Cellular Product Derived From A -c-c(=x)-x Containing Reactant Wherein X Is A Chalcogen Atom, E.g., Phthalic Acid, Etc. Patents (Class 521/182)
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Patent number: 4370425Abstract: Process for the preparation of permanently self-extinguishing cellular maials essentially comprising brominated unsaturated polyester resins, containing conventional additives, having a density comprised between 300 and 700 g/l correlated to a resistance to compression, as of a formed product, higher than the curve shown in the attached FIG. 1, said process being characterized by the fact that a brominated unsaturated polyester resin, containing an amount of bound bromine comprised between 10 and 30%, preferably between 12 and 25% by weight, containing conventional additives, is subjected to foaming by mechanical incorporation therein of a gas or a gas mixture, until crosslinkable liquid foams are obtained, which latter are subsequently subjected to crosslinking by conventional methods. The present invention further refers to permanently self-extinguishing cellular materials thus obtained.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1980Date of Patent: January 25, 1983Assignee: Shia Viscosa Societa Nazionale Industria Applicazioni Viscosa S.p.A.Inventors: Giancarlo Carignani, Aldo Cipriani
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Patent number: 4351911Abstract: A foamable thermoplastic injection moldable composition comprising in admixture (a) a polyester resin, (b) a filler selected from the group consisting of fibrous glass or a mineral or mixtures thereof in an amount of from about 5 to about 50 weight percent, and (c) a minor amount of foaming agent.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1980Date of Patent: September 28, 1982Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Daniel W. Fox
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Patent number: 4347331Abstract: A foamed, low density, highly extended, polymerized unsaturated polyester resin product which exhibits excellent fire, strength and insulative properties. The product is formed by combining a first component comprised of unsaturated polyester resin syrup, reactive, non-reinforcing, extender material capable of providing a blowing agent nd selected from the group consisting of inorganic carbonate compounds, inorganic bicarbonate compounds and mixtures thereof and, optionally, non-reactive, non-reinforcing extender material with a second component comprised of an aqueous solution of aluminum hydroxie chloride and, optionally, non-reactive, non-reinforcing, extender material. When the two components are combined as a composition mixture, the reactive, non-reinforcing, extender material and the aluminum hydroxie chloride solution react to provide a blowing agent and to form a solid product which chemically binds the water originally present.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1981Date of Patent: August 31, 1982Assignee: Tanner Chemical Company, Inc.Inventor: James M. Self
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Patent number: 4338245Abstract: Thermoplastic polyester compositions comprising a polyester such as polybutylene terephthalate, a pentate salt of an amino-s-triazine, and optionally a polyol are flame retardant and intumescent and may be compounded to be self-extinguishing.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1981Date of Patent: July 6, 1982Assignee: Borg-Warner Chemicals, Inc.Inventor: Yuval Halpern
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Patent number: 4331776Abstract: Masterbatches useful for lightweight polyamide molding or extrusion comprise polyamide, a pore-forming agent and a fusible binder that is compatible with the polyamide. Admixture of the masterbatch and granular polyamide polymer results in a polyamide composition which can be molded or extruded into a product having increased homogeneity and expansion uniformity.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1981Date of Patent: May 25, 1982Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc IndustriesInventor: Jean-Pierre Gazonnet
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Patent number: 4327196Abstract: Polyester resin is expanded and cured using mono-substituted sulfonyl hydrozide blowing agent, organic peroxide curative and certain metal promoters.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1980Date of Patent: April 27, 1982Assignees: Uniroyal, Inc., Alpha Chemical CorporationInventors: Robert W. West, Paul E. Stott, James Ahnemiller
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Patent number: 4322502Abstract: Unsaturated polyester resin in solution in ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer is moved with peroxide catalyst, organometallic promoter and certain hydrazine-type or hydrazone compounds. The liquid mixture expands and cures to provide a solid foamed resin.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1980Date of Patent: March 30, 1982Assignee: Uniroyal, Inc.Inventors: Paul E. Stott, Edward L. Wheeler
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Patent number: 4312960Abstract: A normally amorphous condensation polymer is crystallized by foaming it with a chemical blowing agent at a temperature above the softening point of the polymer, extruding the molten polymer to form a solid foam and maintaining the foam at a temperature above the glass transition temperature until crystallization occurs. The crystallized polymer foam may be used as a structural foam. It can be used in solid state polymerization to obtain polymers of enhanced degree of polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1980Date of Patent: January 26, 1982Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Morris R. Ort, Elizabeth L. Newell
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Patent number: 4288561Abstract: A foamable thermoplastic injection moldable composition comprising in admixture (a) a polyester resin, (b) a filler selected from the group consisting of fibrous glass or a mineral or mixtures thereof in an amount of from about 5 to about 50 weight percent and (c) a minor amount of a foaming agent. The compositions can also include flame retardant additives.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1978Date of Patent: September 8, 1981Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Donald I. Craft, Morton Kramer
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Patent number: 4288560Abstract: A process for foaming thermoplastic materials by adding to the plastics material 0.05 to 5 percent by weight of a dioxazolone of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1, 2 or 3, and when n is 1R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 -aralkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl, or phenyl substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 -alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 -alkoxy or nitro, or it is a heterocyclic radical, or when n is 2R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkylene, ethenylene, m- or p-phenylene, m- or p-halophenylene, biphenylene, oxy-bis-(p-phenylene), 2,5-thienylene, 2,5-furylene, 2,6-pyridylene or naphthylene, or when n is 3R is phenenyl,and subsequently heating the mixture.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1980Date of Patent: September 8, 1981Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Rudolf Kirchmayr, Werner Fussenegger, Hugo Illy
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Patent number: 4281073Abstract: A method of producing cross-linked unsaturated polyesters from a solution of a linear unsaturated polyester in a cross-linking agent, wherein a reaction medium comprising said solution and containing free hydroxyl radicals is brought in contact, at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure, with at least one hydrolyzable chlorine-containing derivative in an amount from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on said solution.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1978Date of Patent: July 28, 1981Assignee: Martine Anciaux widow VastesaegerInventor: Joseph P. Michel
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Patent number: 4280005Abstract: A foamable flame-retardant thermoplastic injection moldable composition comprising in admixture (a) a polyester resin, (b) a filler selected from the group consisting of fibrous glass or a mineral or mixtures thereof in an amount of from about 5 to about 50 weight percent, (c) a flame-retardant additive and (d) a minor amount of a foaming agent.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1979Date of Patent: July 21, 1981Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Daniel W. Fox
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Patent number: 4278769Abstract: A blowing agent concentrate comprising a chemical blowing agent and a thermoplastic composition vehicle therefore, said thermoplastic composition being a saturated polyester and/or copolyester having a crystalline melting point between 100.degree. C. and 220.degree. C. and a reduced viscosity of 0.4 dl/g to 1.6 dl/g; the use of such blowing agent concentrate in the formation of foamed articles of high molecular weight polyalkyleneterephthalate which articles can be filled and/or reinforced and/or flame proofed and can contain other additives. Particularly contemplated is the use of such blowing agent concentrate in the formation of glass fiber reinforced structural foam moldings of polyalkyleneterephthalates especially polytetramethylene terephthalates.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1979Date of Patent: July 14, 1981Assignee: Dynamit Nobel AGInventors: Peter Gebauer, Karl G. Sturm
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Patent number: 4277570Abstract: A method of producing cross-linked unsaturated polyesters from a solution of a linear unsaturated polyester in a cross-linking agent, wherein a reaction medium comprising said solution and containing free hydroxyl radicals is brought in contact, at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure, with at least one hydrolyzable chlorine-containing derivative in an amount from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on said solution.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1980Date of Patent: July 7, 1981Assignee: Martine Anciaux widow WastesaegerInventor: Joseph P. Michel
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Patent number: 4266040Abstract: A reaction product of (1) resin containing a plurality of electron deficient ethylenically unsaturated groups and (2) a polyazlactone. The product may be formed without the liberation of a gas and cured at a higher temperature with the liberation of a gas to thereby form foamed product.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1980Date of Patent: May 5, 1981Assignee: DeSoto, Inc.Inventor: Shiow-Ching Lin
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Patent number: 4263165Abstract: A blowing agent combination comprising azodicarbonamide, zinc oxide and a benzenethiol sulphonic acid derivative having the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical and/or a chlorine atom,X is a number from 1 to 5, andR' is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl radical or a C.sub.7 -C.sub.8 arylalkyl radical each of these radicals being optionally substituted by from 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radicals, from 1 to 5 chlorine atoms and/or a carboxylic acid C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl ester radical, or a radical having one of the general formulae (11a), (11b), (11c) or (11d). ##STR2## in which y is a number from 0 to 3,R" is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene radical or a xylylene radical which is optionally substituted by from 1 to 4 methyl radicals and/or from 1-4 chlorine atoms and R and X are as defined above;may be used as blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1980Date of Patent: April 21, 1981Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Ernst Roos, Werner Jeblick, Helmut Hurnik
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Patent number: 4259453Abstract: A composition comprising a gas-expandable polymeric material and an activated hydrazodicarboxylate blowing agent, wherein the activator is selected from nickelbis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate), a mixture of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone and nickelbis(2-oxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone), nickel stearate, nickel trifluoroacetylacetonate, [2,2'-thiobis(4-t-thiobis(4-t-octylphenolato)]nickel, nickelbis [O-ethyl-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate], nickelammoniumsulfate, ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid), and hexamethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid).Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1980Date of Patent: March 31, 1981Assignee: Uniroyal, Inc.Inventor: Rhomie L. Heck, III
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Patent number: 4248974Abstract: A binder composition for binding foundry sand particles to form molds and cores in sand mold casting processes which may be aluminum alloy casting processes, comprising a thermosetting resin and powdery zinc carbonate which is dispersed in the resin and, while the molds and cores are heated by the poured molten metal, undergoes thermal decomposition with generation of carbon dioxide gas which aids the molds and cores to become readily disintegratable.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1979Date of Patent: February 3, 1981Assignee: Nissan Motor Company, LimitedInventors: Shin Fujii, Koue Ohkawa, Takashi Seino
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Patent number: 4247658Abstract: A textile or textile-like polyester element having improved adhesion to rubber and being characterized by a high surface energy, a chemically unmodified surface and a coating which is a crystallizing agent for the polyester substrate.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1979Date of Patent: January 27, 1981Assignee: Fiber Industries, Inc.Inventor: Robert J. Arrowsmith
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Patent number: 4239725Abstract: Low temperature curable organic resin compositions, for example, epoxy resins are provided, which can be either exothermically cured or cured in several minutes or less at relatively low temperatures. Certain diaryliodonium salts have been found to spontaneously release strong protonic acids when used in combination with a copper salt and a reducing agent.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1980Date of Patent: December 16, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: James V. Crivello
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Patent number: 4238596Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing copolyester-carbonates by direct polymerization of a dihydric phenol and an acid dichloride at a single pH profile level.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1979Date of Patent: December 9, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Clayton B. Quinn
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Patent number: 4238597Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing copolyester-carbonates employing diacid chlorides and following a pH processing profile. The copolyester-carbonates produced exhibit physical properties similar to those of high molecular weight aromatic polycarbonates.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1979Date of Patent: December 9, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Ronald L. Markezich, Clayton B. Quinn
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Patent number: 4238587Abstract: Diaryliodonium salts have been found to be effective thermal initiators for the polymerization of a variety of cationically polymerizable materials including epoxides, cyclic ethers, phenol formaldehyde resins, etc., when used in combination with various cocatalysts. Among the cocatalysts which have been found to be effective are, for example, copper chelates and mixtures of such copper chelates with various reducing agents such as ascorbic acid, tin.sup.+2 salts, etc.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 1979Date of Patent: December 9, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: James V. Crivello
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Patent number: 4225691Abstract: Low temperature curable organic resin compositions, for example, epoxy resins are provided, which can be either exothermically cured or cured in several minutes or less at relatively low temperatures. Certain diaryliodonium salts have been found to spontaneously release strong protonic acids when used in combination with a copper salt and a reducing agent.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1979Date of Patent: September 30, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: James V. Crivello
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Patent number: 4224264Abstract: A normally amorphous condensation polymer is crystallized by foaming it with a chemical blowing agent at a temperature above the softening point of the polymer, extruding the molten polymer to form a solid foam and maintaining the foam at a temperature above the glass transition temperature until crystallization occurs. The crystallized polymer foam may be used as a structural foam. It can be used in solid state polymerization to obtain polymers of enhanced degree of polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 1979Date of Patent: September 23, 1980Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Morris R. Ort, Elizabeth L. Newell
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Patent number: 4210567Abstract: Subject of this invention are plastisols based on selected plasticizers and on polymers of certain acrylic or methacrylic monomers, viz. mainly (i) t-butyl acrylate, a C.sub.1-4 alkyl, especially methyl, acrylate or cyclohexyl methacrylate, and optionally also (ii) one or more comonomers selected from methacrylates of aliphatic C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 alcohols, acrylates of aliphatic C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alcohols, styrene and alpha-methyl styrene. The glass transition temperature of the polymer is above 35.degree. C., its average degree of polymerization more than 400 and its average particle size in the plastisol is 0.1 to 500 microns.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1978Date of Patent: July 1, 1980Assignee: Teroson G.m.b.H.Inventor: Bernhard Kosters
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Patent number: 4192924Abstract: Curable organic resin compositions, such as epoxy resins, are provided, based on the use of a diaryliodonium salt-redox catalyst curing system. The curable compositions can provide flexible or rigid organic resin foam when used with a volatile organic solvent as a result of exothermic heat of cure.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1979Date of Patent: March 11, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: James V. Crivello
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Patent number: 4190710Abstract: Blowing agents comprising urea dicarboxylic acid anhydride do not give rise to discoloring decomposition residues nor form acid or alkaline by-products. These blowing agents may be used for expanding thermoplastic resins.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1978Date of Patent: February 26, 1980Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Kurt Ley, Hermann Hagemann, Helmut Hurnik
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Patent number: 4169954Abstract: Novel blowing agents are disclosed comprising 3,3'-carbonylbis(organo carbazates). The organo group may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl moieties. In the preferred embodiment the organo group is an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of methyl, isopropyl, secondary butyl or tertiary butyl. The blowing agents find utility in the preparation of expanded organoplastic materials such as rubbers, thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1978Date of Patent: October 2, 1979Assignee: Uniroyal, Inc.Inventors: Byron A. Hunter, Franklin H. Barrows
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Patent number: 4167611Abstract: The method of production of chemically set compositions which show no shrinkage or which increase their volume during setting finding their application in building engineering, electrotechnical engineering and other fields of technology, consists in adding a special expanding system to a composition comprising synthetic resins or elastomers. Said system consists of an expanding agent, an expansion promoter, and if need be an expansion moderator, and sodium and/or potassium and/or magnesium fluosilicate. As the expanding agent substances are used having a porous structure and sorption properties, as for instance aluminosilicates, and as the expansion promoter substances are used having a polar structure and a critical diameter of the molecule smaller than that of the pores of the expanding agent, as for instance alcohols.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 1977Date of Patent: September 11, 1979Assignee: Politechnika WarszawaskaInventors: Lech Czarnecki, Mariusz Lyczkowski, Marek Borowiak
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Patent number: 4164603Abstract: A filament of a thermoplastic synthetic polymer having a plurality of adjacent, separate discontinuous cavities is made by a process wherein a silicone oil and an inert gas or gas-forming substance are dispersed in a polymer melt, and the melt is extruded into a filament. The melt contains up to and including 1% by weight of the silicone oil, based on the weight of the melt, at the time it is extruded and up to and including 10% by weight of an inert gas.Type: GrantFiled: November 4, 1976Date of Patent: August 14, 1979Assignee: Akzona IncorporatedInventors: Erhard Siggel, Gerhard Wick, Heinz Linhart, Erich Kessler
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Patent number: 4158724Abstract: Tris-tetrazoles of formula I, ##STR1## wherein A is alkylene and R is hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl, are suitable blowing agents for thermoplastic resins, especially for polycarbonates and aromatic polyethers. The foaming process can be carried out at a temperature range of 230.degree. to 300.degree. C., the resulting foamed articles have a fine and homogeneous cellular structure.The tris-tetrazoles I can be synthesized from the corresponding tris-nitriles or tris-imidchlorides by reaction with an alkali azide.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1978Date of Patent: June 19, 1979Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Hugo Illy, Werner Fussenegger
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Patent number: 4152496Abstract: Hybrid copolymers are prepared by at least partially filling the macropores of a macroreticular copolymer with a guest crosslinked copolymer of either the same monomers or a copolymer of different type monomers. The hybrid copolymers can be readily converted into ion exchange resins. Such resins have markedly improved physical and chemical properties, including improved ion exchange properties.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1978Date of Patent: May 1, 1979Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: James H. Barrett, David H. Clemens
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Patent number: 4142029Abstract: Bis-tetrazoles wherein the two tetrazole rings are bridged by a direct bond or a divalent organic residue in 5,5'-position or in 1,1'-position have been found to be suitable as blowing agents for thermoplastic resins. They decompose at temperatures of about 230 to 300.degree. C. and therefore can be used for the expansion of resins which are processed at such temperatures, for instance polypropylene, polycarbonates, polyphenyleneoxides or polyamides. Preferred are bis-tetrazoles bridges by aliphatic or araliphatic residues. The expansion can be carried out in an extruder or an injection moulding device.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1977Date of Patent: February 27, 1979Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: Hugo Illy
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Patent number: 4126590Abstract: Sulfonyltetrazoles of formula I, ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2, A is alkylene and R is a mono- or divalent hydrocarbon residue, are usable as blowing agents for thermoplastic polymers. These compounds decompose at temperatures above 200.degree. C, therefore they can be used preferably for foaming thermoplasts of higher softening temperature such as aromatic polycarbonates, polyesters or polyethers.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1977Date of Patent: November 21, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: Hugo Illy
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Patent number: 4110276Abstract: Resilient polyester foam materials. Acyl halide, polyol, and polyhydroxy cross-linking agent are reacted in the presence of alkali metal carbonate to prepare the resilient polyester foams. A process similar to that used in the one-shot preparation of polyurethane foams is used. Preferred reactants are adipyl chloride, quadrafunctional polyol based on pentaerythritol, propoxylated pentaerythritol cross-linking agent, and sodium carbonate. The resilient polyester foams find use in products such as catamenial tampons.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1977Date of Patent: August 29, 1978Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventor: Thomas A. DesMarais
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Patent number: 4105601Abstract: Novel blowing agents are disclosed comprising 3,3'-carbonylbis(organo carbazates). The organo group may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl moieties. In the preferred embodiment the organo group is an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of methyl, isopropyl, secondary butyl or tertiary butyl. The blowing agents find utility in the preparation of expanded organoplastic materials such as rubbers, thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 1977Date of Patent: August 8, 1978Assignee: Uniroyal, Inc.Inventors: Byron A. Hunter, Franklin H. Barrows
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Patent number: 4101472Abstract: Novel diesters of diethyl hydroxymethylphosphonate of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.4 are alkylene radicals --(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- in which m is 0 or an integer; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are H or alkyl radicals, the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 being not more than 10, are described.These diesters are valuable flameproofing agents for rigid and flexible polyurethane foams and for thermoplastic polyolefin and polyester foams.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1976Date of Patent: July 18, 1978Assignee: Societe Nationale des Poudres et ExplosifsInventors: Jean-Marie J. Biehler, Serge L. Lecolier, Patrice M. Le Roy