Abstract: The present invention relates to derivatives of succinic and glutaric acids and analogues thereof, having the following general formula: useful as inhibitors of PHEX. These derivatives are useful for promoting generation of bone mass and treating or preventing diseases or conditions associated with a phosphate metabolism defect. Methods for preparation and intermediates are also disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active phosphorylation potential enhancing substance a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of an alpha-keto carboxylic acid thereof alone or in combination with nicatinamide and creatine and, its use and products containing the same.

Abstract: The invention provides novel scoring patterns for a wide variety of tablets that contain specific drugs or contain drugs in certain drug classes, and methods of treatment with layered tablets and fractional tablets derived from breaking said tablets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of IL-15 polynucleotides, polypeptides or compounds which bind to an antibody which specifically recognizes the IL-15 polypeptide or which specifically bind to an IL-15 receptor alpha chain for the preparation of a composition for stimulating hair growth or for treating, preventing and/or ameliorating hair loss. Moreover the present invention encompasses a transgenic non-human animal comprising an IL-15 polynucleotide. The present invention also relates to a method for stimulating hair growth in a non-human animal and to methods for manufacturing animal hair. Finally, the present invention relates to a method of treating, preventing and/or ameliorating a subject which suffers from hair loss.

Abstract: This invention relates to topical creams which retard sun exposure damage to skin and restore skin health. More particularly, this invention pertains to a novel topical skin cream formulation which retards sun damage to skin and restores skin health comprising: (a) vitamin A retinyl at a concentration of 0.2% to 10% weight, and/or retinol at a concentration of 0.2% to 10% weight; (b) vitamin C at a concentration of 5 % to 30% weight; (c) vitamin E at a concentration of 1% to 10% weight; (d) zinc sulfate at a concentration of 2% to 5% weight; and (e) the remainder, water and skin compatible thickeners, emulsifiers, emollients and moisturizers, having a pH of about 3 to 6.

Abstract: A compound having a formula is disclosed herein. Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition which causes adult boring bark beetles to discontinue boring, discontinue laying eggs and become disoriented and bore out of the tree or cease boring altogether and die is described. Additional tests have shown that beetles will not infest a tree which has been treated with the composition. Furthermore, the composition also causes beetle larvae to cease boring and die and also causes egg sacks to shrivel and die.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain glucose-based compounds that have an affinity to P-selectin. Further, the invention relates to the use of these glucose-based compounds for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of disorders associated with P-selectin, to conjugates, pharmaceutical carriers and drug delivery systems comprising said compounds, and to a method for determining whether a compound is capable of binding to P-selectin.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of acne, psychotic illnesses, such as schizophrenia, cancer, such as cancer of the head, neck and lung, and emphysema, comprising co-administering a therapeutically effective amount of isotretinoin and a contraceptive in a contraceptively effective dosage. The contraceptive preferably does not contain 100 wt % progestogen. Methods of treating acne and unit dosage delivery systems are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method(s) of treating a subject afflicted with cancer or a precancerous condition, an inflammatory disease or condition, and/or stroke or other ischemic disease or condition, the method comprising administering to the subject or patient in need a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a substituted cis or trans-stilbene.

Abstract: C-4 substituted retinoic acid analogs, synthesis methods of C-4 substituted retinoic acid analogs and methods of using C-4 substituted retinoic acid analogs to treat various cancers and dermatological diseases and conditions. The C-4 substituted retinoic acid analogs include C-4 all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) analogs. The C-4 substituted retinoic acid analogs inhibit all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) 4-hydroxylase activity, thereby inhibiting the catabolism of ATRA. The C-4 substituted retinoic acid analogs also have ATRA-mimetic activity. The preferred substitutions at C-4 are an azole group, a sulfur, oxygen, or nitrogen containing group, a pyridyl group, an ethinyl group, a cyclopropyl-amine group, an ester group, or a cyano group, or forms, together with the C-4 carbon atom, an oxime, an oxirane or aziridine group.

Abstract: Substituted taraxastanes useful for treating viral infections, are provided herein. Thus, in a first aspect, the invention provides compounds of Formula I and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the variables R1, R2, and X are defined herein. The compounds described herein are thought to act by inhibiting retroviral maturation, including maturation of encapsulated retroviruses viruses, such as the HIV viruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds of Formula I are included herein. Methods of using such compounds to treat human patients infected with an HIV virus and reducing the mortality of AIDS are also provided herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating an inflammatory bowel disease, including administering an effective amount of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides novel antioxidants comprising hydroquinone substituted polyunsaturated fatty acids. Such fatty acids can be obtained from crude kombo butter and are suitable for preventing oxidation of various organic materials. In particular, the invention relates to the use of these fatty acids as antioxidants in the treatment of cancer, the inhibition of proliferation of cells, in lowering levels of cholesterol both in vivo and in vitro and in the treatment of cognitive disorders, including but not limited to Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: This invention is directed to lipoxin A4 analogs of the following formula (II): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are described herein. These analogs are useful in treating inflammatory and autoimmune disorders in humans. These analogs are also useful in treating pulmonary or respiratory tract inflammation in humans.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of arsenic compounds to treat a variety of neoplastic diseases. The present invention encompasses the administration to a mammal of arsenic in the form of a salt, complex, organic compound or ionic solution to treat tumors of epithelial tissue, connective tissue, central nervous system, lymphoid tissue, hematopoietic cells and tumors associated with oncogenic viruses. This invention also encompasses the treatment of hematopoietic disorders in mammals by the administration of one or more arsenic compounds to said mammal. Further, the arsenic compounds may be used to treat metastatic neoplastic diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of arsenic compounds to treat a variety of neoplastic diseases. The present invention encompasses the administration to a mammal of arsenic in the form of a salt, complex, organic compound or ionic solution to treat tumors of epithelial tissue, connective tissue, central nervous system, lymphoid tissue, hematopoietic cells and tumors associated with oncogenic viruses. This invention also encompasses the treatment of hematopoietic disorders in mammals by the administration of one or more arsenic compounds to said mammal. Further, the arsenic compounds may be used to treat metastatic neoplastic diseases.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and the like comprising fucans such as fucoidan to treat surgical adhesions, arthritis, and psoriasis.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of treating a disorder selected from OCD, agoraphobia, agoraphobia without history of panic disorder, specific phobia, social phobia, PTSD, restless legs syndrome, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, hot flashes, and fibromyalgia by administering a compound of the formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R1 is hydrogen, straight or branched alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl; and R2 is straight or branched alkyl of from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, straight or branched alkenyl of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, alkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, -alkylcycloalkyl, -alkylalkoxy, -alkyl OH, -alkylphenyl, -alkylphenoxy, or -substituted phenyl. The invention also relates to a method of treating the above disorders by administering the compound (3S,5R)-3-Aminomethyl-5-methyl-octanoic acid.

Abstract: Mammalian hair growth can be reduced by topical application of an inhibitor of fatty acid metabolism.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an acetone-extracted product obtained from gamboge resin and compounds further purified from said acetone-extracted product, including a new compound called formoxanthone A. The acetone-extracted product and the further purified compounds have been demonstrated to have activities in inhibiting the growth of tumor/cancer cells. Also disclosed are the processes for obtaining said further purified compounds, and the uses of the acetone-extracted product and the further purified compounds in the preparation of pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the growth of tumor/cancer cells.

Abstract: Compounds containing a specific saturated or unsaturated branched chain terminal group; a polar leading group; and a long-chain aliphatic, non-cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, hydrocarbon group linking them; and having anti-cancer, immunosuppression alleviation, immune boosting and anti-inflammation activity.

Abstract: A method for treating the disease state in mammals caused by mammalian cells involved in the inflammatory response is disclosed. Mammalian cells participating in the inflammatory response are contacted with an inflammatory suppressor selected from the group consisting of alpha-keto acids and their salts which reduce the undesired inflammatory response and is an antioxidant. The inflammatory suppressor may further provide a cellular energy source and be a building block in the cellular synthesis of other cellular components. Compositions for reducing and treating undesired inflammatory response such as pain, swelling, erythema, crusting, scarring, itching, also disclosed.

Abstract: Cyanophenoxy carboxylic acid compounds and compositions for the delivery of active agents are provided. Methods of administration, treatment of disease and preparation are provided as well.

Abstract: Compounds containing a specific branched chain end terminal group, which is isopropyl, sec.-butyl, or tert.-butyl; a polar leading group; and long-chain aliphatic, non-cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon group linking them; and having anti-cancer and immune boosting activity.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (1), a salt thereof, or an ester thereof: wherein m represents an integer of 0 to 4, n represents an integer of 5 to 9, and R represents hydrogen atom or a protective group of hydroxyl group, which has reducing actions of blood glucose, plasma insulin, and triglyceride, and is useful for preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of diabetes, complications of diabetes, hyperlipemia and others.

Abstract: The application discloses methods of treating mammalian diseases characterized by abnormal cell mitosis by administering estradiol derivatives including those comprising colchicine or combretastatin A-4 structural motifs of the general formulae found below in a dosage sufficient to inhibit cell mitosis. The application discloses novel compounds used in the methods.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for producing corosolic acid starts from ursolic acid, which occurs in plants in relatively large amounts, the method comprising the steps of oxidizing the hydroxyl group at 3-position and utilizing the carbonyl group at 3-position to introduce a hydroxyl group stereospecifically into the 3-oxoursolic acid at the 2?-position adjacent to the hydroxyl group at 3-position.

Abstract: A reagent and related method for use in passivating a biomaterial surface, the reagent including a latent reactive group and a bifunctional aliphatic acid (e.g., fatty acid), in combination with a spacer group linking the latent reactive group to the aliphatic acid in a manner that preserves the desired function of each group. Once bound to the surface, via the latent reactive group, the reagent presents the aliphatic acid to the physiological environment, in vivo, in a manner (e.g., concentration and orientation) sufficient to hold and orient albumin.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of effecting a change in the core circadian clock by modulating retinoid nuclear receptors.

Abstract: Phenylamino benzoic acid, benzamides, and benzyl alcohol derivatives of the formula where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are hydrogen or substituent groups such as alkyl, and where R7 is hydrogen or an organic radical, and Z is COOR7, tetrazolyl, CONR6R7, or CH2OR7, are potent inhibitors of MEK and, as such, are effective in treating cancer and other proliferative diseases such as inflammation, psoriasis and restenosis, as well as stroke, heart failure, and immunodeficiency disorders.

Abstract: A method of treating pain by the co-administration of an antidepressant together with one or more precursors or inducers of neurotransmitters, particularly amino acids selected from L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, L-tryptophan and L-DOPA.

Abstract: This invention relates to biocidal compositions and methods of using same. Also provided is a process for the manufacturing of a biocidal composition in the form of a tablet and a method of using the biocidal compositions for the disinfection of water that may contain microorganisms and biofilms.

Abstract: Various exemplary compounds, compositions and methods are disclosed. An exemplary composition includes an insecticide comprising a formula weight greater than approximately 220 and a compound comprising an insect stimulant and a formula weight less than approximately 220. An exemplary method includes applying an insecticide comprising a formula weight greater than approximately 220 and applying a compound comprising an insect stimulant and a formula weight less than approximately 220. Exemplary compounds optionally include semiochemicals of insects, plants and/or animals. Other exemplary compounds, compositions and/or methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: The application discloses methods of treating mammalian diseases characterized by abnormal cell mitosis by administering estradiol derivatives including those comprising colchicine or combretastatin A-4 structural motifs of the general formulae found below in a dosage sufficient to inhibit cell mitosis. The application discloses novel compounds used in the methods.

Abstract: Cosmetic skin care methods of using and process of making carboxyalkylates of branched alcohols and/or alkoxylates thereof and process of making same. The compounds and compositions provide control of sebum secretion from sebocytes, improved oil control and improved skin feel, prevent shine and stickiness, while also providing anti-microbial activity against bacteria associated with acne, as well as providing anti-aging benefits which results in reduced appearance of wrinkles and aged skin, improved skin color, treatment of photoaged skin, improvement in skin's radiance and clarity and finish, and an overall healthy and youthful appearance of the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising an organic preservative acid and a UV-active indicator substance for preserving wood and for detection of the sufficient preservation of wood.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polysaccharidic esters of retinoic acid, wherein the hydroxyl groups of the monosaccharidic units of the polysaccharide are partially or totally esterified with retinoic acid. A process to obtain these esters is also described. The products according to the present invention can be used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic field.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of individual fumaric acid derivatives or mixtures thereof for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for treating mitochondrial diseases, especially for treating Parkinson's syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Chorea Huntington disease, retinopathia pigmentosa and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Preferably, the fumaric acid derivative(s) is/are those selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid dialkyl esters or fumaric acid monoalkyl esters in the form of the free acid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of administering a compound of Formula I: wherein R1 is hydrogen or C1-6-alkyl; R2 is C1-6-alkyl or adamantyl; R3 is C1-6-alkyl or hydroxy; or R2 and R3 taken together are —(CR6R7)n—; R4 is C2-8-alkyl, C2-8-alkenyl, C2-8-alkynyl, —OCH2R5 or C2-8-alkanoyl, or hydrogen when R3 is hydroxy; R5 is C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl or C2-6-alkynyl; R6 and R7 are hydrogen or C1-6-alkyl; Y is oxygen or sulfur; and n is 3, 4, or 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts of carboxylic acid of formula I, wherein said method comprises the step of admixing said compound in solid form with a topical carrier to form a topical formulation within seven days prior to first topical administration of said compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in therapy. Preferably, the compound may be used for treating a patient suffering from leukaemia, cancer or other proliferative disorder. A further embodiment relates to the use of a compound of formula (I) in an assay for detecting the phosphorylation and acetylation state of cellular substrates. The present invention also relates to novel compounds of formula (Ia).

Abstract: An aqueous ecabet sodium solution preparation which contains at a concentration of 1 w/v % or more (in conversion to ecabet sodium) of sulfodehydroabietic acid, or its salt•ion, wherein said solution is adjusted to pH in the range of 7-8.5 with at least one pH buffer selected from a salt of a polycarboxylic acid and a salt of a polyphoshoric acid, and an inorganic base. The preparation is stable, less irritant and is suitable for intestinal administration.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel agent for prophylaxis or treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases for oral administration or intra-intestinal infusion, which comprises as an active ingredient a compound of the formula (I): 1

Abstract: A method for regulating the appearance of skin comprising topically applying to said skin a composition comprising: (a) a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and about 0.05% to about 5% of an extract comprising a low molecular weight hydrolysable tannins, and mixtures thereof; (b) an effective amount of at least one additional skin care active ingredient selected from the group consisting of ant-acne actives, retinoids, ant-cellulite agents, antimicrobial actives, antifungal agents, vitamins, anti-inflamatory agents, tanning agents, allantoin, glucosamine, phytantriol, hydroxyacids, niacinamide, phytosterols, sunscreens and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an extract of olive leaves (Olea europaea) which is titrated in oleanolic acid and which may or may not be associated with a Larrea divaricata extract which is titrated in nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). Said products are intended for all types of cosmetic and dermopharmaceutical compositions for all forms of skin care, for moisturizing and anti-inflammatory purposes and, in particular, for the prevention and treatment of skin prone to acne.

Abstract: This invention is directed to lipoxin A4 analogs of the following formula (I) and (II): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are described herein. These analogs are useful in treating inflammatory and autoimmune disorders in humans. These analogs are also useful in treating pulmonary or respiratory tract inflammation in humans.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an effective amount of a curcuminoid species and an effective amount of a diterpene lactone species, a triterpene species or derivatives thereof that have a synergistic effect on specific inhibition of inducible COX-2 activity and have minimal effect on COX-1 activity are disclosed. Methods of using the compositions for providing synergistic anti-inflammatory effects are also disclosed.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided high viscosity chitosan-based topical compositions for the delivery of water insoluble active agents (such as retinoic acid) in which the active agent is entrapped either dissolved or in the form of suspended particles in a suitable dispersing agent in a chitosan matrix under vigorous stirring conditions. The chitosan matrix containing the active ingredient is then mixed in the presence of an aqueous anionic polymeric solution at pH greater than 6.0 such as to cause precipitation under vigorous stirring conditions of the chitosan matrix in the form of microparticles.

Abstract: Methods of treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and reduction of the level of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) of benign prostate conditions are disclosed. The treatment method includes an initial treatment of patients with orally administration of an initial dosage of about 0.25 mg per pound of body weight of 13 cis-retinoic acid daily for a period from about ten days to about twenty days, and followed by a sustaining treatment of the patients with orally administration of a sustaining dosage of about 0.25 mg per pound of body weight of 13 cis-retinoic acid about every five to seven days in a sustaining period. Another treatment method includes treating a patient having benign prostatic hyperplasia or elevated prostate specific antigen due to benign prostate conditions with a conventional hormone treatment such as using finasteride, and orally administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a composition containing 13-cis-retinoic acid.

Abstract: This invention features the use of the spirolaxine of formula (I) for the treatment of those pathologies responding to the activation of the PPAR&ggr; receptor, such as the Type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes. This invention also features a pharmaceutical composition in which the spirolaxine of formula (I) acts as active principle in association with the all-trans retinoic acid of formula (II) for the treatment of those pathologies responding to the activation of the PPAR&ggr; receptor, such as the acute malignant haemopathies.