Cellular Product Derived From A -c-c(=x)-x Containing Reactant Wherein X Is A Chalcogen Atom, E.g., Phthalic Acid, Etc. Patents (Class 521/182)
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Patent number: 5726279Abstract: In a process for the preparation of poly-o-hydroxyamides and poly-o-mercaptoamides, a bis-o-aminophenol or a bis-o-aminothiophenol is reacted with a dicarboxylic acid derivative of the following structure: ##STR1## with D=O, S, or NH and where R* is the parent body of the dicarboxylic acid and the groups R.sup.1 through R.sup.4 are H, F, CH.sub.3, or CF.sub.3 (with a maximum of two CH.sub.3 or CF.sub.3 groups).Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1996Date of Patent: March 10, 1998Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Recai Sezi, Hellmut Ahne
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Patent number: 5723510Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermoplastic polyester foam sheet comprises forming a roll by overlapping a thermoplastic polyester sheet and a separator on each other and rolling them, impregnating an inert gas into the thermoplastic polyester sheet while the roll is kept in a pressurized inert gas atmosphere, and foaming the thermoplastic polyester sheet by heating it under atmospheric pressure.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1996Date of Patent: March 3, 1998Assignee: The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akira Kabumoto, Naoki Yoshida, Masayasu Ito, Mitsunori Okada
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Patent number: 5703147Abstract: A low density, high temperature resistant insulation material that is very thermally efficient, is easily moldable and is unaffected by water. The insulation material is especially suitable for use in aviation, aerospace and automotive applications. The insulation material contains inorganic fiber; inorganic binder; hydrophilic particulate inorganic material; hydrophobic particulate inorganic material; polymer; and preferably a setting agent and an opacifier.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1995Date of Patent: December 30, 1997Assignee: Schuller International, Inc.Inventors: Phillip Charles Martin, Monroe W. Shumate, William Michael Gregg
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Patent number: 5698308Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester film for use of a laminate with a metal plate comprising a polyester=group resin containing a white pigment having a mean particle diameter of 0.01 to 1.8 .mu.m at a content of 10 to 30% by weight. The film has (a) a void ratio of 4 to 30%, (b) a melting peak temperature of 150.degree. to 245.degree. C., (c) an amount of oligomer of not more than 3% by weight and (d) an orientation degree of 0.7 to 4.0. When the film is laminated on a metal, it can indicate excellent light interruptive property, lamination property, forming property and processing property.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1996Date of Patent: December 16, 1997Assignee: Toray Industries, Inc.Inventors: Takashi Sumiya, Iwao Tanaka, Kunio Shibatsuji, Hirokazu Kurome, Seiya Sugiura, Wataru Ooe
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Patent number: 5684061Abstract: A bone inducing material comprising a piezoelectric porous membrane having through-holes of an average pore size of about 0.1 to 5 .mu.m is disclosed. When the bone inducing material according to the present invention is used, bone is rapidly regenerated, and new formation of bone occurs. The bone inducing material is particularly useful in the dental field, for example, for treatment of periodontal diseases by GTR method.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1996Date of Patent: November 4, 1997Assignees: Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Yasunari Uchida, Toshiyuki OhnishiInventors: Toshiyuki Ohnishi, Nobuhiro Moriyama
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Patent number: 5684055Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the semi-continuous production of microcellular foam articles. In a preferred embodiment, a roll of polymer sheet is provided with a gas channelling means interleaved between the layers of polymer. The roll is exposed to a non-reacting gas at elevated pressure for a period of time sufficient to achieve a desired concentration of gas within the polymer. The saturated polymer sheet is then separated from the gas channelling means and bubble nucleation and growth is initiated by heating the polymer sheet. After foaming, bubble nucleation and growth is quenched by cooling the foamed polymer sheet.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1994Date of Patent: November 4, 1997Assignee: University of WashingtonInventors: Vipin Kumar, Henry G. Schirmer
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Patent number: 5681865Abstract: Low density PET foam is extruded by heating PET resin above the crystalline melt point to melt the resin, combining Heptane as the blowing agent with the PET resin to create a mixture, cooling the mixture to a temperature of less than 538.degree. K., and extruding the foam through a die. The Heptane is about 0.5-5% by weight of the mixture, and preferably about 1-3%.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1996Date of Patent: October 28, 1997Assignee: Genpak CorporationInventor: Walter R. Harfmann
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Patent number: 5677355Abstract: A polymeric foam with continuous, open-cell pores containing living cells suitable for medical applications and methods for preparing these foams. The microporous foams are of controlled pore size that may be utilized in a variety of applications. In general, the foams are characterized in that the pores are continuous and open-celled. In preparing the foams, an organic polymer is melted and combined with a selected solid crystalline fugitive compound, that melts above about 25.degree. C. and/or that sublimates at above about 25.degree. C. or can be extracted, to produce a substantially isotropic solution. The solution is cooled under controlled conditions to produce a foam precursor containing the solidified fugitive composition dispersed through a matrix of the organic polymer. Crystals of fugitive composition are then removed by solvent extraction and/or sublimation, or a like process to produce microcellular foams having a continuous, open-cell structure.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: October 14, 1997Assignee: Smith & Nephew, Inc.Inventors: Shalaby W. Shalaby, Susan L. Roweton
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Patent number: 5665786Abstract: Expanded articles have a compressible and resilient body including two biodegradable components. One component preferably is starch or a modified starch. Another component is a water insoluble, synthetic polymer, preferably a hydroxy-functional polyester. The article may be thermoformed, and has exterior surfaces with substantial resistance to moisture.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1996Date of Patent: September 9, 1997Assignee: Bradley UniversityInventors: Wayne Xu, William M. Doane
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Patent number: 5661193Abstract: A branched random aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters suitable for foaming has increased melt viscosity and melt strength during extrusion and comprises repeating units of:[-{(O--R.sup.1 --O).sub.a --(CO--R.sup.2 --CO).sub.b }-{(O--R.sup.3 --O).sub.c --(CO--Ar--CO).sub.d }-](BA).sub.x.The mole percent of the acid components and diol components are each based on 100 mole percent. The aliphatic acid residue, --CO--R.sup.2 --CO--, is present in an amount b ranging from 30 to 95 percent and the aromatic acid residue, --CO--Ar--CO--, is present in an amount d ranging from 5 to 70 percent. The diol residues, --O--R.sup.1 --O-- and --O--R.sup.3 --O--, are present in an amount a of 0 to 100 mol percent and in an amount c of 100 to 0 mol percent, respectively. The branching agent, BA, is present in an amount x of 0.01 to 10 weight percent based on the total weight of acid residues, diol residues and branching agent. A foamed article of the branched random aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1996Date of Patent: August 26, 1997Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventor: Kishan Chand Khemani
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Patent number: 5652276Abstract: A foaming resin composition consisting essentially of (A) an organic compound having a carbon-carbon double bond, (B) a compound having an SiH group, and (C) a compound having an OH group is foamed and cured at room temperature or under heat at relatively low temperatures, to obtain hard, semi-hard or soft plastic foam having good weather resistance and good compatibility with coating compositions and adhesives.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1996Date of Patent: July 29, 1997Assignee: Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Ando, Kensuke Kondo, Naoaki Nakanishi, Hiroshi Ito, Shigeki Hamaguchi, Kazuya Yonezawa
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Patent number: 5618855Abstract: The present invention relates to biodegradable PHA copolymers comprising at least two randomly repeating monomer units. The present invention further relates to a plastic article comprising a biodegradable copolymer, wherein the biodegradable copolymer comprises at least two randomly repeating monomer units (RRMU) wherein the first RRMU has the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H, or C.sub.1 or C.sub.2 alkyl, and n is 1 or 2; the second RRMU has the structure ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is a C.sub.4 -C.sub.19 alkyl or alkenyl; and wherein at least 50% of the RRMUs have the structure of the first RRMU. The present invention further relates to an absorbent article comprising a liquid pervious topsheet, a liquid impervious backsheet comprising a film comprising a PHA of the present invention and an absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: April 8, 1997Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventor: Isao Noda
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Patent number: 5605937Abstract: A continuous process for making moldable foam beads comprising a non-crosslinked or crosslinked thermoplastic polymer foam are produced by mixing a composition comprising a non-crosslinkable or crosslinkable thermoplastic polymer or a thermoplastic polymer with a crosslinking agent, additives to achieve specific properties, a blowing agent, extruding the admixture under pressure, crosslinking, when applicable, the admixture under pressure, modulating the admixtures temperature to achieve the desired foaming properties, and then expanding the admixture in a zone of lower pressure to form a foam bead that can be molded.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1994Date of Patent: February 25, 1997Inventor: Dennis A. Knaus
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Patent number: 5591518Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester film for use of a laminate with a metal plate comprising a polyester-group resin containing a white pigment having a mean particle diameter of 0.01 to 1.8 .mu.m at a content of 10 to 30% by weight. The film has (a) a void ratio of 4 to 30%, (b) a melting peak temperature of 150.degree. to 245.degree. C., (c) an amount of oligomer of not more than 3% by weight and (d) an orientation degree of 0.7 to 4.0. When the film is laminated on a metal, it can indicate excellent light interruptive property, lamination property, forming property and processing property.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1995Date of Patent: January 7, 1997Assignee: Toray Industries, Inc.Inventors: Takashi Sumiya, Iwao Tanaka, Kunio Shibatsuji, Hirokazu Kurome, Seiya Sugiura, Wataru Ooe
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Patent number: 5589519Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a lightly crosslinked polyolefin foam and articles made therefrom is disclosed. According to the method, a polyolefin resin is lightly crosslinked, mixed with a blowing agent, forwarded as a molten gel admixture through an extruder, cooled, and expelled from a die into a zone of lower pressure, e.g., the atmosphere or a controlled pressure zone, to produce a uniform fine celled expanded shape.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1994Date of Patent: December 31, 1996Inventor: Dennis A. Knaus
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Patent number: 5571847Abstract: Disclosed is a compatibilized carbon black useful in melt processing of plastic material. The carbon black is coated with a compatibilizing agent which enhances the dispersibility of the carbon black in a melt of the plastic material. Further disclosed are processes for making plastic foam structures with the compatibilized carbon black.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1995Date of Patent: November 5, 1996Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Martin K. Hitchcock, Kyung W. Suh, Arnold M. Bartz, Andrew N. Paquet, William G. Stobby
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Patent number: 5567511Abstract: A label for containers comprises a foamed polyester film that has a density of less than 1 g/cm.sup.3. The foamed polyester film may be blown away in air and then floated away in water during the recycle process for containers. After separation from the containers the foamed polyester film may be reclaimed by a chemical process to recover raw materials for polyesters.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1996Date of Patent: October 22, 1996Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Wayne K. Shih, Robert J. Turney
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Patent number: 5567741Abstract: A storage stable anaerobic composition which does not require constant aeration with a viscosity between 50,000 to 5,000,000 mPa.s and a volume expansion of between about 1 to 20% due to the creation within the composition by aeration of stable, uniform, microcellular foam.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1993Date of Patent: October 22, 1996Assignee: Loctite (Ireland) LimitedInventors: T. Eisirt Casey, Peter J. Nevin
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Patent number: 5556895Abstract: Disclosed are degradable materials including molded products, laminates, foams, nonwoven materials, adhesives, coatings and films, and particularly packaging films. The materials are made using polydioxaneone polymers comprising at least two different dioxaneone-based repeating units. Preferred polymers are polydioxanediones. First repeating units have less carbon atoms in constituent groups extending from the polymer backbone than second repeating units. Physical characteristics and degradation of the materials can be varied by varying the choice and/or relative proportions of first and second repeating units in the poldioxaneone polymers. Methods for preparing polydioxaneone polymers that can be used in the manufacture of the materials are also discussed, as are suitable monomers and methods for preparing such monomers.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1995Date of Patent: September 17, 1996Assignee: Ecopol LLCInventors: Edward S. Lipinsky, Richard G. Sinclair, James D. Browning, Alex Cheung, Kevin H. Schilling, Dan W. Verser
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Patent number: 5519066Abstract: Disclosed are branched polyester compositions having an I.V. of at least about 0.7 dl/g and a melt viscosity sufficiently high to permit foaming during extrusion or molding operations. These branched polyesters are readily foamable with a wide range of foaming agents to provide low density shaped articles, films, and sheets. The branched polyesters comprise about 80 to about 99.9 wt % of a polyester and about 0.1 to about 20 wt % of an ethylene copolymer containing repeat units of ethylene and of a monomer selected from the group comprising acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate and vinyl alcohol.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 1995Date of Patent: May 21, 1996Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Richard L. McConnell, Kishan C. Khemani
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Polymer foams with inherent nonflammability and thermal stability and methods of preparation thereof
Patent number: 5514726Abstract: Polymeric foams with novel chemical compositions are prepared by the condensation of specially-synthesized precursors, which contain (in addition to carbon and hydrogen) one or more of the following elements: oxygen, fluorine, nitrogen (in structures with stable chemical bonds), silicon, boron, phosphorus (in high oxidation states), and certain metals (and/or their oxides and hydroxides). Upon mixing in the proper proportions and/or heating these precursors react rapidly to generate polymeric networks, consisting of heterocyclic crosslink centers, connected with heterochain segments; hydrogen is largely eliminated or replaced by fluorine. These structures possess inherent nonflammability and high thermoxidative stability. Foaming is effected by the gaseous by-products of the condensation reactions, as well as by the addition of foaming agents. The resulting foam products can be formulated to have a wide range of densities and flexibilities.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1992Date of Patent: May 7, 1996Inventors: Gus Nichols, C. D. Armeniades -
Patent number: 5508316Abstract: There are disclosed a resin composition capable of exhibiting a high melt viscoelasticity comprising 100 parts by weight of an aromatic copolyester resin which contains a branching component unit having at least three ester-forming groups in the ratio of 0.01 to 5 moles per 100 moles in total of aromatic dicarboxylic acid units and which has a limiting viscosity of 0.4 to 1.0 dl/g, and 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of a compound having at least two acid anhydride groups in its molecule, and an aromatic polyester resin foamed body produced therefrom and a process for producing the foamed body.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1995Date of Patent: April 16, 1996Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masaaki Nakamura, Kenji Mogami, Tadashi Koyama, Tomomi Nakashima, Akiyoshi Somemiya
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Patent number: 5488074Abstract: The invention relates to polyetheresterols obtained by condensation of a polyfunctional carboxylic acid with an alcohol component, wherein the alcohol component comprises a mixture of alkanediols and etherdiols of the formula ##STR1## where m=1 to 3n.gtoreq.3 andR.sup.I, R.sup.II, R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are identical or different and, independently of one another, are hydrogen or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl,and the ratio between ether and ester groups in the polyetheresterol is in the range from 0.3:1 to 1.5:1, which are suitable, in particular, for the preparation of polyurethanes having reduced fogging.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1995Date of Patent: January 30, 1996Assignee: BASF Schwarzheide GmbHInventors: Gerd Mueller-Hagen, Horst Heinrich, Baerbel Meyer
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Patent number: 5478868Abstract: This invention includes a process for preparing a solid state polymerized poly(ethylene naphthalate) or PEN polymer comprising: (1) preparing a molten PEN polymer with an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.25 dl/g to about 0.55 dl/g, (2) dispersing an inert gas into the molten PEN polymer to form a foamed PEN polymer with a void fraction of from about 0.10 to about 0.50, (3) forming the foamed PEN polymer into granules, (4) devolatilizing the granular PEN polymer at a temperature of from about 80.degree. C. to about 140.degree. C., (5) crystallizing the devolatilized PEN polymer at a temperature of from about 150.degree. C. to about 260.degree. C., and (6) solid state polymerizing the crystallized PEN polymer at a temperature of from about 235.degree. C. to about 265.degree. C. to form a solid state polymerized PEN product.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1995Date of Patent: December 26, 1995Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Ben Duh
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Patent number: 5475037Abstract: A low density foam having a density less than 15 pounds per cubic foot (240 kg/m.sup.3) is formed from an amorphous polyethylene terephthalate polymer. An expandable resin composition is also disclosed, comprising an amorphous polyethylene terephthalate polymer and a blowing agent mixture comprising a low permeability blowing agent and a high solubility blowing agent. Unexpanded and partially expanded foam particles, impregnated with the blowing agent mixture are disclosed. Numerous methods are disclosed for producing lightweight foams from amorphous polyethylene terephthalate polymers. One such method utilizes an Accumulating Extrusion Expansion System which avoids problems experienced with the prior art when attempting to extrusion expand polyesters.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1994Date of Patent: December 12, 1995Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Chung P. Park, Gerald A. Garcia, Roby G. Watson
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Patent number: 5470637Abstract: A thermoplastic polyester composition suited for preparing a film or fiber having excellent abrasion resistance, as well as a biaxially oriented polyester film consisting essentially of the polyester composition are disclosed. The thermoplastic polyester according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a thermoplastic polyester (A) and zirconium oxide particles (B) having monoclinic and/or tetragonal crystal structure.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1993Date of Patent: November 28, 1995Assignee: Toray Industries, Inc.Inventors: Jun Sakamoto, Minoru Yoshida, Masatoshi Aoyama, Masaru Suzuki, Yukari Nakamori, Iwao Okazaki, Koichi Abe
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Patent number: 5462973Abstract: A method for separating co-mingled polymeric materials, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is described. The process involves selectively dissolving a supercritical fluid into one of the materials at the appropriate temperature and pressure. Upon rapid reduction of the system pressure, the selected material foams providing a change in density. Under ambient conditions, the polymeric materials having a large density difference can be separated by means of aqueous separation and flotation. The preferred supercritical fluid for the process is carbon dioxide, and PVC is the material into which the supercritical fluid is preferentially dissolved.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1994Date of Patent: October 31, 1995Assignee: Hoechst Celanese CorporationInventors: George A. Serad, Theodore S. Thornburg
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Patent number: 5449701Abstract: This invention includes a process for preparing a solid state polymerized poly(ethylene naphthalate)or PEN polymer comprising: (1) preparing a molten PEN polymer with an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.25 dl/g to about 0.55 dl/g, (2) dispersing an inert gas into the molten PEN polymer to form a foamed PEN polymer with a void fraction of from about 0.10 to about 0.50, (3) forming the foamed PEN polymer into granules, (4) devolatilizing the granular PEN polymer at a temperature of from about 80.degree. C. to about 140.degree. C., (5) crystallizing the devolatilized PEN polymer at a temperature of from about 150.degree. C. to about 260.degree. C., and (6) solid state polymerizing the crystallized PEN polymer at a temperature of from about 235.degree. C. to about 265.degree. C. to form a solid state polymerized PEN product.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1994Date of Patent: September 12, 1995Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Ben Duh
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Patent number: 5447962Abstract: Foams comprising innumerable cells dispersed in thermoplastic polymer compositions substantially consisting of polylactic acid or a copolymer of lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid and having degradable characteristics in the natural environment.The foams can be used for containers such as food trays and throw away cups comprising molded sheet foam of a thermoplastic and degradable polymer or heat insulating materials and cushioning materials comprising bulk foam.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1994Date of Patent: September 5, 1995Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Masanobu Ajioka, Katashi Enomoto, Akihiro Yamaguchi, Kazuhiko Suzuki, Takayuki Watanabe, Yasuhiro Kitahara
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Patent number: 5422377Abstract: A process for producing thin microporous polymeric films for a variety of uses. The process utilizes a dense gas (liquified gas or supercritical fluid) selected to combine with a solvent-containing polymeric film so that the solvent is dissolved in the dense gas, the polymer is substantially insoluble in the dense gas, and two phases are formed. A microporous film is obtained by removal of a dense gas-solvent phase.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1994Date of Patent: June 6, 1995Assignee: Sandia CorporationInventor: James H. Aubert
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Patent number: 5422381Abstract: A foamed cellular material from polyester resins is obtained by extrusion foaming of polyester resins having melt strength higher than 8 centinewton, intrinsic viscosity greater than 0.8 dl/g and complex melt viscosity higher than 25,000 poises.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1994Date of Patent: June 6, 1995Assignee: M. & G. Richerche S.p.A.Inventors: Hussain A. K. Al Ghatta, Tonino Severini, Luca Astarita
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Patent number: 5407966Abstract: The present invention relates to thermoplastic foams in which .beta.-ketocarboxylic acids, .beta.-ketocarboxylic acid esters or tert.-butyl esters of organic acids are used as the foaming agents.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1993Date of Patent: April 18, 1995Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wolfgang Ebert, Wolfgang Beer, Burkhard Kohler, Jurgen Kirsch, Rolf Dhein, Klaus Horn
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Patent number: 5405887Abstract: A breathable, hydrolyzable, porous film having long-term stability in mechanical properties which is obtained by the process comprising adding from 40 to 250 parts by weight of a finely-powdered filler having an average particle size of from 0.3 to 4 .mu.m to 100 parts by weight of a polylactic acid-based resin composition comprising from 80 to 95% by weight of polylactic acid or a lactic acid-hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer and from 5 to 20% by weight of a plasticizer comprising a citric acid ester, melting and film-forming the resultant mixture, and successively stretching the thus-obtained film 1.1 times or more at least in the direction of the axis; and which is consequently useful as a material for leakproof films of sanitary materials such as a paper diaper and packaging materials, and does not accumulate as wastes because of hydrolyzability in the natural environment in the case of being abandoned after use.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1994Date of Patent: April 11, 1995Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Kenji Morita, Kohichi Uchiki, Hosei Shinoda
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Patent number: 5399595Abstract: Disclosed are foamable copolyester compositions containing 0.5 to 5.0 mole percent of a dicarboxylic acid sulfomonomer which contains at least one metal sulfonate group attached to an aromatic nucleus. These copolyesters possess high melt viscosity and are readily foamable with a wide range of foaming agents to provide low density shaped articles, films, and sheets.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1994Date of Patent: March 21, 1995Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Bobby J. Sublett, Richard L. McConnell
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Patent number: 5397807Abstract: Disclosed is a compatibilized carbon black useful in melt processing of plastic material. The carbon black is coated with a compatibilizing agent which enhances the dispersibility of the carbon black in a melt of the plastic material. Further disclosed are processes for making plastic foam structures with the compatibilized carbon black.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1994Date of Patent: March 14, 1995Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Martin K. Hitchcock, Kyung W. Suh, Arnold M. Bartz, Andrew N. Paquet, William G. Stobby
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Patent number: 5397572Abstract: Resorbable materials and their preparation based on gelling a solution of a single polylactide enantiomer. The gel may be dried to produce solid materials, or may be extracted with a nonsolvent prior to drying to make microporous materials. Physical and mechanical properties of the material may be varied by varying the molecular weight of the gelling polymer, or by blending the gelling solution with other polymers or fillers. The resorbable materials can be used to make biodegradable implantation devices.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 1993Date of Patent: March 14, 1995Assignee: Board of Regents, The University of Texas SystemInventors: Allan G. A. Coombes, James D. Heckman, Barbara D. Boyan
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Patent number: 5397828Abstract: A biaxially stretched polyester film is disclosed.The biaxially stretched polyester film comprises substantially spherical silica particles of colloidal state having average diameters ranging from approximately 20 nm to approximately 200 nm in amounts ranging from approximately 0.005% to approximately 1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the polyester; and alumina particles having average diameters ranging from approximately 50 nm to approximately 500 nm in amounts ranging from approximately 0.05% to approximately 5.0% by weight, the average diameter of the alumina particles being larger than that of the silica particles.The biaxially stretched film prepared according to the present invention has excellent surface properties such as slip property and abrasion resistance, so that the film may be used for manufacturing final products without scratches and white powders occurring thereon.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1994Date of Patent: March 14, 1995Assignee: Cheil Synthetics Inc.Inventors: Dae W. Ihm, Jeong L. Kim, Seung B. Jun
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Patent number: 5391582Abstract: Blends of branched poly(ethylene terephthalate) ("PET") polymer and recycled plastics can be foamed to produce closed cell structures with advantageous densities, cell sizes, cell size distributions, mechanical properties and thermal properties.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1994Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Lawrence C. Muschiatti, Benjamin A. Smillie
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Patent number: 5391694Abstract: Polyester prepolymer granules with open-ended cavities provide greatly improved solid state polymerization rates by improving reaction by-product diffusion characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Ben Duh, William C. T. Tung
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Patent number: 5378792Abstract: The invention relates to foamed polylactide articles obtainable by foaming a mixture of amorphous polylactide granules which contain a blowing agent and of a finely divided polylactide which does not contain a blowing agent, and to a process for producing same.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1994Date of Patent: January 3, 1995Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventor: Hans-Josef Sterzel
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Patent number: 5362763Abstract: A foamed cellular material from polyester resins is obtained by extrusion foaming of polyester resins having melt strength higher than 8 centinewton, intrinsic viscosity greater than 0.8 dl/g and complex melt viscosity higher than 25,000 poises.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1993Date of Patent: November 8, 1994Assignee: M. & G. Ricerche S.p.A.Inventors: Hussain A. K. Al Ghatta, Tonino Severini, Luca Astarita
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Patent number: 5362765Abstract: Foamed thin materials such as foamed film and foamed fibrillated materials produced by extruding a composition consisting of 100 parts by weight of aliphatic polyester having a melt viscosity of 1.0.times.10.sup.3 -1.0.times.10.sup.5 poises at a temperature of 190.degree. C. and a shear rate of 100 sec.sup.-1, and having a melting point of 70.degree.-200.degree. C., and 0.2-5 parts by weight of foaming agent. These foamed thin materials has biodegradability, excellent mechanical, insulating, touch and aesthetic properties. They are useful materials as insulating, packaging, oil absorbing materials and filters.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1994Date of Patent: November 8, 1994Assignee: Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshio Taka, Yuichiro Yasukawa, Tetuya Takahashi, Akira Nakamura, Ryosuke Kamei, Eiichiro Takiyama
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Patent number: 5360829Abstract: A foamed polyester sheet of this invention has uniform fine cells and a high foaming ratio. Particularly, a sheet containing a polycarbonate resin or a polyarylate resin is excellent in high-temperature stability. The foamed polyester sheet of this invention is suited for use requiring a high-temperature stability, such as a container for an electronic oven, etc.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1994Date of Patent: November 1, 1994Assignee: Kanebo, Ltd.Inventors: Masayuki Kawabe, Masaki Yamamoto
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Patent number: 5348983Abstract: The invention relates to foamed polylactide articles obtainable by foaming a mixture of amorphous polylactide granules which contain a blowing agent and of a finely divided polylactide which does not contain a blowing agent, and to a process for producing same.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1993Date of Patent: September 20, 1994Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventor: Hans-Josef Sterzel
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Patent number: 5348985Abstract: A process for making thermoplastic polyester foams comprises the steps of subjecting macrocyclic polyester oligomer precursors to initiators and blowing agents at a constant operating temperature in order to produce foams which unexpectedly display low foam densities.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 1994Date of Patent: September 20, 1994Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Eric J. Pearce, John W. Carbone
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Patent number: 5340846Abstract: Disclosed is a process for obtaining polyester articles, including foamed articles, containing low levels of extractable branching agent. The process comprises: (1) forming a molten mixture comprising (i) a major amount of a first resin composition comprising polyester and from 0 up to about 1 wt. % of a compound capable of branching the polyester, and (ii) a minor amount of a second polyester resin composition comprising at least about 50 wt. % polyester resin and greater than about 2 wt. % of a compound capable of branching the polyester, wherein the relative amounts of (i) and (ii) are such that said molten mixture comprises from about 0.1 wt. % to about 1 wt. % of said branching compound; (2) adding a blowing agent to the molten mixture; and (3) extruding the resultant mixture to obtain a foam. The invention is also directed to the second composition used in the above process, and foamed polyester articles obtained from the process.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1993Date of Patent: August 23, 1994Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: George E. Rotter, John L. Melquist, Weilong Chiang, Boh C. Tsai, John J. Kelly
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Patent number: 5332626Abstract: A process is provided for manufacturing nonwoven, nonbiodegradable tissue ingrowth-inducing, tissue-interfacing substrates with predetermined oriented uniform pore diameter, pore density and pore depth. Pins are inserted to a predetermined depth into a softened thermoplastic substrate or, heated pins are inserted into the substrate, then removed to form the predetermined pore pattern.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 1993Date of Patent: July 26, 1994Assignee: Vitaphore CorporationInventors: Stanley R. Conston, Glenn C. Buchanan
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Patent number: 5321052Abstract: Foamed thin materials such as foamed film and foamed fibrillated materials produced by extruding a composition consisting of 100 parts by weight of aliphatic polyester having a melt viscosity of 1.0.times.10.sup.3 -1.0.times.10.sup.5 poises at a temperature of 190.degree. C. and a shear rate of 100 sec.sup.-1, and having a melting point of 70.degree.-200.degree. C., and 0.2-5 parts by weight of foaming agent. These foamed thin materials has biodegradability, excellent mechanical, insulating, touch and aesthetic properties. They are useful materials as insulating, packaging, oil absorbing materials and filters.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1993Date of Patent: June 14, 1994Assignee: Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshio Taka, Yuichiro Yasukawa, Tetuya Takahashi, Akira Nakamura, Ryosuke Kamei, Eiichiro Takiyama
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Patent number: 5314927Abstract: A method for producing polyester foamed articles comprising: heating and foaming a resin composition comprising a foaming agent, and an aliphatic polyester having a melt viscosity of 1.0.times.10.sup.3 -1.0.times.10.sup.6 poises at a temperature of 190.degree. C. and a shear rate of 100 sec.sup.-1, and having a melting point of 70.degree.-190.degree. C. Extrusion or forming in a mold using preexpanded beads can be applied. The foamed articles such as insulating boxes and cushioning materials have biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength and cushioning properties.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1993Date of Patent: May 24, 1994Assignee: Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd.Inventors: Haruhiko Kondo, Mitsuhiro Imaizumi, Ryosuke Kamei, Hideharu Kimura, Eiichiro Takiyama
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Patent number: 5314925Abstract: A process for producing structural aromatic polycarbonate thermoplastic foam is provided which involves gas expansion of a melted aromatic polycarbonate thermoplastic resin composition containing an amount of a polytetrafluoroethylene nucleating agent. The thermoplastic resin compositions provided exhibit an improved uniformity of cell structure in the resultant structural thermoplastic foam as a result of the incorporation of the polytetrafluoroethylene nucleating agent. The process and compositions are useful in the production of structural thermoplastic foam articles.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1992Date of Patent: May 24, 1994Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Ann M. Burnell, Albin P. Berzinis, Timothy M. Conroy, Kim G. Balfour