Abstract: A cosmetic process for treating dry skin and/or a dry scalp of non-inflammatory origin, for example, in a menopausal woman, comprising topically applying to the skin and/or the scalp a composition comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, at least one (dihydro)jasmonic acid derivative; novel (dihydro)jasmonic acid derivatives and to the compositions, for example, suitable for topical application to the skin, comprising them.

Abstract: The invention is a method for the treatment of autoimmune disease and cancer comprising the application of vitamin D precursors followed by UVA or UVB or exposure to blue light. The method can also include sequential or concurrent treatment with UVB irradiation and UVA irradiation or exposure to blue light. The invention is the vitamin D precursor compositions used in the invention.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a solid pharmaceutical composition comprising two separate regions,

Abstract: (1S, 3S)-3-Amino-4-difluoromethylene-1-cyclopentanoic acid illustrates a novel class of compounds as potent irreversible inhibitors of &ggr;-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT). The corresponding monofluoro-substituted compounds also are potent time-dependent inhibitors of GABA-AT.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical combinations of a prostaglandin agonist and a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, methods of using such combinations and kits containing such combinations. The pharmaceutical combinations, methods and kits are useful to enhance bone formation in mammals, including humans.

Abstract: It is intended to provide medicines having a higher ocular tension-lowering effect on ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Because of showing an excellent effect of lowering ocular tension, medicines comprising a combination of a prostaglandin compound with an NO-donating compound are useful in treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma.

Abstract: A leukotriene C4 and D4 antagonist is used to treat or inhibit brain inflammation and sepsis by acting to inhibit increased capillary permeability and white blood cell extravasation. Potential candidate compounds can be screened in a non-human mammal before or after administration of an inflammation inducing agent into the subarachnoid space by determining their ability to inhibit increased capillary permeability and white blood cell extravasation.

Abstract: The invention relates to ophthalmological compositions for topical treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension comprising an effective intraocular pressure reducing amount of a prostaglandin derivative of PGA, PGB, PGD, PGE or PGF, in which the omega chain contains a ring structure, in an ophthalmologically compatible carrier. The invention further relates to the preparation of said compositions and their use for treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that PPAR&ggr; is expressed consistently in tissues associated with each of a variety of disease states which result from neoplastic cell proliferation. It has further been discovered that maximal activation of PPAR&ggr; with exogenous ligand promotes terminal differentiation of primary cells which are otherwise subject to neoplastic cell proliferation. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, it has been discovered that RXR-specific ligands are also potent agents for induction of differentiation of cells expressing the PPAR&ggr;/RXR&agr; heterodimer, and that simultaneous treatment of cells subject to neoplastic cell proliferation with a PPAR&ggr;-selective ligand, in combination with an RXR-specific ligand, results in an additive stimulation of differentiation.

Abstract: 11,12-Oxidoarachidonic acid derivatives and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension or glaucoma which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the general formula I; 1

Abstract: An activator of PPAR&ggr; (such as pioglitazone) is useful for the treatment of a condition affecting the skin characterised by disordered fibroblast or myofibroblast function, excessive matrix production, modular fasciitis or Dupuytren's Contracture. The invention is particularly useful for treating keloids and hypertrophic scarring.

Abstract: A natural formulation of compounds that would to modulate inflammation is disclosed. The formulation would also inhibit expression of COX-2, inhibit synthesis of prostaglandins selectively in target cells, and inhibit inflammatory response selectively in target cells. The compositions containing at least one fraction isolated or derived from hops. Other embodiments relate to combinations of components, including at least one fraction isolated or derived from hops, tryptanthrin and conjugates thereof, rosemary, an extract or compound derived from rosemary, a triterpene species, or a diterpene lactone or derivatives or conjugates thereof.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic composition, including docosanoid active agents, which is especially useful in lowering intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma. Improvements in IOP reduction efficacy, preservative efficacy and reduced additive concentrations are achieved by utilizing the disclosed compositions which include a docosanoid active agent (e.g., isopropyl unoprostone), in conjunction with selected non-ionic surfactants, preservatives, and non-ionic tonicity adjusting agents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel use of a chloride channel opener, especially a prostaglandin compound for the treatment of abdominal discomfort. Further disclosed is a novel use of a chloride channel opener, especially a prostaglandin compound for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Abstract: Buccal aerosol sprays or capsules using polar and non-polar solvents have now been developed which provide ondansetron for rapid absorption through the oral mucosa, resulting in fast onset of effect. The buccal polar compositions of the invention comprise formulation I: aqueous polar solvent, ondansetron, and optional flavoring agent; formulation II: aqueous polar solvent, ondansetron, optionally flavoring agent, and propellant; formulation III: non-polar solvent, ondansetron, and optional flavoring agent; formulation IV: non-polar solvent, ondansetron, optional flavoring agent, and propellant; formulation V: a mixture of a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent, ondansetron, and optional flavoring agent; formulation VI: a mixture of a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent, ondansetron, optional flavoring agent, and propellant.

Abstract: Compounds of prostaglandin E group (PGE compounds) are stabilized as non-aqueous compositions that include the compound together with a bulking agent that can be a non-aqueous liquid or a solid in a sheet, film or powder form. The composition can optionally include a skin penetration enhancer. A non-aqueous, solid dosage form comprises a PGE compound substantially uniformly distributed in a carrier sheet or film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of the antiviral activity of exogenous leukotriene B4 (LTB4), variants and derivatives thereof as a therapeutic agent in viral infections caused by human and animal viruses. The present invention also relates to the use of LTB4 as an anti-neoplastic agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of cancers induced by tumor viruses and in other neoplasic diseases. The human and animal viruses are DNA viruses, such as parvoviridae, papovaviridae, adenoviridae, herpesviridae, poxyviridae and hepadnaviridae; RNA viruses, such as picornaviridae, togaviridae, orthomyxoviridae, paramyxoviridae, coronaviridae, reoviridae, and filoviridae in general, and Retroviridae such as HIV-1 and HIV-2.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, Y, (X)o, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provide a method of treating sexual dysfunction in a female, including the vasculogenic symptoms of delayed vaginal engorgement, diminished vaginal lubrication, pain or discomfort with intercourse (dyspareunia), diminished vaginal sensation, diminished vaginal orgasm, diminished clitoral sensation or diminished clitoral orgasm, or of combating vaginal pain by stimulating peripheral pelvic nerve release of nitric oxide (NO). The method comprises administering to a female in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound which acts on a mid-brain pathway to increase blood flow to the ilio-hypogastric-pudendal artery bed and stimulate the release of nitric oxide (NO) from peripheral NANC nerve cells. The preferred compound for the method of this invention is apomorphine or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or pro-drugs.

Abstract: A method of delivering benzindene prostaglandins to a patient by inhalation is discussed. A benzindene prostaglandin known as UT-15 has unexpectedly superior results when administered by inhalation compared to parenterally administered UT-15 in sheep with induced pulmonary hypertension.

Abstract: Ligands for the nuclear hormone receptor PPAR&ggr; significantly reduced the immunological symptoms of allergic asthma in a murine model of this disease. In vitro, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), a PPAR&ggr; ligand, significantly inhibited production of the TH2 type cytokine IL-5 from T cells activated in vitro. More importantly, in a model of allergic asthma, mice treated orally with Ciglitazone had significantly reduced lung inflammation and mucous production following induction of allergic asthma. T cells from Ciglitazone treated mice also produced less IFN&ggr;, IL-4 and IL-2 upon rechallenge in vitro with the model allergen. Our results suggest that ligands for PPAR&ggr; may be effective treatments for asthmatic patients.

Abstract: The treatment and/or prophylactic drugs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) containing compounds(EP1 agonists), which activate EP1 receptor that is subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptor, as an active ingredient. EP1 agonists such as (13E)-(11&agr;, 15S, 17S)-2, 5-ethano-6, 9-dioxo-11, 15-dihydro-17, 20-dimethylprosta-13-enoic acid, PGE1, or PGE2, etc. are useful for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods that employ compounds that can stimulate proliferation of fibroblasts or keratinocytes and/or stimulate production of collagen by fibroblasts. These compositions and methods are useful for treating gum- and skin-related conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition containing, as the active ingredient thereof, a prostaglandin-I2 agonist, therefore providing a remedy or preventive for various disorders resulting from tissue fibrogenesis.

Abstract: A natural formulation of compounds that would to modulate inflammation is disclosed. The formulation would also inhibit expression of COX-2, inhibit synthesis of prostaglandins selectively in target cells, and inhibit inflammatory response selectively in target cells. The compositions containing at least one fraction isolated or derived from hops.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in a patient suffering from a co-morbid condition comprising placing in the fossa navicularis of the patient an erection-inducing amount of a semi-solid vasoactive prostaglandin composition.

Abstract: In the field of treatment of erectile dysfunction there is disclosed a novel therapy in which the actions of an agent or agents, produce a combination of effects to induce effective erection (and avoid priapism) while reducing or entirely avoiding pain. The method taught combines a first action of an agent which is to antagonize a drug-induced pain stimulus within nociceptive nerves of penile tissue with a second action of either the same agent or of a second agent, which enhances, synergistically, smooth muscle relaxation. The synergism allows for at least an equivalent effect of smooth muscle relaxation to be obtained at significantly lower doses of a smooth muscle relaxing agent such as PGE1 which in standard therapy is also in 40-45% of cases pain-inducing at doses which achieve effective erection.

Abstract: Improved drug compositions and methods useful in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction. An optimized mixture of the drugs phentolamine mesylate, papaverine hydrochloride, and alprostadil in a buffer containing L-arginine and glycine is to be injected into the penile tissue to produce an erection in otherwise impotent men.

Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension comprising a prostacyclin or a prostacyclin analogue, preferably epoprostenol, and an endothelin receptor antagonist, preferably bosentan. The invention further provides methods for treating a subject suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension using the compositions of the invention. The concomitant administration of prostacyclin or a prostacyclin analogue and an endothelin receptor antagonist not only increases the efficacy compared to administration of each alone but also reduces the side effects associated with prostacyclin or prostacyclin analogues.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension or glaucoma which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound which is a EP4 agonist.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to formulate prostaglandin derivatives which are hardly soluble in water and liable to be adsorbed to a resinous container and prostaglandin derivatives which are liable to decompose when dissolved in water in ophthalmic solutions. Solubility of the prostaglandin derivatives in water is improved and the adsorption thereof to the resinous container can be remarkably inhibited by adding a nonionic surfactant such as polysorbate 80 or polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60 to the ophthalmic solutions. The decomposition of the prostaglandin derivatives can be remarkably inhibited by adding an antioxidant such as disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate or dibutylhydroxytoluene.

Abstract: Methods of increasing testosterone levels using selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) are provided. SPRMs may therefore be used to treat conditions associated with decreased levels of testosterone such as sexual dysfunction, hypogondism, andropause, muscle wasting, and frailty. Compositions comprising SPRMs are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of treating, preventing and/or managing macular degeneration are disclosed. Specific embodiments encompass the administration of a selective cytokine inhibitory drug, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, stereoisomer, clathrate, or prodrug thereof, alone or in combination with a second active agent and/or surgery. Pharmaceutical compositions, single unit dosage forms, and kits suitable for use in methods of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating, preventing and/or managing macular degeneration are disclosed. Specific embodiments encompass the administration of an immunomodulatory compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, stereoisomer, clathrate, or prodrug thereof, alone or in combination with a second active agent and/or surgery. Pharmaceutical compositions, single unit dosage forms, and kits suitable for use in methods of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: Bombesin receptor antagonists have been found to be useful in the treatment of sexual dysfunction in both males and females. They may be selective BB1 antagonists or mixed BB1/BB2 antagonists. Combinations are disclosed of bombesin receptor antagonists with a range of other active compounds, for example PDE5 inhibitors, NEP inhibitors and lasofoxifene.

Abstract: A natural formulation of compounds that would to modulate inflammation is disclosed. The formulation would also inhibit expression of COX-2, inhibit synthesis of prostaglandins selectively in target cells, and inhibit inflammatory response selectively in target cells. The compositions containing at least one fraction isolated or derived from hops. Other embodiments relate to combinations of components, including at least one fraction isolated or derived from hops, tryptanthrin and conjugates thereof, rosemary, an extract or compound derived from rosemary, a triterpene species, or a diterpene lactone or derivatives or conjugates thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma with reduced side effects such as keratoconjunctive disorders and macular edema, which comprises administering an ophthalmic composition comprising latanoprost as an active ingredient thereof to a subject in need of said treatment, wherein the ophthalmic composition contains substantially no benzalkonium chloride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ophthalmic solution comprising a prostaglandin compound and viscosity-increasing compound. The ophthalmic solution of the invention can provide elongated duration of the effect when administrated topically to the eyes of a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to therapeutically active novel spiro[2,4]heptane amino carboxy compounds and derivatives thereof. Also provided is a method of preparing compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The novel compounds act as modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptors and, as such, are useful in treating diseases of the central nervous system related to the metabotropic glutamate receptor system.

Abstract: Disclosed is the use of cloprostenol and fluprostenol analogues in combination with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension and ophthalmic compositions therefor.

Abstract: Medicinal compositions which contain Diclofenac or the nontoxic salt and Ornoprostil. The medicinal composition comprising the combination of the Diclofenac or the nontoxic salt and Ornoprostil can be expect on the immediate effect compared with commercial Diclofenac tablets and Arthrotec tablets, has only a little side reaction (especially, gastrointestinal ulcer, diarrhoea/vomitus, and nephropathy), and excellent antipyretic, paregoric, and antiinflammatory effect.

Abstract: The invention relates to 7-[5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyhydrocarbyl or heteroatom-substituted hydroxy hydrocarbyl)-3-hydroxy-cyclopentyl(enyl)] heptanoic or heptenoic acids and derivatives of said acids, wherein one or more of said hydroxy groups are replaced by an ether group. The compounds of the present invention are potent ocular hypotensives, and are particularly suitable for the management of glaucoma.

Abstract: Buccal aerosol sprays or capsule using polar and non-polar solvent have now been developed which provide biologically active compounds for rapid absorption through the oral mucosa, resulting in fast onset of effect. The buccal polar compositions of the invention comprises formulation I: polar solvent 37-98.58%, active compound 0.005-55%, optionally containing flavoring agent 0.1-10%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation containing at least one compound of formula (1) wherein R1, R2, and X have the same meaning as cited in claim 1, and the physiologically acceptable salts thereof and/or solvates and a) at least one antithrombotic or b) at least one calcium antagonist or c) at least one prostaglandin or prostaglandin derivative for producing a medicament for treating angina, high blood pressure, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary heart disease, right ventricular failure, atheriosclerosis, permeability conditions of reduced cardiovascular patency, peripheral vascular illnesses, cerebral apoplexy, bronchitis, allergic asthma, chronic asthma, allergic rhinitis, glaucoma, irritable bowel syndrome, tumours, kidney failure, cirrhosis of the liver and for treating female sexual problems.

Abstract: Therapeutic agents for erectile dysfunction containing as the active ingredient prostaglandin derivatives of formula (I) (wherein symbols have the same meanings as described in the description), nontoxic salts thereof, or cyclodextrin clathrate compounds thereof.

Abstract: The impact of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and aspirin-triggered-lipoxins (ATL) was investigated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF&agr;)-initiated neutrophil (PMN) responses in vitro and in vivo using metabolically stable LX analogs. At concentrations as low as 1-10 nM, the LXA4 and ATL analogs each inhibited TNF&agr;-stimulated superoxide anion generation and IL-1&bgr; release by human PMN.

Abstract: Methods and formulations for treating dyspareunia are provided. A pharmaceutical composition formulated so as to contain a therapeutically effective amount of nitroglycerin is administered to the vagina or vulvar area of the individual undergoing treatment. Preferred formulations are immediate release formulations in which at least 80% of the nitroglycerin in the formulation is released therefrom within 4 hours following administration. The formulations may contain one or more additional active agents, e.g., agents that are also useful to treat dyspareunia and/or potentiate the action of nitroglycerin. Such additional agents include vasoactive agents such as prostaglandins, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, androgens such as testosterone, estrogens such as estradiol, and selective modulators of estrogen and androgen receptors. A kit for a patient to use in the self-administration of the formulation is also provided.

Abstract: A method for preventing adverse effects associated with the use of a medical device in a patient by introducing into the patient a device of which at least a portion includes a prophylactic or therapeutic amount of a nitric oxide adduct. The nitric oxide adduct can be present in a matrix coating on a surface of the medical device; can be coated per se on a surface of the medical device; can be directly or indirectly bound to reactive sites on a surface of the medical device; or at least a portion of the medical device can be formed of a material, such as a polymer, which includes the nitric oxide adduct. Also disclosed is a method for preventing adverse effects associated with the use of a medical device in a patient by introducing the device during a medical procedure and before or during said procedure locally administering a nitric oxide adduct to the site of contact of said device with any internal tissue.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for enhancing a cytocidal immune response directed against a preselected cell-type in a mammal. The methods and compositions rely on a combination of an antibody-cytokine immunoconjugate and an prostaglandin inhibitor. Once administered to the mammal, the immunoconjugate induces an immune response against the preselected cell-type, for example, a cancer cell which, as a result of immunopotentiation via the prostaglandin inhibitor, is greater than the immune response induced by the immunoconjugate alone. The methods and compositions are particularly useful at killing solid tumors or virally-infected cells in a mammal.