Abstract: The invention provides a method of improving the digestion of wood chips into pulp. The method involves: adding a cross-linked glycerol-based polymer additive to a solution used in the digestion process. This additive is unexpectedly effective at facilitating digestion. The branched and ether structure of the additive allows it to withstand the harsh nature of a high stress environment. In addition, it is more soluble in the harsh condition than other surfactants. The structure, resistance, and particular balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, causes the additive to increases the interaction between the wood chips and the digestion chemicals. This in turn reduces the costs, the amount of additive needed, and the amount of reject wood chunks that result from the digestion process.
Abstract: The invention relates to the use of alkoxylated crosslinked polyglycerols for demulsifying oil/water emulsions in amounts of from 0.0001 to 5% by weight, based on the oil content of the emulsion to be demulsified. The alkoxylated crosslinked polyglycerols of the invention is crosslinked with multifunctional electrophilic compounds having a molecular weight of from 1000 to 100 000 units and which comprise 5 to 100 glycerol units which are alkoxylated with C2-C4-alkylene oxide groups or a mixture of such alkylene oxide groups so that the crosslinked alkoxylated polyglycerols have a degree of alkoxylation of from 1 to 100 alkylene oxide units per free OH group.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 25, 2004
Date of Patent:
March 2, 2010
Assignee:
Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH
Inventors:
Dirk Leinweber, Franz-Xaver Scherl, Elisabeth Wasmund, Heidi Rausch
Abstract: Resins obtainable from compounds of formula 1
in which the substituents R2 and HNR1 can be in the ortho, meta or para position relative to one another, and
R1 has the same meaning as R2, or has the meaning —COR2, where R1 is independent of R2,
R2 is C1-C30-alkyl, C2-C30-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl, C7-C30-alkylaryl, by the steps, which can be carried out in any order, of
A) reaction with an aldehyde of the formula 2
R3—CHO (2),
wherein R3 is H, C1-C30-alkyl, C2-C30-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl or C7-C30-alkylaryl, and
B) alkoxylation with a C2-C4-alkylene oxide in molar excess, such that the resulting alkoxylate has a degree of alkoxylation of from 1 to 100 alkylene oxide units per —NH group,
and the resin has a molecular weight of from 250 to 100,000 units, and their use as emulsion breakers.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 14, 2000
Date of Patent:
March 9, 2004
Assignee:
Clariant GmbH
Inventors:
Frank Holtrup, Tanja Schönstetter, Heidi Grundner
Abstract: Resins useful in methods of breaking oil-water emulsions. The resins obtained by reacting a compound of formula 1 with an aldehyde and alkoxylating, in any order:
wherein X is —NHR1; —COOH; or —CONHR2; and
is ortho—, meta— or para— to X and is a radical of —O—R3; —C(O)R4; —OC(O)R5; —NR6R7; wherein R1-R7 values are defined herein.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 14, 2002
Date of Patent:
November 11, 2003
Assignee:
Clariant GmbH
Inventors:
Frank Holtrup, Elisabeth Wasmund, Wolfram Baumgärtner, Michael Feustel
Abstract: Water-in-Oil emulsions are demulsified using adducts of a) polyalkylene glycols (PAGS) having a molecular weight greater than 6,500 and up to 60,000, ethylene oxide (EO), and diisocyanates (DIs) or b) polyalkylene glycols (PAGs) having a molecular weight greater than 6,500 and up to 60,000 and diisocyanates (DIs). The preferred PAG is polypropylene glycol and the preferred DIs are meta or para tetramethylxylene diisocyanate and toluene diisocyanate.
Abstract: A method is provided for preparing preceramic polymers and and silicious ceramic materials which derive therefrom. The preceramic polymers are polysiloxanes which are synthesized by catalytically activating Si--H bonds in a hydridosiloxane starting material and replacing the activated hydrogen atoms with non-hydrogen substituents. These preceramic polysiloxanes are pyrolyzed in a selected atmosphere to give the desired ceramic product. Ceramic products which may be prepared by this technique include silica, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbide, and metal silicates.