Abstract: This invention relates to a stereochemically pure uracyl spirooxetane nucleoside phosphoramidate useful in the treatment of patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Abstract: This invention folates to combinations of therapeutic molecules useful for treating hepatitis C virus infection.

Abstract: The invention relates to fatty acid antiviral conjugates; compositions comprising an effective amount of a fatty acid antiviral conjugate; and methods for treating or preventing a viral infection comprising the administration of an effective amount of a fatty acid antiviral conjugate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a stereochemically pure uracyl spirooxetane nucleoside phosphoramidate which inhibits the hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed herein that involve C5-functionalized nucleic acids, which can be used for detecting a target in a nucleic acid. Particular embodiments disclose methods for making these compounds, wherein the compounds can be formed by coupling of an intermediate with a linker. Certain embodiments disclose the use of these compounds for detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms, and for increasing the thermal affinity of nucleic acid complements as compared to unmodified nucleic acid complements. In addition, the disclosed compounds can decrease enzymatic degradation of nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of ameliorating hippocampal dysfunction and improving or inhibiting decline in intelligence or cognitive or hippocampal-dependent memory of a subject and of increasing synthesis and release of neurotransmitters, neurite outgrowth, and levels of neurofilament proteins in the brain and CNS of a subject, comprising administering to the subject a uridine, an acyl derivative thereof, a uridine phosphate, uracil, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I: including any possible stereoisomers thereof, wherein: R4 is a monophosphate, diphosphate or triphosphate ester; or R4 is R7 is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted naphthyl, or optionally substituted indolyl; R8 and R8? are hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, benzyl, or phenyl; or R8 and R8? form C3-C7cycloalkyl; R9 is C1-C10alkyl, C3-C7cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenyl-C1-C6alkyl, wherein the phenyl moiety in phenyl or phenyl-C1-C6alkyl is optionally substituted; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof; pharmaceutical formulations and the use of compounds I as HCV inhibitors.

Abstract: Biomarkers (and suites of biomarkers) relating to prostate cancer are provided, as well as methods for using such biomarkers (ans suites thereof), including early prediction of prostate cancer, disease grading, target identification/validation, and monitoring of drug efficacy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, in particular, dual antagonists comprising a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) or a nucleoside competitive reverse transcriptase inhibitor and a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), linked together using a chemical linker, which may be used to inhibit HIV (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase and in the treatment of HIV infections, more severe cases of HIV infections, including ARC and AIDS, including reducing the likelihood of these infections and disease states.

Abstract: The invention relates to Phospholipase A2 (hereinafter also referred to as PLA2) inhibitors for use in the treatment or prevention of flavivirus infection, in particular an infection with a flavivirus of the genus Flavi or the genus Hepaci. The invention also provides a pharmaceutical formulation for use in the treatment or prevention of an infection with a flavivirus of the genus Flavi or the genus Hepaci and a method of preventing or treating an infection with a flavivirus of the genus Flavi or the genus Hepaci.

Abstract: This application discloses phosphoramidate and phosphonoamidate prodrugs of alcohol-based therapeutic agents, such as nucleosides, nucleotides, acyclonucleosides, C-nucleosides, and C-nucleotides, and use of these prodrugs for treatment of diseases or disorders, including infectious diseases and cancers. This application also discloses a general method for enhancing bioavailability and/or liver-targeting property of alcohol drugs through converting the alcohol drugs to phosphoramidate or phosphonoamidate prodrugs, and methods of preparation of these prodrugs.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for supporting operational activities in daily living by providing a combination of (a) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly DHA and/or EPA, and (b) nucleosides or nucleotides, particularly uridine or its equivalent. The operational activities comprise eating; walking; toileting; bathing; grooming; dressing; use of communication equipment; making conversations; keeping appointments; use of household appliances; cleaning dishes; preparation of meal or drink; writing; reading; independent housekeeping; transportation and shopping.

Abstract: The invention is directed to phosphonate nucleosides comprising a phosphonalkoxy-substituted five-membered, saturated or unsaturated, oxygen-containing ring coupled to a heterocyclic nucleobase such as a pyrimidine or purine base, as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof. These compounds, which can be described by general formula (II), are useful for the treatment of retroviral infection, e.g., HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection in a mammal. The invention also features synthetic intermediates for the preparation of phosphonate nucleosides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to prodrug forms of ?-L-1-[5-(E-2-Bromovinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)]uracil (L-BHDU) and their use to treat viral infections of Varicella Zoster Virus, including recurrent VZV (shingles), especially including drug resistant Varicella Zoster Virus and related complications of this viral infection such as rash or post-herpetic neuralgia.

Abstract: Methods for improved administration and dosing of DPD inhibitors in combination with 5-FU and/or 5-FU prodrugs are provided, comprising first administering to a patient in need thereof a DPD inhibitor that substantially eliminates activity of the enzyme and thereafter administering 5-FU or a 5-FU prodrug, wherein the level of 5-FU or 5-FU prodrug is in substantial excess of DPD inhibitor in the patient.

Abstract: This invention relates to a functional food supplement, specifically intended to supplement the enteral or oral nutrition of patients with neurological or neurodegenerative alterations, and for the prevention of cognitive or behaviour disorders, especially in the case of elderly persons, where the functional ingredient especially conceived for the nourishment of patients suffering from, or prone to neurological or neurodegenerative alterations, cognitive deterioration or behaviour disorders comprises a mixture of UMP (uridine monophosphate or uridine) and/or IMP (inosine monophosphate or inosine), vitamins of the B group (B1, B6, B9 and B7), phospholipids and gangliosides and sialic acid, as well as a large amount of DHA.

Abstract: An agent for treatment of dry eye comprising a combination of a P2Y2 receptor agonist at a therapeutically effective concentration and hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a therapeutically effective concentration, which agent has a dosage form of an ophthalmic agent, can promote the secretion of tear remarkably and can improve corneal epithelial disorders remarkably, and is therefore expected to be a novel agent for treatment of dry eye.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to anti-viral compounds, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds, as well as to processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nucleoside phosphoramidates and their use as agents for treating viral diseases. These compounds are inhibitors of RNA-dependent 5 RNA viral replication and are useful as inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase, as inhibitors of HCV replication and for treatment of hepatitis C infection in mammals.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs, methods of synthesizing phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs and methods of treating diseases and/or conditions such as viral infections, cancer, and/or parasitic diseases with the phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs.

Abstract: Conformationally locked 2?,4?-carbocylic nucleosides with improved thermal and nuclease stability are disclosed. Oligonucleotides incorporating the locked nucleosides, and methods of treating disease states, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formula: which are of use in the treatment or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus infection, and related aspects.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nucleoside phosphoramidates and their use as agents for treating viral diseases. These compounds are inhibitors of RNA-dependent 5 RNA viral replication and are useful as inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase, as inhibitors of HCV replication and for treatment of hepatitis C infection in mammals.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical solution suitable for oral administration comprising ?-L-thymidine/2?-deoxy-L-thymidine (telbivudine), a pharmaceutically suitable solvent system, one or more taste-enhancing/masking agents, a preservative system, and a buffer system suitable to allow both drug stability and preservation.

Abstract: A composition comprising (a) one or more ?-3 fatty acids selected from DHA, DPA and EPA, (b) uridine or its equivalent, and (c) a methyl donor, useful in the treatment of a person having characteristics of a prodromal dementia patient. The characteristics include e.g. a level of more than 350 ng Total-tau per liter cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and a weight ratio of abeta-42/Phospho-tau-181 of less than 6.5 in CSF.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of treating a subject infected with hepatitis C virus, said method comprising administering to the subject for a time period an effective amount of GS-7977 and an effective amount of ribavirin. In one aspect, the method comprises administering to the subject an interferon-free treatment regimen comprising an effective amount of GS-7977 and an effective amount of ribavirin. In a particular aspect, the method is sufficient to produce an undetectable amount of HCV RNA in the subject for at least 12 weeks after the end of the time period. Also disclosed herein is a composition useful for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection, said composition comprising an effective amount of GS-7977 and an effective amount of ribavirin.

Abstract: The present invention features interferon- and ribavirin-free therapies for the treatment of HCV. Preferably, the treatment is over a shorter duration of treatment, such as no more than 12 weeks. In one aspect, the therapies comprise administering at least two direct acting antiviral agents without interferon and ribavirin to a subject with HCV infection. For example, the therapies comprise administering to a subject an effective amounts of therapeutic agent 1, therapeutic agent 2 (or therapeutic agent 3), and an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (e.g., ritonavir).

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides compositions and methods of treating a Flaviviridae infection, including hepatitis C virus, West Nile Virus, yellow fever virus, and a rhinovirus infection in a host, including animals, and especially humans, using a (2?R)-2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-2?-C-methyl nucleosides, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are Mannich base N-oxides of drugs containing acidic N—H groups. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of Mannich base N-oxides, or a N-oxide rearrangement product, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, are also disclosed. Further, disclosed are methods of using the compounds, alone or in combination with one or more other active agents or treatments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2?-chloroacetylenyl-substituted nucleoside derivatives of the general formula (I): As well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods to treat or prevent an HIV infection, HBV infection, HCV infection or abnormal cellular proliferation, comprising administering said compounds or compositions. In addition, the present invention includes processes for the preparation of such compounds, and the related ?-D and ?-L-nucleoside derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions methods for treating susceptible viral infections, especially hepatitis C viral (HCV) infections as well as co infections of HCV with other viruses such as HBV and/or HIV. In one embodiment, the present invention provides compositions having the formula (I) and their use in treating viral infections: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, stereoisomer, tautomers, solvate, prodrug, or combination thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I: including any possible stereoisomers thereof, wherein: R1 is hydrogen or halo; R4 is a monophosphate, diphosphate or triphosphate ester; or R4 is a group of formula R7 is optionally substituted phenyl; naphthyl; indolyl or N—C1-C6alkyloxycarbonyl-indolyl; R8 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, benzyl; R8? is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, benzyl; or R8 and R8? together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form C3-C7cycloalkyl; R9 is C1-C10alkyl, benzyl, or optionally substituted phenyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. pharmaceutical formulations and the use of compounds I as HCV inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for determining whether blood flow is restricted in a blood vessel of an individual suspected of compromised blood flow in the vessel, the method comprising the steps of delivering UTP, a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof to the vessel, assessing blood flow quantitatively in the vessel by obtaining a value that correlates to blood flow in said vessel, comparing the obtained value with a reference value, and determining whether the individual has compromised blood flow based on the results of the comparison. The invention also provides for methods of diagnosing atherosclerotic and ischemic heart diseases using UTP, a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof, as well as methods for inducing maximal hyperemia for diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing P2X purinergic agonists, e.g. P2X3 agonists, for increasing insulin secretion in a subject, methods of use, and methods of screening for related compounds and agents.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds that may be selectively activated to produce active anti-cancer agents in tumor cells. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of treating cancer using the compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phosphoramidate prodrugs of nucleoside derivatives for the treatment of viral infections in mammals, which is a compound, its stereoisomer, salt (acid or basic addition salt), hydrate, solvate, or crystalline form thereof, represented by the following structure: Also disclosed are methods of treatment, uses, and processes for preparing each of which utilize the compound represented by formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids and one or more components which have a beneficial effect on total methionine metabolism selected from the group consisting of vitamin B12 and precursors thereof, vitamin B6 and derivatives thereof, folic acid, zinc and magnesium, in the manufacture of a preparation for improving the action of receptors. This preparation is advantageously applied in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, epilepsy, schizophrenia, paranoia, depression, sleep disorders, impaired memory function, psychoses, dementia and ADHD.

Abstract: The present invention comprises compounds useful as antiviral or antitumor agents. The compounds comprise nucleotide analogues that comprise tetrahydrofuranyl or tetrahydrothienyl moeities with quaternary centers at the 3? position. The nucleotide analogues can be used to inhibit cancer or viruses. Accordingly, the compounds of the present invention are useful for treating, preventing, and/or inhibiting diseases or conditions associated with cancers and viruses. Thus, the present invention also comprising pharmaceutical formulations comprising the compounds and methods of using the compounds and formulations to inhibit viruses or tumors and treat, prevent, or inhibit the foregoing diseases.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the use of a lipid fraction for the support of brain function. The lipid fraction comprises the medium-chain fatty acids at least 4 g hexanoic acid and/or at least 5 g octanoic acid, at least 1 g eicosapentaenoic acid, and in addition more than 0.4 g ?-linolenic acid per 100 g fatty acids of the lipid fraction.

Abstract: The application provides methods for treatment or prophylaxis of dengue virus mediated diseases with compounds of Formula I wherein R1, R2a, R2b, R3, R4, R5 R6, R8a, R9 and R10 are as defined herein. The application further discloses methods for treatment or prophylaxis of dengue virus mediated diseases with pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I.

Abstract: A method and composition for treating a host infected with hepatitis C comprising administering an effective hepatitis C treatment amount of a described 1?, 2? or 3?-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, is provided.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a liquid composition for preventing and/or treating memory decline and/or cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and/or dementia, said composition comprising: (i) at least 50 mg nucleoside and/or nucleotide per 100 ml; (ii) between 0.2 and 10 grams protein per 100 ml; (iii) between 0.05 and 3 wt. % of thickener, based on total weight of the composition. The thickener is preferably selected from the group consisting of cellulose, xanthan gum, gellan gum, alginate, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, carrageenan, and mixtures thereof. The composition preferably has a loss factor tan ? between 0.1 and 100, as measured at any strain in the range of 1-100% at 0.1 Hz and 20° C. It is particularly found that a thickener selected from the group consisting of gellan gum, xanthan gum and cellulose greatly reduces sedimentation.

Abstract: A method and composition for treating a host infected with flavivirus or pestivirus comprising administering an effective flavivirus or pestivirus treatment amount of a described 1?, 2? or 3?-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phosphoramidate prodrugs of nucleoside derivatives for the treatment of viral infections in mammals, which is a compound, its stereoisomer, salt (acid or basic addition salt), hydrate, solvate, or crystalline form thereof, represented by the following structure: Also disclosed are methods of treatment, uses, and processes for preparing each of which utilize the compound represented by formula I.

Abstract: Methods, kits, and compositions for treating dry eye disorders and other related eye diseases are provided, wherein the methods, kits, and compositions utilize a JAK inhibitor.

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed herein that involve C5-functionalized nucleic acids, which can be used for detecting a target in a nucleic acid. Particular embodiments disclose methods for making these compounds, wherein the compounds can be formed by coupling of an intermediate with a linker. Certain embodiments disclose the use of these compounds for detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms, and for increasing the thermal affinity of nucleic acid complements as compared to unmodified nucleic acid complements. In addition, the disclosed compounds can decrease enzymatic degradation of nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of stimulating or enhancing production of a cellular membrane, improving a cognitive function or a neurological function, treating or ameliorating a decline in a cognitive function or a neurological function, increasing cytidine levels, or treating a neurological disorder in a subject, comprising administering a uridine, a uridine precursor, or a derivative or metabolite thereof to the subject. The invention also provides methods of improving neural function, comprising contacting the neuron with a uridine, a uridine precursor, or a derivative or metabolite thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of treatment or prophylaxis of fragile-X associated disorders are provided, as well as methods of screening compounds and kits to screen a library of compounds.

Abstract: A method and composition for treating a host infected with hepatitis C comprising administering an effective hepatitis C treatment amount of a described 1?, 2? or 3?-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, is provided.

Abstract: Method of using androgen receptor and/or butyrylcholinesterase targeted radiolabeled compounds, e.g., cycloSalingenyl pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphates, for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer.