacting a biological sample with a pair of forward/reverse primers, under conditions suitable for amplification of at least one gene product from M. riyadhense if present in a sample and detecting the presence of the amplification product. The oligonucleotides and method disclosed herein can be used to determine the presence of M. riyadhense in a biological or non-biological sample. The sample can be obtained from a subject such as a human subject.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmaceutically acceptable compositions containing macrolide antibiotics, in particular azithromycin. In particular, compositions containing azithromycin with low toxicity, especially for administration to felines, are provided herein.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of preparing new 14-membered ketolides via coupling of an eastern and western half moiety, followed by macrocyclization, and optional functionalization. Intermediates in the synthesis of these ketolides including the eastern and western halves are also provided. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions using these ketolides are also provided.

Abstract: It has been discovered that lung tumor growth is associated with a dysregulation of the local microbiota, including an increased total bacterial load and reduced bacterial diversity in the airway. In the lungs, commensal bacteria, which are otherwise non-pathogenic and colonize pulmonary tissue at a much lower density in healthy individuals, provoke chronic inflammation and exacerbation of lung cancer through tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Thus, targeting the lung microbiota and its responding immune pathways is useful in treating lung cancer. Disclosed are compositions and methods targeting the lung microbiota and its responding immune pathways in a subject by specific targeting of commensal bacteria in the subject. Typically, the methods involve administering an effective amount of one or more therapeutics such as an antibiotic that reduces the local bacterial load, blocks or depletes tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and/or locally inhibits one or more cytokines or chemokines.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the preparation of antiparasitic isoxazoline compounds enriched in an enantiomer using quinine-based chiral phase transfer catalyst. The invention also relates to novel quinine-based phase transfer catalysts and to a toluene solvent form of the isoxazoline compound of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds that are derivatives of Azithromycin and that have been found by the current inventors to have low antimicrobial activity but significant epithelial barrier enhancement properties. The invention further provides use of the compounds as a medicament, in particular in the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease or condition that is caused by a defect in epithelial cells or tissue, or a disease or condition that benefits from enhancement or restoration of epithelial barrier function, for example diseases of the respiratory tract.

Abstract: Antibiotics having intrinsic anti-mitochondrial properties may be chemically modified to target the antibiotics to mitochondria, and the resulting “antimitoscins” may have enhanced anti-cancer properties, among other advantageous properties. Also described are methods for identifying antimitoscins, methods of using antimitoscins to target cancer stem cells, and pharmaceutical compositions for treating cancer containing one or more antimitoscins as the active ingredient. Specific antimitoscins compounds and groups of antimitoscins are also disclosed.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions showing the ability to inhibit or suppress replication of a filovirus in an individual are disclosed. The disclosed compositions are useful for treating, reventing, or reducing the spread of infections by filovirus. A method includes administering at least one agent of the present disclosure to an individual infected with or exposed to a filovirus, wherein the step of administering is carried out for a suitable time period so that the individual is treated; and determining whether the individual has been treated, wherein the step of determining includes one of measuring an inhibition in viral replication, measuring a decrease in viral load, or reducing at least one symptom associated with the filovirus.

Abstract: A method of preparing a compound of formula (I): is disclosed. The compound of formula (I) can be used as an antioxidant agent. The compound can also be used as an antibacterial agent to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus 18-596 and Staphylococcus aureus 18-596.

Abstract: Provided are a therapeutic agent and a therapeutic method for canine atopic dermatitis. The therapeutic method for atopic dermatitis in animals and the therapeutic drug for atopic dermatitis in animals are characterized in that 2.5-10.0 mg/kg of roxithromycin and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and 12.5-50.0 mg/kg of pentoxifylline and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are to be simultaneously administered along with meals at 12-hour intervals for 60 days. The present invention provides an advantageous effect of preventing recurrence of symptoms for at least 30 days even after cessation of drug administration.

Abstract: A skin care product is provided. The skin care product includes a multi-component skin care composition disposed in a multi-chamber container. The multi-component skin care composition includes an aqueous carrier component and a nicotinamide riboside component disposed in separate chambers, which prevents these components from contacting one another prior to use. The aqueous carrier component and the nicotinamide riboside component can be separated from one another by one or more fluid impermeable dividing members and/or activatable elements, which upon activation enable contact between the aqueous carrier component and nicotinamide riboside component.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmaceutically acceptable compositions containing macrolide antibiotics, in particular azithromycin. In particular, compositions containing azithromycin with low toxicity, especially for administration to felines, are provided herein.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds that are derivatives of Azithromycin and that have been found by the current inventors to have low antimicrobial activity but significant epithelial barrier enhancement properties. The invention further provides use of the compounds as a medicament, in particular in the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease or condition that is caused by a defect in epithelial cells or tissue, or a disease or condition that benefits from enhancement or restoration of epithelial barrier function, for example diseases of the respiratory tract.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the diagnosing, prognosing, monitoring, differentiating, treating, and managing of Lyme disease in a subject. The methods according to the invention are characterized by the detection of a biomarker signature comprised of a combination of two or more analytes indicative of disease.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of preparing new 14-membered ketolides via coupling of an eastern and western half moiety, followed by macro-cyclization, and optional functionalization. Intermediates in the synthesis of these ketolides including the eastern and western halves are also provided. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions using these ketolides are also provided.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions showing the ability to inhibit or suppress replication of a filovirus in an individual are disclosed. The disclosed compositions are useful for treating, reventing, or reducing the spread of infections by filovirus. A method includes administering at least one agent of the present disclosure to an individual infected with or exposed to a filovirus, wherein the step of administering is carried out for a suitable time period so that the individual is treated; and determining whether the individual has been treated, wherein the step of determining includes one of measuring an inhibition in viral replication, measuring a decrease in viral load, or reducing at least one symptom associated with the filovirus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic agent for myotonic dystrophy which inhibits aberrant splicing responsible for myotonic dystrophy, resulting in an increase in a normally spliced product and thus improvement in a symptom of myotonic dystrophy, and is highly safe for use in long-term administration. The therapeutic agent for myotonic dystrophy comprises, as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof, or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: An ophthalmic treatment composition for the treatment of dry eye consists essentially of squalane in an amount by weight of 1% to 100%; and mineral oil in an amount by weight of 0% to 99%. Preferably, the mineral oil is a light mineral oil or mixture of light mineral oils and is present in an amount by weight of 1% to 10%. The composition is effectively devoid of water, preservatives, emulsifiers and dispersing agents. A related ophthalmic treatment composition comprises squalane in an amount by weight of 1% to 99% and mineral oil in an amount by weight of 0% to 99% and at least one hydrophobic or lipophilic pharmaceutical substance in an amount by weight of 0.01% to 5%, effective for treatment of at least one ophthalmic condition.

Abstract: There are disclosed therapies and preventions of prion protein complex infections. The transcription of the amyloid precursor protein gene and PrP gene and the RNA transcript are the rate-limiting steps and are most susceptible for blockage and control of the process of amyloid protein formation and PrPsc formation. Thus, therapies and prevention regimes for prion protein complex infections interrupt this process at the level of DNA transcription to RNA, RNA transport to the mitochondrion for protein synthesis and deposition in the cerebral cortex neurons.

Abstract: A polymerizable polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, in which the initial viscosity of the cement dough can be controlled. The polymerizable bone cement composition comprises a monomer for radical polymerization, a powdered polymethylmethacrylate-co-polymer soluble in the monomer or a mixture comprising polymethylmethacrylate-co-polymers, a polymerization initiator, and a radiopaquer, wherein the powdered polymethylmethacrylate-co-polymer comprises at least one particulate polymethylmethacrylate-co-polymer having a molar mass of more than or equal to 200,000 g/mol, and the polymethylmethacrylate-co-polymer is obtainable by polymerization of a mixture of 90.0% or more by weight methylmethacrylate and 10.0% or less by weight of one or more comonomers, wherein the weight ratio of component A comprising the polymethylmethacrylate-co-polymer, radiopaquer, and polymerization initiator, and component B comprising a monomer for radical polymerization, stabilizer, and polymerization accelerator, is approximately 2.

Abstract: An ophthalmic treatment composition for the treatment of dry eye consists essentially of squalane in an amount by weight of 1% to 100%; and mineral oil in an amount by weight of 0% to 99%. Preferably, the mineral oil is a light mineral oil or mixture of light mineral oils and is present in an amount by weight of 1% to 10%. The composition is effectively devoid of water, preservatives, emulsifiers and dispersing agents. A related ophthalmic treatment composition comprises squalane in an amount by weight of 1% to 99% and mineral oil in an amount by weight of 0% to 99% and at least one hydrophobic or lipophilic pharmaceutical substance in an amount by weight of 0.01% to 5%, effective for treatment of at least one ophthalmic condition.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmaceutically acceptable compositions containing macrolide antibiotics, in particular azithromycin. In particular, compositions containing azithromycin with low toxicity, especially for administration to felines, are provided herein.

Abstract: The application relates to the macrolide compound of the formula (I): wherein * indicates a stereocentre which is in (R) or (S) configuration, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof.

Abstract: A method of treating blepharitis includes administering to the affected eye of a subject an effective amount of an active ingredient in an ophthalmically acceptable vehicle for a sufficient period of time to treat blepharitis. The active ingredient consists essentially of a glucocorticoid in an ophthalmically acceptable vehicle that includes an aqueous polymer suspension that when mixed with tear fluid provides a sustained release of said active ingredient. The aqueous polymer suspension includes a carboxyl-containing polymer having less than about 5% by weight cross-linking agent and has a viscosity in a range from about 1,000 to about 30,000 centipoises. A kit includes: (a) a composition comprising about 0.1% by weight dexamethasone in this ophthalmically acceptable vehicle and (b) instructions for using the composition of (a) for the treatment of blepharitis.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions showing the ability to inhibit or suppress replication of a filovirus in an individual are disclosed. The disclosed compositions are useful for treating, reventing, or reducing the spread of infections by filovirus. A method includes administering at least one agent of the present disclosure to an individual infected with or exposed to a filovirus, wherein the step of administering is carried out for a suitable time period so that the individual is treated; and determining whether the individual has been treated, wherein the step of determining includes one of measuring an inhibition in viral replication, measuring a decrease in viral load, or reducing at least one symptom associated with the filovirus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polymers made from at least one monomer of formulae (I), (II), (III), and (IV), in combination with a monomer of formula (V) that may be used in pharmaceutical formulations. These polymers comprise a hydrocarbon backbone and are made from monomers that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Methods of making these polymers are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), compositions comprising them, and methods and uses thereof are described herein for the treatment of respiratory diseases, including cystic fibrosis. Inhalation formulations of macrolide antibiotics are also described herein. The treatment of bacterial infections continues to be an important endeavor of pharmaceutical research and development. The specter of bacterial resistance to currently available antibiotics is ever-present, and accordingly, new and improved compounds, pharmaceuticals formulations, treatment methods, and treatment protocols are needed.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains to a novel macrolide antibacterial agent of formula (I): A-L-Q, as defined herein, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, and hydrates thereof. Inter alia, the new macrolide antibacterial agent is active against a number of bacterial species, including resistant species.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solution containing at least one water-miscible biocompatible solvent and a lipophilic substance dissolved therein, wherein upon contact with aqueous body fluid the dissolved lipophilic substance is precipitated out of the solution in the form of nanoparticles and a nanosuspension is formed.

Abstract: The present description relates to compounds and forms and pharmaceutical compositions thereof and methods for use thereof to treat or ameliorate bacterial infections caused by wild-type and multi-drug resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens.

Abstract: Described herein are processes for the preparation of compounds of formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, and hydrates thereof.

Abstract: The present invention includes compositions and methods for diagnosing and treating CA-MRSA infections in patients. The methods are based on the finding that combining cefoxitin and a synthetic penicillin in a treatment regimen results in a synergistic effect of the two drugs, an effect that is related to PBP4 activity in CA-MRSA isolates. Also provided is a CA-MRSA-specific biomarker which can be used to detect the presence of a CA-MRSA infection in a patient.

Abstract: The present description relates to compounds and forms and pharmaceutical compositions thereof and methods for use thereof to treat or ameliorate bacterial infections caused by wild-type and multi-drug resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method or process for preparing erythromycin thiocyanate, which belongs to the pharmaceutical field. Also disclosed herein is a method of using erythromycin or a salt thereof as a raw material, which can be dissolved in acetone or a mixed solvent containing acetone to yield erythromycin thiocyanate A as the main component and low in the content of impurities. Said erythromycin thiocyanate could be used as the raw material for preparing Azithromycin and Clarithromycin, which meets the standards made by European Union and US.

Abstract: The present invention further relates to ivermectin, most preferably formulated as an implant for administration of pet and domestic animals. These formulations provide long term protection against Dirofilaria parasites, without the risks for secondary adverse events of conventional formulations. Preferred formulations are implants and are administered at least twice a year, once a year, or at least once in 18 months, up to 24 months.

Abstract: The inventions discloses a process for preparation of compounds of Formula (IX), Wherein, R is C1-C6 alkyl, R1 is hydrogen or a hydroxyl protecting group, and R2 is hydrogen or fluorine.

Abstract: A composition comprising from 0.005% to 0.02% bimatoprost by weight and from 100 ppm to 250 ppm benzalkonium chloride, wherein said composition is an aqueous liquid which is formulated for ophthalmic administration is disclosed herein. A method which is useful in treating glaucoma or ocular hypertension related thereto is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods and compounds for regulating the release of nitric oxide in the vicinity of biofilm-forming microorganisms to regulate programmed cell death in the microorganisms and thereby promote dispersal of microorganism from biofilms and/or inhibit biofilm formation or development. More particularly, the invention relates to the use of compounds to provide spatial and temporal control over nitric oxide release.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds and compositions and methods for making and using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: There is provided a method for catalytic asymmetric synthesis of optically active isoxazoline compound and an optically active isoxazoline compound. A method for catalytic asymmetric synthesis of optically active isoxazoline compound of a formula (6) including reacting an ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound of a formula (1) and a hydroxylamine in a solvent in the presence of a base by adding a chiral phase transfer catalyst. An optically active isoxazoline compound of a formula (13) that can be synthesized by the method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of inhibiting shikimate pathway, comprising administering to a subject a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a compound having a formula: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for stimulating meibomian gland epithelial cell function by administering to the ocular surface or immediate vicinity of an eye of a subject an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition containing a PLD-inducing compound, such as the cationic amphiphilic drugs (e.g. azithromycin), androgen or an androgen analogue with androgen effectiveness, corticosteroid, progesterone, IGF-1 or an IGF-1 analogue (e.g. insulin), GH, and mixtures thereof. The pharmaceutical compositions are effective to treat a variety of aliments to the eye including meibomian gland dysfunction, evaporative dry eye disease, lipid abnormalities in meibum or the tear film, and autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of veterinary science and medicine and can be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. The aim of the present invention is to design a preparation based on azithromycin in the form of a solution, having a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity, and in the form of an injection solution ready for use not only for introduction intravenously, but also for intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrauterine and intracisternal introduction. The antibacterial pharmaceutical composition comprises azithromycin, solvents and/or cosolvents, a preservative, and an antioxidant.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of overcoming resistance to at least one antibiotic in a multidrug resistant bacterium, said method comprising contacting said bacterium with an alginate oligomer together with the antibiotic. The multidrug resistant bacterium may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antibiotic in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with a multidrug resistant bacterium to overcome resistance to the antibiotic in said multidrug resistant bacterium. In another aspect the method can be used to combat contamination of a site with multidrug resistant bacteria, e.g. for disinfection and cleaning purposes.

Abstract: Methods of treating, reducing, or preventing lung infections or lung inflammation include identifying a patient in need of treatment and administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one cationic steroid antimicrobial (CSA), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Treatment of cystic fibrosis lung infections, COPD lung infections, inflammation of the lungs in these patient populations, and lung scarring in these patient populations is also described.

Abstract: Described herein are macrolide and ketolide antibiotics and pharmaceutical compositions, methods, and uses thereof for treating gastrointestinal diseases.

Abstract: Described herein are macrolide and ketolide antibiotics and pharmaceutical compositions, methods, and uses thereof for treating diseases caused at least in party by resistant bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention provides triazole macrocyclic compounds useful as therapeutic agents. More particularly, these compounds are useful as anti-infective, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and prokinetic agents.