Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of alleviating a symptom or delaying disease progression of a condition associated with a thiamine deficiency, a thiamine-dependent enzyme, or an associated cofactor and/or treating a condition associated with a thiamine deficiency, a thiamine-dependent enzyme, or an associated cofactor. The present methods result in alleviating a symptom or delaying disease progression of the condition associated with the thiamine deficiency, the thiamine-dependent enzyme, or the associated cofactor, treatment of the condition associated with the thiamine deficiency, the thiamine-dependent enzyme, or the associated cofactor, and/or alteration of a phenotypic characteristic of the condition associated with the thiamine deficiency, the thiamine-dependent enzyme, or the associated cofactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a concentrate for preparing a drinkable solution, containing an N-(aminoiminomethyl)-2-aminoethanoic acid solution which has an N-(aminoiminomethyl)-2-aminoethanoic acid concentration exceeding the known range.

Abstract: A bactericidal and virucidal pharmaceutical composition for use on epithelial tissues such as pulmonary, nasal and oral tissues, which comprises a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in a concentration between 5 and 500 mM and a salt, being the NSAID preferably solubilized in a hypertonic saline solution applicable in therapies for viral infections of the Herpes simplex type. The composition can be used in therapies for herpes simplex viral infections, be used as a bactericidal mouthwash, or be vehiculated to the lung by using a nebuliser, for cystic fibrosis.

Abstract: An antifungal composition and a method of treating a systemic fungal infection are provided herein. The antifungal composition includes a diaryl bishydrazone. The method includes administering a therapeutically effective amount of the diaryl bishydrazone to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for topical or transdermal delivery, for promoting wound healing, reducing scarring, and/or promoting hair growth. Specifically, the present disclosure is directed to a topical arginine silicate formulation that demonstrates surprising improvements in promoting hair growth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of guanidinoacetic acid and a method of treating caudophagia in pigs.

Abstract: Bone mineral content, 25(OH) vitamin D3, or 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 in a companion animal can be improved by adjusting the diet of the animal to increase the amount of a compound which positively or negatively modulates the bone mineral content, 25(OH) vitamin D3, or 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 or adjusting the diet of the animal to decrease the amount of a compound which positively or negatively modulates the bone mineral content, 25(OH) vitamin D3, or 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmaceutically acceptable sodium nitrite and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Also provided herein are methods for determining the total non-volatile organic carbon in a sodium nitrite-containing sample. Further provided herein are methods for producing pharmaceutically acceptable sodium nitrite. Still further provided herein are methods of treatment comprising the administration of pharmaceutically acceptable sodium nitrite.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for increasing sexual desire and pleasure in a mammal are provided. In at least one embodiment, a composition comprising at least (1) damiana (Turnera diffusa) extract, (2) theacrine, (3) ginseng, (4) vitamin C, (5) vitamin B12, (6) saffron, (7) potassium nitrate is provided as an oral dosage unit. The claimed composition provides improved sexual desire and pleasure in female mammals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the treatment of a neurological or movement disorder, e.g., Parkinson's disease, in an individual in need thereof, by parenteral administration of levodopa and a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor (DDCI), such as carbidopa, benserazide or any combination thereof, concomitantly with oral administration of levodopa, a DDCI, such as carbidopa, benserazide, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A drug combination for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis includes chlorogenic acid, vitamin E, vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, and creatine phosphate sodium, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, in which chlorogenic acid, vitamin E, vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, and creatine phosphate sodium are unit preparations having same or different specifications, that are simultaneously or separately administrated. The combination of chlorogenic acid, vitamin E, vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, and creatine phosphate sodium shows a synergistic effect on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, thus provides a combination with excellent therapeutic effect on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which delays the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Abstract: A method for administration of citrulline for the treatment of sickle cell disease and other complications of sickle cell disease thereof.

Abstract: Compositions for neuroprotection and treatment of neurodegeneration and methods of administering same. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or reducing neurodegeneration, such as neurodegeneration caused by Huntington's disease, including administering a daily dose of a composition including an effective amount of creatine hydrochloride to a patient in need thereof. The methods of the present invention allow for lower dosages of supplementation as compared to creatine monohydrate while retaining all of the desired biological effects of creatine supplementation.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating or preventing myopia, or for inhibiting the development of myopia, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of an agent capable of increasing nitric oxide levels in one or more ocular cells or an agent capable of promoting or increasing the expression and/or activity of nNOS in one or more ocular cells. Also provided are methods for inducing or promoting nNOS expression and/or activity in one or more ocular cells, comprising exposing said cells to an effective amount of L-arginine.

Abstract: Antimicrobial silicone-based dressings, such as wound dressings, are disclosed. An example dressing comprises a transparent and self-adhesive gel sheet cured from a liquid containing silicone, the sheet having dispersed therein (i) particulates of a chlorhexidine compound that is not soluble in the liquid; and (ii) at least one other antimicrobial. Methods of making the silicone-based dressings and methods of use are also disclosed.

Abstract: A combination comprising creatine and/or creatinine and/or a derivative thereof, phenoxyethanol and, optionally, glycerol. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: Glycerol may be placed into liquid form and consumed as a pre-workout or pump product to increase hydration during exercise. Liquid-based glycerol products may embrace the hygroscopic properties associated with glycerol by delivering glycerol in a liquid form that is more compatible and complementary to these physical properties. A liquid suspension of a glycerol-based product may overcome the hygroscopic disadvantages experienced with glycerol when provided in a powder form, chiefly poor mixing, instability during storage, shipping or packaging, as well as dosing limitations.

Abstract: Compositions for neuroprotection and treatment of neurodegeneration and methods of administering same. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or reducing neurodegeneration, such as neurodegeneration caused by Huntington's disease, including administering a daily dose of a composition including an effective amount of creatine hydrochloride to a patient in need thereof. The methods of the present invention allow for lower dosages of supplementation as compared to creatine monohydrate while retaining all of the desired biological effects of creatine supplementation.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating a complication associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the method comprising administering an effective amount of a nitric oxide precursor to a subject in need thereof. Methods and compositions for treating vasospasm, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a nitric oxide precursor to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the disinfection of surfaces are provided. The compositions include at least about 40 weight percent of a C1-6 alcohol, and a primary enhancer selected from protein denaturants. The disinfectant composition is characterized by a pH of less than about 3. Broad spectrum efficacy is achieved, and synergistic activity is exhibited against C. difficile spores.

Abstract: Compositions for neuroprotection and treatment of neurodegeneration and methods of administering same. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or reducing neurodegeneration, such as neurodegeneration caused by Huntington's disease, including administering a daily dose of a composition including an effective amount of creatine hydrochloride to a patient in need thereof. The methods of the present invention allow for lower dosages of supplementation as compared to creatine monohydrate while retaining all of the desired biological effects of creatine supplementation.

Abstract: An oral creatine formulation includes soluble creatine and polyethylene glycol, coated with an enteric coating. The most preferred soluble creatine is creatine HCl. The most preferred polyethylene glycols have an average molecular weight of from 3150 to 3685, although for particular formulation formulations and particular uses, the average molecular weight polyethylene glycols may range from 190 to 9000.

Abstract: An oral creatine formulation includes soluble creatine and polyethylene glycol, coated with an enteric coating. The most preferred soluble creatine is creatine HCl. The most preferred polyethylene glycols have an average molecular weight of from 3150 to 3685, although for particular formulation formulations and particular uses, the average molecular weight polyethylene glycols may range from 190 to 9000.

Abstract: Formulations of hydrosoluble stable organic salts including, but not limited to, agmatine orotate, agmatine di-hydrochloride, agmatine phosphate, buffered agmatine or spray dried buffered agmatine base, whether alone or in combination with one another, are provided, as well as methods for making same. These agmatine salts may have improved solubility in aqueous and organic media and may have increased absorbability and/or tissue bioavailability in humans and animals when compared to agmatine sulfate. These formulations may be administered as a means for improving athletic performance, training resistance and/or cognitive function. These formulations also may increase cellular uptake of agmatine in an animal or human.

Abstract: An anti-inflammatory composition for treatment of inflamed joints. This composition includes an alkali buffered creatine and a cetylated fatty acid. The composition can be used for treating inflammation either by oral ingestion or by topical treatment.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating a complication associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the method comprising administering an effective amount of a nitric oxide precursor to a subject in need thereof. Methods and compositions for treating vasospasm, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a nitric oxide precursor to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the disinfection of surfaces are provided. The compositions include at least about 40 weight percent of a C1-6 alcohol, and a primary enhancer selected from protein denaturants. The disinfectant composition is characterized by a pH of less than about 3. Broad spectrum efficacy is achieved, and synergistic activity is exhibited against C. difficile spores.

Abstract: It has been surprisingly discovered that administration of nitrite to subjects causes a reduction in blood pressure and an increase in blood flow to tissues. The effect is particularly beneficial, for example, to tissues in regions of low oxygen tension. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate a subject's blood pressure and blood flow, for example, by the administration of nitrite salts. Provided herein are methods of administering a pharmaceutically-acceptable nitrite salt to a subject, for treating, preventing or ameliorating a condition selected from: (a) ischemia-reperfusion injury (e.g., hepatic or cardiac or brain ischemia-reperfusion injury); (b) pulmonary hypertension (e.g., neonatal pulmonary hypertension); or (c) cerebral artery vasospasm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a formulation comprising whey protein or a hydrolysate of whey protein, which formulation is capable of inhibiting the expression of TNF? in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages in vitro. Also provided are uses of the formulation for attenuating a reduction in muscle function which results from muscle damage and/or for enhancing recovery from muscle damage and/or for enhancing the force generating capacity of muscle and methods of making the formulation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the compounds of formula I or its pharmaceutical acceptable salts, as well as polymorphs, solvates, enantiomers, stereoisomers and hydrates thereof. The pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of compounds of formula I, and methods for the treatment of periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis may be formulated for oral, buccal, rectal, topical, transdermal, transmucosal, intravenous, parenteral administration, syrup, or injection.

Abstract: A novel pharmaceutical formulation includes a four mg per ml (4 mg/mL) Ibuprofen in an aqueous solution of Arginine and Ibuprofen, wherein the molar ratio of Arginine to ibuprofen is more than or equal to 1.000625:1, Tris buffered, isotonic, and adjusted to pH between 7.2-8.5 by addition of 1.0 N HCL, none of the excipients used contains material of animal or human origin. There were no novel excipients used. A method of treating through anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity: fever, pain, dysmenorrhea and inflammatory diseases are also described. It is also used for pericarditis and patent ductus arteriosus (Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)), relieve moderate to severe pain, dental pain and pain after an operation, mild to moderate pain including migraine headache, and for short term treatment of pyrexia in children over one year of age. The formulation is meant to be used as ready to use intravenous infusion.

Abstract: Provided are a tape-type fluorine preparation using a biodegradable polymer and a method of preparing the same, and preferably, a tape-type fluorine preparation which is attached to teeth to gradually release fluorine, thereby maintaining a suitable fluorine concentration in an oral cavity, and self-degraded after a certain amount of time, and a method of preparing the same. The tape-type fluorine preparation includes a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet containing fluorine and capable of being attached to teeth, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet is formed of a biodegradable hydrophilic polymer in an oral cavity to reduce a rate at which the fluorine is released.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aqueous solution of an ibuprofen solubilizing agent and ibuprofen, the ibuprofen solubilizing agent being in an effective amount such that the ibuprofen in the solution remains soluble at concentrations from 100 mg/mL to 5 mg/mL without undergoing a phase transition. The invention further provides a method of treating a condition chosen from pain, inflammation, fever, and/or patent ductus arteriosis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aqueous solution a ibuprofen solubilizing agent and ibuprofen, the ibuprofen solubilizing agent being in an effective amount such that the ibuprofen in the solution remains soluble at concentrations from 100 mg/mL to 5 mg/mL without undergoing a phase transition, as well as a method for manufacturing the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aqueous solution of an ibuprofen solubilizing agent and ibuprofen, the ibuprofen solubilizing agent being in an effective amount such that the ibuprofen in the solution remains soluble at concentrations from 100 mg/mL to 5 mg/mL without undergoing a phase transition. The invention further provides a method of treating a condition chosen from pain, inflammation, fever, and/or patent ductus arteriosis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aqueous solution a ibuprofen solubilizing agent and ibuprofen, the ibuprofen solubilizing agent being in an effective amount such that the ibuprofen in the solution remains soluble at concentrations from 100 mg/mL to 5 mg/mL without undergoing a phase transition, as well as a method for manufacturing the composition.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the treatment of proliferative disorders including proliferative such as breast, uterine cervical, ophthalmic, and pancreatic cancer by the administration of intravenous synthetic curcumin (S-curcumin) are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Provided herein, in part, is a method of treating a neurological or movement disorder in a patient in need thereof, comprising subcutaneously administering to said patient a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising levodopa and optionally carbidopa and optionally entacapone or tolcapone, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein said composition is administered substantially continuously, and compositions that can be used in the disclosed methods.

Abstract: Provided herein, in part, is a method of treating a neurological or movement disorder in a patient in need thereof, comprising subcutaneously administering to said patient a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising levodopa and optionally carbidopa and optionally entacapone or tolcapone, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein said composition is administered substantially continuously, and compositions that can be used in the disclosed methods.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a formulation of branched chain amino acids and arginine for treatment of diseases for which the pathological mechanism includes autophagy. The formulation includes defined ratios of the branched chain amino acids Isoleucine, Leucine, and Valine along with Arginine. These disease indications include congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and ischemia reperfusion injury. Diseases of other organs that involve autophagy are also disclosed. Additionally, methods of using the disclosed formulation to treat these disease indications are provided. The disclosure also describes a kit that includes a lyophilized form of the formulation, a solvent for reconstitution, and instructions directing reconstitution.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising amantadine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more excipients, wherein at least one of the excipients modifies release of amantadine. Methods of administering the same are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising amantadine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more excipients, wherein at least one of the excipients modifies release of amantadine. Methods of administering the same are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of nitrites such as inorganic nitrites, or any pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, and the medical use of these compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions, which can be formulated for oral administration, can provide immediate release or extended release of the nitrite ion (NO2?). The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are useful, for example, for the treatment of chronic tissue ischemia, in particular peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Abstract: An effective dose of intravenous ibuprofen administered every 6 hours in surgery patients is a safe and effective way to reduce both pain and the need for morphine. In preferred embodiments, the administration of intravenous ibuprofen starts with the onset of anesthesia.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating viral disorders via the administration of an inducing agent and an anti-viral agent. In one embodiment, the inducing agent and the anti-viral agent are administered for about five days, and the anti-viral agent is subsequently administered without the inducing agent for an additional period of about sixteen days for a total cycle of about 21 days.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising amantadine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more excipients, wherein at least one of the excipients modifies release of amantadine. Methods of administering the same are also provided.

Abstract: A method of establishing a therapeutic window of wound fluid nitric oxide (WFNO) in the wound of a mammal, the method including: obtaining a wound fluid sample from a mammal; analyzing the WFNO level; determining whether the WFNO is at or below a lower threshold level, or is at or above an upper threshold level; wherein the lower threshold level and upper threshold level define the therapeutic window of WFNO; and treating the mammal with a substance that alters the WFNO level such that the therapeutic window of WFNO in the wound is established.

Abstract: An aqueous oral spray designed to treat mouth guards against bacterial infection comprising: 1. A naturally derived di-basic amino acid derivative, 2. A natural sweetener which inhibits the adhesion of bacteria to the oral cavity and, 3. Optionally a natural flavor and/or natural dye 4. Optionally a mouth guard surface modified to absorb specific components of above oral aqueous solution so as to render mouth guard more effective overtime in inhibiting microorganism growth on surface and in contact with mouth surfaces compared with unmodified mouth guard surface.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a third generation form of creatine, specifically a creatine hydrochloride salt, that drives significant improvements in muscle development and recovery due to its enhanced bio-availability, while causing fewer negative side effects compared to previous forms of creatine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of levodopa and carbidopa. In particular, the invention relates to modified release pharmaceutical compositions of levodopa and carbidopa with at least one organic acidic excipient. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such compositions and use thereof for treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, and n are defined in the detailed description and claims. In particular, the present invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use in the manufacture and delivery of conjugated moieties such as small molecules, peptides, nucleic acids, fluorescent moieties, and polymers which are linked to alpha-V-beta-integrin antagonists to target cells expressing alpha-V-beta-3.

Abstract: Hydroxytyrosol or olive juice containing hydroxytyrosol in combination with at least one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of: creatine, coenzyme Q10, resveratrol, caffeine, carnitine, B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and/or B12) and ginseng (preferably: root) extract. can be used to maintain or increase mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscles, and liver tissue.