Abstract: Methods, compositions and apparatus for localized delivery of compounds are provided. In certain embodiments, radiation force is used to direct carriers to a target site, and additional radiation is used to fragment the localized carriers, releasing associate compounds. Ultrasound radiation is preferred as the source for radiation force and for fragmentation. Also encompassed are embodiments in which targeting and fragmentations are combined with imaging of the treatment site. Alternate embodiments are disclosed in which compounds are locally delivered without use of carriers.

Abstract: A composition which causes adult boring bark beetles to discontinue boring, discontinue laying eggs and become disoriented and bore out of the tree or cease boring altogether and die is described. Additional tests have shown that beetles will not infest a tree which has been treated with the composition. Furthermore, the composition also causes beetle larvae to cease boring and die and also causes egg sacks to shrivel and die.

Abstract: A hair growth applicator system and method includes a squeezable container, an application device, and a cyclopentane heptanoic acid, 2-cycloalkyl or arylalkyl compound represented by the formula: wherein the dashed bonds represent a single or double bond which can be in the cis or trans configuration, A, B, Z, X, R1 and R2 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions useful for treatment of neuropathic pain. In particular, the present invention provides methods of activating gamma-subtype peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR?) to inhibit, relieve, or treat neuropathic pain.

Abstract: A compound comprising a prodrug of a prostaglandin EP4 agonist, wherein said prodrug is an ester, ether, or amide of an amino acid is disclosed herein. Maintenance of the colonic mucosal barrier by method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a prostaglandin EP4 agonist to a colon of a mammal is also disclosed herein. Dosage forms, medicaments, and compositions, related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating post-myocardial infarction damage are herein disclosed. In some embodiments, a carrier with a treatment agent may be fabricated. The carrier can be formulated from a bioerodable, sustained-release substance. The resultant loaded carrier may then be suspended in at least one component of a two-component matrix system for simultaneous delivery to a post-myocardial infarction treatment area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of disorders using anti-progestational agents. More specifically, the present invention relates to the treatment of disorders using low doses of anti-progestational agents. Compared to dosages and lengths of treatment taught by the prior art, the described methods, dosing regimens and medications use effective dosages and lengths of treatment that are lower and/or shorter than previously thought possible.

Abstract: Methods are provided for increasing libido and/or treating erectile dysfunction in a man. The methods include the administration of a formulation testosterone alone, another fast-acting drug to treat erectile dysfunction or a combination of the testosterone and the other drug where at least one is delivered by aersolization. The formulation is preferably aerosolized and inhaled into a patient's lungs where particles of testosterone and/or the fast-acting erectile dysfunction drug deposits on lung tissue and then enter the patient's circulatory system.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a soft gelatin capsule formulation of a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound, which comprises: a soft gelatin capsule shell comprising gelatin and sugar alcohol as a plasticizer, and a mixture comprising a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle which is filled in the shell. By encapsulating the 15-keto-prostaglandin compound in the specified soft gelatin capsule shell, stability of the compound is significantly improved.

Abstract: The field of the present invention relates to improved cosmeceuticals capable of stimulating the growth of hair, e.g., natural eyelashes, in a human subject. More specifically, the present invention relates to delivery devices that provide for effective, targeted application of a therapeutically effective amount of the improved cosmeceuticals. Importantly, the targeted application helps to limit and/or eliminate concerns about the cosmeceutical active ingredient effecting unintended areas of the body.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of misoprostol and an effective amount of an antibiotic. A suitable antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of doxycycline, gentamicin, tobramicin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and metronidazole. Preferred antibiotics are doxycycline and ciprofloxacin. More preferably, the antibiotic is doxycycline. In its second aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for treating periodontal disease in a mammalian patient comprising administering to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of misoprostol and an effective amount of an antibiotic. Typically, the mammalian patient is a human.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of derivatives of E-type prostaglandins as EP2 agonists, in general, and, in particular as ocular hypotensives. The PGE derivatives used in accordance with the invention are represented by the following formula I: wherein the hatched segment represents an ? bonds, the solid triangle represents a ? bond, the wavy segments represent ? or ? bond, dashed lines represent a double bond or a single bond, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halogen radicals, R3 is heteroaryl or a substituted heteroaryl radical, R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical having up to six carbon atoms, or a lower acyl radical having up to six carbon atoms, R is selected from the group consisting of CO2R4, CONR42, CH2OR4, CONR4SO2R4, P(O)(OR4) and wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of H, phenyl and lower alkyl having from one to six carbon atoms and n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4.

Abstract: A single protein which is the substance of the PGE2 synthesis activity in brain soluble fractions of LPS administered rats has been purified and identified. The protein has an activity of synthesizing PGE2 from PGH2, and further, has an activity of synthesizing PGE2 from arachidonic acid in combination with COX.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating or protecting mucosal tissue from damage associated with radiation and/or chemotherapeutic treatment of cancers, by the topical application of amifostine and related compounds. These methods avoid the side effects of systemically applied radio/chemo protectants. The invention is also directed to treatment and prevention of infections associated with mucositis by topical application of amifostine and related compounds.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and a kit for treating a respiratory syncytial virus infection. The method comprises providing an infection modulator, and administering a therapeutically effective amount of the infection modulator, wherein the respiratory syncytial virus infection is suppressed or precluded. The kit for suppressing a respiratory syncytial virus infection comprises an infection modulator, an applicator, and a set of instructions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treatment of a subject having a disease or condition associated with apoptosis, which comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound represented by the following formula (I):

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for treating erectile dysfunction. The methods include the step of placing within the fossa navicularis of the patient an effective erection-inducing amount of a vasoactive prostaglandin composition of a semi-solid consistency. The composition comprises a vasoactive prostaglandin, a penetration enhancer, a shear-thinning polysaccharide, a lipophilic compound, and an acidic buffer system. The penetration enhancer is an alkyl-2-(N-substituted amino)-alkanoate ester, a (N-substituted amino)-alkanol alkanoate, or a mixture of these enhancers. The lipophilic compound may be an aliphatic C1 to C8 alcohol, aliphatic C2 to C30 ester, an aliphatic C8 to C30 ester, or a mixture of these. The composition includes a buffer system providing a buffered pH value for said composition in the range of about 3 to about 7.4.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel use of a prostaglandin compound as a chloride channel opener. According to the instant invention, chloride channels in a mammalian subject can be opened by a prostaglandin compound to facilitate chloride ion transportation.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting lipofibroblast to myofibroblast transdifferentiation in a mammal are disclosed comprising administering a PPAR gamma ligand when said mammal is exposed to a hyperoxic condition.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating drug-induced constipation comprising a step of administering an effective amount of a 15-keto-prostaglaindin compound to a subject suffering from drug-induced constipation or a subject having a strong possibility of suffering from it. According to the present invention, a strong antagonistic action against drug-induced constipation can be obtained without substantially losing the main effect of the drug.

Abstract: This invention relates to biocidal compositions and methods of using same. Also provided is a process for the manufacturing of a biocidal composition in the form of a tablet and a method of using the biocidal compositions for the disinfection of water that may contain microorganisms and biofilms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension or glaucoma which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound which is a EP4 agonist.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for providing a cathartic effect to a patient in need of cathartic induction, which comprises administering to the patient a cathartic-inducing effective amount of halogenated bioactive lipid comprising the following partial structure (I): The method is useful for relieving or preventing constipation, and also for cleansing the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: Therapeutic agents for erectile dysfunction containing as the active ingredient prostaglandin derivatives of formula (I) (wherein, R1 is ethyl or n-2-propenyl.), esters thereof, nontoxic salts thereof, or cyclodextrin clathrate compounds thereof. The compounds of the formula (I) are useful for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising an organic preservative acid and a UV-active indicator substance for preserving wood and for detection of the sufficient preservation of wood.

Abstract: Topical application of a prostaglandin directly to the clitoris is effective for enhancing female sexual desire and responsiveness.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension or glaucoma which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the general formula I; wherein the dashed line indicates the presence or absence of a bond, the hatched wedge indicates the ? (down) configuration, and the solid triangle indicates the ? (up) configuration; B is a single, double, or triple covalent bond; n is 0-6; X is CH2, S or O; Y is any pharmaceutically acceptable salt of CO2H, or CO2R, CONR2, NHCH2CH2OH, N(CH2CH2OH)2, CH2OR, P(O)(OR)2, CONRSO2R, SONR2, or R is H, C1-6 alkyl or C2-6 alkenyl; R2 and R3 are C1-6 linear alkyl which may be the same or different, and may be bonded to each other such that they form a ring incorporating the carbon to which they are commonly attached; R4 is hydrogen, R, C(?O)R, or any group that is easily removed under physiological conditions such that R4 is effectively hydrogen; R5 is hydrogen

Abstract: Compounds of prostaglandin E group (PGE compounds) are stabilized as non-aqueous compositions that include the compound together with a bulking agent that can be a non-aqueous liquid or a solid in a sheet, film or powder form. The composition can optionally include a skin penetration enhancer. A non-aqueous, solid dosage form comprises a PGE compound substantially uniformly distributed in a carrier sheet or film.

Abstract: The pharmaceutical preparation of the invention, which comprises a prostaglandin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an effective ingredient, has an antipruritic effect with fewer side effects. It is particularly effective in controlling the itch sensation accompanying atopic symptoms.

Abstract: The invention shows that 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, coronatine, 6-azido-1-oxo-indanoyl isoleucine and related compounds arrest growth and induce cell death of exponentially proliferating cancer cells and malignant B-cell lymphoma cell lines in a dose dependant manner. It appears that the compounds of the present invention are not toxic to cancer cells but rather irreversibly effect cell growth, differentiation and the interaction between the cancer cell and the extracellular matrix.

Abstract: A method of pharmaceutically managing snoring and impaired breathing is provided. This invention relates to treating snoring, sleep apnea, and other forms of sleep-disordered breathing in those with or without symptoms of or the diagnosis of gastro-intestinal reflux disease (GERD). It comprises administration of a therapeutically effective dose of Prevacid (Lansoprazole) or any other medication that can be used to treat symptoms of hyper-acidity or gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD). The therapeutic medication may be used alone or in combination with other pharmacologic agents or mechanical modalities including but not limited to decongestants, antihistamines or mechanical nasal toilet. It also is of benefit in improving breathing disorders that are present while awake.

Abstract: The instant invention discloses a method for treatment of ocular hypertension and glaucoma, which comprises administrating topically to the eyes of a mammalian subject in need of such treatment more than 5 &mgr;g and less than 50 &mgr;g per eye per administration of 15-keto-prostaglandin compound having a ring structure at the end of the &ohgr; chain. The treatment of the present invention causes substantially no or reduced ophthalmic irritating side effect even in such a high dose.

Abstract: This invention relates to potent selective agonists of the EP4 subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptors, their use or a formulation thereof in the treatment of glaucoma and other conditions that are related to elevated intraocular pressure in the eye of a patient. This invention also relates to the use of such compounds to provide a neuroprotective effect to the eye of mammalian species, particularly humans.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for promoting the recovery of vascular function in erectile dysfunction associated with vasculopathy by administering a composition comprising a vasoactive prostaglandin and a biocompatible polymer. In preferred embodiments, the prostaglandin composition is a topical composition comprising prostaglandin E1, a biocompatible polymer and a penetration enhancer and the topical composition is applied to the meatus at the tip of the penis. In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for increasing microvascular outgrowth at a targeted arterial segment comprising administering a prostaglandin E1 composition to produce an extracellular prostaglandin E1 concentration of about 1 micromolar to about 10 micromolar adjacent to the targeted arterial segment for about four days.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating visual field defects associated with the use of GABAergic drugs in a mammal in need thereof. The method comprises administering an effective amount of a drug that improves retinal perfusion. Novel compositions containing a GABAergic drug and a drug that improves retinal perfusion are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the treatment of premature ejaculation are provided wherein a composition comprising a topical anesthetic, a shear-thinning polymeric thickener, a lipophilic component that is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic C1 to C8 alcohol, an aliphatic C8 to C30 ester, a liquid polyol and a mixture thereof, water and a buffer system that provides a buffered pH value for the composition in the range of about 3 to about 7.4 is administered to the penile meatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods of use for treatment of erectile dysfunction associated with neuropathy related to diabetes, prostatectomy, cysto-prostatectomy, radical cystectomy, abdominoperineal resection of the rectum, cryoablation or radiation therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of irbesartan for the preparation of medicinal products that are useful for preventing or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension or pulmonary hypertension.

Abstract: Peripherally administered Brefeldin A and its analogs and derivatives are used to enhance learning and reverse memory dysfunction through induced long term potentiation in hippocampal issues.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods suitable for ameliorating female sexual dysfunction, and in particular, female sexual arousal disorder. In one embodiment, the invention provides a semisolid composition suitable for topical application comprising: an effective amount of a vasoactive prostaglandin, a polysaccharide thickener, a lipophilic component, and an acidic buffer system.

Abstract: The topical use of HETE compounds to treat ophthalmic inflammatory disorders involving cytokines is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for prophylaxis and treatment of breast cancer involving administration of a therapeutically effective amount of carbetocin and/or other long-acting oxytocin analogues. 1-Butanoic acid-2-(O-methyl-L-tyrosine)-1-carbaoxytocin (carbetocin) and/or other long-acting oxytocin analogues are formulated with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and administered in an amount sufficient to inhibit initiation or growth of breast cancer in the patient. The carbetocin and/or other long-acting oxytocin analogues may also be formulated with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and administered in an amount sufficient to treat, prevent or alleviate the symptoms of a psychiatric disorder in the patient. Carbetocin may be administered prophylactically or to treat existing conditions in patients by a variety of administration modes, including intramuscular, intravenous, intranasal, intrapulmonary, subcutaneous, parenteral, oral, or transdermal delivery methods and formulations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to agents for treating and/or preventing pruritus which comprise, as the active ingredient, the compound with antagonistic activity for EP3 receptor which is one of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes. The compounds with antagonistic activity for EP3 are useful in treating and/or preventing pruritus in diseases with itch, example for, eczema, urticaria, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, lichen planus, rhus dermatitis, biliary obstruction, uremia, lymphoma, leukemia, polycythemia vera, dry skin, or hemodialysis performed in treating renal involvement with chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetes mellitus, nephrosclerosis, cystic kidney or systemic disease, or conjunctivitis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma, using a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound having a ring structure at the end of &ohgr; chain. The method of the present invention induces substantially no hair growth, which is a known side effect of conventional prostaglandin ophthalmic compounds such as latanoprost.

Abstract: The invention provides hops (Humulus lupulus) extracts or derivatives thereof for use in treating a patient prophylactically and/or therapeutically for ulcerogenic-type disorders of the stomach and/or intestines. The ulcerogenic disorders can be of the type chemically induced, environmentally-induced, infection-induced, and/or stress-induced. The invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an active amount of hops extracts or derivatives thereof, in combination with an analgesic compound and/or an anti-inflammatory compound. The invention further provides for use of hops extracts or derivatives thereof, significantly reducing and/or therapeutically treating ulcerogenic-type disorders of the stomach and/or intestines.

Abstract: A method of inducing tolerance to an antigen in a patient, the method comprising administering to the patient a prostaglandin or agonist thereof and a type IV selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor.

Abstract: A method and composition for inhibiting a variety of pain, inflammation, spasm and restenosis processes resulting from cardiovascular or general vascular therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. The composition preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory agents and spasm inhibitory agents. Specific preferred embodiments of the solution of the present invention for use in cardiovascular and general vascular procedures also may include anti-restenosis agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to treat certain ocular complications, comprising the administration of an effective amount of a FAD to a patient in need of such treatment.

Abstract: Disclosed is the surprising discovery that prostanoids function to effectively increase the transport of therapeutic agents into the eye. The invention thus provides new methods, combinations, formulations, compositions and kits for prophylactic and therapeutic intervention in various ocular diseases, disorders and infections and in combined use with surgical intervention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of 8-iso prostaglandins and their derivatives for decreasing intraocular pressure, for example in the treatment of glaucoma It is based, at least in part, on the discovery that 8-iso prostaglandin E2 effectively decreased intraocular pressure by a trabecular meshwork outflow mechanism.