Abstract: The present invention relates to inhibition of high temperature naphthenic acid corrosion occurring in hydrocarbon processing units.

Abstract: The present invention is an aqueous polyurethane resin composition for a flame retardant coated material comprised of an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin obtained by extending a chain of an urethane prepolymer in an aqueous dispersion. The aqueous dispersion of the urethane prepolymer is obtained by reacting (a) a polyisocyanate component with (b) a polyol component which contains a phosphorus-containing polyol compound represented by the following general formula (1) as an essential component then dispersed the obtained prepolymer in the water, wherein a unit corresponding to the compound represented by the said general formula (1) is contained so that the phosphorus content in the urethane resin solid is 0.3 to 5.0 mass percent; R1 in the formula (1) represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m and n represent a number from 1 to 10.

Abstract: There is described an isocyanate-based polymer foam having improved anti-yellowing properties. The foam produced from a formulation comprising an isocyanate, a blowing agent, a first active hydrogen-containing compound and a second active hydrogen-containing compound different than the first active hydrogen-containing compound. The second active hydrogen-containing compound comprises an active hydrogen-containing phosphite compound. A process for producing such a foam is also described.

Abstract: The use of at least one diphosphine of formula (I), wherein X is S or O; n is 0 or 1; R1, R2, R3, R4 are independently C1-C10-alkyl, C1-C10-hydroxyalkyl, C1-C10-alkoxy, C1-C10-hydroxyalkoxy, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkoxy, C6-C10-aryl, C6-C10-aryloxy, C6-C10-aryl-C1-C4-alkyl, C6-C10-aryl-C1-C4-alkoxy, C6-C10-hydroxy-aryl, C6-C10-hydroxy-aryloxy, C1-C10-thioalkyl, C6-C10-thioaryl or C1-C4-thioalkyl-C6-C10-aryl, NR5R6, COR2, COOR5 or CONR5R6; R5, R6 are H, C1-C10-alkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C6-C10-aryl or C6-C10-aryl-C1-C4-alkyl; as a flame retardant in a polyurethane material is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyurethane foam for an automobile steering wheel. More particularly, the present invention relates to polyurethane foam formed by using a predetermined amount of a polyol having various functional groups and OH values and a predetermined amount of isocyanate having a certain function, along with water as a foaming agent, thereby preventing the environmental problems caused by use of the conventional fluorine-based or pentane-based foaming agent and also improving durability such as water resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flame-retardant polyurethane foams which comprise, as flame retardant, halogen-free bisphosphonates free from hydroxy groups.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam can be flame retarded by the incorporation therein of a flame retardant blend that comprises: (a) a non-oligomeric non-halogenated organophosphorus flame retardant (e.g., a phosphate ester) that is adapted for use in a polyurethane foam formulation; and (b) an oligomeric organophosphorus flame retardant (e.g., a phosphate ester) having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%, by weight, and at least three phosphate ester units therein.

Abstract: A flame retardant blend, suitable for incorporation into a polyurethane foam, comprises: an oligomeric organophosphourus flame retardant, preferably an organophosphate, having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%; a benzofuran-2-one stabilizer; and a monomeric phosphate ester containing alkyl and/or haloalkyl groups to act as a solubilizing addtive for the oligomeric organophosphorus flame retardant and benzofuran-2-one stabilizer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam comprising: (i) a polyol component; (ii) a polyisocyanate component; (iii) a halogen-free phosphate ester that meets the following conditions (a) to (d), and that contains at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group: (a) an acid value of 2 KOHmg/g or less, (b) a viscosity of 5 Pa·s or less at 25° C., (c) a hydroxyl value of 5 to 250 KOHmg/g, and (d) a weight average molecular weight of 200 to 2000; (iv) a tertiary amine carboxylate; (v) a silicone foam stabilizer; and (vi) a blowing agent. The composition for flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam of the present invention can give a flexible polyurethane foam that has satisfactory flame retardant properties, as well as excellent properties such as better heat resistance, fogging resistance and scorch resistance and extremely low compression strain.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, pentane-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids are present as flame retardants. The invention further relates to a process for producing halogen-free, pentane-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams, which comprises using oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardants. Finally, the invention also relates to the use of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids of the formula I as halogen-free flame retardants for producing flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, water-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardant. The invention further relates to a process for producing halogen-free, water-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams, which comprises using oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardant. Finally, the invention relates also to the use of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids of the formula I as halogen-free flame retardants for producing flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein a combination of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids and ammonium polyphosphate is present as flame retardant, and to a process for its production. The invention also relates to the use of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids in a mixture with ammonium polyphosphate for producing halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams of this type.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane or urethane modified polyisocyanurate foams having improved flame resistance are disclosed. The foams are prepared from a composition containing (a) an isocyanate, (b) an isocyanate reactive composition, (c) a hydrocarbon/water blowing agent and (d) a phosphorus material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein a combination of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids and ammonium polyphosphate is present as flame retardant, and to a process for its production.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, water-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardant.

Abstract: A flame retardant blend is disclosed that comprises: (a) a monomeric halogenated organic flame retardant that is adapted for use in a polyurethane foam formulation; and (b) an oligomeric organophosphate flame retardant having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%, by weight, and at least three phosphate ester units therein, the amount of (a) in the blend being no less than the amount of (b). It is useful in polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The flameproofed, rigid, isocyanate-based foams, in particular rigid polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams, are produced by reactinga) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates withb) at least one relatively high-molecular-weight compound containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms, and, if desired,c) low-molecular-weight chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents, in the presence ofd) blowing agents,e) catalysts,f) flameproofing agents, and, if desired,g) further auxiliaries and/or additives,wherein the flameproofing agent is a combination of at least one liquid flameproofing agent which is reactive toward isocyanates and at least one solid flameproofing agent.

Abstract: A process for imparting flame retardancy to a polyurethane foam comprising the step of incorporating in said polyurethane foam 0.5-50.0 php of at least one flame-retardant phosphate ester is disclosed. Also disclosed is a flame-retardant polyurethane foam composition which comprises a polyurethane foam and 0.5-50.0 php of at least one flame-retardant phosphate ester, as well as the use of a flame-retardant phosphate ester to impart flame retardancy to a polyurethane foam. An example of such a phosphate ester is resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate). These flame retardants have the advantage that they reduce fogging caused by evaporation of volatile components from polyurethane foam compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of mixtures of oligomeric phosphoric acid esters of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which n is a number from 0 to 8,R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.7 are identical or different and are a halogen-free alkyl or aryl radical or a hydroxyl-containing radical of the formula II and R.sub.4 is a radical of the formula III ##STR2## in which, in the formulae II and III, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical and m is a number from 1 to 4, which comprises reacting, in a first stage, aliphatic or araliphatic alcohols and/or phenols with phosphorus pentoxide (P.sub.4 O.sub.10) in a molar ratio of (2.8 to 6.0):1.0 (alcohol/phenol: P.sub.4 O.sub.10) at a temperature from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the course of 0.5 to 72 hours, a polyphosphoric acid partial ester mixture of the formula V ##STR3## which R.sub.1 ', R.sub.2 ', R.sub.3 ' and R.sub.

Abstract: There is now provided a closed cell rigid polyurethane foam having improved flame resistance by empolying a combination of an organo-phosphorus compound having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogens with a secondary or tertiary mono-halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon having three to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: There is now provided a closed cell rigid polyurethane foam having improved flame resistance by empolying a combination of an organo-phosphorus compound having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogens with a secondary or tertiary mono-halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon having three to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: There is now provided a closed cell rigid polyurethane foam having improved flame resistance by empolying a combination of an organo-phosphorus compound having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogens with a secondary or tertiary mono-halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon having three to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of highly elastic foams of reduced compression hardness and having urethane groups is disclosed, in which the reaction of the polyurethane-forming materials is carried in the presence of 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the polyol, of a compound, which has at least one polyoxyalkylene group and at least one anionic group in the molecule. The use of fluorocarbons to decrease the compression hardness can reduced appreciably by the use of this compound.

Abstract: New particularly effective fire retardent elements based on foams and expandable graphite are characterized in that they additionally contain one or more components from the group consisting of phosphate-containing polyols, borates and amine salts.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing a rigid foam by reacting an active hydrogen compound containing an active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and a polyisocyanate compound in the presence of a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent and an assisting agent such as a catalyst.The active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and other active hydrogen compounds are preferably polyols, particularly polyether polyols respectively.The present invention has solved a problem of deterioration of the physical properties, which is problematic in a case where a rigid foam is produced by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having hydrogen atoms, and is capable of producing a rigid foam equivalent to a conventional rigid foam obtained by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having no hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing particulate polymers. This production method is characterized in that a mixture of an isocyanate compound containing two or more isocyanato groups per molecule and a surfactant containing two or more hydroxyl groups per molecule is emulsified and allowed to cure in a dispersing medium which does not dissolve the isocyanate compound without use of a protective colloid. According to the production method of the invention, there occurs no aggregation of polymer particles during and after the curing reaction.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foam prepared from foam forming compositions of a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate compound, a blowing agent, and a curing agent of a melamine derivative in an amount effective to rapidly cure the resultant foam and improve the compression set properties of the foam, the amount of curing agent generally ranging from about 0.01 up to about 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts polyether polyol. Also, flame retardant polyether polyurethane foam prepared from foam forming components of a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate compound, water, a liquid phosphorus ester in an amount of about 4 to 10 parts by weight and the curing agent in an amount of 0.4 to 2 parts by weight, each based on 100 parts by weight of the polyether polyol in the composition. The most preferred curing agent has the formulaC.sub.3 N.sub.6 (R.sub.2).sub.x (R.sub.1).sub.6-xwherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloaliphatic or aryl moeity having between one and twelve carbon atoms; R.sub.

Abstract: New intumescent materials can be obtained by reacting polyisocyanates with phosphorus-containing condensation products containing at least two hydroxyl groups, and boron oxides and/or dehydration products of boric acid. They may be used for the production of coatings and building elements.

Abstract: Halogen- and/or phosphorus-containing polyols-polyesters obtained by esterification and transesterification of the residues from the process for producing dimethyl terephthalate with a polyol at least 5% by weight of which is constituted by a glycol having the formulaHO--R--OHwherein R is a halogen- and/or phosphorus-containing aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic or alkyl-aromatic radical. Said halogen- and/or phosphorus-containing polyesters-polyols are used for the production of fire-resistant polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A process for preparing hydroxy phosphonic acid ester polyols by reacting an alkenyl phosphonic acid with an alkylene oxide and the reaction of the resulting hydroxy phosphonic acid ester polyols with polyisocyanates to form polyurethanes is described.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for providing a flexible flame retardant polyether polyurethane foam prepared from foam forming components of a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate compound, water, a liquid phosphorus ester in an amount of about 4 to 10 parts by weight and melamine in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight, each based on 100 parts by weight of the polyether polyol in the composition. Between 15 and 500 percent by weight melamine is used to replace a minor portion of the amount of ester (i.e., less than half) which would normally be used to achieve substantially the same degree of flame retardance in the foam.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a polyamideimide semi-flexible foam wherein a foam precursor is first prepared by heating together a mixture of an organic polyisocyanate, an aromatic polycarboxylic compound and a catalyst comprising a cyclic phosphorus compound, optionally in the presence of a surfactant until at least about 45 percent of the theoretical carbon dioxide has been evolved. The solidified precursor is comminuted and then heated to complete the reaction producing polyamideimide foam.

Abstract: Phosphobrominated polyetherpolyols which contain in their molecule oxyalkylene radicals bound to phosphorus atoms in the phosphate or phosphonate state and 1,4-dioxy-2,3-dibromo-2-butylene radicals in which the ratio of the total number of oxyalkylene radicals to the total number of phosphorus atoms is equal to at least 7.These polyetherpolyols can be used as flame-retarding reactive additives in the manufacture of flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foams involving polyetherpolyols, the foams possessing good comfort-conferring properties.

Abstract: Urethane elastomers are prepared which have a percent linear dimensional change after being immersed in water of not greater than 0.80%.

Abstract: A polyol composition comprising(a) a polyether polyol with an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 10,000,(b) an adduct of a carboxylic acid having not less than 8 carbon atoms with ethylene oxide or both ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and(c) a diol with an average molecular weight of 62 to 400, having one or more primary hydroxyl groups;in a ratio of (88 to 98):(2 to 8):(0 to 4) by weight is suitable for the production of flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam and a flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam produced by reacting(i) the above polyol composition with(ii) a polyisocyanatein the presence of(iii) water,(iv) both a foam-setting agent for slab foam and a foam-setting agent for HR foam(v) both a metal-containing catalyst and a tertiary amine catalyst and(vi) a flame retardant comprising a triarylphosphatenot only has an excellent flame retardant effect but also causes no discoloration of the foam-covering material.

Abstract: Polyol blend compositions are provided containing nonionic ethoxylate propoxylate compounds and aromatic ester polyols, especially phthalate polyester polyols, which blends are miscible with fluorocarbon blowing agents. These blends are suitable for reaction with polyfunctional organic isocyanates in the presence of polymerization catalysts to make cellular polyurethanes and polyisocyanurates.

Abstract: Highly flame resistant rigid urethane-isocyanurate foams which meet the German B-1 rating are prepared from compositions containing blowing agent, polyester polyol derived from the residue of dimethyl terephthalate or terephthalic acid production, a phosphorus containing polyol and an isocyanurate catalyst, in which the NCO:OH ratio is 3 to 6.

Abstract: Flame retardant oligomeric phosphate ester compositions having the structural formula: ##STR1## are prepared, wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl or haloalkyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl or haloalkyl and n is an integer from zero to about 10.The method of preparing the compositions comprises reacting P.sub.2 O.sub.5 with a trialkyl or tris(haloalkyl)phosphate in the presence of about 0.01% to about 5% of a phosphite at a temperature from about 0.degree.-200.degree. C. A polyphosphate ester having P--O--P bonds is formed which is then reacted with an epoxide to yield the oligomeric phosphate ester flame retardant compositions.Alternatively, a method of preparing similar compositions comprises reacting P.sub.2 O.sub.5 with a trialkyl or tris (haloalkyl)phosphite at a temperature from about 0.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Hydroxylated lecithins are employed as mold release agents in the preparation of molded articles from polyurethane-forming compositions. Polyol compositions containing such mold release agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel substituted 2-hydroxy-2-phosphinyl ethanals of the general Formula I. ##STR1## to 1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-bisphosphinylethanes of the general Formula II ##STR2## to methods of making the same, to compositions containing compounds of the general Formula I, and/or of the general Formula II, to the use of such compositions to impart flame-resistance to cellulose and cellulose containing materials, to flame-resistant compositions containing compounds of the general Formula II and to the use of the compounds of the general Formula II as metal complexing agents.In the compounds of the Formulas I and II R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different radicals including alkoxy, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl as well as such radicals containing substituents such as halogen, amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, carboxy, carbalkoxy and the like in addition R.sub.1 and/or R.sub.2 may be hydroxy.

Abstract: Flame retardant phosphonate derivatives of polyalkylene polyamines are prepared having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 can be the same or different substituted or nonsubstituted lower alkylene groups of about 2-10 carbons, or aryl groups of about 6-14 carbons; and R.sup.5 can also be haloalkyl of about 1-10 carbons;R.sup.3 can be a lower alkylene radical of about 1-10 carbons;R.sup.4 can be an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl group of about 1-20 carbons;m is a number from 0 to 2;n is a number from 0 to 2;y is a number from 0 to 10; andx can be the same as the (R.sup.5 OH) group or the ##STR2## The preparation involves the condensation of a polyalkylene-polyamine with an aldehyde or ketone and a phosphonate or a phosphite. The condensation product is then reacted with an epoxide to yield the phosphonate derivatives of polyalkylene-polyamines.

Abstract: Polyhydroxyl polyether compounds containing at least one monomeric unit each of the formulae: ##STR1## are disclosed. Polymeric condensation resins are prepared by allowing the polyhydroxyl polyethers to react with polyfunctional chain-forming compounds containing functional groups reactive with the hydroxyl groups of polyhydroxyl polyethers. The polyhydroxyl polyether compounds enhance the flame-retardant properties of polymeric condensation resins such as polyurethanes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of modified polyether polyols by the radical polymerization of a mixture of acrylonitrile, styrene, a salt of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid containing a primary, secondary or tertiary monoamine or polyamine and optionally copolymerizable compounds with a polyether polyol.

Abstract: Bis(2-hydroxyalkyl) N,N-di(lower-alkyl)aminomethylphosphonates are described. These phosphorus-containing polyols can be incorporated into polyurethane foams to render the latter fire retardant. They have the advantage over closely related phosphorus-containing polyols that they are autocatalytic in the polyurethane foam forming reaction and that they can be mixed with the polyol component of the polyurethane foam forming composition to give a mixture (premix) which can be maintained in storage for prolonged periods without showing any signs of deterioration.

Abstract: Phosphorus containing flame retardants are prepared by a two step process having as essential steps:(1) reacting diorgano organophosphonate with reactant comprising phosphorus oxide reagent to yield a metaphosphate/phosphonate reaction product, and thereafter;(2) reacting the reaction product of step (1) with reactant comprising epoxide to yield poly (oxyorganophosphate/phosphonate) product.Selected poly (oxyorganophosphate/phosphonate) products contain a backbone structure of repeating units represented by the average formula: ##STR1## wherein m is an integer from 1 to 50; R, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are individually selected from saturated hydrocarbon radical, alkaryl radical, aralkyl radical, and aryl radical; and R.sub.3 is: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, and R.sub.7 are individually selected from hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon radical, and halogenated hydrocarbon radical.

Abstract: Novel esters of pentavalent phosphorus acid having the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R and R' are haloalkyl containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and from 1 to 6 halogen atoms; n is an integer of from 1 to 3; each X is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or hydroxyl, provided that at least one X is hydroxyl. The above compounds are effective reactive flame retardants in polyurethane and polyester polymeric compositions.