Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for inhibiting N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA). Inhibition of NAAA is contemplated as a method to sustain the levels of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleylethanolamide (OEA), two substrates of NAAA, in conditions characterized by reduced concentrations of PEA and OEA. The invention also provides methods for treating inflammatory diseases and pain, and other disorders in which decreased levels of PEA and OEA are associated with the disorder.

Abstract: A method of enhancing binding of cells to an integrin-binding ligand comprises treating integrin-expressing cells in vitro with an agonist of integrin, wherein the integrin is selected from the group consisting of ?4?1, ?5?1, ?4?7, ?v?3 and ?L?2, and contacting the treated cells with an integrin-binding ligand; integrin agonist compounds having the general formula I; methods of treating integrin-expressing cells with such agonists to enhance binding; and therapeutic methods comprising administering agonist-treated cells or agonist compounds to a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention embraces compounds selected for interacting with the Fingers-Palm pocket of telomerase and use thereof for modulating the activity of telomerase and preventing or treating diseases or conditions associated with telomerase.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to acylsulfonamides and processes for their preparation. The processes involve a target-guided synthesis approach, whereby a thioacid and a sulfonyl azide are reacted in the presence of a biological target protein, a Bcl-2 family protein, to form the acylsulfonamide.

Abstract: Provided are methods of treating a cancer characterized by the presence of a mutant allele of IDH1 comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a compound described here.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of treating Parkinson's disease using arylcyclopropylamine compounds.

Abstract: A method of treating or preventing an abnormality of glucose metabolism in a subject, the method comprising administering an antagonist of Inhibitor of Differentiation 1 (Id1) to the subject.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel guanidine derivatives in the cinnamic series of general formula (I): The invention also relates to the process for preparing said guanidine derivatives and also to synthetic intermediates. Finally, the invention relates to the use of the guanidine derivatives for the preparation of compositions with anti-glycation properties, especially in cosmetology.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compounds and compositions are provided which are methylenedioxy phenolic compounds and their derivatives, along with methods of making them and methods of using them for therapeutic purposes. The compounds and compositions are advantageous in that they can be used to treat or prevent cardiovascular disease, vascular disease and/or inflammatory disease, as well as Type I and Type II Diabetes and Dyslipidemia patients at risk for hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular and renal disease.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general formula (I), having histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibiting enzymatic activity, their derivatives, analogs, tautomeric forms, stereoisomers, polymorphs, hydrates, solvates, intermediates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions, metabolites and prodrugs thereof. The present invention more particularly provides novel compounds of the general formula (I). Also included is a method for treatment of cancer, psoriasis, proliferative conditions and conditions mediated by HDAC, in a mammal comprising administering an effective amount of a novel compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides glucosinolate and isothiocyanate compounds and related methods for synthesizing these compounds and analogs. In certain embodiments, these glucosinolate and isothiocyanate compounds are useful and chemopreventive and or chemotherapeutic agents.

Abstract: Provided is an unprecedented composition that is not a conventional symptomatic treatment, but makes possible the fundamental treatment of current neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting oxidative-stress induced nerve-cell death. The disclosed neurodegenerative disease therapeutic agent includes a compound, or a salt of said compound, that inhibits oxidative-stress induced nerve-cell death to a high degree and is an agent used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating certain conditions, including diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, disorders or conditions by administrating a composition comprising a biguanide or related heterocyclic compound, e.g., metformin. Also provided herein are biguanide or related heterocyclic compound compositions, and methods for the preparation thereof for use in the methods of the present invention. Also provided herein are compositions comprising metformin and salts thereof and methods of use.

Abstract: Inhibitors of retroviral propagation, methods of treatment and prevention of retroviral infections using the inhibitors, and pharmaceutical compositions including the inhibitors, are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention discloses a series of novel propynoic acid carbamoyl methyl-amides (PACMAs), methods for synthesizing the PACMAs and pharmaceutical compositions containing the PACMAs. These novel compounds and compositions show cytotoxicity in cancer cells and are useful as lead compounds for anti-cancer drugs or pharmaceutical agents. This invention also discloses treatment methods that uses the PACMAs and pharmaceutical compositions as well as methods for promoting the release and nuclear localization of the transcription factor Nrf2.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to integrin ligand discovery and to a method of integrin ligand discovery base upon induction of ligand-induced epitopes. Such ligands have the potential to be active agent as anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis and/or anti-thrombotic agents and for the treatment of integrin mediated diseases and/or conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods useful for treating cancer, systemic or chronic inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, obesity, T-cell mediated autoimmune disease, ischemia, and other complications associated with these diseases and disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification and the claims; a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof; provided that the compound is other than or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The claimed compounds are useful for the treatment of a disease, the treatment of which is affected, mediated or facilitated by activating the GHS1A-r receptor. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions thereof and processes for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides diacylhydrazine ligands and chiral diacylhydrazine ligands for use with ecdysone receptor-based inducible gene expression systems. Thus, the present invention is useful for applications such as gene therapy, large scale production of proteins and antibodies, cell-based screening assays, functional genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and regulation of traits in transgenic organisms, where control of gene expression levels is desirable. An advantage of the present invention is that it provides a means to regulate gene expression and to tailor expression levels to suit the user's requirements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new amine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the definitions of X, R1, R2 and n are given in the description, to a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound as active ingredient, and to use of the amine compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt for the manufacture of an anti-depressent drug.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a neuronal cell death inhibitor and a therapeutic agent for a neurodegenerative disease, particularly Parkinson's disease. [Means for Solving Problems] It is known that DJ-1 protein is involved in Parkinson's disease and is capable of inhibiting neuronal cell death caused by oxidative stress. Based on this knowledge, screening is made for a low molecular weight molecule capable of binding to an active site of DJ-1 protein (i.e., a region around a cysteine residue at position-106) using an analysis softwear FastDock (Fujitsu Ltd.). When various tests are made using candidate low molecular weight compounds each having a binding energy of ?60 kcal/mol or lower, these compounds show a therapeutic effect on a neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds which enhance the transcription of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) for treating stem and progenitor cells in the cell therapy of patients with ischemic heart diseases such as coronary heart disease or ischemic cardiomyopathy. Treatment of such cells which are isolated from bone marrow, for example, with an eNOS transcription enhancer prior to their administration improves their functional activity and ameliorates neovascularization of the heart and cardiac regeneration.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a chronic heart disease, comprising a compound of a formula (I): wherein: R1 is one independently selected from a group consisting of a hydrogen, a methyl and an ethyl; R2 is one of a hydrogen and a methyl; and R3 is one selected from a group consisting of a hydrogen, (CH2)nAr and (CH2)nArR?R?, wherein n is one of 1 and 2, R? and R? is located at C-3 and C-4 positions, respectively, R? is a hydrogen and R? is one of a hydroxy, a fluorine, a bromine and a OMe, or R?+R?=—OCH2O—; or R2+R3 is one of wherein n is one of 4 and 5.

Abstract: The invention provides N-substituted benzenesulfonamides for use in treating or preventing cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's Disease. Compounds of particular interest are defined by Formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R3?, are as described in the specification. The invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula (I) as well as methods of treating cognitive disorders, including Alzheimer's disease using compounds of Formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for the treatment and prevention of CNS-related conditions. One of the CNS-related conditions treated by the methods and compositions of the invention is Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to a TRPM8 modulator for achieving a cooling effect on the skin or a mucous membrane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to a method treating diseases involving cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, or adhesion, comprising administering to a human or non-human mammalian patient an effective amount of a compound of general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of treatment and/or prophylaxis of a microbial infection, employing compounds of formula (I), in which X and Y are either the same of different and selected from a hereroatiom; is a double or single bond depending on the heteroatoms X and Y; R1 to R5 are either the same or different and selected from hydrogen or a non-deleterious substituent; and R6 to R7 are either the same or different and selected from hydrogen and a non-deleterious substituent or one of R6 to R7 are absent when there is a double bond present. Also disclosed are methods for protecting a subject from radiation damage, methods of cancer radiotherapy, and use of the disclosed compounds as an antimicrobial or radioprotective agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to acyl guanidine derivatives modulating the hedgehog protein signaling pathway to be used as drugs, in particular for treating diseases involving a tissue dysfunction associated with a deregulation of the hedgehog protein signaling pathway, as well as to pharmaceutical compositions containing same. The present invention also relates to novel acyl guanidine derivatives as such.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of piperphentonamine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof to prevent/treat encephalopathy in mammals, and the use of a combination of piperphentonamine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and other medicines in manufacture a medicine to prevent/treat encephalopathy in mammals. The mammals include human beings, and the encephalopathy includes cerebral injury related diseases or cerebrovascular diseases. The cerebrovascular diseases refer to cerebral ischemia, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury or cerebral hemorrhage. The cerebral hemorrhage includes hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage secondary to infarction, tumor cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral hemorrhage caused by arteritis. The cerebral ischemia means carotid system cerebral ischemia or vertebrobasilar cerebral ischemia.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula wherein the symbols have the meaning described in the specification are hydroxamic acid derivatives of aniline and capable of inhibiting the lethal effects of infection by anthrax bacteria and are useful in the treatment of poisoning by anthrax.

Abstract: Provided are compounds, compositions, and methods for treating diseases and conditions wherein an inhibitor of a kinase, such as rho kinase (ROCK), and an inhibitor of one or more of the monoamine transporters, such as NET or SERT, act in concert to improve the condition.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) modulating substituted cyclopentylene compounds represented in formula I and derivatives thereof, to said compounds for use as a medicament, to said compounds for use in therapy, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, to methods of treating diseases with said compounds, and to the use of said compounds in the manufacture of medicaments.

Abstract: Ischemia-reperfusion injury remains a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals who experience disruption of normal blood flow to one or more major organs. For example, there are no clinically proven strategies that prevent acute renal failure following cardiac surgery. The present invention provides a variety of methods for the treatment or prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury. In one aspect of the invention, a method for treating or preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury includes administering to a subject an effective amount of a sphingosine kinase inhibitor. Sphingosine kinase inhibitors are very effective in the protection against IR-induced acute renal failure and liver failure. Moreover, the effects occur very early after administration, requiring only a very short time of treatment. Toxicology studies with sphingosine kinase inhibitors demonstrate that they have low toxicity, even in long-term treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment, amelioration and/or prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. The invention also relates to the use of a compound of Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, X, A3, B1, s and n are defined herein, for the treatment, amelioration and/or prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents for use in the treatment, amelioration and/or prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy.

Abstract: Organic compounds showing the ability to inhibit effector toxin secretion or translocation mediated by bacterial type III secretion systems are disclosed. The disclosed type III secretion system inhibitor compounds are useful for combating infections by Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas spp., Yersinia spp., enteropathogenic and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, and Chlamydia spp. having such type III secretion systems.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for administering an NMDA receptor antagonist (e.g., memantine) to a subject.

Abstract: A method of modulating the flavour of an orally-receivable product, such as a foodstuff, beverage, dentifrice or medicine, comprising the addition thereto of a flavour-modulating proportion of at least one compound of the formula I in which X is selected from CHOH, C?O, CH2—CO and CH?C(OH), Y is selected from C1-C7 linear and branched alkyl and CH2CH2OH, Z is selected from CH3 and a moiety of the formula II in which the wavy bond represents bond linking Z to X and R1 and R2 are selected from the possibilities (i) both hydrogen; (ii) independently OH and OCH3; and (iii) R1 and R2 together with their bonds to the phenyl ring form a ring of the formula —O—CH2—O—; such that, when Z is CH3, X is C?O and Y is CH2CH2OH.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treatment and/or prophylaxis of a microbial infection, comprising the step of administering an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), in which X and Y are either the same or different and selected from a heteroatom; is a double or single bond depending on the heteroatoms X and Y; R1 to R5 are either the same or different and selected from hydrogen or a non-deleterious substituent; and R6 and R7 are either the same or different and selected from hydrogen and a non-deleterious substituent or one of R6 and R7 are absent when there is a double bond present, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives, pro-drugs, tautomers and/or isomers thereof. The present invention also relates to a method for protecting a subject from radiation damage, a method of cancer radiotherapy and use as an antimicrobial or radioprotective agent of the compound of formula (I) defined above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted hydrazonamide compounds. The invention further relates to methods of inhibiting the activity of Hs?90 in a subject in need thereof and methods for treating hyperproliferative disorders, such as cancer, in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a substituted hydrazonamide compound of the invention, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising such a compound.

Abstract: Compounds are provided that comprise dinitroso-derivatives of dihydrolipoic acid. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods of using the compounds for treating various diseases and disorders, including angina, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, renal insufficiency, myocardial infarction, stroke, atherosclerosis, and the target organ damage that accompanies these various diseases and disorders, are further provided. The compounds are useful in improving vasodilation, reducing low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and reducing inflammation in a subject.

Abstract: Novel compounds, compositions, and methods related to the activation of the TrkB receptor are provided. The methods include administering in vivo or in vitro a therapeutically effective amount of a compound containing a catecholamine backbone and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and derivatives thereof. Specifically, methods, compositions, and compounds for the treatment of disorders including neurological disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, and metabolic disorders are provided. For example, a first method is provided of treating or reducing the risk of depression, anxiety, or obesity in a subject, which includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the described compounds. A further method of promoting neuroprotection in a subject also is provided, which includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the described compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of mixtures containing hydrazone compounds and copper for controlling the growth of fungi.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that function as modulators of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) activity; and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The present invention provides therapeutic methods involving administering a subject compound, or a subject pharmaceutical composition. The present invention further provides assays for identifying agonists of ALDH2.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for treating or preventing malaria in a subject. The method includes administering to the subject an effective amount of a substituted tetracycline compound, such that malaria is treated or prevented. In one aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions which include an effective amount of a tetracycline compound to treat malaria in a subject and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The substituted tetracycline compounds of the invention can be used to in combination with one or more anti-malarial compounds or can be used to treat or prevent malaria which is resistant to one or more other anti-malarial compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of acylthiourea or acylurea derivatives for the treatment of pathologies involving a tissue dysfunction associated with a deregulation of the Hedgehog protein signalling pathway, and also to novel acylthiourea or acylurea derivatives as such, to their use as a medicinal product, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention provides an N1-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl-N2-substituted biguanide derivative of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method for preparing same, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising same as an active ingredient. The inventive N1-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl-N2-substituted biguanide derivative exhibits improved blood glucose level- and lipid level-lowering effects even with a reduced dosage as compared to conventional drugs, and thus, it is useful for preventing or treating diabetes, metabolic syndromes such as insulin-independent diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis, or a P53 gene defect-related cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to therapeutic and/or prophylactic uses of hydrazide compounds and to pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of these compounds as an active component for treating a disease or disorder requiring modulation of vacuolar (H+)-ATPases.

Abstract: ?- and ?-amino acid hydroxyethylamino sulfonamide compounds are effective as retroviral protease inhibitors, and in particular as inhibitors of HIV protease.

Abstract: ?- and ?-amino acid hydroxyethylamino sulfonamide compounds are effective as retroviral protease inhibitors, and in particular as inhibitors of HIV protease.