Cellular Product-forming Process Wherein The Removable Material Is Present Or Is Produced In Situ During The Solid Polymer Formation Step Patents (Class 521/63)
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Patent number: 7319114Abstract: Hollow polymer particles are provided to have an average particle diameter of 15 ?m or more and 500 ?m or less and a 10%-compressive strength of 1.5 MPa or more, and the hollow polymer particle includes a hollow portion in the interior. In addition, a porous ceramic filter is provided by firing a shaped material composed of a mixture in which the above-described hollow polymer particles are mixed to disperse in a ceramic composition.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 2002Date of Patent: January 15, 2008Assignees: Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokuyama Sekisui Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takahiro Ohmura, Yasushi Nakata, Yasuhiro Kawaguchi, Takahiro Yoshida
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Patent number: 7285578Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion composition for forming a silicone elastomer porous material contains a liquid silicone rubber material which forms a silicone elastomer upon curing, a silicone oil material which has a surface activation function, and water.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2004Date of Patent: October 23, 2007Assignee: Nitto Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naka Hirayama, Atsushi Ikeda
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Patent number: 7268169Abstract: A substantially closed-cell silicone elastomer porous body includes cells with diameters of 50 ?m or less, which occupy 50% or more of all the cells, and has a closed cell rate of 60% or more.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2004Date of Patent: September 11, 2007Assignee: Nitto Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naka Hirayma, Atsushi Ikeda
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Patent number: 7166362Abstract: There are provided a film-forming composition that includes a hydrolysis product and/or a condensation product of a compound having a repeating unit represented by Formula (1) below. (In the formula, at least one of P and Q is a silane coupling group represented by -L3-Si(R3)m(OR4)3-m, R3 to R8 independently denote H or a hydrocarbon group (C1 to 8), m denotes 0, 1, or 2, x denotes 100 to 1 mol %, y denotes 0 to 99 mol %, and P and Q denote terminal groups; L1 to L3 independently denote a single bond or a divalent organic linking group, Y1 and Y2 independently denote —N(R9)(R10), —OH, —NR0COR9, —CON(R9)(R10), —OR9, —CONR92, —COR9, —CO2M, —COOR9, or —SO3M, in which R0, R9, and R10 independently denote H or alkyl (C1 to 8), R0 and R9 may form a ring, and M denotes H, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or onium.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 2004Date of Patent: January 23, 2007Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventor: Takeyoshi Kano
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Patent number: 7167354Abstract: A mesoporous polymer and method of preparing a mesoporous polymer whose polymerization kinetics are dependent upon pH and whose pore size is controlled by pH and solvent concentration are disclosed. The polymer is optionally pyrolyzed to form a primarily carbonaceous solid. The material has an average pore size in the mesopore range and is suitable for use in liquid-phase surface limited applications including chromatographic, sorbent, catalytic, and electrical applications.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 2002Date of Patent: January 23, 2007Assignee: TDA Research, Inc.Inventors: Steven Dietz, Vinh The Nguyen
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Patent number: 7148264Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing one or more macroporous cross-linked polymer particles, which comprises polymerization and cross-linking of divinyl ether monomers in an inert solvent, in which method the polymerization is free radical initiated. The invention also relates to particles so produced, which are useful as separation medium e.g. in RPC or, after suitable derivatization, in other chromatographic methods.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 2004Date of Patent: December 12, 2006Assignee: GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences ABInventors: Tobias Söderman, Anders Larsson, Philippe Busson
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Patent number: 7087656Abstract: A block copolymer, preferably a block copolymer such as poly(isoprene-block-ethylene oxide), PI-b-PEO, is used as a structure directing agent for a polymer derived ceramic (PDC) precursor, preferably a silazane, most preferably a silazane commercially known as Ceraset. The PDC precursor is preferably polymerized after mixing with the block copolymer to form a nanostructured composite material. Through further heating steps, the nanostructured composite material can be transformed into a nanostructured non-oxide ceramic material, preferably a high temperature SiCN or SiC material.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2003Date of Patent: August 8, 2006Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: Carlos Garcia, Ulrich Wiesner
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Patent number: 7081272Abstract: A composition comprising a fluid, silica precursor (A) obtained by subjecting alkoxysilane(s) to hydrolysis/polycondensation in the presence of an acid catalyst, a basic compound (B) having a basic hydroxyl group and/or a basic nitrogen atom, wherein the pH of a 0.1 N aqueous solution of compound (B) is 11 or more, and the vapor pressure of compound (B) is 1.3 kPa or lower at 100° C., and an organic compound (C) having a boiling point of 100° C. or higher, compound (C) being compatible with silica precursor (A), wherein the amount of compound (B) is from 0.0015 to 0.5 mol, in terms of the total molar amount of the basic hydroxyl groups and the basic nitrogen atoms in compound (B), per mole of Si atoms contained in silica precursor (A).Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 2002Date of Patent: July 25, 2006Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoro Sasaki, Hiroyuki Hanahata, Takaaki Ioka
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Patent number: 7078441Abstract: An organic porous material having a continuous pore structure, which comprises interconnected macropores and mesopores with a radius of 0.01 to 100 ?m in the walls of the macropores, having a total pore volume of 1 to 50 ml/g and having pore distribution curve characteristics wherein the value obtained by dividing the half-width of the pore distribution curve at the main peak by the radius at the main peak is 0.5 or less. The organic porous material is useful as an adsorbent having high physical strength and excelling in adsorption amount and adsorption speed, an ion exchanger excelling in durability against swelling and shrinkage, and a filler for chromatography exhibiting high separation capability.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 2004Date of Patent: July 18, 2006Assignee: Organo CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Inoue, Koji Yamanaka
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Patent number: 7056455Abstract: The present invention comprises a novel process for the preparation of carbon based structured materials with controlled topology, morphology and functionality. The nanostructured materials are prepared by controlled carbonization, or pyrolysis, of precursors comprising phase separated copolymers. The precursor materials are selected to phase separate and self organize in bulk, in solution, in the presence of phase selective solvents, at surfaces, interfaces or during fabrication, into articles, fibers or films exhibiting well-defined, self-organized morphology or precursors of well-defined, self-organized, bi- or tri-phasic morphology. Compositional control over the (co)polymers provides control over the structure of the phase separated precursor whose organization therein dictates the nanostructure of the material obtained after carbonization or pyrolysis, wherein each dimension of the formed structure can be predetermined.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 2002Date of Patent: June 6, 2006Assignee: Carnegie Mellon UniversityInventors: Krzysztof Matyjaszewski, Tomasz Kowalewski, David N. Lambeth, James Spanswick, Nicolay V. Tsarevsky
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Patent number: 7052608Abstract: A three-dimensional microporous polymer network material, or monolith, cast-to-shape in a microchannel. The polymer monolith, produced by a phase separation process, is capable of trapping and retaining charged protein species from a mixture of charged and uncharged species under the influence of an applied electric field. The retained charged protein species are released from the porous polymer monolith by a pressure driven flow in the substantial absence of the electric field. The pressure driven flow is independent of direction and thus neither means to reverse fluid flow nor a multi-directional flow field is required, a single flow through the porous polymer monolith can be employed, in contrast to prior art systems. The monolithic polymer material produced by the invention can function as a chromatographic medium.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 2004Date of Patent: May 30, 2006Assignee: Sandia National LaboratoriesInventors: Timothy J. Shepodd, Elizabeth Franklin, Zane T. Prickett, Alexander Artau
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Patent number: 7022745Abstract: In forming pressure sensitive adhesive microspheres by copolymerizing a non-ionic monomer of an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate ester of a non-tertiary alcohol and an acid monomer copolymerizable with said non-ionic monomer, an electrolyte is present during the polymerization to promote formation of solid rather than hollow microspheres.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 2002Date of Patent: April 4, 2006Assignee: Surf Chip, Inc.Inventors: Jong-Shing Guo, Augustin T. Chen, Sharon D. Trembley
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Patent number: 7019040Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of porous polymer particles based on acrylate and/or methacrylate, comprising the steps of provision of a reaction mixture comprising at least one monomer chosen from the group consisting of acrylate and methacrylate compounds, and at least one monoterpene as porogen and of polymerization with the formation of porous polymer particles based on acrylate and/or methacrylate. The present invention also covers the porous polymer particles based on acrylate and/or methacrylate prepared in this way.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 2003Date of Patent: March 28, 2006Assignee: Metrohm AGInventors: Andreas Seubert, Sandra Schuetze
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Patent number: 6991678Abstract: A process for the preparation of crystalline microporous titanium silicates using ethylsilicate-40 and titanium peroxide as silicon and titanium sources respectively is described. The process permits a significant decrease in the production cost of titanium silicate containing higher amount of titanium (Si/Ti=20) because of cheaper raw materials as well as reduction in the quantity of tetarpropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) template (SiO2:TPAOH=1:0.06–0.1) required for preparation. The material obtained by the present invention is useful as an active catalyst in the reactions such as oxidation of hydrocarbons, alcohols, sulphides, and thioethers.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2003Date of Patent: January 31, 2006Assignee: Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchInventors: Mohan Keraba Dongare, Pratap Tukaram Patil, Kusum Madhukar Malshe
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Patent number: 6897247Abstract: A high internal phase emulsion composition comprising: a) at least three components; b) component A is a polymer, monomer or mixture thereof; c) component B is a polymer; d) component C is a compatiblizer; e) substantially no voids; and wherein the volume fraction of component A represents at least about 80% by volume of the total volume of components A, B and C; and wherein the volume fraction of component B represents less than about 20% by volume of the total volume of components A, B and C; and wherein at least two phases are formed, a phase containing a majority of component A is discrete and a phase containing a majority of component B is continuous.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 2002Date of Patent: May 24, 2005Assignee: PolyE Inc.Inventor: Glenn Fredrickson
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Patent number: 6841580Abstract: An organic porous material having a continuous pore structure, which comprises interconnected macropores and mesopores with a radius of 0.01 to 100 ?m in the walls of the macropores, having a total pore volume of 1 to 50 ml/g and having pore distribution curve characteristics wherein the value obtained by dividing the half-width of the pore distribution curve at the main peak by the radius at the main peak is 0.5 or less. The organic porous material is useful as an adsorbent having high physical strength and excelling in adsorption amount and adsorption speed, an ion exchanger excelling in durability against swelling and shrinkage, and a filler for chromatography exhibiting high separation capability.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 2002Date of Patent: January 11, 2005Assignee: Organo CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Inoue, Koji Yamanaka
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Patent number: 6797738Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing porous polymer materials by a combination of gas foaming and particulate leaching steps. The invention is also directed to porous polymer material prepared by the process, particularly having a characteristic interconnected pore structure, and to methods for using such porous polymer material, particularly for tissue engineering.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2001Date of Patent: September 28, 2004Assignee: The Regents of the University of MichiganInventors: Leatrese Harris, David J. Mooney, Lonnie Shea
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Patent number: 6777454Abstract: This invention relates to a process of preparing vesiculated granules of crosslinked carboxylated polyester resin utilising a particular class of non-alkylphenolethoxylate surfactant.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 2002Date of Patent: August 17, 2004Assignee: Orica Australia Pty Ltd.Inventors: Philip J. A. Ritchie, Algirdas K. Serelis
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Patent number: 6770201Abstract: A three-dimensional microporous polymer network material, or monolith, cast-to-shape in a microchannel. The polymer monolith, produced by a phase separation process, is capable of trapping and retaining charged protein species from a mixture of charged and uncharged species under the influence of an applied electric field. The retained charged protein species are released from the porous polymer monolith by a pressure driven flow in the substantial absence of the electric field. The pressure driven flow is independent of direction and thus neither means to reverse fluid flow nor a multi-directional flow field is required, a single flow through the porous polymer monolith can be employed, in contrast to prior art systems. The monolithic polymer material produced by the invention can function as a chromatographic medium.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 2002Date of Patent: August 3, 2004Assignee: Sandia National LaboratoriesInventors: Timothy J. Shepodd, Elizabeth Franklin, Zane T. Prickett, Alexander Artau
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Patent number: 6759080Abstract: The invention discloses methods for making foams by photopolymerizing emulsions comprising a reactive phase and a phase immiscible with the reactive phase components. Foams made from water-in-oil emulsions, including high internal phase emulsion are disclosed. Articles and uses for the foams are also described.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 2002Date of Patent: July 6, 2004Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Kristin La Velle Thunhorst, Mark David Gehlsen, Robin Edgar Wright, Eric Wayne Nelson, Steven Dean Koecher, Douglas Gold
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Patent number: 6649665Abstract: In producing a porous cross-linked polymer by forming a water-in-oil type high internal phase emulsion and subsequently polymerizing the emulsion, a method for the production of a porous cross-linked polymer material which comprises a step of polymerizing a water-in-oil type high internal phase emulsion obtained in the presence of a polyglycerine fatty acid ester. This invention permits an HIPE to be polymerized at a high temperature for the purpose of stabilizing the HIPE and consequently warrants quick production of a porous cross-linked polymer material possessed of an excellent water absorbing property.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2002Date of Patent: November 18, 2003Assignees: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd., The Proctor & Gamble CompanyInventors: Kenji Kadonaga, Akiko Mitsuhashi, Kazutomo Takahashi
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Patent number: 6630519Abstract: This invention concerns a method for the production of a porous polymer from a water-in-oil type high internal phase emulsion (HIPE). By using an oil-soluble polymerization initiator as the polymerization initiator, the method for producing a porous polymer with outstanding characteristics in a very short period even when the porous polymer is produced from an HIPE exhibiting a viscosity of not more than 500 mPa second at the emulsion formation temperature or when the porous polymer to be produced possesses a number-average pore diameter of not less than 80 &mgr;m is provided.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 2002Date of Patent: October 7, 2003Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hirotama Fujimaru, Kenji Kadonaga, Kinya Nagasuna, Kenji Minami
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Patent number: 6562449Abstract: A nanoporous polymer comprises hollow structures fabricated from crosslinked polymeric strands. The hollow structures are further coupled to other crosslinked polymeric strands by a covalent bond. Particularly contemplated nanoporous polymers have a Tg of no less than 400° C. and a dielectric constant k of no more than 2.5.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 2001Date of Patent: May 13, 2003Inventor: Jim Drage
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Patent number: 6525106Abstract: This application relates to flexible, microporous, open-celled polymeric foam materials with physical characteristics that make them suitable for a variety of uses. This application particularly relates to methods particularly suitable for continuously curing high internal phase emulsions to form such foams.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 2001Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Thomas Allen DesMarais, Thomas Michael Shiveley, John Collins Dyer, Stephen Thomas Dick, Bryn Hird
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Patent number: 6472443Abstract: Highly crosslinked monolithic porous polymer materials for chromatographic applications. By using solvent compositions that provide not only for polymerization of acrylate monomers in such a fashion that a porous polymer network is formed prior to phase separation but also for exchanging the polymerization solvent for a running buffer using electroosmotic flow, the need for high pressure purging is eliminated. The polymer materials have been shown to be an effective capillary electrochromatographic separations medium at lower field strengths than conventional polymer media. Further, because of their highly crosslinked nature these polymer materials are structurally stable in a wide range of organic and aqueous solvents and over a pH range of 2-12.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 2000Date of Patent: October 29, 2002Assignee: Sandia National LaboratoriesInventor: Timothy J. Shepodd
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Patent number: 6465532Abstract: The present invention includes a composition having a co-continuous interconnecting channel morphology for controlled gas transmission rate. These co-continuous interconnecting channels are predominately occupied with a polymer and particles that control the percolation through the composition. The polymer composition may be used to form a desired shaped article such as plug type inserts and liners for closed containers, or it may be formed into a film, sheet, bead or pellet.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2000Date of Patent: October 15, 2002Assignee: CSP Tecnologies, Inc.Inventor: Ihab M. Hekal
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Patent number: 6455600Abstract: A water-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymer obtainable by (I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture which comprises (a) monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acidic groups and are optionally neutralized, (b) optionally other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, (c) crosslinkers, (d) initiators, (e) 0.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2000Date of Patent: September 24, 2002Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Joachim Hähnle, Ulrich Schröder, Martin Beck, Wolfgang Heider, Gunnar Schornick, Thomas Anstock
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Patent number: 6444716Abstract: This application relates to microporous, open-celled polymeric foam materials with physical characteristics that make them suitable for a variety of uses produced from high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). This application particularly relates to oxidatively stable emulsifiers used to stabilize the HIPE and the foams produced from such HIPEs.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2001Date of Patent: September 3, 2002Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Bryn Hird, Edward Joseph Urankar, Brian Bernard Filippini, Richard Michael Lange, Bryan Allers Grisso, Yan Zhao
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Publication number: 20020115735Abstract: A nanoporous polymer comprises hollow structures fabricated from crosslinked polymeric strands. The hollow structures are further coupled to other crosslinked polymeric strands by a covalent bond. Particularly contemplated nanoporous polymers have a Tg of no less than 400° C. and a dielectric constant k of no more than 2.5.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 22, 2001Publication date: August 22, 2002Applicant: Honeywell International Inc.Inventor: Jim Drage
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Patent number: 6426372Abstract: Object: to provide a porous polyimide whose dielectric constant and refractive index are lowered while maintaining intrinsic performances of a polyimide, such as heat resistance, etc., and which is highly transparent. Means for solving: a porous polyimide comprising a polyimide containing matrix, and a plurality of micropores dispersed in said matrix, characterized in that said micropores are formed by removing a hydrophilic polymer from a precursor comprising a polyimide-containing matrix, and the hydrophilic polymer dispersed in said matrix, and that the porous polyimide has light transmittance of no less than 70%.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 2001Date of Patent: July 30, 2002Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Kazuhiko Minami, Mitsuaki Kobayashi
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Patent number: 6395792Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a method for the production of a porous cross-linked polymer, which permits the polymerization (curing) of a water in oil type high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) in such an exceptionally brief time as not more than 30 minutes, preferably not more than 10 minutes without impairing the stability of the HIPE. The object of this invention mentioned above can be accomplished by a method for the production of a porous cross-linked polymer which comprises steps of mixing an oil phase containing a polymerizing monomer, a cross-linking monomer, and a surfactant as essential components with a water phase containing water as an essential component thereby obtaining a water in oil type high internal phase emulsion and heating said emulsion to a prescribed curing temperature thereby polymerizing the emulsion, wherein said emulsion is formed in a thickness of not more than 50 mm and the temperature-increasing rate of the emulsion is not less than 5° C./minute.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 2000Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kinya Nagasuna, Hirotama Fujimaru, Kenji Kadonaga, Kozo Nogi, Katsuhiko Sakamoto, Masazumi Sasabe, Kenji Minami
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Patent number: 6391932Abstract: Porous polyimide dielectric materials having low dielectric constants useful in electronic component manufacture are disclosed along with methods of preparing the porous polyimide dielectric materials. Also disclosed are methods of forming integrated circuits containing such porous polyimide dielectric material.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 2000Date of Patent: May 21, 2002Assignee: Shipley Company, L.L.C.Inventors: Robert H. Gore, Michael K. Gallagher, Scott A. Ibbitson
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Publication number: 20020045672Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing porous polymer materials by a combination of gas foaming and particulate leaching steps. The invention is also directed to porous polymer material prepared by the process, particularly having a characteristic interconnected pore structure, and to methods for using such porous polymer material, particularly for tissue engineering.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 28, 2001Publication date: April 18, 2002Applicant: The Regents Of The University Of MichiganInventors: Leatrese J. Harris, David J. Mooney, Lonnie Shea
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Patent number: 6372808Abstract: A porous polyimide having a finely cellular structure and having a low dielectric constant and heat resistance. The porous polyimide can be produced by a process comprising adding a dispersible compound to a polyimide precursor to form a micro-domain structure in which the dispersible compound is dispersed in the polymer so as to have a size smaller than 10 &mgr;m and then removing the dispersible compound by extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide to thereby make the precursor porous, wherein the interaction parameter &khgr;AB between the polyimide precursor A and the dispersible compound B is larger than 3. This porous polyimide has an average cell diameter smaller than 5 &mgr;m and a dielectric constant of 3 or lower.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2001Date of Patent: April 16, 2002Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Mitsuhiro Kanada, Takayuki Yamamoto, Amane Mochizuki, Takahiro Fukuoka
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Patent number: 6369121Abstract: A method of making high internal phase emulsions is described. The method forms high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) using a single pass through the static mixer. In alternative embodiments, the HIPE may be further processed to farther modify the size of dispersed phase droplets, to incorporate additional materials into the HIPE, to alter emulsion temperature, and the like.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2000Date of Patent: April 9, 2002Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Vincenzo Catalfamo, Thomas Michael Shiveley, Gina Lynn Blum, Paul Martin Lipic, Thomas Allen DesMarais
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Patent number: 6365642Abstract: This application relates to flexible, microporous, open-celled polymeric foam materials with physical characteristics that make them suitable for a variety of uses. This application particularly relates to monomer compositions having short curing times for preparing such foam materials from high internal phase emulsions.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 2001Date of Patent: April 2, 2002Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: John Collins Dyer, Robert Joseph McChain, Yan Zhao
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Patent number: 6355730Abstract: Membrane materials for removing uremic toxins from a hydrophobic polymer such as polysulfone and two polyvinyl pyrrolidones, hydrophilic polymers of different molecular weights, that is 10-50 wt. % of a low molecular weight component (molecular weight<100,000) and 90-50 wt. % of a high molecular weight component (molecular weight≧100,000). The membranes are permselective useful in dialysis. The membrane material may have an overall mass transfer coefficient (K0), for a Strokes' radius of at least 30 Å (as determined by a diffusion test during dextran), of ≧0.0025 cm/min and a permeability to albumin of ≦4%.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1999Date of Patent: March 12, 2002Assignee: Toray Industries, Inc.Inventors: Hidetoshi Kozawa, Ichiro Itagaki, Kenji Nishikawa, Kazumi Tanaka
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Patent number: 6323252Abstract: A composition comprising aqueous fluid absorbent polymer particles which have been heat-treated at temperatures greater than 170° C. for more than 10 minutes, wherein the composition has been remoisturized, after the heat-treatment, with an aqueous additive solution, in the absence of an organic solvent or water-insoluble, non-swellable powder, and comprises 1 to 10 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, water and wherein the composition is characterized by the ability to absorb at least 20 grams of a 0.9 weight percent aqueous saline solution under a pressure of 0.3 psi (21,000 dynes/cm2), that is, a 60 minute 0.3 psi (21,000 dynes/cm2) AUL greater than 20 grams/gram. A process for preparing such a composition.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 2000Date of Patent: November 27, 2001Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Herbert A. Gartner, Thomas L. Staples, Michael A. Fialkowski
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Patent number: 6297293Abstract: A mesoporous material prepared by polymerizing a resorcinol/formaldehyde system from an aqueous solution containing resorcinol, formaldehyde and a surfactant and optionally pyrolyzing the polymer to form a primarily carbonaceous solid. The material has an average pore size between 4 and 75 nm and is suitable for use in liquid-phase surface limited applications, including sorbent, catalytic, and electrical applications.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1999Date of Patent: October 2, 2001Assignee: TDA Research, Inc.Inventors: William Bell, Steven Dietz
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Patent number: 6296932Abstract: An adhesive coated article comprises a layer of microsphere adhesive onto a portion of at least one major surface of a substrate. The microspheres in the adhesive are obtained as the reaction product of (a) at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate ester wherein the alkyl group contains four to about 14 carbon atoms, preferably four to about 10 carbon atoms and (b) a comonomer(s). The comonomer may be a nonpolar, ionic, polar comonomer or mixtures of such monomers. This microsphere adhesive either contains a (meth)acrylamide comonomer or a polyacrylamide material is post-added to the microsphere adhesive. The adhesive exhibits a lower than expected adhesion to coated papers without sacrificing the adhesion to standard uncoated (bond) papers and preferably, the 90° peel adhesion, as measured on Kromkote® paper (used as an industry standard) is in the range of 20 to 250 grams/inch.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1998Date of Patent: October 2, 2001Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Michael D. Crandall, Terrence E. Cooprider
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Patent number: 6281256Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing porous polymer materials by a combination of gas forming and particulate leaching steps. The invention is also directed to porous polymer material prepared by the process, particularly having a characteristic interconnected pore structure, and to methods for using such porous polymer material, particularly for tissue engineering.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 2000Date of Patent: August 28, 2001Assignee: The Regents of the University of MichiganInventors: Leatrese Harris, David J. Mooney, Lonnie Shea
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Patent number: 6231926Abstract: A process for producing poromeric synthetic leather comprises I. producing an essentially nonporous impregnate by impregnating a textile sheet material with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion and drying, and II. producing a poromeric synthetic leather from the impregnate by subjecting the impregnate to the action of an aqueous solution of a Brønsted base.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1999Date of Patent: May 15, 2001Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Cesare Ronzani, Ralf Mossbach, Karl Häberle
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Patent number: 6231960Abstract: Biodegradable and/or compostable polymers are made from isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene or like conjugated dienes and a crosslinking agent having a cleavable linking group such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. These polymers can be used to make absorbent foams that are useful in absorbent articles such as diapers, as well as other biodegradable articles such as films, and latexes useful as binders and adhesives.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 1997Date of Patent: May 15, 2001Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: John C. Dyer, Bryn Hird, Pui Kwan Wong
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Patent number: 6207724Abstract: This application relates to microporous, open-celled polymeric foam materials with physical characteristics that make them suitable for a variety of uses produced from high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). This application particularly relates to oxidatively stable emulsifiers used to stabilize the HIPE and the foams produced from such HIPEs.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 2000Date of Patent: March 27, 2001Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Bryn Hird, Edward Joseph Urankar, Brian B. Filippini, Richard M. Lange, Bryan A. Grisso
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Patent number: 6160030Abstract: The present invention relates to porous polymers comprising a perfluoropolyether unit, to a process for producing such porous polymers, in particular to a process for polymerising or copolymerising monomers incorporating perfluoropolyethers to form porous polymers, to articles made of or comprising porous polymers comprising a perfluoropolyether unit, such as membranes or ophthalmic devices, and to the use of porous polymers comprising perfluoropolyether units as articles, such as membranes or ophthalmic devices. The perfluoropolyether units are preferably of the formula (PFPE):--OCH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O(CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.x (CF.sub.2 O).sub.y CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O-- wherein the CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O and CF.sub.2 O units may be randomly distributed or distributed as blocks throughout the chain and wherein x and y may be the same or different such that the molecular weight of the perfluorinated polyether is in the range of from 242 to 4,000.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1999Date of Patent: December 12, 2000Assignee: Novartis AGInventors: Hassan Chaouk, Gordon Francis Meijs
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Patent number: 6160028Abstract: Disclosed are microporous, open-celled polymeric foams formed by polymerizing a high internal phase water-in-oil emulsion comprising a continuous oil phase and discontinuous water phase where the foam has a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) value of at least about 18% Such foams are commonly known in the art as "HIPEs". The foams have a variety of flame retardant applications, including use in insulation.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1998Date of Patent: December 12, 2000Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventor: John Collins Dyer
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Patent number: 6147131Abstract: High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), porous polymeric materials made therefrom, and methods for making and using the same. Specific embodiments of the invention include water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions having at least 70 volume percent of an internal aqueous phase and less than 30 volume percent of an external oil phase wherein the oil phase comprises a vinyl polymerizable monomer and a surfactant effective to stabilize the emulsion. The subject surfactants are oil soluble and preferably include an oxyalkylene component.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1998Date of Patent: November 14, 2000Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Steven W. Mork, Daniel Patrick Green, Gene D. Rose
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Patent number: 6136874Abstract: Disclosed are polymeric foam materials obtained using monomers based on silicon and/or germination. The copolymerization of silicon- or germanium-based monomers provide foams that have low glass transition temperatures and low densities. These foams also exhibit relatively high yield stress values, which make the foams suitable for absorption of fluids, particularly aqueous fluids such as urine and menses (when the foams are rendered hydrophilic). The foams have a variety of other uses, including insulation applications.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1999Date of Patent: October 24, 2000Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: John Collins Dyer, Herbert Louis Retzsch
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Patent number: 6136873Abstract: Water-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymers obtainable by(I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture which comprises(a) monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acidic groups and are at least 50 mol % neutralized,(b) with or without other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers,(c) crosslinkers,(d) initiators,(e) 0.1-20% by weight of at least one surfactant,(f) with or without at least one solubilizer and(g) with or without thickeners, foam stabilizers, polymerization regulators, fillers and/or cell nucleating agents,where the foaming takes place by dispersing fine bubbles of a gas which is inert to free radicals, and(II) polymerizing the foamed mixture to form an expanded hydrogel and adjusting the water content of the expanded polymer to 1-45% by weight, a process for their production and their use in hygiene articles employed to absorb body fluids and in dressing material for covering wounds.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1998Date of Patent: October 24, 2000Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Joachim Hahnle, Manfred Walter, Jurgen Tropsch, Gunnar Schornick, Thomas Anstock
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Patent number: RE37021Abstract: A process for producing a water-absorbing resin, which comprises polymerizing (D) an aqueous solution comprising (A) at least one monomer component selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and salts thereof; (B) a compound having two or more unsaturated groups in a molecule; and (C) a compound having two or more functional groups which are capable of reacting with carboxyl groups in a molecule, the polymerization being conducted in such a manner that the following conditions (a) to (c) are simultaneously satisfied: (a) the molar ratio (B)/(C) being in the range of from 2×10−3 to 300, (b) the polymerization being initiated by a redox polymerization initiator, and (c) the maximum reaction temperature being in the range of from 60° to 100° C., and a water-absorbing resin having a degree of reduction in absorption magnification of from 1 to 16, and n absorption magnification under pressure of from 20 to 40.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1999Date of Patent: January 16, 2001Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventor: Kenji Aida