Abstract: The invention concerns a polymer product for immobilizing of metal ions, adsorption, and the like, with the structureP--X--A--Qwherein P is a hydrophilic polymer with a molecular weight of more than 3 000 Daltons. X is a heteroatom, O, S or N, A is an atom sequence with at least 3 carbon atoms, and Q is a group with at least two branches with terminal, metal, metal chelate forming substituents, each having at least two hetero atoms, N, O or S, separated by two or at most three carbon atoms in a sequence or Q is a macrocyclic ring with at least 8 and not more than 30 atoms, at least 3 of which are nitrogen atoms, in sequence in the ring, and the preparation thereof which is done by activating a hydrophilic polymer with epoxi or vinylsulfone or inserting of aldehyde groups, couupling with tris-(2-aminoethyl)-amin and treating with reagents chosen from .alpha.-haloalkanoate, .alpha.

Abstract: A gold selective ion exchange resin and process for the recovery of gold from solutions thereof is described. The resin has a macroporous structure and functional groups selected from alkylamine groups wherein the alkyl chain has between 3 and 6 carbon atoms, preferably tributylamine groups. The functional group content of the resin is from 0,4 mmol/g to 1,8 mmol/g and the water retention capacity is at least 30%. The process for recovering gold involves adsorption thereof onto such resin, optionally directly from a slurry, and elution preferably using a thiourea solution.

Abstract: An anion-selective electrode of the present invention comprises, as anion sensitive substance, a tetraalkyl type, quaternary phosphonium salt having four alkyl radicals, each having 8 to 24 carbon atoms; a combination of a tetraalkyl onium salt having four alkyl radicals each having 10 to 24 carbon atoms, and an onium salt having one alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms and three alkyl radicals with the proviso that the number of carbon atoms contained in the three alkyl radicals each is larger than that contained in the one alkyl radical; or a tetraalkyl type, quaternary onium salt having an asymmetrical molecular structure. The anion-selective electrode has good properties including selectivity and measurement accuracy. An anion-selective, field effect transistor or a chemical analysis apparatus, provided with the anion-selective sensitive substance, is suitable for measuring an anion concentration with a high accuracy.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel ion-exchange and chelate-exchange resins having improved exchange kinetics for separating chemical species from liquids. The resins are prepared from copolymer beads consisting of a monovinyl aromatic monomer and a cross-linking monomer. The copolymer beads are functionalized such that weak-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are most accessible to diffusion into the beads, while hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are least accessible to diffusion. The resins have improved exchange kinetics due to shortened diffusion path lengths for the chemical species being separated and improved diffusion into the resin beads due to the hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties.

Abstract: A water-swellable polymer product which may be physically bound to an open celled cellulosic sponge is produced by thermally induced amide-forming insolubilization of polyethyleneimine (PEI). The polymer product has high affinity for the absorption of transition metal ions. A cellulosic sponge containing a high add-on of the polymer product is permeable to water and substantially unaffected by water-borne suspended matter.

Abstract: A process for producing a filter membrane capable of simultaneous removal of metallic ions and nonionic materials from process water used in electronics industry, medical field, pharmaceutical industry and nuclear power generation.The membrane is produced by introducing iminodiacetic acid groups to a porous membrane made from polyolefin or a copolymer of an olefin and a halogenated olefin by uv or ionizing radiation initiated graft polymerization.

Abstract: A product is provided comprised of an open celled sponge of regenerated cellulose containing a polyamide polymer molecularly incorporated into the cellulosic cell wall material of the sponge. The product has the capability of absorbing metal ions from dilute aqueous solutions, and is particularly well suited for the absorption of aurocyanide from a cyanide leach solution as used in gold mining operations.

Abstract: A material adapted for use as a stationary phase in chromatographic processes for adsorbing metal ions, comprising:a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The invention is a sulfonic fluoropolymer having a fluoropolymer backbone having pendant groups attached thereto and represented by the general formula:ZSO.sub.2 --(CF.sub.2).sub.a --(CFR.sub.f).sub.b --O--where: Z is a halogen, an alkali metal, hydrogen, or OR; R is a branched or linear alkyl radical having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an aryl radical; a is 0-2; b is 0-2; provided a+b is not equal to 0; R.sub.f is selected from the group consisting of --F, --Cl, perfluoroalkyl radicals having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms and fluorochloroalkyl radicals having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, wherein the sulfonic fluoropolymer has an equivalent weight of less than about 725, and a hydration product of less than about 22,000.The invention also includes sulfonic fluoropolymers having a fluoropolymer backbone and having pendant groups attached thereto represented by the general formula:ZSO.sub.2 --(CF.sub.2).sub.a --(CFR.sub.f)b--O--where Z, a, b and R.sub.

Abstract: An antibiotic zeolite and an antibiotic resin composition containing thereof are provided. The antibiotic zeolite is prepared by replacing all or a part of ion-exchangeable ions in zeolite with ammonium ions and antibiotic metal ions such as silver, copper, zinc, mercury, tin, lead, bismuth, cadmium, chromium and thallium. The antibiotic resin composition comprises the antibiotic zeolite and a resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene.

Abstract: An antibiotic resin composition comprises at least one antibiotic zeolite of which ion-exchangeable ions are partially or completely replaced with ammonium ionsand antibiotic metal ions, at least one discoloration inhibitor and at least one resin. The antibiotic resin composition exhibits excellent antibiotic property and does not discolor with time. Thus, the resin composition can be employed to form a variety of products which require antibacterial and/or antifungus properties.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal salt by electrolysis in an electrolytic cell comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment partitioned by a diaphragm, characterized by supplying to the cathode compartment an aqueous solution of a water-soluble metal compound, and electrolytically reducing metal ions or metal complex ions to electroplate the metal on a cathode, wherein the diaphragm is a fluorinated anion exchange membrane made of a copolymer having repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is F or CF.sub.3, l is an integer of from 0 to 5, m is 0, or 1, n is an integer of 1 to 5, each of p and q is a positive number and the ratio of p/q is from 2 to 16, and Y is a group involving a quaternary ammonium group.

Abstract: Improved bipolar membranes comprised of two laminates, one a long term base stable thermoset anion exchange membrane and the other a strongly solvent bonded (solvent cast) thermoplastic water insoluble cation exchange membrane. The membranes have a useful level of acid and base efficiencies at low water splitting voltages, along with high current densities.

Abstract: A method for long-term storage of radioactive waste in a solid bitumen is here taught. A granular ion-exchange resin (including radioactive ions) is mixed with a bitumen and water emulsion to produce a swollen aqueous product for encapsulation. The method is carried out at room temperature and optionally includes a cationic emulsion having a pH value of less than 4. The emulsion has a water content form 15-50% by weight and preferably is saturated with the water.

Abstract: Adsorbent compositions are prepared by the addition of crystalline molecular sieves to latexes. The resulting latex polymer bonded zeolites have improved attrition resistance in separations involving an aqueous medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to absorbent structures in which hydrogel has improved ability to absorb salt-containing fluids due to inclusion within the absorbent structures of fibrous anion exchange materials. The absorbent structures of the present invention comprise hydrogel and fibrous anion exchange material (e.g., DEAE cellulose), and, optionally, fibrous cation exchange materials and/or conventional absorbent materials; said absorbent structures having an equilibrium pH of from about 5 to about 11. The present invention further relates to disposable absorbent products (e.g., diapers, incontinent pads, sanitary napkins) which comprise absorbent structures of the present invention.

Abstract: A water insoluble ion exchange resin having a crosslinked, three dimensional resin skeleton and an active group of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having 1-15 carbon atoms and having at most two branchings in the alkyl group, and A is a mono-, di-, or tri-substituted ethylene radical or mono- or di-substituted methylene radical, wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having at most two branchings, hydroxy, an amino group and hydrogen and wherein A provides a link binding the active group to the resin skeleton.

Abstract: Novel microporous particles of polybenzimidazole (PBI) resin, characterized by a reduced bulk density, a surface area of at least 10 m.sup.2 /g, a porosity of at least about 10%, and an average pore diameter of from about 50 to 500 Angstroms are provided by emulsification-precipitation or atomizing-non-solvent quenching techniques. The disclosed microporus PBI particles are particularly suitable for use as substrates in chromatographic processes such as ion-exchange, separations, purifications, etc., as well as catalysts or chemical reagents in polymer supported reactions. Microporous PBI particles of varying acidity/basicity and/or anionic/cationic exchange characteristics, and/or containing various functional groups for use in chemical conversions, may be obtained by treatment of the PBI resin with various organic and inorganic acids, either during particle formation or subsequent thereto.

Abstract: Bonded phase chromatography is disclosed wherein an organosilane reacts with a polyamine to form a support matrix which is attached to the inorganic surface of a support structure. In forming an organic polyamine support matrix, a neutral organosilane is bonded to the inorganic surface with the organosilane having a functional group sufficiently reactive so that an organic amine polymer reacts with the functional group to cause covalent bonding of the organic amine polymer to the inorganic surface. By addition of an organic stationary phase group, the organic polyamine support matrix is formed into any predetermined one of a plurality of types of chromatography supports.

Abstract: A urethral catheter composed of olefin polymer, diene polymer or silicone polymer as a base material wherein an antimicrobial substance being chemically bonded with the inside wall and/or the outside wall thereof, and a process for producing the same. This urethral catheter effectively prevents urinary tract infection for a long period of time.

Abstract: An improved tracer particle is described comprising an ion exchange core having a polymer coating thereon, the coated ion exchange core having a reaction site capable of reacting with a compound containing an oxirane group, said coated ion exchange core having been treated with a compound containing an oxirane group to react with said coated ion exchange core causing an increase in mass of the tracer particle. Preferably, the ion exchange core is labelled with a radionuclide. These particles have improved characteristics including improved stability against leaching and improved handling properties. Such particles are useful in circulatory determinations involving the injection of the particles as a suspension in a physiologically acceptable carrier or medium into the circulatory system of animals.

Abstract: An amphoteric ion exchanger constituted by linking (1) first macromolecular chain A.sup.- having cation exchange groups, (2) second macromolecular chain B.sup.+ having anion exchange groups and (3) third macromolecular chain C having no ion exchange group into a straight chain to have a linking mode of the first chain and the second chain being separated from each other by the third chain.

Abstract: There is disclosed an effective direct-acting iodinating reagent for biological specimens which, because it is direct, avoids the necessity of having present at the same time both an oxidizing agent and sodium iodide. The reagent is a conjugate of an iodous ion and a water insoluble support. The manner of conjugation is such that the ion is complexed onto the surface of the support but is still free to react with groups in proteins susceptible to iodination and thus be transferred to the biological specimen being iodinated. Apart from the advantage of being direct-acting, the reagent has those desirable attributes which are associated with water insoluble oxidants.

Abstract: An improved oxidant useful in mediating the iodination of biological specimens containing tyrosyl or synthetically incorporated phenolic residues is disclosed. The oxidant is water insoluble, is easy to handle, and can be prepared with a determinable oxidizing capacity. An illustrated oxidant is a polystyrene bead having covalently attached to its surface N-chlorobenzenesulfonamide groups.

Abstract: Metal ion adsorbent that is formed by an organic polymer having a hydrophilic character through a content of an average of at least 0.5 substituents per monomer unit of any of the following types: OH, O, CO, NH.sub.2, NH or N, so that the concentration of these groups is at least 25 mol-percent. The polymer in a non-aqueous state contains at least 10 .mu.mol of metal binding groups per gram of adsorbent. The metal binding group has 5 coordinating ligand atoms, two of which are nitrogen atoms and three of which are carboxylic acid groups.

Abstract: N-methylolated/methoxymethylated aryldisulfonamides useful as rubber crosslinking agents are provided of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein x is between about 1 and 2, and y is between about 1 and 3, z is between about 0 and 1.5, the total of x, y and z being about 4.

Abstract: Powdered synthetic polymeric resin is produced by swelling or shrinking resin particles by contact with water or an organic solvent to introduce strain within the particles and comminuting the swollen or shrunk particles by grinding them in a rotary attrition mill. This process is particularly useful for the production of powdered resins for oral consumption, for example powdered cholestyramine resin, since particle sizes such that 90% by weight and/or number is below 30 microns in average particle diameter in the wet swollen state may be achieved.

Abstract: A novel polyaminic resin obtained by crosslinking a polyalkyleneamine (in particular polyethyleneamine) with diisocyanates in solution, is useful as a selective separation or extraction agent of a component having a "complementary" chemical structure (particularly heparin), by means of mere contact or "ionic exchange" with aqueous solutions containing it. Heparin is thus even quantitatively extracted from solutions containing it alone or in mixture with other glucosaminoglycanes. The polyamine can then release the "adsorbed" heparin and be recovered by a treatment with saline solutions. The novel resin is used in pharmaco-biological fields.

Abstract: Novel anion exchange resin composites having hydrous chromium III oxide (Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3. nH.sub.2 O) incorporated therein are useful in removing a wide array of polyvalent metal cations from aqueous solution.

Abstract: A method and kit for stabilizing solutions of radiolabelled compound by the use of insoluble quaternary ammonium containing compounds. Also described are novel insoluble compounds having quaternary ammonium and sulfide groups for use in the present invention.

Abstract: A weakly acidic cation exchange resin which is obtainable by a reaction of glyoxylic acid and a polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked by cross-linking groups each containing two or more carbon atoms, and has an exchange capacity of 3 meq/g or greater and a swelling volume of 10 ml/g or smaller, as well as a process for producing such cation exchange resin.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of an ion exchange resin having a granular activated carbon as the matrix thereof, comprises causing a granular activated carbon to retain therein up to about 30% by weight, based on the weight of granular activated carbon, of a polymerizable solution containing monovinyl monomers and/or polyvinyl monomers in the presence of a polymerization initiator and, optionally, an organic solvent, and allowing the mixed solution as retained in the granular activated carbon to undergo polymerization in an aqueous medium and subsequently introducing therein an ion exchange group.

Abstract: Increased ion exchange capacity per unit weight of substrate is achieved upon using as the substrate regenerated cellulose sponge instead of cotton fabric. A water soluble crosslinkable polymeric material having ion ion exchange sites, such as polyvinyl phosphate or polyethylenimine, and a suitable crosslinking agent are dissolved in water. The sponge is wetted with the solution and dried and cured at about 100 degrees to 145 degrees C. to crosslink the polymer to the substrate. The so-prepared ion exchange composition is immersed in a flowing stream of dilute aqueous solution of heavy metal ions or otherwise contacted with such solution to effect separation and concentration of such cations.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and polymers are disclosed of the general formula ##STR1## wherein Q designates -X' or -X-.epsilon.-R; where X' designates ##STR2## where .alpha. is --OH, or --SH;.beta. is --OH, --SH, --NH.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, --CO--R.sub.2, --R.sub.2 C.dbd.N--OH, --COOH, -hal, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; halogen being chlorine or bromine;.gamma. is a non-interfering substituent;where .beta. and .gamma. may form together a hydrocarbyl ring system;where .delta. is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- or --SO.sub.2 --;where X is --O--, --S--, --NH--, --N.sup.+ R.sub.2 R.sub.3 Cl.sup.- or --P--;where.epsilon. is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --SO.sub.2 --, --NH-- or --CH.sub.2 (O-CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.n --; ##STR3## wherein the upwardly directed bonds are connected to the R polymer molecule and the downwardly directed bonds are connected to .delta. groups;n is an integer of from 1 to 15 or zero;R is a polymeric backbone, alkyl or aralkyl; andR.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: The reaction of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with an ionogenic methacrylate ester containing amine groups of the tertiary type such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) in the presence of an acidic water solution produces a new and novel water soluble, ionic, cross-linking, methacrylate bifunctional monomer wnhich is useful in the manufacture of anion exchange polymers while employing an aqueous solvent system.

Abstract: A weakly acidic cation exchange resin which is obtainable by a reaction of glyoxylic acid and a polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked by cross-linking groups each containing two or more carbon atoms, and has an exchange capacity of 3 meq/g or greater and a swelling volume of 10 ml/g or smaller, as well as a process for producing such cation exchange resin.

Abstract: A process for the separation of metals in which a mixture of metal derivatives is converted into anion complexes by means of a complexing anion such as, for example, a halide, thiocyanate, sulphate, nitrate, or the like said anion complexes are bound to a solid, non-soluble polymer, containing oxygen bonded to carbon which is converted into a polyoxonium compound by means of the complexing liquid medium used. The complexes are separated by selective absorption and/or elution over the polymer using suited H.sup.+ ion concentrations and/or complexing anion concentrations.

Abstract: A physiologically acceptable solution of gallium-68 fluorides, having an activity of 0.1 to 50 millicuries per milliliter of solution is provided. The solution is obtained from a generator comprising germanium-68 hexafluoride bound to a column of an anion exchange resin which forms gallium-68 in situ by eluting the column with an acid solution to form a solution containing .sup.68 Ga-fluorides. The solution then is neutralized prior to administration.

Abstract: A composite anion adsorbent which includes a dehydration cured composite gel of an organic hydrophilic polymer and a metal hydroxide. In the preferred embodiment, the metal hydroxide is a hydroxide such as iron hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, titanium hydroxide, manganese hydroxide, tin hydroxide and zirconium hydroxide and oxides which form hydroxides in aqueous solutions.

Abstract: A process for preparing a carboxylated cellulose ion exchange material which comprises heating a mixture of cellulose and citric, isocitric or aconitic acid at a temperature of from about 100.degree. to 160.degree. C. while removing water, and then treating the product with aqueous alkali at a pH of 8 to 11 to hydrolyze cross-linked acid residues; carboxylated cellulose ion exchange materials prepared by the process and their use in removing heavy-metal ions from aqueous solutions such as in industrial effluent treatment and precious metal recovery.

Abstract: A novel wood adsorbent for mercury ions is provided by the process of this invention. The process comprises xanthating an alkali wood meal, impregnating the xanthated wood meal with a solution of a peroxide, graft copolymerizing the product with acrolein in gas phase, and converting acrolein aldehyde groups on the resulting graft copolymer to thiosemicarbazone to obtain the novel wood adsorbent for mercury ion. The novel wood adsorbent has a great adsorbing capacity for mercury ion.

Abstract: 1. In a process for preparing a cation exchange resin having a water-insoluble matrix and cation exchange groups bonded thereto, the improvement comprising employing as said matrix a solid copolymer of macroreticular structure which is permeated by small channels or voids into which liquids are able to penetrate, which matrix is prepared by copolymerizing a mixture consisting essentially of (1) a monovinyl carbocyclic aromatic compound or an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, with (2) a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl carbocyclic aromatic compound, an ester of a dihydric alcohol and an .alpha.-.beta.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a pearl polymer product, a method of making the same, and the use thereof as a carrier for biologically active materials, said product being composed of hollow pearl particles having a diameter from 5 to 1000 microns and consisting of a cross-linked polymer which is a cross-linked homopolymer or copolymer comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, methacrylamide, methylene-bis-acrylamide and methylene-bis-methacrylamide, said polymer containing at least 5 percent by weight of a monomer having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds which are activated by a neighboring phenyl group or carbonyl group, said polymer further being of a composition such that x+3y.gtoreq.40, where x is the percent by weight in the polymer of acrylamide and methacrylamide and y is the percent by weight in the polymer of methylene-bis-acrylamide and methylene-bis-methacrylamide.

Abstract: A method of producing graft copolymers of cellulose with vinylpyridines, residing in free-radical graft copolymerization of cellulose with vinylpyridines from water emulsions in the presence of an emulsifier, namely, partially saponified polyvinylacetate containing 5-15 mass % of acetate groups, and an initiator of a free-radical type. The method makes it possible to perform a free-radical graft copolymerization with a high conversion of monomers (up to 78%) without the formation of free homopolymers.

Abstract: A method for preparing modified graft copolymers of cellulose with monovinyl monomers containing ionic groups or non-ionic groups capable of being converted to ionic ones involving a free-radical polymerization of said monovinyl monomers onto cellulose in the presence of a free-radical type initiator and modification of the resulting graft-copolymers of cellulose with said monovinyl monomers. The processes are performed in one stage in the presence of a modifying agent, that is, divinylbenzene taken in an amount ranging from 1 to 5 mol. % of the monovinyl monomer. The static exchange capacity of the modified graft copolymers of cellulose in the form of cationites is as high as 5 mg-equiv/g. The static exchange capacity of the graft copolymers of cellulose in the form of anionites is as high as 3.5 mg-equiv/g. The degree of swelling in water at a temperature of 20.degree. C. is within the range of from 180 to 200%. The modified graft copolymers of cellulose have a fibrous structure.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a pearl polymer product, a method of making the same, and the use thereof as a carrier for biologically active materials, said product being composed of hollow pearl particles having a diameter from 5 to 1000 microns and consisting of a cross-linked polymer which is a cross-linked homopolymer or copolymer comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, methacrylamide, methylene-bis-acrylamide and methylene-bis-methacrylamide, said polymer containing at least 5 percent by weight of a monomer having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds which are activated by a neighboring phenyl group or carbonyl group, said polymer further being of a composition such that x+3y.gtoreq.40, where x is the percent by weight in the polymer of acrylamide and methacrylamide and y is the percent by weight in the polymer of methylene-bis-acrylamide and methylene-bis-methacrylamide.

Abstract: The reaction product of an epoxide and a polyalkylenepolyamine is prepared in bead form by dispersing a blend of the epoxide and polyalkylenepolyamine in a concentrated aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide and then curing the dispersed blend. For example, dispersing a blend of triethylenetetramine and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A in an agitated aqueous solution of 50 weight percent NaOH and curing the dispersed blend produces normally solid beads which are useful as a weak base ion exchange resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in the process for the preparation of a polyhydroxy methylene ether in which polyhydroxy methylene is reacted with an alkylating agent in an aqueous alkaline medium, the improvement comprising that the alkylating agent has at least one ionic or ionizable carboxyl group, phospho group, quaternary ammonium group, or substituted amino group. The invention also relates to ion exchangers composed of the polyhydroxy methylene ethers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ion exchange compounds on cellulose basis having formula ##STR1## wherein R is a group that forms chelate complexes with metal ions, and Cell stands for the cellulose matrix. Suitable functional groups R are derivatives of known metal reactants, which show a high degree of selectivity for specific metal ions. The ion exchange compounds are able to fix specifically preferred ions e.g. metal ions even in a considerable excess of foreign ions, for example in concentrated salt solutions.The improved ion exchange compounds of this invention are prepared by reacting the compound ##STR2## with cellulose in the presence of alkali, diazotizing the cellulose derivative resulting therefrom and subsequently coupling couplable compounds which form chelate complexes with metal ions.

Abstract: Macroporous copolymer particles are prepared via a process wherein phase separating diluent is removed from copolymer particles and isolated (e.g., by distillation). The isolated diluent is purified by eluting the diluent through a column containing a purification agent such as alumina. The recycled diluent can be employed in the further preparation of macroporous copolymer particles.