Abstract: The present invention provides dialkyl phosphorus-containing compounds, namely reactive mono-hydroxyl-functional dialkyl phosphinates in a blend with a phosphate compound, said blend serving as highly efficient reactive flame retardant blend in flexible polyurethane foam. The invention further provides fire-retarded polyurethane compositions comprising said the reaction product of the flame retardant blend with polyol and isocyanate foam forming components.

Abstract: Substituted poly(phosphazene) compounds comprising a combination of units having one or more of the structures (i) to (iii) wherein: the combination comprises R1 and R2; each R1, is independently an optionally substituted alkyl- or alkyl ether-based side chain containing an isocyanate-reactive moiety, an epoxide-reactive moiety, an amine-reactive moiety, a supramolecular noncovalent bonding moiety, or combinations thereof; and each R2 is independently an optionally substituted alkyl- or alkyl ether-based side chain containing nitro, nitramine, nitrate ester, azide, an ammonium compound moiety with energetic counter-ion, or combinations thereof. Methods of making the compounds are also described.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a polymer polyol dispersions. The polymer dispersions include a reaction product of a reaction system, where the reaction system includes: at least one polyol, at least one phosphorus based flame retardant having at least one active hydrogen attached to a nitrogen or oxygen atom, at least one of a co-reactant having an equivalent weight of up to 400 and at least one active hydrogen attached to a nitrogen or oxygen atom, at least one catalyst, and at least one polyisocyanate.

Abstract: There is described an isocyanate-based polymer foam having improved anti-yellowing properties. The foam produced from a formulation comprising an isocyanate, a blowing agent, a first active hydrogen-containing compound and a second active hydrogen-containing compound different than the first active hydrogen-containing compound. The second active hydrogen-containing compound comprises an active hydrogen-containing phosphite compound. A process for producing such a foam is also described.

Abstract: The use of at least one diphosphine of formula (I), wherein X is S or O; n is 0 or 1; R1, R2, R3, R4 are independently C1-C10-alkyl, C1-C10-hydroxyalkyl, C1-C10-alkoxy, C1-C10-hydroxyalkoxy, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkoxy, C6-C10-aryl, C6-C10-aryloxy, C6-C10-aryl-C1-C4-alkyl, C6-C10-aryl-C1-C4-alkoxy, C6-C10-hydroxy-aryl, C6-C10-hydroxy-aryloxy, C1-C10-thioalkyl, C6-C10-thioaryl or C1-C4-thioalkyl-C6-C10-aryl, NR5R6, COR2, COOR5 or CONR5R6; R5, R6 are H, C1-C10-alkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C6-C10-aryl or C6-C10-aryl-C1-C4-alkyl; as a flame retardant in a polyurethane material is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyurethane composition including a polyol, a polyisocyanate, a curing catalyst, a crosslinking agent, a foam stabilizer and a blowing agent. The polyurethane composition may be used to manufacture automotive components, and in particular, an automotive seat. An automotive seat manufactured with the disclosed composition provides increased comfort to an occupant, as well as increased reduction of road vibration, thereby improving overall ride comfort.

Abstract: A method of making hydroxymethylphosphonate comprising heating paraformaldehyde in a solvent to a desired reaction temperature, wherein the solvent is present in at least an amount necessary to solvate or suspend the paraformaldehyde; adding at least one alkyl phosphite to the heated paraformaldehyde, to provide hydroxymethylphosphonate, the alkyl phosphite being added to the heated paraformaldehyde at a rate which will avoid or inhibit the production of a significant exotherm and resulting high/significant level of acid by-product(s), there being present in the reaction medium at least one hindered amine catalyst in which the nitrogen in the amine is directly bound to a secondary and/or tertiary carbon of an organic group; and, optionally, following the completion of the addition, heating the reaction mixture to an elevated temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyurethane foam for an automobile steering wheel. More particularly, the present invention relates to polyurethane foam formed by using a predetermined amount of a polyol having various functional groups and OH values and a predetermined amount of isocyanate having a certain function, along with water as a foaming agent, thereby preventing the environmental problems caused by use of the conventional fluorine-based or pentane-based foaming agent and also improving durability such as water resistance.

Abstract: There is described an isocyanate-based polymer foam having improved anti-yellowing properties. The foam produced from a formulation comprising an isocyanate, a blowing agent, a first active hydrogen-containing compound and a second active hydrogen-containing compound different than the first active hydrogen-containing compound. The second active hydrogen-containing compound comprises an active hydrogen-containing phosphite compound. A process for producing such a foam is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flame-retardant polyurethane foams which comprise, as flame retardant, halogen-free bisphosphonates free from hydroxy groups.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam can be flame retarded by the incorporation therein of a flame retardant blend that comprises: (a) a non-oligomeric non-halogenated organophosphorus flame retardant (e.g., a phosphate ester) that is adapted for use in a polyurethane foam formulation; and (b) an oligomeric organophosphorus flame retardant (e.g., a phosphate ester) having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%, by weight, and at least three phosphate ester units therein.

Abstract: A flame retardant blend, suitable for incorporation into a polyurethane foam, comprises: an oligomeric organophosphourus flame retardant, preferably an organophosphate, having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%; a benzofuran-2-one stabilizer; and a monomeric phosphate ester containing alkyl and/or haloalkyl groups to act as a solubilizing addtive for the oligomeric organophosphorus flame retardant and benzofuran-2-one stabilizer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam comprising: (i) a polyol component; (ii) a polyisocyanate component; (iii) a halogen-free phosphate ester that meets the following conditions (a) to (d), and that contains at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group: (a) an acid value of 2 KOHmg/g or less, (b) a viscosity of 5 Pa·s or less at 25° C., (c) a hydroxyl value of 5 to 250 KOHmg/g, and (d) a weight average molecular weight of 200 to 2000; (iv) a tertiary amine carboxylate; (v) a silicone foam stabilizer; and (vi) a blowing agent. The composition for flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam of the present invention can give a flexible polyurethane foam that has satisfactory flame retardant properties, as well as excellent properties such as better heat resistance, fogging resistance and scorch resistance and extremely low compression strain.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate foams are produced by mixing at least one organic isocyanate and at least one polyol in the presence of at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic C4-C7 hydrocarbon having a boiling point of 70° C. or less at 760 millimeters pressure, at least one trimerization catalyst, at least one alkylene glycol ester of tetrabromophthalic anhydride, and at least one phosphorus ester selected from (i) tri(chloroalkyl)phosphate in which each alkyl group has 2 or 3 carbon atoms, (ii) dialkyl alkanephosphonates in which each alkyl group has 1 or 2 carbon atoms and in which the alkane group has 1 or 2 carbon atoms, and (iii) triethylphosphate, and wherein the organic isocyanate and polyol components are proportioned to form a polyisocyanurate having an isocyanate index in the range of about 240 to about 280.

Abstract: A prepolymer composition for producing polyurethane insulating foams with fire-retardant properties from pressure tanks which consists of a prepolymer component with at least one PU prepolymer with a content of NCO groups of 4 to 20 wt % and usual additives, as well as a propellant component, wherein the prepolymer component is substantially halogenfree and has 5 to 40 wt %, based on the prepolymer component, of softening phosphates and/or phosphonates with the formulae O═P(OR3 and O═P(OR)2R.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foams with high aging resistance, which comprise a mixture composed of hydroxyalkyl phosphonates and chlorinated phosphoric esters, and also to a process for preparing these fire-retardant flexible polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A storage-stable moisture-curing one-component fire-retardant polyurethane system, useful as adhesive, sealant or coating material, comprising at least one hydrated mineral having a water-content of less than 0.1% and being treated with a moisture-reactive compound, and at least one binder on isocyanate basis. Such PU-systems preferably further comprise at least one phosphorus-containing compound, most preferably a phosphorus-containing plasticizer, which is preferably halogen-free. The binder on isocyanate basis has preferably an isocyanate content in the range of from 0.01 to 10% by weight referred to the total weight of the system.

Abstract: An inorganic/organic composite foam that has a foam structure obtained from a combination of a phosphoric acid compound and/or a sulfuric acid compound with a blowing agent therefor, has reduced brittleness due to a cured material of an urethane prepolymer having NCO groups, and contains a powdery boric acid compound, and a process for producing the same. The foam is not only reduced in brittleness but also improved in foam strength after combustion due to the incorporation of the powdery boric acid compound while retaining inherent foam properties and inherent low quantities of heat of combustion and smoking in combustion. It is used in exterior wall panels, heat insulating materials, sound insulating materials, fireproof covering materials, lightweight aggregates, filling materials for cavities, and the like, which are required to have fire-proofing performance.

Abstract: The high-durability flexible polyurethane cold cure molded foam of the invention has an overall density of not less than 35 kg/m3 and not more than 45 kg/m3 and a wet heat compression set of not more than 15%, and preferably has a hardness change ratio, as determined in a repeated compression test, of not more than 15%. This foam can be obtained by the process of the invention. The process of the invention is a process for producing a flexible polyurethane cold cure molded foam obtained from a polyol and/or a polymer polyol containing dispersed polymer microparticles obtained by radical polymerizing a compound having an unsaturated bond in the polyol, water, a catalyst and a polyisocyanate, wherein the polyol is a polyol synthesized by the use of a catalyst containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound having a nitrogen-phosphorus double bond, cesium hydroxide and rubidium hydroxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for forming an integrated circuit device comprising (i) a substrate; (ii) metallic circuit lines positioned on the substrate and (iii) a dielectric material positioned on the circuit lines. The dielectric material comprises porous organic polysilica.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having improved flame resistance are disclosed. The foams are prepared from a composition containing (a) an isocyanate, (b) an isocyanate reactive composition containing an aromatic polyester polyol, (c) an organo phosphorus compound and (d) a C1 to C4 hydrofluorocarbon.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having improved flame resistance are disclosed. The foams are prepared from a composition containing (a) an isocyanate, (b) an isocyanate reactive composition containing an aromatic polyester polyol, (c) an organo phosphorus compound and (d) a C1 to C4 hydrofluorocarbon.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane or urethane modified polyisocyanurate foams having improved flame resistance are disclosed. The foams are prepared from a composition containing (a) an isocyanate, (b) an isocyanate reactive composition, (c) a hydrocarbon/water blowing agent and (d) a phosphorus material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein a combination of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids and ammonium polyphosphate is present as flame retardant, and to a process for its production.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, water-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardant.

Abstract: A flame retardant blend is disclosed that comprises: (a) a monomeric halogenated organic flame retardant that is adapted for use in a polyurethane foam formulation; and (b) an oligomeric organophosphate flame retardant having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%, by weight, and at least three phosphate ester units therein, the amount of (a) in the blend being no less than the amount of (b). It is useful in polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ablative fire resistant hydrophilic polyurea foam made from low molecular weight polyols capped with an isocyanate, with the polyol mixture including a fire retardant polyol that preferably includes carborane disilanol, with the fire retardant polyol containing the carborane disilanol imparting superior fire retardancy characteristics. The present invention also relates to a prepolymer for forming the polyurea foam and the present invention especially relates to the use of a carborane disilanol fire retardant polyol. The present invention also relates to a method for forming the polyurea foam and the prepolymer.

Abstract: The flameproofed, rigid, isocyanate-based foams, in particular rigid polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams, are produced by reactinga) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates withb) at least one relatively high-molecular-weight compound containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms, and, if desired,c) low-molecular-weight chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents, in the presence ofd) blowing agents,e) catalysts,f) flameproofing agents, and, if desired,g) further auxiliaries and/or additives,wherein the flameproofing agent is a combination of at least one liquid flameproofing agent which is reactive toward isocyanates and at least one solid flameproofing agent.

Abstract: A process for imparting flame retardancy to a polyurethane foam comprising the step of incorporating in said polyurethane foam 0.5-50.0 php of at least one flame-retardant phosphate ester is disclosed. Also disclosed is a flame-retardant polyurethane foam composition which comprises a polyurethane foam and 0.5-50.0 php of at least one flame-retardant phosphate ester, as well as the use of a flame-retardant phosphate ester to impart flame retardancy to a polyurethane foam. An example of such a phosphate ester is resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate). These flame retardants have the advantage that they reduce fogging caused by evaporation of volatile components from polyurethane foam compositions.

Abstract: Rigid foams which possess urethane groups are prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with compounds which possess at least two active hydrogen atoms which are reactive towards isocyanate groups, in the presence of water and alkanes as blowing agent and solution promoters. The solution promoter used is a compound with a polar group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of mixtures of oligomeric phosphoric acid esters of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which n is a number from 0 to 8,R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.7 are identical or different and are a halogen-free alkyl or aryl radical or a hydroxyl-containing radical of the formula II and R.sub.4 is a radical of the formula III ##STR2## in which, in the formulae II and III, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical and m is a number from 1 to 4, which comprises reacting, in a first stage, aliphatic or araliphatic alcohols and/or phenols with phosphorus pentoxide (P.sub.4 O.sub.10) in a molar ratio of (2.8 to 6.0):1.0 (alcohol/phenol: P.sub.4 O.sub.10) at a temperature from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the course of 0.5 to 72 hours, a polyphosphoric acid partial ester mixture of the formula V ##STR3## which R.sub.1 ', R.sub.2 ', R.sub.3 ' and R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an underlayment composition for an artificial playing surface comprised of a butadiene rubber, such as polybutadiene or styrene-butadiene that is commercially available as recycled polycord tires that have been granulized. An inorganic-base moisture-retaining agent such as vermiculite or perlite is also included in the composition in addition to a binder comprised of a mixture of isocyanate polyurethane and an inorganic acid. The present invention also provides a method of making the present composition. The method comprises the steps of mixing thoroughly granulized particles of butadiene rubber in a mixing container, mixing an inorganic-based moisture-retaining component with the butadiene rubber, mixing an acid having a pH .ltoreq.3 with the butadiene rubber and the inorganic-based moisture-retaining component, and mixing an isocyanate polyurethane with the butadiene rubber, the inorganic-based moisture-retaining component and the acid.

Abstract: There is now provided a closed cell rigid polyurethane foam having improved flame resistance by empolying a combination of an organo-phosphorus compound having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogens with a secondary or tertiary mono-halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon having three to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an underlayment composition for an artificial playing surface comprised of a butadiene rubber, such as polybutadiene or styrene-butadiene that is commercially available as recycled polycord tires that have been granulized. An inorganic-base moisture-retaining agent such as vermiculite or perlite is also included in the composition in addition to a binder comprised of a mixture of isocyanate polyurethane and an inorganic acid. The present invention also provides a method of making the present composition. The method comprises the steps of mixing thoroughly granulized particles of butadiene rubber in a mixing container, mixing an inorganic-based moisture-retaining component with the butadiene rubber, mixing an acid having a pH.ltoreq.3 with the butadiene rubber and the inorganic-based moisture-retaining component, and mixing an isocyanate polyurethane with the butadiene rubber, the inorganic-based moisture-retaining component and the acid.

Abstract: There is now provided a closed cell rigid polyurethane foam having improved flame resistance by empolying a combination of an organo-phosphorus compound having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogens with a secondary or tertiary mono-halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon having three to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: There is now provided a closed cell rigid polyurethane foam having improved flame resistance by empolying a combination of an organo-phosphorus compound having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogens with a secondary or tertiary mono-halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon having three to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for producing a flexible polyurethane foam by the reaction of an active-hydrogen-containing component composed of an active hydrogen compound, a blowing agent, and an additive with an organic polyisocyanate compound: said blowing agent being carbon dioxide which is generated by the reaction of water with free isocyanate groups, said organic polyisocyanate compound being a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate, which the mixture contains said diphenylmethane diisocyanate and said polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate in a mixing ratio of not more than 1.0 and 4,4'-MDI in a ratio of not more than 60% by weight based on the whole isocyanate mixture, and said polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate having an average functionality (hereinafter referred to as "f") of not less than 2.9 and containing diphenylmethane diisocyanate in an amount of less than 35% by weight.

Abstract: New particularly effective fire retardent elements based on foams and expandable graphite are characterized in that they additionally contain one or more components from the group consisting of phosphate-containing polyols, borates and amine salts.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing a rigid foam by reacting an active hydrogen compound containing an active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and a polyisocyanate compound in the presence of a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent and an assisting agent such as a catalyst.The active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and other active hydrogen compounds are preferably polyols, particularly polyether polyols respectively.The present invention has solved a problem of deterioration of the physical properties, which is problematic in a case where a rigid foam is produced by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having hydrogen atoms, and is capable of producing a rigid foam equivalent to a conventional rigid foam obtained by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having no hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: A method for producing a molded product of integral-skin polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting and curing (1) a high molecular weight polyol comprising, as the main component, a polyoxyalkylene polyol having, as the main constituent, oxyalkylene groups of at least 3 carbon atoms and oxyethylene groups at its molecular terminals with the overall oxyethylene group content being not higher than 15% by weight and having a hydroxyl value of not higher than 80, (2) a crosslinking agent containing a compound having an aromatic nucleus and at least two active hydrogen-containing groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, primary amino groups and secondary amino groups, and (3) a polyisocyanate, in a mold in the presence of a catalyst and a hydrogen atom-containing halogenated hydrocarbon foaming agent.

Abstract: Improved ignition resistant, flexible, open-celled polyurethane foams are described. The foams are formed in situ from the reaction, in the presence of a catalyst, of an isocyanate, one or more blowing agents including water, a foam stabilizer, a polyether polyol, melamine, and a standard flame retardant additive. Preferred standard flame retardants are halogenated phosphorus esters and a blend of about 80 to 85% pentabromodiphenyl oxide in an aromatic phosphate plasticizer. The melamine is present in the foam formulations in an amount of from 30 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyol. The standard flame retardant is present in an amount of from 15 to 25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyol. The compositions of the invention are particularly suitable for use in furniture, bedding, and carpet padding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reaction resin composition comprising a mixture of polyisocyanates, epoxides, and amine catalysts of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is independently alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, alkylidene, cycloalkylene, or aralkenylene; m is an integer of from 0 to 30; R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently optionally substituted aralkyl or polyaralkyl; and R.sup.4 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aralkyl or polyaryalkyl.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing particulate polymers. This production method is characterized in that a mixture of an isocyanate compound containing two or more isocyanato groups per molecule and a surfactant containing two or more hydroxyl groups per molecule is emulsified and allowed to cure in a dispersing medium which does not dissolve the isocyanate compound without use of a protective colloid. According to the production method of the invention, there occurs no aggregation of polymer particles during and after the curing reaction.

Abstract: Inorganic organic flame-retardant polyols are produced by mixing and chemically reacting an epoxy compound with a compound containing reative hydrogens and acidic boron compound in the presence of an epoxy catalyst. These polyols may be utilized to produce polyester resinous products, polyamide resinous products and polyurethane solid and foamed products which may be utilized as coating agents, adhesives, sound and thermal insulation and molding agents.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foam prepared from foam forming compositions of a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate compound, a blowing agent, and a curing agent of a melamine derivative in an amount effective to rapidly cure the resultant foam and improve the compression set properties of the foam, the amount of curing agent generally ranging from about 0.01 up to about 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts polyether polyol. Also, flame retardant polyether polyurethane foam prepared from foam forming components of a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate compound, water, a liquid phosphorus ester in an amount of about 4 to 10 parts by weight and the curing agent in an amount of 0.4 to 2 parts by weight, each based on 100 parts by weight of the polyether polyol in the composition. The most preferred curing agent has the formulaC.sub.3 N.sub.6 (R.sub.2).sub.x (R.sub.1).sub.6-xwherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloaliphatic or aryl moeity having between one and twelve carbon atoms; R.sub.

Abstract: The subject-matter of the invention are organomineral foamed materials and a process for their preparation by reacting polyisocyanate and water-glass without the use of a foaming agent. In the process according to the invention the foaming of the reaction mixture is achieved in controlled manner by means of the CO.sub.2 released in the reaction of isocyanate groups with water by the addition of a polysiloxane and polyether block copolymer.

Abstract: Flame-retardant polyols are produced by chemically reacting an epoxy compound, a phosphorus-containing compound and a compound containing 1 or more active hydrogens to produce a phosphorus-containing polyol with acid radicals which are reacted with an alkali compound. The flame-retardant polyol will react with polyisocyanates to produce solid or foamed products which may be used as coating agents, adhesive or for insulation.

Abstract: New intumescent materials can be obtained by reacting polyisocyanates with phosphorus-containing condensation products containing at least two hydroxyl groups, and boron oxides and/or dehydration products of boric acid. They may be used for the production of coatings and building elements.

Abstract: Halogen- and/or phosphorus-containing polyols-polyesters obtained by esterification and transesterification of the residues from the process for producing dimethyl terephthalate with a polyol at least 5% by weight of which is constituted by a glycol having the formulaHO--R--OHwherein R is a halogen- and/or phosphorus-containing aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic or alkyl-aromatic radical. Said halogen- and/or phosphorus-containing polyesters-polyols are used for the production of fire-resistant polyurethane foams.

Abstract: To prevent the staining of a nitrocellulose coated shoe upper by a polyurethane shoe sole prepared from a mixture comprising a polyisocyanate, a polyol, a chain extender, a tertiary amine catalyst, a surfactant and water, an effective amount of a reactive organic halogen compound, preferably a halogenated fire retardant, is added.