Abstract: A roofing shingle includes organic, resinous material and an inorganic filler material, the single having a top surface, two side surfaces, an upper end, and a lower or butt end, defining a cavity on the underside of the shingle, with ribs positioned within the cavity. When applied to a roof, the shingle has the appearance of wooden shake shingle and provides a Class A fire barrier when tested according to ASTM test E108-93 for flame spread, burning brand and intermittent flame.

Abstract: A laminated roofing shingle having staggered shadow lines comprises an underlay and an overlay attached to an underside of the overlay. The overlay has a plurality of spaced-apart tabs. An opening is defined between each one of the tabs. Portions of the underlay are exposed through the openings between the tabs. A layer of granules is disposed on the tabs and the underlay. The layer of granules on a lower portion of the overlay and on an upper portion of the overlay are substantially uniform in color and darker in color than the granules the remainder of the tabs and the underlay. The darker layers of granules produce staggered shadow lines which enhance the three-dimensional appearance of a roof surface upon which the shingles are applied.

Abstract: An assembly including rolled shingle roofing material that can be easily installed on a roof and a special handling tool. The tool reduces the strain of carrying the roofing material and of raising to the roof. The roofing material includes a membrane attached by pressure-sensitive adhesive to a plurality of standard flat roofing shingles so as to create a continuous array of shingles which can be formed into a roll or rolled onto a spool. This membrane also serves as a release sheet to prevent thermally-activated adhesive present on the shingles from causing them to stick together in the roll. Alternately, roofing material pre-cut with slots to resemble shingles is rolled together with a release sheet placed on the bottom of the material so as to isolate a thermally-activated adhesive applied thereto from other surfaces. In the assembly, either type of roofing material can be used with the special handling tool.

Abstract: An artificial shake type shingle is comprised of a molded composite of wood or cellulose particles and ground-up recycled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles. The PVC particles are preferably formed from recycled water or garden hose, preferably those with reinforcing fibers therein, which composition helps to attain a strong building material product.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for making a multi-layer shingle by cutting an anterior layer of shingle material to have a headlap area and a tab area, and with a plurality of tabs being present in the tab area, separated by slotted openings. The tab area of the anterior shingle layer has a predetermined design that has a repeatability in the longitudinal direction, or from one edge of a shingle to another in the right-to-left direction, which repeatability is a function of the length of the shingle between said left and right edges, as well as being a function of the number of tabs in the anterior shingle layer, with the repeatability being smaller or greater than the length of the shingle in the longitudinal direction. Thereby, the apparatus produces an ornamental appearance that has a random, natural-looking effect when the shingles are laid up on a roof.

Abstract: A multi-layer shingle is made by cutting an anterior layer of shingle material to have a headlap area and a tab area, and with a plurality of tabs being present in the tab area, separated by slotted openings. The tab area of the anterior layer has a predetermined design that has a repeatability in the longitudinal direction, or from one edge of a shingle to another in the right-to-left direction, which repeatability is a function of the length of the shingle between said left and right edges, as well as being a function of the number of tabs in the shingle's anterior layer, with the repeatability being smaller or greater than the length of the shingle in the longitudinal direction. Thereby, an ornamental appearance is provided that has a random, natural-looking effect when the shingles are laid up on a roof.

Abstract: A shingle and a method of applying the same to a roof is disclosed, in which the shingles are wind-resistant, opposing being torn from a roof by wind or the like. The shingles each include a pair of vertically spaced-apart lines extending horizontally across the lower ends of butt portions of the shingles, with at least a lower-most line being a line of sealant, and defining between the vertically spaced-apart lines a fastener zone, which fastener zone may have fastening spots therein that, in turn, may define a fastening line. When shingles in accordance with this invention are applied to a roof, the line of adhesive connection between tab portions of shingles in an overlying course are secured to lower ends of butt portions of the shingles of a subjacent course, sufficiently low below the tab portions of shingles, as to preclude any significant engagement by wind or the like that may tend to lift the tab portion off the sealant line.

Abstract: A panel configuration and manufacturing technique are disclosed. The panel simulates a number of shingles each having a hollow end portion. Several of these panels may be utilized to provide an exterior building covering. When installed, hollow end portions of adjacent panels overlap to provide a leak resistant, realistic appearing covering. A number of panels may be formed by positioning each of a number of regions of a web of polymeric resin between a mold and a plug. Each of the regions is molded while in a ductile state to form a corresponding one of the multi-shingle panels. An undercut portion is formed in each of the regions during molding to define an end portion of the panel. This formation includes moving the plug relative to the mold. The sheet is cut after molding to separate the panels from the web.

Abstract: A laminated shingle is provided, having lighter and darker granule portions visible from the front, at different planes; the front-most or anterior plane generally having granules of lighter shading and the more rearward or posterior plane generally having darker granules. The darker granules in the more posterior plane are visible from the front of the shingle to provide visually sharp, precise delineation between zones of lighter and darker shading. The shingles may be of multi-layer construction with suitable adhesives securing the layers together. The darker granules may be visible from beneath the lower edge(s) of the anterior shingle, to provide a shadow line effect. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, the darker shingle zones from the more posterior plane may be visible through tab-separating slots of the lighter shaded anterior shingle portion.

Abstract: Siding panel for installation on the walls, soffits or other exposed surfaces of a structure having a nailing hem folded back upon itself to form a lateral edge of the siding panel and terminating in a first lip projecting outwardly from the front side of the siding panel and away from the lateral edge. A U-shaped channel is formed on the front side of the siding panel and is connected to the nailing hem. A U-shaped projection extends along the siding panel and terminates in a second lip projecting away from the back of the siding panel and the U-shaped projection. The U-shaped channel receives a U-shaped projection of an adjacent panel and the first lip engages and interlocks with the second lip of the adjacent panel.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rectangular roofing shingle defined as a shingle unit having front and rear stepped edges and having (a) an undivided headlap portion and (b) a butt portion horizontally divided into at least 4 dissimilarly shaped, space-separated, snaggle-toothed tabs which are integral with, and extend from the bottom portion of said headlap and which are recessed from the side edges of said headlap; said shingle unit, having an overall length in inches approximately equal to from about 9 to about 12 inches multiplied by the number of tabs, is secured to a reinforcement strip which is positioned to underlay said tabs, and from about 0.75 to about 5 inches of said adjoining headlap and which has a length equal to the overall length of the shingle unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a unitary roofing shingle sheet comprising (a) an undivided cop section having an unexposable upper portion and a lower portion carrying a partially exposable horizontal band of distinguishable colors or color patterns and (b) exposable tabs in a butt bottom section depending from the lower boundary of the band in the partially exposable portion of (a); the exposable portions of said shingle being covered with weather resistant granules of distinguishable hues or patterns disposed in discrete exposable areas in the band of section (a) and on each of said tabs so as to provide a distinctive color or pattern for each tab and a contrasting color or color pattern above each tab in the adjoining exposable portion of said band of section (a).

Abstract: Wall siding for installation on the walls of a structure comprising a plurality of panels, each comprising a nailing hem, a flange member, upper and lower declinations being substantially planar and extending downwardly and slightly outwardly from the nailing hem, and a downwardly opening U-shaped channel formed between and interconnecting the flange member and the upper declination. Upper and lower shoulders extend inwardly and substantially horizontally from lower edges of the upper and lower shoulders, respectively. A lip extends upwardly and curves slightly outwardly from an innermost edge of the lower shoulder. An inverted U-shaped projection extends substantially along the length of the upper shoulder and a slot extends from a vertical edge of the siding panel along a portion of the upper shoulder.

Abstract: Sheet metal multiple stepped tile panels are joined to similar roof panels in interlocking relationship. On one edge running the length of the panel is a single female groove while the opposite edge of the panel has a plurality of male members which can engage the single groove of a similarly shaped panel. The stepped panel is quite long compared to its width. Hidden screws in a securing flange join the panel to a roof.

Abstract: A roofing shingle having a series of closely adjacent areas of granules, the areas being of differing colors. To achieve a sharp visual demarcation between the adjacent areas, narrow slots are formed in the transition areas between adjacent areas of granules. The slots extend substantially the entire height of the portion of the shingle which will be exposed when the shingle is mounted on a roof. Preferably the headlap area of each shingle is coated with dark colored granules which will show through the slots when the shingles are installed, to accentuate the visual demarcation between adjacent differently colored areas of granules.

Abstract: A laminated shingle is provided, having lighter and darker granule portions visible from the front, at different planes; the front-most or anterior plane generally having granules of lighter shading and the more rearward or posterior plane generally having darker granules. The darker granules in the more posterior plane are visible from the front of the shingle to provide visually sharp, precise delineation between zones of lighter and darker shading. The shingles may be of multi-layer construction with suitable adhesives securing the layers together. The darker granules may be visible from beneath the lower edge(s) of the anterior shingle, to provide a shadow line effect. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, the darker shingle zones from the more posterior plane may be visible through tab-separating slots of the lighter shaded anterior shingle portion.

Abstract: A synthetic slate roofing member composed of solid surfacing material and configured to realistically resemble the appearance and texture of natural slate while being lighter in weight, more durable and less costly than natural slate. The solid surfacing material preferably incorporates various additives and fillers to enhance the physical properties and appearance of the member.

Abstract: A molded cladded panel comprises on the underside thereof a bearing surface formation for bearing on an underlying support surface and latches for latching the panel to an underlying support surface, the panel having a profile configured to provide a desired appearance rising above the bearing surface formation, a nib formed on the profile for interfitting with adjoining panels whether in end-to-end or side-by-side relation, and a latched keeper member for latching engagement with the panel latches.

Abstract: A roof includes a roof deck and a plurality of roofing shingles where the roofing shingles have the appearance of a wooden shake shingle and comprise organic, resinous material in, preferably a plastic material, an amount within the range of from about 16 to about 24 percent by weight, and a filler material in an amount within the range of from about 76 to about 84 percent by weight. The roof provides a Class A fire barrier when tested according to ASTM test E108-93 for flame spread, burning brand and intermittent flame.

Abstract: A roof tile formed of a sheet metal, preferably steel, in which the sheet material tile is strengthened by integral flanges (11) raised bosses (14) and depressions (15). The raised bosses (14) in use act as supports between one tile and an overlapping portion of another tile.

Abstract: A shingle is formed with a first, or trailing, side edge folded over toward the top surface of the shingle to catch moisture and direct it down to the top surface of the next lower shingle. A second, or leading, side edge of the shingle is not folded. An "S" shaped fold, spaced apart from the trailing edge fold, receives the unfolded leading edge of an adjacent shingle. The trailing edge and S fold form a gutter under the leading edge of the adjacent shingle. The top edge of the shingle is folded-over toward the top surface of the shingle for engagement with the folded-under lower edge of the next higher shingle. The folded-over top edge extends to the right or leading edge of the shingle and slides under the left edge of the folded-over top edge of the next adjacent shingle to the fight side. The folded-under lower edge extends along the lower edge of the shingle but leaves a gap relative to the folded-under lower edge of the lateral adjacent shingle.

Abstract: An advanced, lightweight composite roofing shingle specifically designed to prevent hail damage and high wind uplift. The inventive laminate includes a conventional random fiberglass mat (20) used for shingle stability, sandwiched by an upper ply of Kevlar fabric (28) selected for high impact resistance, and a bottom ply of E-glass fabric (24) or similar type oriented for exceptional bending resistance. The fibrous materials are saturated or coated, and bonded with a suitable matrix such as roofing asphalt. Design flexibility, inherent in the novel roofing shingle concept, allows the material properties to be optimized for cost and performance based on weather requirements in various geographical regions of the country.

Abstract: Trim bands and a trim band system for custom fitting siding is presented. The trim bands include a base band, a frieze band, a mid band, and an inside corner band which function to retain the rough edges of siding panels without exposing channels thereby providing a custom fit and enhanced aesthetic appearance. The trim bands are one piece continuous members which comprise varying numbers of portions which depend on the structural area of the building for which the trim bands are designed. The trim band system includes securing a plurality of trim bands to the exterior surface of a building followed by the placement and attachment of siding panels in conjunction with the trim bands to conceal all exposed edges of the siding panels without exposing channels or troughs formed within the trim bands.

Abstract: A wall covering comprising a plurality of plastic molded panels each having a relatively thin body portion formed with rows of simulated building elements. The panels are mounted on a support surface in a plurality of horizontal courses with a side marginal edge region of one panel overlapping and sealingly engaging an underlying side marginal edge region of the adjacent panel and a lower marginal region of a panel in one course overlying an upper marginal region of a panel in a lower course. Each panel is provided with frangible locating means for positively locating an interlock lip of the overlying panel in predetermined engaged relation with interlock flanges of an underlying panel. The interlock flanges of the panels are provided with reinforcement ribs to prevent breakage when the panels are exposed to weather extremes and undergo thermal expansion or contraction. Finally, each panel is provided with side interlock means which enhance the panel's resistance to buckling during installation and use.

Abstract: Roofing components and method for roofs includes a flexible base and one or more ranks of integrally formed thin blades, vanes or fins extending outwardly from the base. The blades, fins or vanes are spaced substantially parallel to each other and overlap to shadow lower elements and to provide air circulation and between blades, which are designed to sluff-off heat and impede thermal energy being transmitted to the roof. The blades, fins or vanes are flexible and resilient so as to absorb the impact of falling material (limbs, etc.). One edge portion of the base is free of blades to provide an overlapped area for installation on a pitched roof. Various overlapping and interlocking arrangements are disclosed for sealing purposes.

Abstract: A roofing shingle is provided for shingling a roof with overlapped shingles, wherein the exposed portion of the shingle is selected to be of a height in the installed condition relative to the overall height of the shingle that enhances material utilization, to be at least approximately 44.4% efficient. This is accomplished by using an exposure height of 8 inches relative to an overall shingle height of 18 inches. The shingles are preferably constructed to have either 3 or 4 tabs, thereby having a ratio of exposure height to tab width of either 0.667 or 0.889, respectively. A larger exposure allows one to obtain 200 shingles for each 300 lineal feet of sheet shingle material, when the shingles have 18 inch overall height, and further allows an overall saving in the number of nails required to install a roof. The invention also contemplates variations in tab width within a given shingle and variations in number of tabs from about one to nine tabs in a given shingle.

Abstract: A decorative shingle has a first element including a reinforcing web, a first asphaltic binder, and a first adherent surfacing material. A second element including discontinuous sections is overlaid on the first element. The second element includes a layer of a second asphaltic binder and a second adherent surfacing material to provide a decorative effect. The second asphaltic binder has greater elongation at low temperature than the first asphaltic binder, providing greater resistance to environmental stresses.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition ridge or hip covering which creates an appearance similar to that of a wood shake or slate roof. The covering may be easily installed, requires no trimming or folding during installation and may be manufactured with no significant waste of starting material. The covering is accomplished by forming an unfolded sheet of roofing material into a fish-like shape having three distinct portions: a front portion, a body (middle) portion and an end portion. Each portion is tapered and each portion has a specially defined length and taper angle depending upon the shape of the shingle desired. Two thickened multilayers are formed in the body portion by folding the unfolded sheet, one being at the wide end edge of the shingle and the other in the main part of the body portion. The taper angles and lengths of the front portion and end portion are essentially the same.

Abstract: A vinyl shake for being affixed to an exterior wall of a building is disclosed. The shake comprises a textured sheet having an upper flanged portion and a lower flanged portion, the upper flanged portion being bent downwardly on one side of the textured sheet, the lower flanged portion being bent upwardly on the reverse side of the textured sheet, the upper flanged portion including at least one opening formed therein, the textured sheet including at least one opening formed therein and aligned coaxially with the opening formed in the upper flanged portion, the upper flanged portion including a lip laterally coextensive therewith and extending downwardly below and beyond the coaxially aligned openings formed in the upper flanged portion and textured sheet.The forgoing abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed, nor is it intended to be limited as to the scope in any way.

Abstract: Roofing components and method for pitched roofs includes a flexible base and one or more ranks of integrally formed thin blades, vanes or fins extending outwardly from the base. The blades, fins or vanes are spaced substantially parallel to each other and overlap to shadow lower elements and to provide air circulation and between blades, which are designed to sluff-off heat and impede thermal energy being transmitted to the roof. The blades, fins or vanes are flexible and resilient so as to absorb the impact of falling material (limbs, etc.). One edge portion of the base is free of blades to provide an overlapped area for installation on a pitched roof. Various overlapping and interlocking arrangements are disclosed for sealing purposes.

Abstract: A laminated shingle is provided, having lighter and darker granule portions visible from the front, at different planes; the front-most or anterior plane generally having granules of lighter shading and the more rearward or posterior plane generally having darker granules. The darker granules in the more posterior plane are visible from the front of the shingle to provide visually sharp, precise delineation between zones of lighter and darker shading. The shingles may be of multi-layer construction with suitable adhesives securing the layers together. The darker granules may be visible from beneath the lower edge(s) of the anterior shingle, to provide a shadow line effect. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, the darker shingle zones from the more posterior plane may be visible through tab-separating slots of the lighter shaded anterior shingle portion.

Abstract: A concrete tile of integral, one-piece construction has left side and right side portions of different coloring which extends through the entire thickness of the relatively thin, generally planar tile. An upper surface of the tile has a groove therein which separates the differently colored left side and right side portions. The left and right side portions have different lengths, providing the tile with a stepped front edge. A method of making the tile dispenses wet concrete having two different colors into a partitioned pug box for disposition onto opposite sides of a pallet, so that the two different colors reside on opposite sides of the pallet in side-by-side relation. The wet concrete is metered and compressed by a roller and shaped by a slipper to provide the concrete tile with a desired cross-sectional shape, following which the concrete is then chopped by a knife assembly to form the individual tiles with desired edge configurations.

Abstract: A roofing shingle is provided for shingling a roof with overlapped shingles, wherein the exposed portion of the shingle is selected to be of a height in the installed condition relative to the overall height of the shingle that enhances material utilization, to be at least approximately 44.4% efficient. This is accomplished by using an exposure height of 8 inches relative to an overall shingle height of 18 inches. The shingles are preferably constructed to have either 3 or 4 tabs, thereby having a ratio of exposure height to tab width of either 0.667 or 0.889, respectively. A larger exposure allows one to obtain 200 shingles for each 300 lineal feet of sheet shingle material, when the shingles have 18 inch overall height, and further allows an overall saving in the number of nails required to install a roof. The invention also contemplates variations in tab width within a given shingle and variations in number of tabs from about one to nine tabs in a given shingle.

Abstract: A ridge shingle unit is disclosed which provides for multilayer coverage of a ridge or hip of a structure. A single sheet of roofing material is cut to a shape having end portions, tapered portions, and a center portion. The sheet is folded back on itself three times in the center portion to provide a multilayered, folded ridge shingle unit. The ridge shingle units are then applied overlappingly to the ridge or hip of a structure.

Abstract: A ridge cover is formed of inorganic (glass) felt-like sheet material fill-coated with an asphaltic material modified to improve its flexibility. The sheet material is repeatedly back bent upon itself to provide a thickened portion for the ridge cover. The flexible asphaltic material surprisingly allows such back bending of the sheet material substantially without fracture of the glass fibers of the inorganic felt at the bends.

Abstract: A decorative shingle has a first element including a reinforcing web, a first asphaltic binder, and a first adherent surfacing material. A second element including discontinuous sections is overlaid on the first element. The second element includes a layer of a second asphaltic binder and a second adherent surfacing material to provide a decorative effect. The second asphaltic binder has greater elongation at low temperature than the first asphaltic binder, providing greater resistance to environmental stresses.

Abstract: Roofing components and method for pitched roofs includes a flexible base and one or more ranks of integrally formed thin blades, vanes or fins extending outwardly from the base. The blades, fins or vanes are spaced substantially parallel to each other and overlap to shadow lower elements and to provide air circulation and between blades, which are designed to sluff-off heat and impede thermal energy being transmitted to the roof. The blades, fins or vanes are flexible and resilient so as to absorb the impact of falling material (limbs, etc.). One edge portion of the base is free of blades to provide an overlapped area for installation on a pitched roof. Various overlapping and interlocking arrangements are disclosed for sealing purposes.

Abstract: A flatly shaped roof covering element (1) comprising a plurality of plastic stalks (2) being arranged approximately parallel adjacent to each other and one above the other, their upper end regions (21) being joined together by heat bonding, the stalks (2) having irregular lengths and being irregularly shaped at their free ends (22), and having a helical cross-section, wherein the roof covering element (1) comprises a layer of paper (3, 3') on both sides of the bonded upper region (21) of the stalks (2), the paper being bonded thereto, wherein the bonded upper region is not flat.

Abstract: A series of roofing shingles (200, 240, 260, 280) are disclosed which have multiple tabs across the exposed width of the shingle. A polymer foam layer is bonded to an asphalt shingle material to form the roofing shingle. The polymer foam is thicker at certain of the tabs than others to provide a pleasing layered appearance to the roof. The tabs can also be varied in width and length relative to adjacent tabs.

Abstract: A shingle is provided that is especially adapted for application to hips or ridges of a roof. In a preferred embodiment, the shingle is a laminated multi-layer shingle, adapted to be bent or curled in the installed condition. The shingle layers are connected together in one zone, and are otherwise adapted to slide relative to another as the shingle is bent or curled, yet are adapted to be connected to each other in another zone after being bent or curled. Preferably, such connection is by means of an adhesive, and even more preferably, a release strip is provided between the adhesive in the other zone and an adjacent shingle portion, to permit sliding of the laminated layers relative to each other as they are bent or curled. The release strip that permits the sliding may either be removable or captured between the laminated layers.

Abstract: A wall covering comprising a plurality of plastic molded panels each having a relatively thin body portion formed with rows of simulated shake shingles. The panels are mounted on a support surface, such as a wall or roof, in a plurality of vertically spaced horizontal courses with a lower marginal edge region of the panels in one course overlapping and sealingly engaging the upper marginal edge regions of the panels in the course immediately below and with side marginal edge regions of adjacent panels overlapping in sealing engagement. The side marginal edge regions of each panel are formed with a plurality of vertically spaced integrally formed hooks depending from the underside thereof for snap action insertion through respective hook receiving apertures formed in the underlying side marginal edge region of the adjacent panel for maintaining the overlapping marginal edge regions of the panels in engaged relation.

Abstract: A ridge shingle unit is disclosed which provides for multilayer coverage of a ridge or hip of a structure. A single sheet of roofing material is cut to a shape having end portions, tapered portions, and a center portion. The sheet is folded back on itself three times in the center portion to provide a multilayered, folded ridge shingle unit. The ridge shingle units are then applied overlappingly to the ridge or hip of a structure.

Abstract: Molded exterior building panels formed from thermoplastic material and method of making and installing such panels in aligned relationship on building structures An upper margin of a building panel includes nail slots for fastening to a building An upwardly projecting lip along the top defines an engageable mounting groove behind this lip. A horizontally extending mounting hook on the back of a lower margin of each panel provides for hooking engagement with lip and groove of a next lower installed panel. During installation such hooking engagement advantageously supports the weight of a panel being installed and automatically provides alignment of the panel with the next lower installed panel, thereby freeing an installer from the burden of holding a panel in a desired position at a desired level while driving nails through the nail slots.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for an improved roofing covering for affixing to a roof structure. The apparatus comprises a plurality of rigid base members, each being substantially rectangular and having a first side and a second side and a top end and a bottom end. A groove is disposed on each of the first sides of each of the plurality of base members and a tongue is disposed on each of the second sides of base members. A recess is disposed on each of the bottom ends of the base members and a projection is disposed on each of the top ends of the base members. The base members are affixed to the roof structure. A groove of at least one of the base members engages a tongue of an adjacent base member and a projection of at least one of the base members engages a recess of an adjacent base member.

Abstract: A decorative wall covering and method of installation. The wall covering includes a plurality of identically molded panels each having first and second predetermined laterally spaced vertical cutting lines and being formed with horizontal rows of laterally spaced simulated shake. The first panel of each alternate course in the vertical direction is cut along the first cutting line and the first panel of every other course is cut along the second predetermined cutting line, whereby the lowermost row of simulated shake of the panels of each course are automatically offset from the uppermost row of the panels in the course immediately therebelow.

Abstract: A wall covering comprising a plurality of plastic molded panels each having a relatively thin body portion formed with rows of simulated of shake shingles. The panels are mounted on a support surface, such as a wall or roof, in a plurality of vertically spaced horizontal courses with a lower marginal edge region of the panels in one course overlapping the upper marginal edge regions of the panels in the course immediately below and with side marginal edge regions of adjacent panels also overlapping. The overlapping marginal edge regions each are formed with a plurality of parallel water barrier ridges for impeding movement of water outwardly over the peripheral edges of the underlying marginal edge region, as well as into nail mounting holes. The water barrier ridges are discontinous so as to impede outward water movement, while allowing drainage of water in a downward direction.

Abstract: A shingle system for covering sloping roofs and also capable of being used as wall sidings. The shingles are made of heat-insulating material and each main shingle has at its underface a network of intersecting channels communicating with the channels of adjacent shingles for ventilation of the space between the support surface and the shingles, to prevent water condensation. The shingles are laid in cross-rows and longitudinal rows and have keys to interlock adjacent shingles along both rows. The shingles have water barriers at their top face to prevent wind-swept rainwater from entering the joints between adjacent shingles and from overflowing onto the support surface. Concealed passageways are provided to allow this water to run off the shingles. Ridge shingles and side edge shingles are also provided to prevent rain from reaching the support surface, while permitting air circulation between the shingles and the support surface. A fascia board is also provided for the same purpose.

Abstract: A lap joint structure for adjoining panels of a sheet metal roofing assembly permits shifting of the joint panels longitudinally and transversely with respect to the joint as caused by thermally induced expansion and contraction, as well as providing a securely anchored connection of the panels to the roof substrate. Two adjacent panels are rigidly connected to one another, an underlying cleat is rigidly connected to the roof substrate, and the two joined panels are securely connected to the cleat with clearance allowed for thermally induced movements of the panels across the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a panel for installation with similar adjacent top, bottom and side panels to form a roof having the appearance of a wooden shake roof. The panel has a generally rectangular panel body with an irregular surface of generally trapezoidal shake-like modules of different heights and widths, which surface is symmetrical only about the lateral center line of the panel. The modules at the ends of the panel body are configured to overlap with an end module of an adjacent side panel. The panel also features a nose flange extending downwardly from the front edge of the panel body which is irregularly configured so that the nose flange bottom edge is adapted to abut the panel body of an adjacent bottom panel. A rear upstand extends upwardly from the rear edge of the panel body and is irregularly configured so that the front surface of the rear upstand is adapted to mate with the nose flange rear surface of an adjacent top panel.

Abstract: An interlocking roof tile is formed as a single integral member having at least two tile elements lying in different planes so that a step is formed between them, the tile elements being offset from each other both along a row direction and transverse to a row direction so that one tile element will lie in a row above and laterally offset from the other.